JPH06147157A - Vane type compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To suitably urge a vane toward the wall surface of a cylinder bore without increasing the power consumption, by locating a ring-like resilient member in a storage recess formed in a part of a rotor which is opposed to a side plate, and by loosely fitting the resilient member onto a vane. CONSTITUTION:A rotor 2 is located rotatably in a cylinder bore 10 in a cylinder block 1 opened at opposite ends, a vane 3 is extendable and retractable from and into the rotor 2 and having a leading end making slide contact with a wall surface 11 partitioning the cylinder bore 10, and the opened end faces of the cylinder block 1 are blocked by side plates 4, 5. Further, at least one of the side plates 4, 5 has a rotary part 41 serving as a volume changing mechanism, and a ring-like resilient member 9 is located in each of storage recess parts 23, 24 formed in parts of the side plates 4, 5 which are opposed to the rotor 2, so that the ring-like resilient member 9 is loosely fitted onto the vane 2. A suitable urging force and a force for restraining the centrifugal force exerted to the vane 3 are always urged to the vane 3 by the resilient member 9, irrespective of the degree of the volume and the degree of the rotational speed of the compressor.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable capacity vane compressor used in a vehicle air conditioner or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional variable displacement vane type compressor has a cylinder bore and has both end surfaces open, a rotor rotatably disposed in the cylinder bore, and a rotor which can freely move in and out of the rotor. A vane having a tip slidably contacting a wall surface defining the cylinder bore; and a side plate closing both opening end faces of the cylinder block. At least one of the side plates is a rotation mechanism forming a capacity varying mechanism. Have a part (for example,
Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-77394 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-55836).

In the conventional capacity-variable vane compressor, means for preventing the chattering of the vanes are taken. As this means, a guide groove for restricting vane protrusion is provided on the side plate, and a projection formed on the vane is fitted into the guide groove to restrict the movement of the vane, or a spring, oil pressure, gas pressure There is a method of restricting the movement of the vane by applying pressure such as the above to the back surface of the vane.

[0004]

However, in the method of fitting the projection of the vane into the guide groove, the positional accuracy of the guide groove and the accuracy of the length from the projection of the vane to the tip of the vane in accordance with the cylinder shape, and A very high precision is required between the groove width and the projection width, and if this is realized, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the variable capacity vane compressor will rise. In addition, the method of applying pressure such as spring, oil pressure, gas pressure, etc. to the back surface of the vane restricts the vane only in the direction in which the tip of the vane is pressed against the wall surface that partitions the cylinder bore, so the tip of the vane is more than necessary on the cylinder bore wall surface. There is a problem that it will be worn against the inner surface of the cylinder and the tip of the vane due to being pressed against the cylinder, which will have a serious adverse effect on durability and sealing performance. There is.

Further, regardless of the capacity, the wear of the tip of the vane and the inner surface of the cylinder and the horsepower consumption are increased by the excessive biasing force applied to the vane by the centrifugal force and the back pressure of the vane at a high speed. A problem occurs, and further, even when the capacity is small, the sliding loss between the tip of the vane and the inner surface of the cylinder is the same as that when the capacity is large, so there is a problem that the consumed horsepower is not suppressed. In addition, when the capacity is small (when the discharge pressure (Pd) is low), the back pressure of the vane is not sufficient, so that there is a problem that chattering of the vane easily occurs.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to increase the manufacturing cost, to eliminate the need for a structure or mechanism for changing the pressure on the back surface of the vane in accordance with the size of the capacity, and to increase or decrease the capacity. To provide a variable capacity vane compressor capable of appropriately urging the vane against the wall surface of the cylinder bore without causing wear of the tip of the vane and the inner surface of the cylinder at high speed and increasing the consumed horsepower. is there.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a cylinder block having a cylinder bore and open at both end surfaces,
A rotor rotatably arranged in the cylinder bore,
At least one of the side plates includes a vane that is removably provided in the rotor and has a tip that is in sliding contact with a wall surface that defines the cylinder bore, and a side plate that closes both open end surfaces of the cylinder block. In a variable capacity vane compressor having a rotating portion forming a variable capacity mechanism, a storage recess is provided in a portion of the rotor facing the side plate, and a ring-shaped elastic body is disposed in the storage recess. A variable capacity vane compressor is obtained in which the elastic body is loosely fitted in the vane.

[0008]

[Function] Since the ring-shaped elastic body is loosely fitted in the vane, when the elastic body and the cylinder bore are viewed from the extension line of the rotation axis of the rotor, these shapes become similar shapes, and the center and direction of these similar shapes Also matches. This relationship remains the same during operation of the variable capacity vane compressor. Therefore, during the operation of the variable capacity vane compressor, the elastic body acts like a track for moving the vane along the wall surface that defines the cylinder bore. As a result, the vane is always provided with an appropriate biasing force and a centrifugal force suppressing force acting on the vane, regardless of the capacity and the compressor rotation speed due to the elastic body.

This elastic body is housed in a housing recess formed in the portion of the rotor facing the side plate, and the housing recess does not particularly require high precision.
Further, since the high precision is not particularly required for the loosely fitted portion of the vane and the elastic body, the manufacturing cost does not increase.

[0010]

1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity vane compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG. 1 when a side plate is removed. 3 and 4 are perspective views of vanes used in the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG.

With reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, this variable capacity vane compressor includes a cylinder block 1 and a rotor 2.
It includes a vane 3, a front side plate 4, and a rear side plate 5.

The cylinder block 1 has a cylinder bore 10
have. The cylinder bore 10 is a through hole, and thus the cylinder bore 10 opens the cylinder block 1 at both end surfaces thereof. The shape of the space generated by the cylinder bore 10 is an elliptic cylinder.

The rotor 2 has a cylindrical shape and is rotatably arranged in the cylinder bore 10. The rotor 2 has vane grooves 20 formed radially. Also, the rotor 2
A through hole 21 is formed in the shaft coaxially with the rotation axis. The rotary shaft 22 is inserted through the through hole 21.

The vane 3 has a substantially plate-like shape and is inserted into the vane groove 20 of the rotor 2 so as to be retractable. As a result, the vane 3 is arranged so as to be able to move in and out of the rotor 2, and the tip of the vane 3 is in sliding contact with the wall surface 11 that defines the cylinder bore 10.

The front side plate 4 is attached to the front end surface of the cylinder block 1 and closes the opening of this end surface. The front side plate 4 includes a front side plate body 40 and a substantially ring-shaped rotating portion 4
It consists of 1. The front side plate body 40 has a ring-shaped recess 42 on the side surface of the rotor 2. The rotating portion 41 is rotatably arranged in the recess 42. In this state, the rotor 2 of the front side plate body 40
The side surface and the rotor 2 side surface of the rotating portion 41 are formed so as to be flush with each other. The rotating portion 41 rotates about the rotation axis of the rotor 2. In addition, at the center of the front side plate body 40, the boss portion 4 having the through hole 43 is formed.
4 is formed, and the needle bearing 45 is arranged in the boss portion 44. The front side plate body 40 is connected to the rotary shaft 22 through the needle bearing 45.
The portion near the tip of is rotatably supported.

The rear side plate 5 is attached to the rear end surface of the cylinder block 1 and closes the opening of this end surface. A boss portion 51 having a through hole 50 is formed at the center of the rear side plate 5, and a needle bearing 52 is arranged in the boss portion 51. Through the needle bearing 52, the rear side plate 5
The rear end of the rotary shaft 22 is rotatably supported. The boss portion 51 is covered with a cover 53.

A housing 8 is composed of a substantially funnel-shaped front housing 6 and a substantially cup-shaped rear housing 7. In the housing 8, the rotor 2, the vanes 3, the front side plate 4, and the rear side plate 5 are integrally arranged in an assembled state, and these are coupled by bolts (not shown).

The front housing 6 has a boss portion 61 having a through hole 60, and the rotary shaft 22 is provided in the through hole 60.
The tip of the is protruding. An electromagnetic clutch (not shown) is attached to the outer periphery of the boss portion 61, and the electromagnetic clutch and the rotary shaft 22 are connected. Further, the front housing 6 has a suction port 62 formed therein. With the front housing 6 and the front side plate 4, the suction chamber 8
0 is configured. On the other hand, the rear housing 7, the cylinder block 1, and the rear side plate 5 make up the discharge chamber 81.
The rear housing 7 and the rear side plate 5 form an oil separation chamber 82. The discharge chamber 81 and the oil separation chamber 82 communicate with each other through a communication hole 50 formed in the rear side plate 5. A discharge port 70 is formed in the rear housing 7.

The two adjacent vanes 3, the wall surface 11 of the cylinder block 1, and the side surfaces of both side plates 4 and 5 constitute a plurality of compression chambers 83. Through holes 46 are formed in the front side plate body 40 of the front side plate 4. A through hole 47 is also formed in the rotating portion 41 of the front side plate 4. The through hole 47 has a larger diameter than the through hole 46. The cylinder block 1 is also provided with a through hole 12, and the rear side plate 5 side end thereof has a rear side plate 5
Is blocked by. The through hole 12 is coaxial with the through hole 46 and has the same cross-sectional shape. Further, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a through hole 13 connected to the through hole 12. These through holes 46, 47, 12, 13 form a suction passage that connects the suction chamber 80 and the compression chamber 83. When the rotating portion 41 of the front side plate 4 rotates, the portion around the through hole 47 acts like a shutter that opens and closes the through hole 46 and the through hole 12, so that the cross sectional area of the suction passage is It changes when the rotating unit 41 rotates. In addition, the through hole 47 of the rotating portion 41
Bypasses adjacent compression chambers 83 until they are somewhere due to rotation of rotor 2. When this bypass is completed, the compression of the fluid (in the present embodiment, the refrigerant gas) starts in the preceding compression chamber 83. The bypass end timing, that is, the compression start timing, changes when the rotating portion 41 rotates and the position of the through hole 47 changes, while the discharge start timing is constant. As described above, when the rotating portion 41 rotates, the cross-sectional area of the suction passage and the compression start timing change, and as a result, the discharge capacity changes. In this way, the rotating portion 41 of the front side plate 4 constitutes a capacity varying mechanism. In the present embodiment, the front side plate 4 is provided with the rotating portion 41 that constitutes the variable capacity mechanism, but it is of course possible to provide the rear side plate 5 with the rotating portion, and in addition, In order to improve the suction efficiency, it is possible to provide a rotating portion on each of the side plates.

A cylinder bore 40a is formed in the front side plate body 40, and a piston 48 is inserted in the cylinder bore 40a. The piston 48 is biased in one direction by a coil spring (not shown). A fitting hole 48a is formed in the piston 48. On the other hand, a pin 49 is planted in the rotating portion 41, and the pin 49 is fitted into the fitting hole 48 a of the piston 48 through the arc groove 40 b formed in the front side plate body 40. Piston 48
Changes its position according to the suction pressure and the discharge pressure, and the movement of the piston 48 at this time is transmitted to the rotating portion 41 of the front side plate 4 via the pin 49. As a result, the rotating portion 41 rotates according to the suction pressure and the discharge pressure, and the discharge capacity is controlled. In this way, the piston 48, the pin 49, etc. constitute a control mechanism.

A circular storage recess 23 is provided in a portion of the rotor 2 facing the front side plate 4. Similarly, a circular storage recess 24 is also provided in a portion of the rotor 2 facing the rear side plate 5. A ring-shaped elastic body 9 is arranged in each of the storage recesses 23 and 24. The elastic body 9 of this embodiment is
Although it has a belt-like shape, it may have a coil spring as a ring.

On the other hand, both side edge portions of the vane 3 are provided with storage recesses 2
3, 24 projecting. As is clear from FIG. 3, fitting grooves 30 are formed in the lower portions of both side edge portions of the vane 3. The elastic body 9 is loosely fitted in the fitting groove 30. As a result, the elastic body 9 is loosely fitted in the vane 3. Therefore, the vane 3 is not fixed to the elastic body 9, and the vane 3 can move with respect to the elastic body 9. The vane 3 is urged by the elastic body 9 and its protrusion is restricted.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the vane in the second embodiment.

Since this embodiment has substantially the same structure as the first embodiment except for the vanes, only the parts different from the structure of the first embodiment will be described.

The vane 3 has a notch 32 formed at the center of the lower edge (the edge on the center side of the rotor). By configuring the vane 3 in this manner, the thickness of the portion shown in FIG. 1A can be increased, and as a result, the strength of the rotor 2 can be increased.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a variable capacity vane compressor of the third embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a front view of the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG. 5 with a side plate removed. .

The variable capacity vane compressor of this embodiment is
Since it has substantially the same configuration as the variable capacity vane compressor of the first embodiment, the description will focus on the parts different from the first embodiment. In the structure of this embodiment, the same parts as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment.

With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the front side plate 4 of this embodiment comprises a front side plate body 40, a rotating portion 41, and a ring portion 400. The ring portion 400 is arranged along the outer peripheral portion of the front side plate body 40, whereby the recess 42 is formed on the side surface of the rotor 2 of the front side plate body 40. In the concave portion 42, the rotating portion 41 is rotatably arranged as in the first embodiment. Through holes 46 are formed in the front side plate body 40. A cutout 401 is formed in the rotating portion 41. A through hole 402 is formed in the ring portion 400. The cylinder block 1 is also formed with a through hole 12, and the rear side plate 5 side end thereof is closed by the rear side plate 5. The through hole 12 is coaxial with the through hole 46 and has the same cross-sectional shape. Further, the cylinder block 1 is provided with a through hole 13 connected to the through hole 12.
With these through holes 46, 402, 12, 13, the suction chamber 8
A suction passage that connects 0 and the compression chamber 83 is configured. In the case of the present embodiment, the rotating portion 41 does not have a function of narrowing the suction passage, and the rotating portion 41 is disposed adjacent to the compression chamber 8
It has only the function of bypassing 3 until they come to a certain position by the rotation of the rotor 2. Therefore, in the case of the present embodiment, the compression start timing is changed by rotating the rotating portion 41, and thereby the discharge capacity is changed.

A circular storage recess 23 is provided in a portion of the rotor 2 facing the front side plate 4. Similarly, a circular storage recess 24 is also provided in a portion of the rotor 2 facing the rear side plate 5. A ring-shaped elastic body 9 is arranged in each of the storage recesses 23 and 24.

Five vanes 3 are provided on the rotor 2 so that they can freely move in and out. An elastic body 9 is loosely fitted to each vane 3 as in the first embodiment.

[0031]

The urging means for the vane of the present invention is constituted by forming a storage recess in the rotor, arranging an elastic body therein, and connecting the elastic body and the vane. With such a simple structure, the manufacturing cost of the variable capacity vane compressor does not increase. Moreover, in spite of such a simple configuration, the present invention always provides an appropriate biasing force and a centrifugal force acting on the vane to the vane regardless of the size of the capacity and the number of rotations of the compressor. A suppressing force can be applied, and it is possible to suppress chattering of the vane, wear of the tip of the vane and the inner surface of the cylinder, and an increase in horsepower consumption.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a variable capacity vane compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG. 1 when a side plate is removed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vane used in the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a vane according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a variable capacity vane compressor of a third embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the variable capacity vane compressor shown in FIG. 5 when a side plate is removed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder block 2 Rotor 3 Vane 4 Front side plate 5 Rear side plate 9 Elastic body 10 Cylinder bore 11 Wall surface 23 Storage recess 24 Storage recess 41 Rotating part

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylinder block having a cylinder bore, both end surfaces of which are open, a rotor rotatably arranged in the cylinder bore, and a rotor which can be retracted from the rotor,
The vane includes a vane whose tip is slidably in contact with a wall surface defining the cylinder bore, and a side plate which closes both open end faces of the cylinder block, and at least one of the side plates has a rotating portion forming a variable capacity mechanism. In the variable capacity vane compressor in use, a storage recess is provided in a portion of the rotor facing the side plate, and a ring-shaped elastic body is arranged in the storage recess. A variable capacity vane compressor characterized by being fitted.