JPH06100351A - Decorative material and decoration of building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce an artificial decorative material exhibiting the same visual appearance as a natural stone and capable of freely selecting its color and shape. CONSTITUTION:Hydraulic gypsum is blended with a setting retarder and a pigment and the resultant mixture is kneaded using an aqueous glue solution so as to prepare a decorative composition exhibiting various kinds of colors. On the other hand, a reinforcing material is prepared by mutually bonding several porous sheets 3 using gypsum 2 prepared by kneading hydraulic gypsum and a setting retarder with water and an uncoagulated decorative composition 5 is bonded to the reinforcing material while drawing a pattern on the reinforcing material. After coagulation, the surface is polished.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a decorative material, and more particularly to a decorative material used for decorating a wall surface or a pillar surface exposed inside a building and a decorative method using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, natural marble has been mainly used for decoration on the surface of building materials. Recently, patterned synthetic resins and metal plates have also been used.

[0003]

However, natural marble has problems that it is difficult to obtain a large gemstone, and if small pieces are pasted together, a seam will be created and the eyes will be obstructed, and the pattern cannot be freely selected. Synthetic resins do not have a high-class look and are flammable or generate toxic gases when burned,
There is a limitation in using it as an interior material for buildings, and a metal material has a problem that it feels cold.

An object of the present invention is to provide a decorative material for a building, which is flame-retardant, seamless, and can be freely selected in pattern having the same feeling as natural marble, and a method for decorating a building using the same.

[0005]

The present invention is a decorative material characterized in that hydraulic gypsum is mixed with a set retarder and, if necessary, a pigment, and the mixture is kneaded with an aqueous solution of glue and allowed to set. is there.

Further, according to the present invention, a porous sheet is attached to a building to be decorated, a base material prepared by kneading a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and a set retarder with water is applied, and this is repeated a plurality of times for reinforcement. A material is obtained, a setting retarder and a pigment corresponding to the color to be decorated are mixed in hydraulic gypsum, and this is kneaded with an aqueous solution of glue to obtain a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors, and the reinforcing material A building characterized by drawing a pattern with a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors on the above, finishing the surface smoothly, and consolidating the reinforcing material and the decorative material composition, and then polishing the surface of the decorative material composition. Is the decoration method.

The present invention also prepares a mold having a surface shape that matches the surface shape of a building to be decorated, coats the surface of the mold with a release agent, and sets the hydraulic plaster with a set retarder and a decoration. A pigment according to the color to be mixed is mixed, and this is kneaded with an aqueous solution of glue to obtain a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors, and the decorative material of a plurality of colors is placed on the mold coated with the release agent. Draw a pattern with the composition, affix a porous sheet on the decorative material composition with the pattern drawn, apply a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and a set retarder with water, apply a base material, and apply this multiple times. A reinforcing material is obtained by repeating, and after the decorative material composition and the reinforcing material are solidified, these are peeled from the form to obtain a decorative panel, the decorative panel is mounted on the building to be decorated, and then the decorative panel surface It is a method of decorating a building, which is characterized by polishing.

Further, the present invention prepares a formwork having a surface shape that matches the surface shape of the building to be decorated, and provides a sheet body on which the rough sketch of the building to be decorated is drawn. Paste, put a synthetic resin protective sheet having translucency on the sheet body, apply a release agent to the surface of the protective sheet,
Corresponding to the rough sketch while looking at the rough sketch from the protective sheet coated with the release agent, a pattern is drawn with the decorative material composition of a plurality of colors, and the porous sheet is placed on the decorative material composition having the pattern. A base material prepared by kneading a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and a set retarder with water, and repeating this several times to obtain a reinforcing material, and after the decorative material composition and the reinforcing material have set, these are It is characterized in that the decorative panel is peeled off from the form, the decorative panel is mounted on the building to be decorated, and then the surface of the decorative panel is polished.

According to the present invention, one pattern is formed by a plurality of decorative panels, the patterns are matched with each other, and the plurality of decorative panels are attached to a building to be decorated. Embedding the decorative material composition in a plurality of colors in an uncongealed state so that the patterns of these decorative panels are continuous, and after the embedded decorative material composition is condensed, the surface of the entire decorative panel is polished. Is characterized by.

[0010]

According to the present invention, the present decorative material is a mixture of hydraulic gypsum, a set retarder and a pigment, which is kneaded and coagulated with an aqueous solution of glue. Here, the hydraulic gypsum serves as a base material for the present decorative material. The setting retarder delays the setting of hydraulic gypsum, and by adding it, the setting time is about 3 to 5 hours (about 2 to 5 hours for the one without addition).
0 minutes), during which the operations described below can be performed. The pigment colors the present decorative material, and various colored decorative materials can be manufactured depending on the type and amount thereof. Further, when manufacturing the white decorative material, the pigment is not mixed. The glue has the effect of increasing the affinity of hydraulic gypsum with water and the effect of slowing the setting.

There are various theories about the setting process of hydraulic gypsum. In summary, hydraulic gypsum is composed of hemihydrate gypsum (CaSO ₄ .1 / 2H ₂ O) and anhydrous gypsum (CaS).
It is a mixture of O ₄ ). When kneading this hydraulic gypsum with water,
Hemihydrate gypsum and anhydrous gypsum are soluble in water and become insoluble dihydrate gypsum (CaSO ₄ .2H ₂ O). The precipitate of dihydrate gypsum is acicular crystals, and the crystals grow with the formation of the precipitates and cross each other to form a network structure. At this time, heat generation and expansion are involved. Also, if the water content is high, excess water will enter the network and reduce the hardness of the gypsum. In addition to this, a part of anhydrous gypsum has β type which is insoluble in water, which also causes a decrease in hardness after hardening. In addition, since soluble hemihydrate gypsum and anhydrous gypsum have different degrees of setting and expansion depending on their types, the raw material of this decorative material does not have a pattern distortion and has a small degree of expansion β-.
It is preferred to use mold hemihydrate gypsum alone. The amount of water used for kneading is preferably a theoretical value according to the following reaction formula.

CaSO ₄ .1 / 2H ₂ O + 3 / 2H ₂ O =
CaSO ₄ .2H ₂ O However, since the affinity between hydraulic gypsum and water is not so good, it is difficult to carry out kneading with such a small amount of water. Therefore, use hydraulic gypsum and an aqueous solution of glue that has an affinity for water, and knead with the amount of water as close to the theoretical amount as possible. It should be noted that the glue may be made from animal bones such as a rabbit and a rabbit by a known method.

The setting retarders are potassium citrate, ammonium phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose (CM
C) is used. This surrounds the crystal-forming nuclei and hinders their growth, which is considered to delay the setting.

When the decorative material produced as described above is used for the actual decoration of a building, its thickness is about 5 mm. Therefore, a reinforcing material is used on the back surface. As the reinforcing material, natural fibers such as hemp, artificial fibers such as nylon and vinylon, glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers and the like are woven with a coarse mesh to form a sheet, which is hardened with ordinary plaster. Since the woven cloth is hardened with 2 to 5 sheets of laminated gypsum, the thickness of the reinforcing material is about 10 to 20 mm, although it depends on the size.

The decorative material produced by the above method is hard and tough after setting. After it is attached to a building, its surface is polished to give gloss.

[0016]

The present invention will be described in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1 To 100 parts by weight of hydraulic gypsum mainly composed of β-type hemihydrate gypsum, 1.0 to 1.2 parts by weight of a setting retarder such as CMC and a pigment were added and mixed well. The type and mixing amount of the pigment differ depending on the type of color of the decorative material to be manufactured and its shade. On the other hand, an aqueous solution of glue was prepared by dissolving 2.5 g of glue in 100 g of water, and 100 parts by weight of the mixture and 30 to 30 parts of glue aqueous solution.
40 parts by weight were mixed well and kneaded to obtain a decorative material composition. This decorative material composition was solidified in about 3 hours after kneading.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining an embodiment using the method of the present invention.

An anchor bolt 4 for mounting a decorative material is embedded in a building to be decorated, for example, a concrete wall 7. A porous sheet, for example, a woven fabric 3 woven with hemp coarse mesh was attached to this, and hydraulic setting plaster was mixed with a set retarder (the same as those used in Example 1) and kneaded with water (hereinafter 2), which is simply referred to as "gypsum", is applied to the extent that it oozes from the top of the woven fabric 3 to the back thereof, and then the second woven fabric 3 is applied and gypsum 3 is applied again to obtain a reinforcing material. The unsolidified decorative material composition 5 produced by the method of Example 1 in various colors is stuck on the surface of the gypsum 2 by pressing with a finger until the gypsum 2 is set. The size of the decorative material composition 5 to be applied varies depending on the pattern, but it varies from a spherical shape having a diameter of about 1 cm to a hand-held size 5b according to the pattern, and the shape is further adjusted with a bamboo stick or the like. Decorative material composition 5 over the entire surface of the plaster 2
After finishing, the surface is finished to be a substantially flat surface, and after the plaster 2 and the decorative material composition 5 are completely solidified, the surface of the decorative material composition 5 is ground to a polishing line 6 to remove the surface. Grind.

Since the decorative material 1 is attached to the wall surface 7 by several anchor bolts 4 as described above, and is reinforced by the reinforcing material composed of the woven cloth 3 and the plaster 2, it becomes hard and tough. .

Embodiment 3 FIG. 2 is a sectional view for explaining another embodiment using the method of the present invention.

The formwork 17 is made according to the shape of the building to be decorated, for example the wall. When the wall is flat, the form 17 is also flat. A release agent is applied onto this, and the uncoagulated decoration material composition 15 produced by the method of Example 1 in various colors is applied onto the release agent in conformity with the pattern. The size of the decorative material composition 15 to be applied is the same as that described in Example 2, and if the decorative material composition 15 is completely applied over the entire defined range of the mold 17, the decorative material composition 15 is applied thereto. Gypsum 13 produced by the same method as in Example 2 is applied, woven fabric 12 is applied, gypsum 13 is applied, woven fabric 12 is applied, and gypsum 13 is applied. When the above work is completed, the decorative material 11 is peeled off from the mold 17 after waiting for the plaster 13 and the decorative material composition 15 to be completely solidified to obtain a decorative panel. This decorative panel is attached to a building to be decorated with anchor bolts and the like, and the surface of the decorative panel is polished.

The workability of the third embodiment is better than that of the second embodiment, whereas the second embodiment requires the use of a ladder or the like when working on a high portion such as a wall surface.
The third embodiment is that it can be performed on a mold that is easy to work.
Further, since the work is performed on a vertical surface, the gypsum hangs downward due to gravity, which makes it difficult to make the thickness of the reinforcing material uniform. In addition, it is possible to omit processes such as cutting a part of the decorative material.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view for explaining still another embodiment using the method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a building to be decorated with the decoration material 21 manufactured in this embodiment. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the process of the seam 30 when attached to the pillar 20 which is this.

The formwork 27 is made by fitting the building to be decorated, for example, the pillar 20 into quarters. On top of that, stick the quartered portion 28 of the sheet on which the rough sketch to be drawn on the pillar 20 is written with glue or the like. Further, a synthetic resin plate having a light-transmitting property, such as an FRP plate 29, which matches the shape of the mold 27, is placed thereon, and a release agent is applied onto the FRP plate 29. FRP board 2
The decorative material composition 25 produced by the method of Example 1 in various colors from above 9 is attached in accordance with the pattern of the sketch by pressing with a finger. The size of the decorative material composition 25 to be applied is the same as that described in Example 2, and when the decorative material composition 25 is completely applied to the entire surface of the predetermined range of the form 27, the decorative material composition 25 is applied to it. Apply plaster 23 produced in the same manner as in Example 2,
The woven cloth 22 is applied, the gypsum 23 is further applied, the woven cloth 22 is applied, and the gypsum 23 is applied. When the above work is completed, the decorative material 21 is peeled from the FRP plate 29 after the gypsum 23 and the decorative material composition 25 are completely solidified to obtain a decorative panel.

When the four decorative panels 21a, 21b, 21c and 21d manufactured as described above are attached to the pillar 20 to be decorated by the anchor bolts 24, as shown in FIG. A seam 30 of 21b, 21c, 21d is created. The decorative material composition is attached here according to the surrounding color. In this case, the seam 30 need not be conspicuous if it is not linear as shown in FIG. When the repair of the seam is completed, the decoration material composition used for the seam is sufficiently solidified, and then the entire surface of the decoration material 21 is polished to finish the surface.
In this way, the round pillar has a gorgeous appearance made by cutting out a large stone.

Other Examples In the above examples, hemp was used as the woven fabric for the reinforcing material, but the present invention is not limited to this. Further, the number of woven fabrics is not limited to two. Also, the flat wall surface can be divided to make a decorative material, and this can be spliced, and it may be divided into any number of top, bottom, left and right.

The building to be decorated is not limited to the interior of a wall or a pillar, and may be used for the exterior of the building or may be used for an indoor ornamental ornament.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, hydraulic gypsum, a set retarder and a pigment are mixed and kneaded with an aqueous solution of glue to obtain hard gypsum crystals. A building can be decorated by using it as a non-combustible decoration material. This decorative material can be made in any color and shape.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an embodiment using the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view for explaining another embodiment using the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view for explaining still another embodiment using the method of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows several decorative material panels 21a, 21b, 21c,
It is a perspective view for explaining processing of joint 30 when 21d is attached to pillar 20.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,11,21 Decorative material 2,12,22 Gypsum 3,13,23 Porous sheet 5,15,25 Decorative material composition 7 Walls 17,27 Formwork 20 Columns 21a, 21b, 21c, 21d Decorative panel 28 Draft Sheet 29 translucent synthetic resin plate 30 seam

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A decorative material characterized in that a setting retarder and, if necessary, a pigment are mixed with hydraulic gypsum, and the mixture is kneaded with an aqueous solution of glue and allowed to set. 2. A reinforcing sheet is obtained by pasting a porous sheet on a building to be decorated, applying a base material prepared by kneading a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and a set retarder with water, and repeating this a plurality of times. , Mixing set retarder and a pigment according to the color to be decorated in hydraulic gypsum, and kneading this with an aqueous solution of glue to obtain a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors, on the reinforcing material, A method for decorating a building, characterized by drawing a pattern with a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors to finish the surface smoothly, and after the reinforcing material and the decorative material composition are condensed, the surface of the decorative material composition is polished. . 3. A formwork having a surface shape that matches the surface shape of a building to be decorated is prepared, a release agent is applied to the surface of the formwork, and a setting retarder and a color to be decorated on hydraulic gypsum. According to, mixed with an aqueous solution of glue to obtain a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors, on the mold coated with the release agent, a decorative material composition of a plurality of colors Draw a pattern, affix a porous sheet on the decorative material composition with the pattern drawn, apply a base material prepared by kneading a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and a set retarder with water, and repeat this multiple times. After the reinforcing material is obtained and the decorative material composition and the reinforcing material are solidified, they are peeled from the formwork to obtain a decorative panel, the decorative panel is mounted on the building to be decorated, and then the decorative panel surface is polished. A method of decorating a building characterized by the above. 4. A formwork having a surface shape that matches the surface shape of a building to be decorated is prepared, and a sheet body on which a rough sketch of the building to be decorated is drawn is attached onto the formwork, and a sheet is formed. A synthetic resin protective sheet having translucency is placed on the body, a release agent is applied to the surface of the protective sheet, and a plurality of sheets are provided corresponding to the sketch while looking at the sketch from the protective sheet coated with the release agent. Draw a pattern with the decorative material composition of the color of, affix a porous sheet on the decorative material composition with the pattern drawn, a base material kneaded with a mixture of hydraulic gypsum and set retarder with water Reinforcement is obtained by coating and repeating this several times, and after the decorative material composition and the reinforcing material are condensed, these are peeled from the formwork to obtain a decorative panel, and the decorative panel is placed on the building to be decorated. Installation, then polishing the decorative panel surface 4. The method according to claim 3,
How to decorate the building described. 5. A single pattern is formed by a plurality of decorative panels, the patterns are matched with each other, and the plurality of decorative panels are attached to a building to be decorated. The decorative material composition of a plurality of colors is embedded in an uncongealed state so that the pattern of the panel is continuous, and after the embedded decorative material composition is condensed, the entire surface of the decorative panel is polished. The method for decorating a building according to claim 3 or claim 4.