JPH0727828Y2 - Vehicle braking system - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a vehicle braking system, in particular, a generator is provided between a transmission and an engine, and an exhaust brake is attached to an exhaust system of the engine. The present invention relates to a vehicle braking device that uses a generator and an exhaust brake together to brake a vehicle.

[Outline of device]

The present invention adjusts the braking force of the generator installed between the transmission and the engine according to the gear position of the transmission and whether or not the exhaust brake is used. It eliminates the need for complicated adjustment of braking force.

[Conventional technology]

A retarder has been proposed as a device for applying a braking force to a vehicle. The retarder absorbs the torque and
This is converted into heat and released, and a braking force is generated by absorbing the torque.
Further, in a large vehicle such as a truck, an exhaust brake is attached to the exhaust system of the engine, and by operating this exhaust brake, the exhaust system is closed and a braking force is generated.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

If a retarder consisting of a generator is provided between the engine and the transmission, the output of the engine can be directly absorbed by this retarder. However, if the retarder is installed on the engine side of the transmission, the brake will be over-excited at low speeds. Therefore, conventionally, a person adjusts the braking force by adjusting the braking force adjusting lever. Also, when using the exhaust brake in combination with the retarder, the braking force becomes even greater, so it is necessary to weaken the braking force of the retarder.In this case also, the driver should adjust the braking force adjustment lever. It was Therefore, in the past, a complicated operation was required to adjust the braking force. In particular, when driving in urban areas, the gear position of the transmission is complicatedly changed due to stoppage or slow running by a traffic signal, etc., so that the braking force must be adjusted accordingly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a vehicle braking device that does not require a complicated adjusting operation of a braking force by a driver.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a generator, which is arranged between an engine and a transmission, and whose rotor is linked with a power line, an exhaust brake attached to an exhaust system of the engine, and a braking force of the generator. The control means controls the field current of the generator according to the gear position of the transmission and whether or not the exhaust brake is used, and the braking force of the generator and the exhaust brake are controlled. The present invention relates to a vehicular braking device characterized in that the sum of the braking forces is controlled so as to be substantially constant regardless of the gear position of the transmission.

[Action]

The field current of the generator is controlled by the control means depending on the gear position of the transmission and whether or not the exhaust brake is used, and the sum of the braking force of the generator and the braking force of the exhaust brake is almost constant regardless of the gear position of the transmission. become.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an engine 1 provided with a retarder composed of a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. The engine 1 is composed of a diesel engine for trucks, for example. A flywheel housing 2 is provided on the back side of the engine 1. At the top and bottom of the housing 2, a case 8 of a stator of an inductor generator, which will be described later, is attached. Further, a transmission 5 is arranged on the back side of the flywheel housing 2 so that the rotation speed of the engine 1 can be changed to an appropriate value and transmitted to the drive wheels via a propeller shaft 6.

Next, the structure of the retarder, which is provided in the engine 1 and includes a generator, will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a flywheel 4 housed in the housing 2 and fixed to the end of the crankshaft 3 is provided. Inductor magnetic poles 7 are provided on the outer peripheral surface at a predetermined pitch along the circumferential direction. The flywheel 4 provided with the magnetic poles 7 constitutes a rotor of an inductor type generator, and the generator constitutes a retarder of an automobile. Cases 8 are provided above and below the housing 2, and the stators of the inductor-type generator are housed in these cases 8.

As shown in FIG. 3, this stator includes a plurality of pole cores 9 arranged in the circumferential direction of the flywheel 4. The lower end of the pole core 9 is opposed to the inductor magnetic pole 7 via a minute air gap, and the upper end thereof is fixed to the cover plate of the case 8 via a stator yoke 10. An inductor coil 11 and a field coil 12 are wound around the pole core 9, respectively. The armature coil 11
Is wound over the two pole cores 9, while the field coil 12 is wound around each pole core 9.

The field coil 12 on the side of the stator having the above-described structure is connected to the battery 14 via the controller 13 shown in FIGS.
Connected with. The controller 13 has a transistor 16 as shown in FIG. 1, and the transistor 16 controls the field current.
The base of the transistor 16 is connected to the controller 17, and the controller 17 is further connected to the retarder switch 18 provided in the driver's seat. On the other hand, the armature coil 11 is connected to the load resistor 15 shown in FIG.

The controller 17 is connected to a microcomputer 21 as shown in FIG. Microcomputer 21
Is for adjusting the braking force of the retarder and is connected to the braking force adjusting device 22. And this device
An adjustment lever 23 is provided on the 22 to allow the driver to select a mode. To the microcomputer 21, the gear position of the transmission 5 and
A signal regarding whether or not the exhaust brake is operating, or a brake adjustment signal is input. Further, the microcomputer 21 is connected to a controller 24, and the controller 24 controls the operation of the exhaust brake 25.

Next, the operation of the retarder of the automobile having the above-mentioned structure will be described. For example, when an automobile equipped with this retarder goes down a long slope, the retarder switch 18 provided in the driver's seat is turned on. Then, the transistor 16 of the controller 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 becomes the control circuit.
It is switched to the conductive state by 17. Therefore the battery 14
A field current flows from the field coil 12 through the transistor 16 to the field coil 12 of the stator of the inductor-type generator.
Will be excited.

When the field coil 12 is excited in this way, the field coil 12
As shown in FIG. 3, two pole cores 9 are magnetized in opposite directions to each other, and a pair of pole cores 9 wound with a common armature coil 11 are magnetized so as to have mutually different polarities. . Therefore, at a certain moment, the magnetic circuit 35 shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 is formed, and when the flywheel 4 rotates and the inductor magnetic pole 7 moves by an angle corresponding to the pitch of the pole core 9, A magnetic circuit 36 is formed as shown by the chain line in FIG.

The magnetic fluxes passing through these magnetic circuits 35 and 36 both interlink with the armature coil 11, and the directions of the magnetic fluxes passing through the two magnetic circuits 35 and 36 are reversed. Therefore, an electromotive force is induced in the armature coil 11 by this change in the magnetic flux, and this inductor-type generator generates electricity. This means that the engine 1 or the vehicle drives the flywheel 4, and the work done at this time is absorbed as a braking force. Therefore, the vehicle receives braking force due to the power generation of this inductor type generator,
It will be slowed down. The power generation output at this time is consumed by the load resistor 15 shown in FIG.

The retarder composed of the generator that brakes the vehicle in this way is used in combination with the exhaust brake 25 shown in FIG. 1. Therefore, the retarder is controlled according to whether or not the exhaust brake 25 is used. I try to adjust the power. Further, the retarder is designed to be incorporated in the flywheel housing 2, and the engine 1
And between the transmission 5 and
The braking force is automatically adjusted by the microcomputer 21 according to the gear position of the transmission 5. This automatic adjustment operation is performed when the driver switches the adjusting lever 23 of the braking force adjusting device 22 to any of the AUTO, LOW, and HIGH positions.

To explain this operation in more detail, the microcomputer 21 reads the mode selected by the lever 23 of the braking force adjusting device 22, and also the gear position of the transmission 5, the presence / absence of the operation of the exhaust brake 25, and information regarding the brake adjusting signal. Will be read respectively. And, in particular, the microcomputer 21 controls the gear position of the transmission 5 and the exhaust brake 25.
The braking force of the retarder is adjusted according to the presence / absence of operation of the retarder. As shown in FIG.
A constant braking force is obtained regardless of whether 25 is activated or not.

Now, the braking torques of the exhaust brake and the retarder are Te and Tr, respectively, and the gear ratios of the transmission 5 from the 3rd speed to the 6th speed are i ₃ , i ₄ , i ₅ , i _{6 respectively.}
Then, the microcomputer 21 calculates the controller 17 so that Te · i ₃ = (Te + Tr) · i ₄ Te · i ₃ = (Te + Tr) · i ₅ Te · i ₃ = (Te + Tr) · i _6. The field current flowing through the field coil 12 of the retarder is controlled via the above. When the lever 23 of the braking force adjusting device 22 is switched to AUTO, the braking force shown by the solid line in FIG. 4 is obtained. On the other hand, when the lever 23 is switched to the LOW position, the braking force shown by the chain line is obtained. When the lever 23 is switched to the HIGH position, the braking force shown by the dotted line is obtained.

Thus, according to the braking device of the present embodiment, the adjusting device
If the position of lever 23 of 22 is switched to one of AUTO, LOW, and HIGH positions, regardless of the change of the gear position of the transmission 5, or the exhaust brake again.
Regardless of whether 25 is used or not, a total braking force can be obtained. Therefore, the driver does not need to perform the adjustment by the brake force adjusting lever 23, and the driver is relieved from the complicated adjusting operation. Therefore, even in the case where there are many stoppages due to traffic lights or slow running, such as when driving in urban areas, it is possible to omit complicated operations for selecting the brake position according to the gear position of the transmission 5, and It is possible to apply a braking force with a constant acceleration.

[Effect of device]

As described above, the present invention controls the field current of the generator according to the gear position of the transmission and whether or not the exhaust brake is used, and the sum of the braking force of the generator and the braking force of the exhaust brake is controlled by the control means. The control is performed so that it becomes almost constant regardless of the gear position of.

Therefore, when braking the vehicle using both the generator and the exhaust brake, the sum of the braking forces of both can be automatically made constant regardless of the gear position of the transmission. This eliminates the need for the driver to adjust the braking force, which frees the user from complicated operations.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a vehicle braking device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of a retarder provided in this vehicle, and FIG. Fourth
The figure is a graph showing changes in braking force. In the reference numerals used in the drawings, 1 ... Engine 2 ... Flywheel housing 5 ... Transmission 7 ... Inductor magnetic pole 11 ... Armature coil 12 ... Field coil 21 ... Microcomputer 22 ... Braking force Adjusting device 23 …… Adjusting lever 25 …… Exhaust brake.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A generator, which is arranged between an engine and a transmission, and whose rotor is linked to a power line, an exhaust brake attached to an exhaust system of the engine, and a braking force of the generator. The control means controls the field current of the generator according to the gear position of the transmission and whether or not the exhaust brake is used, and the braking force of the generator and the exhaust are controlled. A braking device for a vehicle, wherein the sum of braking forces of the brakes is controlled to be substantially constant regardless of the gear position of the transmission.