JPH0759830B2 - Construction equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a construction apparatus which can be preferably applied to the construction of various types of buildings from low-rise to high-rise without manpower (that is, unmanned). It is a thing.

《Prior art》 Generally, in the construction of various structures such as middle- and high-rise buildings, after constructing pillars up to the top floor, slabs etc. assembled on the ground are sequentially pulled up with a winch and attached, or a frame member is lifted with a crane or the like. , The lower floors to the upper floors are built one by one, and they are piled up.

FIG. 4 is for explaining the latter method, and shows that the first and second floors have already been constructed and the third floor has been constructed.

That is, the worker H rides on the floor of the third floor and the crane C
The skeleton member S pulled up by is received and attached to the predetermined position of the third floor by welding, bolts or other means.

In addition, recently, a plant installed on the first floor above ground is used to intensively produce buildings on the first floor using machines such as robots, and after the construction work on the first floor is completed, push up by the height of the floor. There has been proposed a method of repeating the above process to construct the entire building (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-244941).

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, there are many methods for pulling up and installing the slab after the pillar construction up to the top floor with a winch, and for constructing every floor from the lower floor to the upper floor. It takes manpower,
Due to weather conditions and restrictions on work time, etc., it often led to an extension of the construction period, and it was necessary to give great consideration to the safety of workers.

Further, in the above-mentioned method of the previous proposal, although such a problem is substantially solved, a member for supporting a building under construction,
That is, there is a problem that the height of the building is limited due to the strength of the members pushed up.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the above problems and to propose a construction apparatus which can be preferably applied when unmannedly constructing various structures from low-rise to high-rise, and which is also useful.

<< Means for Solving the Problem >> The present invention is directed to a temporary beam set assembled at an upper position of a building to be constructed, and to the temporary beam set, with respect to the above-mentioned building below the temporary beam set. A plurality of telescopic units are provided, all of which are extended downward to form a construction work space on the building under the temporary beam assembly, while alternatively a plurality of units are contracted upward to construct the building. A group of telescopic columns forming a mounting space for the main installation column between the column, and a column mounting means for installing the main column between any of the contracted expansion columns and the building in the construction work space. It is characterized by having.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the temporary beam assembly has a temporary cover that covers the construction work space.

<Operation> The operation of the present invention will be described. First, by expanding the telescopic column groups provided in the temporary beam assembly all at once downward, the temporary beam assembly rises with respect to the building and the construction is performed. A construction work space is formed between the construction work space and the object, and the expandable column functions as a temporary column of the construction work space. After that, one of these telescopic columns is selectively contracted to form a mounting space for the permanent column between the temporary beam assembly and the building. Then, the main pillar is mounted in the open space by the pillar mounting means. By repeating this work sequentially for all the telescopic columns, a construction work space in which the main columns are installed is formed below the temporary beam assembly. In this state, the telescopic column group will be further extended all at once, and the construction work will proceed further upward. In particular, since the work can be sequentially advanced upward while securing the construction work space by the telescopic work of the telescopic column group, it is easy to introduce automation of control, and it is suitable for automation of construction work. . Further, the construction work space can be shielded from the outside by the temporary cover provided on the temporary beam assembly, and the construction work can be performed without being affected by the weather and without hindering the surrounding environment.

<< Example >> FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of an example of the device of the present invention by its model.

In this embodiment, basically, the temporary beam assembly 3 assembled above the building 10 to be constructed and the temporary beam assembly 3 can be selectively expanded and contracted with respect to the building 10 below the temporary beam assembly 3. A plurality of them, all of which are extended downward to form a construction work space 14 on the building 10 under the temporary beam assembly 3 while being contracted upward and selectively The expansion and contraction column group 1 that forms a mounting space 15 for the main installation column 6 and the construction work space 14,
A main installation pillar gripping robot 9 as a pillar device means for installing the main installation pillar 6 between any of the contracted telescopic pillars 1 and the building 10 is configured.

In the figure, a plurality of (four in this case) telescopic columns, in the present embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder 1 has a rod 2 having a stroke slightly longer than the height of the first floor of the building 10.

Instead of the hydraulic cylinder 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), a comb 20 is attached to the side surface of the rod 2 over the entire length, and a rack gear 21 meshing with the comb 20 is fixed to a beam assembly 3 described later. The rod 2 is attached to the sheath 13 at an appropriate position and the rack gear 21 is rotated to use the sheath 13 as a guide.
It may be configured as an elevating rod type that extends (withdraws) and shortens (stores). Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), a spiral thread groove 22 is provided on the entire circumference of the side surface of the rod 2, and a thread groove 23 corresponding to this thread groove 22 is provided on the inner side surface of the sheath 13. By rotating the rod 2 along the thread grooves 22 and 23, the rod 2 is extended (removed) and shortened (extended).
It may be configured as a screw jack type capable of performing.

The four hydraulic cylinders 1 having such a structure are attached to a temporary beam assembly 3 assembled in a substantially same shape as the top shape (rectangular here) of the building 10 to be constructed so as to support it.

Then, here, the movable crane 5 is arranged between the beams 3a and 3b which face each other of the beam assembly 3, and the work robot 4 is detachably arranged on the movable crane 5.

In the apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, first, in FIG. 1 (A), the four rods 2 are all extended simultaneously from the four cylinders 1 by the entire length thereof. Thereby, the construction work space 14 is formed between the beam assembly 3 and the building 10, and the rod 2 functions as a temporary column. Next, one rod 2 is stored in the cylinder 1 for the entire length thereof. Then, the beam assembly 3 is supported by the remaining three rods 2. At the actual machine level, a much larger number of cylinders 1 than 4 are used and there is support by a large number of rods 2, so there is no problem even if the support of a small number of rods 2 is lost.

In FIG. 1 (B), the main installation pillar 6 is installed in the installation space 15 of the main installation pillar directly below the cylinder 1 accommodating the rod 2. At this time, the installation work is performed by replacing the work robot (here, a welding robot described later) 4 shown in FIG. .

As shown in FIG. 1 (C), the main pillar 6 is hydraulically pressed by the rod 2 of the cylinder 1 and is welded or the like to construct the building 10.
Fixed firmly on top of.

After that, the other one rod 2 is stored in the cylinder 1 for the entire length, and instead, the main installation column 6 is installed and fixed by the same operation as described above.

This operation is performed by moving the main pole-holding robot 9 to the mobile crane 5
Move it up and do about all four cylinders 1, and install the main installation column 6 directly under all four cylinders 1,
Once fixed, as shown in FIG. 1 (D), the permanent-column-holding robot 9 is replaced with a permanent-beam mounting robot 12, and the permanent-beam mounting robot 12 is used to mount the permanent-beam 7. Perform mounting work.

That is, the main installation column 6 is provided with a joint portion 8 in advance, and the main installation beam 7 is inserted between the opposing joint portions 8 of the two main installation columns 6, and bolts, nuts, welding, other The joint portion 8 and the main beam 7 are joined by an appropriate means.

The work of attaching the permanent beam 7 is also performed for all four permanent beams 7 while moving the permanent beam attaching robot 12 on the mobile crane 5.

FIG. 1 (E) shows the situation at the time when the work of attaching the permanent beam 7 is completed. In this example, the main beam 7 and the joint portion 8 are joined together by using bolts and nuts and welding. First, the main beam 7 is mounted by the above-mentioned main beam attaching robot 12.
The charging and the mechanical connection by bolts and nuts are performed on all the four main beams 7, then the welding robot 4 is replaced, and the metallurgical connection by welding is performed on all the four main beams 7.

The welding robot 4 also welds the main beam 7 and the floor slab.

After this, mounting the outer wall 11 (see FIG. 1 (F)) on the floor,
Partition work, various booths (boiler room,
Assemble and install bathrooms, washrooms, etc., work on ceilings and floors, and all other work required for the floor.

The operation of fixing the main installation beam to the floor slab may be performed after all the installation work of the main installation columns is completed, or may be performed every time the installation work of the number of pieces is completed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (F), the rods 2 are simultaneously extended from all of the four cylinders 1, and the construction of the next floor is started. This construction is performed by repeating the operations shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (E).

In this way, the lower and upper floors are sequentially constructed and constructed for each floor.

The above operation is performed for the required floors, and finally, the device of the present invention is disassembled and removed, and various works required for the uppermost floor are performed, and the construction of the building is completed.

If the same material as the main installation pillar 6 and the main installation beam 7 is used as the cylinder 1, the rod 2, and the temporary beam assembly 3 of the device of the present invention, the device of the present invention itself becomes the top beam assembly, and Operations such as dismantling and removal can be simplified.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view showing an example of the device of the present invention at an actual machine level, and the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 denote the same functional parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 3 shows an unmanned construction of a building 10 having a donut-shaped cross section. The inner space is used as an elevator shaft 30, and main pillars 6, main beams 7, etc. The elevator 31 is moved up and down to convey various building materials.

The device of the present invention is assembled in a shape substantially the same as the cross-sectional shape of the building 10, and the control room 32 is installed on the temporary beam assembly 3.

In particular, in the construction of a cylindrical or hemispherical building, the control of the work robot or the like is based on the cylindrical coordinate system or polar coordinate system, which is easy to control, so it is possible to easily perform control with high accuracy. This can reduce the construction cost.

In this control room 32, a worker 33
By operating the device of the present invention, all of the circuits incorporated in the device of the present invention are automatically operated by the circuits shown in FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (F).
It works like this.

In other words, the main pillar 6 carried by the elevator 31 together with the carriage 34 from the ground is moved by the main pillar gripping robot 9 [see FIG. It is installed in the part housed in No. 1 and is welded and fixed by the welding robot 4 to the upper end of the main pillar on the lower floor near the surface of the floor slab 35.

The main beam 7 is also transported from the ground together with the carriage 26 by the elevator 31, and is loaded and fixed to the joint portion 8 of the main column 6 by the main beam mounting robot 12 moving on the mobile crane 5. .

The floor of the elevator 31 is configured to be rotatable by 360 °, and the trolleys 34, 36 are rotated by a desired angle in the elevator 31 to allow the desired installation of the main pillar 6 and the main beam 7. It is possible to travel freely in the position direction.

When the fixing work of the main installation pillar 6 and the main installation beam 7 is completed as described above, the one-touch fastener of the outer wall panel 11 on the floor concerned.
Installation work by 37 and other necessary work on the floor,
This is performed by a work robot that moves on the mobile crane 5.

Then, the rods 2 are simultaneously extended from all the cylinders 1 again, and the same operation as described above is repeated to construct and construct the next floor.

After the construction and construction of the required floors are completed in this way, the device of the present invention and the control room 32 are removed and construction of the roof portion is carried out.

The device of the present invention at the above-mentioned actual level is such that various noises on the construction floor do not leak to the surroundings, and electric commands from the computer 33 in the control room 32 to the work robot and other equipment cause ambient radio waves and electromagnetic waves. In order to prevent wind and rain from entering the control room 32 and the construction floor, a temporary cover 16 for soundproofing, electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave shielding, and wind and rain blocking, here a temporary roof 38 and a temporary enclosure 39 are used for temporary beam assembly 3 Mounted on.

As described above, if the soundproof function and the radio wave and electromagnetic wave shielding function are provided, the construction environment can be favorably maintained and the runaway of the computer or the robot can be prevented.

In the device of the present invention, as described above, the cylinder 1,
If the rod 2 and the temporary beam assembly 3 are made of the same material as the main pillar 6 and the main beam 7, these can be used as they are as a part of the building 10. Further, if the above-mentioned temporary roof 38 is also made of the roof material of the building 10, this can also be used as it is as the roof portion of the building 10.

Further, in the device of the present invention, the cylinder 1 and the rod 2 have a length corresponding to the height of the second floor of the building 10 or higher, so that the main pillar 6 having the length of the second floor or higher can be constructed. You can also

<< Effects of the Invention >> According to the device of the present invention described in detail above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the work is sequentially advanced while securing the construction work space by the work of expanding and contracting the expandable column, it is easy to introduce automation of control, which is suitable for automation of construction work.

(2) It can be covered with a temporary cover, which prevents rain,
Construction is possible regardless of the weather such as wind.

(3) As a result of automation of the above control, labor saving based on automation of construction work, and elimination of the influence of weather due to covering, 24-hour operation is possible and the construction period is dramatically shortened.

(4) Since the expandable column of the device of the present invention supports a temporary beam assembly and, if attached, a temporary cover, it is a large-scale construction of a building under construction in the previously proposed plant installed on the ground floor. There is no height limitation of the building and the cost of the device is lower than that of supporting the weight.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIGS. 1 (A) to 1 (F) are views for explaining the principle of an example of the device of the present invention by a model, and FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B) show a configuration example of a cylinder and a rod of the device of the present invention. FIG. 3 and FIG. 3 are schematic explanatory views showing an example of the device of the present invention on an actual machine level, and FIG. 4 is a view showing a conventional construction method. 1 …… Expansion column (hydraulic cylinder) 3 …… Temporary beam assembly 10 …… Building 14 …… Construction work space 15 …… Main column mounting space 16 …… Temporary cover

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A temporary beam assembly assembled at an upper position of a building to be constructed, and a plurality of temporary beam assemblies selectively expandable and contractible with respect to the building below the temporary beam assembly, All of them are extended downward to form a construction work space on the building under the temporary beam assembly, while alternatively they are contracted upward to mount the main installation column between the building and the building. It is provided with a group of telescopic columns forming a space, and a column mounting means for installing a permanent column between any of the contracted telescopic columns and the building in the construction work space. Construction equipment. 2. The construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the temporary beam assembly has a temporary cover that covers the construction work space.