JPH0753155B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus having a self-eye alignment device that allows a subject himself to align an eye to be examined with an appropriate position of the ophthalmologic apparatus.

[Prior Art] In recent years, it has been desired to disseminate an ophthalmologic apparatus that can be operated by the subject himself so that both the examiner and the subject can save labor. For example, it is desirable that the intraocular pressure be regularly measured like the blood pressure, and that the intraocular pressure be easily and accurately measured at home like a home blood pressure monitor.

By the way, when the subject himself operates the ophthalmologic equipment,
The subject must accurately align his or her own eye with the device in place. This alignment consists of setting the distance between the device and the eye to be examined, that is, working distance (working distance) WD, and aligning the optical axis of the device with the eye axis of the eye to be examined. Need some degree of accuracy.

Conventionally, there has been a contact type device for pressing a terminal against the cornea as this type of alignment device, but it is difficult to say that the subject device can be easily operated because anesthesia, disinfection and the like are required in this contact type device. This difficulty in self-eye alignment is one of the causes that prevent the spread of ophthalmic devices that can be used at home.

In response to such a request, the applicant of the present application has filed Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-276533.
A device as shown in is proposed. FIG. 4 shows an example of the non-contact tonometer. A concave mirror 1 whose focal length is the working distance of the ophthalmologic apparatus is arranged on the optical axis 01 of the apparatus, and an opening is provided in the center of the concave mirror 1 for application to the tonometer, and the opening is formed in the opening. The nozzle 1a is penetrated. Then, air is blown to the eye E to be inspected located on the optical axis 01 through the nozzle 1a by an air compression device (not shown), and the cornea of the eye E to be deformed by the pressure of the air blown causes the eye E to move. It can measure intraocular pressure. At that time, in order to apply a predetermined pressure to the eye E, the eye axis of the eye E must match the axis of the nozzle 1a, and the eye E must be located at a predetermined working distance from the nozzle 1a. . Since the axis of the nozzle 1a coincides with the optical axis 01, the eye E to be examined may be aligned by aligning the eye axis with the optical axis.

By the way, in an emmetropic eye whose accommodation is stopped, an object at a distance from the eyes forms an image on the retina. Therefore, when the eye E to be inspected is located at the focal length f1 of the concave mirror 1, any light beam emitted from any position of the anterior segment of the eye E is reflected by the concave mirror 1 as a parallel light beam, and therefore the subject's own eye E The image E ′ of the anterior segment of E is clearly visible in the concave mirror 1. Therefore, if the working distance WD of the tonometry device is f1, then f1
A concave mirror 1 having a focal length of, that is, a concave mirror 1 having a radius of curvature r1 = 2f1 is arranged on a light beam 01, and the subject positions his or her own eye E at a position where an image E ′ of the eye E can be clearly seen. As a result, the eye E to be inspected can be fixed to the focal length f1 of the concave mirror 1, that is, the working distance f1 of the apparatus. The alignment for aligning the eye axis of the eye E with the optical axis 01 can be achieved by positioning the image E ′ of the anterior segment of the subject eye E at the center position of the concave mirror 1. That is, the concave mirror 1 having a radius of curvature that is twice the working distance WD of the tonometry device is placed on the optical axis 01, and the subject clearly and self-centers at the center of the concave mirror 1 in the anterior segment of the eye E to be examined. By positioning the subject's eye E so as to see the image E ', the subject's eye E can be easily
It is configured so that it can be aligned.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned conventional example has a drawback that it is difficult to perform delicate alignment of the eye to be inspected. This is because the subject sees the image of his / her own pupil or the like, that is, the alignment is performed by forming an image on the fundus, so the working distance is slightly deviated due to the diopter of the subject's eye, and the image of the pupil is also seen. This makes the line of sight unstable. Further, since it is impossible to recognize that the alignment action is performed in the correct direction, it takes a long time to perform the alignment. Further, in a device such as a non-contact tonometer that requires delicate alignment, the alignment confirmation accuracy is low in the alignment method as in the above-described conventional example, and a more accurate method has been desired.

[Means for Solving the Problem] An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that allows a subject to quickly perform more accurate alignment, and an eye information detecting means for detecting predetermined information of the eye. And an alignment detection unit that receives light from the anterior segment of the eye to detect the alignment state with the eye to be inspected, and a transmission unit that transmits output information of the alignment detection unit to the subject. To do.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is an embodiment of a non-contact tonometer according to the present invention.
The concave mirror 1'is a concave dichroic mirror that reflects visible light and transmits near-infrared light, and operates in the same manner as the concave mirror 1 in FIG. 4 to form an image of the anterior segment of the eye on the fundus of the eye to be examined. nozzle
A compression chamber 4 sealed by transmission windows 2 and 3 is facilitated behind 1a and is connected to an air flow generator described later. An alignment detection system for detecting the alignment state of the eye to be inspected is provided behind the compression chamber 4, and the light flux emitted from the infrared light source 5 passes through the liquid crystal shutter 6 and then the lens 7 and the visible transmission / near infrared reflection dichroism. The light is focused near the exit of the nozzle 1a via the optical mirror 8. After that, the light beam diverges again, and after being reflected by the cornea of the eye E to be examined, it passes through the concave dichroic mirror 1'and the transmission windows 2 and 3 (that is, outside the nozzle) and the lenses 9 and 10 cause the two-dimensional position detector 11 to be formed. Focus on top. The output of the two-dimensional position detector 11 is the arithmetic circuit 12
Is converted into a position signal of the light flux and is taken into the controller 13. Two-dimensional position detector with the above configuration
By comparing the position of the corneal reflection image of the infrared light source 5 at 11 with the reference position, the displacement of the eye E to be examined in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis 01 of the eye E can be detected. On the other hand, position detection in the horizontal direction (that is, the working distance direction) with respect to the optical axis is performed by selecting a light beam by the liquid crystal shutter 6. That is, the liquid crystal driver 14 receives an appropriate clock from the controller 13 and alternately opens the two regions 6a and 6b of the liquid crystal shutter 6 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b). As a result, when the alignment is correct and the position of the eye E to be examined in the optical axis direction is at the normal position, the light flux focused on the two-dimensional position detector 11 is stationary regardless of the driving of the liquid crystal shutter 6. The position of the eye to be inspected E in the direction of the optical axis deviates from the normal position to the front and back, and the condensing point is 2
When the light beam is shifted back and forth from the dimensional position detector 11, the light beams move in opposite directions. Therefore, if the output of the two-dimensional position detector 11 is captured in synchronization with the driving of the liquid crystal shutter 6, desired information can be obtained. Summarizing the above, specifically, the vertical misalignment of the optical axis 01 is caused by the output of the two-dimensional position detector 11 when the liquid crystal shutter 6 is shown in FIG. 2 (a) and when the liquid crystal shutter 6 is shown in FIG. 2 (b). It can be obtained by specifying the intermediate position from the average with the output and detecting the deviation from the reference position, and the positional deviation in the optical axis 01 direction can be found by taking the difference between the two.

The information on the position of the eye to be inspected obtained by the alignment detecting means as described above is converted by the controller 13 and displayed on the LED display element 15. In this case, the controller 13 controls the LED display element 15 and outputs LE by the output of the alignment detection means.
The D display element 15 can be controlled appropriately. LED display element
Reference numeral 15 has, for example, a 5 × 7 light emitting portion of a dot tomato box as shown in FIG. 3 (a), and arrows (b) to (e) indicating the direction of the position shift, and an alphabet (f) indicating forward and backward, Display (g). This display is imaged at substantially infinity by the lens 9 via the mirrors 16 and 17, and is presented to the eye E through the dichroic mirror 8, the passage window 3 and the nozzle 1a. Since this display is coaxial with the optical axis 01, it also functions as a fixation lamp for the subject's eye. In the present apparatus having such a configuration, when the subject adjusts his / her own eye position while looking at the subject's own pupil image reflected on the concave dichroic mirror, the examiner can fix his / her line of sight by fixing the LED display element. By fixing and simultaneously viewing the display, the eye direction adjustment direction can be understood, and the eye position can be adjusted in accordance with the display. Conversely, the reflective optical system such as the concave dichroic mirror described above is an auxiliary means used for coarse adjustment of the eye position in this apparatus. It can be said that this configuration is unnecessary for a skilled subject. By the observation of the alignment information displayed on the LED display element 15 by the eye E in this manner, the subject can complete the alignment by himself / herself.

If the controller 13 automatically activates the eye information detecting means when the output of the two-dimensional position detector 11 provides good alignment, the eye information can be detected only by the subject. Further, if the detection result of the eye information (including the case of detection abnormality) is displayed on the LED display element 15, the subject can perform eye information multiple times in a short time as necessary without taking his eyes off the device. Can be detected. Moreover, in this case, the alignment information transmitting means and the eye information transmitting means can be shared.

The intraocular pressure measuring means will be described below as the eye information detecting means.

100 is a rotary solenoid, and the piston 10
By driving 2 the air in the compressed air chamber 4 is compressed. A pressure sensor 103 is provided inside the compressed air chamber 4 to detect the internal pressure value. The compressed air that has passed through the nozzle 1a deforms the cornea of the eye E to be examined. A light source 104, lenses 105 and 106, and an optical sensor 107 are provided to detect when the cornea is deformed (for example, applanation), and the maximum amount of light is incident on the optical sensor 107 when the cornea is deformed by the predetermined amount. . For example, considering the cornea horizontal, the light source 104 and the optical sensor 1
07 is provided at the focal position of the lenses 105 and 106, respectively.

The output signals of the pressure sensor 103 and the optical sensor 107 are calculated by the arithmetic circuit 108.
The eye pressure value is calculated from the output signal value of the pressure sensor 103 when the output of the optical sensor 107 is maximized. The output of the arithmetic circuit 108 can be displayed on the LED display element 15. In this case, the eye E to be inspected can know the measurement result without taking the eye away from the apparatus, and when it is determined that the measurement is abnormal, the next measurement is continued. You can move.

In this case, it is desirable to prevent compressed air from being generated for a predetermined time even if the measurement results are obtained and the alignment is achieved.

[Modification] In the above embodiment, the display element is configured to only indicate the direction of eye shift, but displaying the absolute value of the shift without indicating the direction is sufficient effect. Have. In this case, the display may be a single LED, and the blinking cycle may be changed in accordance with the absolute value of the positional deviation. In this case, the alignment detection system does not need to detect the misalignment, and the device can be simplified by replacing it with a mere light amount detection type photodiode having a minute aperture. Needless to say, further effects can be obtained by instructing the direction of the shift of the eye position as shown in FIG. 3 and blinking the display corresponding to the absolute value of the shift.

In the case of the above method using a single LED as a display element, for example, the method previously filed by the applicant (Japanese Patent Application No.
62-192202), the display element can be presented clearly regardless of the refractive error of the eye to be inspected. However, when presenting a predetermined pattern (for example, arrows and characters in FIG. 3) as in the previous embodiment. It is necessary to adjust the presentation distance according to the refractive error of the eye to be examined. The simplest method for that is to make the display element 15 movable to the method of arrow A in FIG.

In the previous embodiment, as the alignment detection system, a light beam is projected from the inside of the nozzle 1a, a cornea reflected light beam is taken out from the outside of the nozzle, and in addition, a two-dimensional position detector and a light beam selecting means are used. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific configuration. Further, the fixation function is added by projecting a light beam from the nozzle 1a as a means for transmitting the alignment information to the eye to be inspected, but the present invention is not limited to this method. For example, a system for visually observing corneal reflection of another embodiment shown in an application by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-276533), which is an example of a conventional device, may be used, or a voice instruction may be given. Even if it has the same effect. The present invention can be applied to any ophthalmologic apparatus such as an ocular refractometer, a keratometer, an axial length meter, and a fundus camera, in addition to the intraocular system.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the alignment accuracy of an ophthalmologic apparatus having a conventional self-eye alignment device and to perform the alignment quickly.

Furthermore, if the above-described alignment detection system is used to continuously perform the measurement and projection operations automatically after the completion of the alignment, the measurement and the imaging are completed without directly operating the apparatus during the operation in which the subject performs the measurement and the imaging. Therefore, automatic measurement and photographing can be performed by a simpler operation, and better measurement and photographing can be performed with stable alignment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a non-contact tonometer as an embodiment of the present invention,
2 (a) and 2 (b) are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the liquid crystal shutter, FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (g) are diagrams of display examples of the display element, and FIG. 4 is a diagram of an optical system of a conventional device. In the figure, E is the eye to be inspected, 1 is a concave dichroic mirror, 5
Is an infrared light source, 11 is a two-dimensional position detector, 13 is a controller, and 15 is an LED display element.

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. An eye information detecting means for detecting predetermined information of an eye, an alignment detecting means for receiving light from an anterior eye part of the eye to detect an alignment state with the eye, and the alignment detecting means. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits the output information of the item 1 to the subject. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the eye information detecting means is operated based on the output of the alignment detecting means. 3. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the output information of the eye information detecting means is transmitted to the subject. 4. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the output information of the eye information detecting means is transmitted to the subject by the transmitting means. 5. The alignment detection means is an optical alignment detection means provided with a projection optical system for projecting a light beam on the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected and a light receiving means for receiving corneal reflected light of the light beam. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to item 1. 6. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting means is a sound generating means. 7. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting means includes a luminescent target and a projection optical system for projecting the luminescent target onto an eye to be examined. 8. An eye information detecting means for detecting predetermined information of the eye to be inspected, and at least a part of a transparent film which is opposed to the eye and reflects light from an anterior segment of the eye to form an image on a fundus of the eye to be inspected. An optical concave mirror, alignment detecting means for receiving light from the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be examined through the concave mirror, and detecting alignment state with the eye to be examined, and transmitting output information of the alignment detecting means to the subject. An ophthalmologic apparatus, comprising: 9. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the concave mirror reflects visible light and transmits near infrared light. 10. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 8, which activates the eye information detecting means on the basis of the output of the alignment detecting means. 11. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the output information of the eye information detecting means is transmitted to the subject. 12. The invention according to claim 11, wherein the output information of the eye information detecting means is transmitted to the subject by the transmitting means.
The ophthalmic device according to the item. 13. The optical alignment detection means, comprising: a projection optical system for projecting a light beam onto the anterior segment of the eye to be examined; and a light receiving means for receiving corneal reflected light of the light beam. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to Item 8. 14. The ophthalmic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the transmitting means is a sound generating means. 15. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the transmitting means includes a luminescent target and a projection optical system for projecting the luminescent target onto an eye to be examined.