JPH0599829A - Quantitative measurement method of substance - Google Patents
Quantitative measurement method of substanceInfo
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- JPH0599829A JPH0599829A JP3257396A JP25739691A JPH0599829A JP H0599829 A JPH0599829 A JP H0599829A JP 3257396 A JP3257396 A JP 3257396A JP 25739691 A JP25739691 A JP 25739691A JP H0599829 A JPH0599829 A JP H0599829A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/42—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
- A61B6/4208—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector
- A61B6/4241—Arrangements for detecting radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis characterised by using a particular type of detector using energy resolving detectors, e.g. photon counting
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Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 測定対象となる物体に含まれる複数の物質
を、一つの差分計算式で簡単に検出、定量可能な物質の
定量測定法を提供することを目的とする。
【構成】 測定対象の物質Ａ、Ｂ、ＣにエネルギーＥ
１、Ｅ２を有する放射線４を照射し、その透過強度
ＩX、ＩY、ＩZをそれぞれＸ、Ｙ，Ｚの位置で測定す
る。各点の透過強度を（数７）により物質Ｃを基準とす
るエネルギー差分計算を行う。ｍAの値が正の場合、物
質Ｃより実効原子番号の大きい物質Ａが存在し、負の値
の場合、実効原子番号の小さい物質Ｂが存在するものと
して、検出することができる。
【数７】
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] An object of the present invention is to provide a quantitative measurement method of a substance capable of easily detecting and quantifying a plurality of substances contained in an object to be measured by one difference calculation formula. [Structure] Energy E is added to substances A, B, and C to be measured
Radiation 4 having the number 1 and E2 is applied, and the transmission intensities I X , I Y , and I Z are measured at the X, Y, and Z positions, respectively. The energy difference calculation with the substance C as a reference is performed by the transmission intensity of each point (Equation 7). When the value of m A is positive, the substance A having a larger effective atomic number than the substance C exists, and when the value is negative, it can be detected that the substance B having a smaller effective atomic number exists. [Equation 7]
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、放射線を用いた物質の
定量測定法に関し、特に骨密度定量装置の体成分分析法
に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively measuring a substance using radiation, and more particularly to a method for analyzing a body component of a bone density measuring device.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】物体を透過する放射線の強度から、物体
に含まれる特定の物質を定量する方法としては、従来、
２つのエネルギー帯からなる放射線を利用したエネルギ
ー差分法が用いられている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventional methods for quantifying a specific substance contained in an object based on the intensity of radiation transmitted through the object have been
An energy difference method using radiation composed of two energy bands is used.
【０００３】物体が３つの物質により構成されている場
合、次のようにして、ある特定の物質を定量する。ここ
では、図３に示す３つの物質Ａ、物質Ｂ、物質Ｃからな
る物体を測定する場合について述べる。When an object is composed of three substances, a certain substance is quantified as follows. Here, a case of measuring an object made of three substances A, B, and C shown in FIG. 3 will be described.
【０００４】エネルギー差分法を用いるため、２種類の
エネルギーＥ１、Ｅ２をもつ放射線４を照射する。Since the energy difference method is used, radiation 4 having two types of energy E1 and E2 is applied.
【０００５】エネルギーＥ１、Ｅ２の２種類を持つ放射
線４の、図３中に示すｘにおける物体透過後の強度
ＩX1、ＩX2は（数１）、（数２）で表される。The intensities I X1 and I X2 of the radiation 4 having two types of energies E1 and E2 after passing through the object at x shown in FIG. 3 are represented by (Equation 1) and (Equation 2).
【０００６】[0006]
【数１】 [Equation 1]
【０００７】[0007]
【数２】 [Equation 2]
【０００８】図３のＹにおける透過後の強度ＩY1、ＩY2
は、（数３）、（数４）で表される。Intensities I Y1 and I Y2 after transmission at Y in FIG.
Is represented by (Equation 3) and (Equation 4).
【０００９】[0009]
【数３】 [Equation 3]
【００１０】[0010]
【数４】 [Equation 4]
【００１１】同様に、図３中に示すＺにおける透過後の
強度ＩZ1、ＩZ2は、（数５）、（数６）で表される。Similarly, the intensities I Z1 and I Z2 after transmission in Z shown in FIG. 3 are expressed by ( Equation 5) and (Equation 6).
【００１２】[0012]
【数５】 [Equation 5]
【００１３】[0013]
【数６】 [Equation 6]
【００１４】ただし、μA1、μA2、μB1、μB2、μC1、
μC2は物質Ａ、Ｂ、ＣのエネルギーＥ１、Ｅ２における
質量減弱係数、Ｉ01、Ｉ02を物質に照射されるエネルギ
ーＥ１、Ｅ２の放射線強度、ρA、ρB、ρCは物質Ａ、
物質Ｂ、物質Ｃの密度、ＴA、ＴB、ＴC、は物質Ａ、
Ｂ、Ｃの厚さを表す。また、ＴC’、ＴC”はそれぞれ次
式で示されるものである。However, μ A1 , μ A2 , μ B1 , μ B2 , μ C1 ,
μ C2 is the mass attenuation coefficient of the energies E1 and E2 of the substances A, B and C, the radiation intensity of the energies E1 and E2 with which the substance is irradiated with I 01 and I 02 , ρ A , ρ B and ρ C are the substance A,
The densities of substances B and C, T A , T B , and T C are substance A,
Indicates the thickness of B and C. Further, T C ′ and T C ″ are respectively expressed by the following equations.
【００１５】ＴC’＝ＴC−ＴA ＴC”＝ＴC−ＴB エネルギー差分計算により、物質Ｃの計算結果が０とな
るように消去し、物質Ａ１の密度を求める。（数１）、
（数２）の２つの式から、エネルギー差分法により物質
Ａ１の単位面積当りの密度ｍAは、（数７）として得ら
れる。T C ′ = T C −T A T C ″ = T C −T B By the energy difference calculation, the substance C is erased so that the calculation result becomes 0, and the density of the substance A1 is obtained (Equation 1). ),
From the two equations of (Equation 2), the density m A per unit area of the substance A1 is obtained as (Equation 7) by the energy difference method.
【００１６】[0016]
【数７】 [Equation 7]
【００１７】（数７）に（数３）、（数４）を適用する
と、ｍAは０となり、物質Ａのみの密度が得られている
ことがわかる。By applying (Equation 3) and (Equation 4) to (Equation 7), m A becomes 0, and it can be seen that the density of only the substance A is obtained.
【００１８】同様に、物質Ｂ２の単位面積当りの密度ｍ
Bは（数８）で求められる。Similarly, the density m of the substance B2 per unit area is
B is calculated by (Equation 8).
【００１９】[0019]
【数８】 [Equation 8]
【００２０】従来は、以上の方法により、物体中の物質
の定量測定を行っていた。Conventionally, the substance in an object is quantitatively measured by the above method.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の方法では、物質それぞれについて計算式を変えなけれ
ばならない。このため、複数の物質を含む場合において
は一度の計算により、それぞれの定量することができな
いという問題点を有していた。However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the calculation formula has to be changed for each substance. For this reason, when a plurality of substances are contained, there is a problem that the respective amounts cannot be quantified by one calculation.
【００２２】本発明は上記の欠点を解決するもので、１
つの計算式で複数の物質を定量し得る定量測定法を提供
することを目的とする。The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a quantitative measurement method capable of quantifying a plurality of substances with one calculation formula.
【００２３】[0023]
【課題を解決するための手段】この目的を達成するため
に本発明では、エネルギー差分法により計算した結果の
負の値をも利用し、物質の定量を行う。In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, the substance is quantified by using the negative value of the result calculated by the energy difference method.
【００２４】[0024]
【作用】エネルギー差分した後の正の値、負の値の両方
を利用することにより、１つの計算式で複数の物質を定
量することができる。By using both the positive value and the negative value after the energy difference, it is possible to quantify a plurality of substances with one calculation formula.
【００２５】詳細は後述するが、例えば、（数７）によ
るエネルギー差分計算結果は物質Ｂを含む部分は負の
値、物質Ａを含む部分は正の値となるため、計算結果の
正負の判定を行えば、そこに含まれる物質の判定を容易
に行うことができるのである。As will be described in detail later, for example, the energy difference calculation result by (Equation 7) has a negative value in the portion containing the substance B and a positive value in the portion containing the substance A, and therefore the positive / negative judgment of the calculation result is made. By carrying out, it is possible to easily determine the substance contained therein.
【００２６】[0026]
【実施例】図３に示すような３種類の物質からなる物体
の場合、次のようにして行うことができる。EXAMPLE In the case of an object composed of three kinds of substances as shown in FIG. 3, it can be carried out as follows.
【００２７】物体の各部を透過したエネルギーＥ１、Ｅ
２の放射線の強度Ｉ1、Ｉ2について（数７）の差分計算
を行う。すなわち、物質Ｂを含むと思われる部分の透過
強度もすべて（数７）の式で差分計算を行う。Energy E1, E transmitted through each part of the object
The difference calculation of (Equation 7) is performed for the radiation intensities I 1 and I 2 of 2 . That is, the difference calculation is also performed for all the transmission intensities of the portion that seems to contain the substance B using the equation (7).
【００２８】物質Ｂを含む部分については、（数７）の
ｌｎ（ＩX1／Ｉ01）、ｌｎ（ＩX2／Ｉ02）の代わりに、
（数５）、（数６）から得られるｌｎ（ＩZ1／Ｉ01）、
ｌｎ（ＩZ2／Ｉ02）を代入すると、（数９）となる。Regarding the portion containing the substance B, instead of ln (I X1 / I 01 ), ln (I X2 / I 02 ) in (Equation 7),
In (I Z1 / I 01 ), which is obtained from (Equation 5) and (Equation 6),
Substituting ln (I Z2 / I 02 ) gives (Equation 9).
【００２９】[0029]
【数９】 [Equation 9]
【００３０】上式において、μB1／μB2がＲｃより小さ
い値の場合、差分した結果のｍA’は負の値を示す。物
質Ａの部分は、（数７）が物質Ａを定量するためのエネ
ルギー差分計算式であるため、差分計算後の値が正にな
る。In the above equation, when μ B1 / μ B2 is a value smaller than Rc, m A ′ of the difference result shows a negative value. In the part of the substance A, (Formula 7) is an energy difference calculation formula for quantifying the substance A, and therefore the value after the difference calculation is positive.
【００３１】したがって、（数７）によるエネルギー差
分計算結果は物質Ｂを含む部分は負の値、物質Ａを含む
部分は正の値となるため、計算結果の正負の判定を行え
ば、そこに含まれる物質の判定を容易に行うことができ
る。Therefore, the energy difference calculation result of (Equation 7) has a negative value in the part containing the substance B and a positive value in the part containing the substance A. Therefore, if the calculation result is judged to be positive or negative, The contained substances can be easily determined.
【００３２】一般に、ｋ吸収端を含まないエネルギー範
囲では、低エネルギーの減弱係数と高エネルギーの減弱
係数の比は実効原子番号が大きいほど大きくなる。よっ
て、エネルギー差分結果が正の値を示す場合、その部分
には、消去した物質（ここでは物質Ｃ）より、原子番号
または実効原子番号の大きい物質が含まれ、負の値を示
す部分には原子番号または実効原子番号の小さい物質が
含まれると同定できる。Generally, in the energy range not including the k-absorption edge, the ratio of the low energy attenuation coefficient to the high energy attenuation coefficient increases as the effective atomic number increases. Therefore, when the energy difference result shows a positive value, that part contains a substance having a larger atomic number or effective atomic number than the erased substance (here, substance C), and the portion showing a negative value It can be identified as containing a substance having a small atomic number or effective atomic number.
【００３３】また、物質Ｂの単位面積当りの密度ｍ
Bは、（数１０）により得られる。Further, the density m of the substance B per unit area is
B is obtained by (Equation 10).
【００３４】[0034]
【数１０】 [Equation 10]
【００３５】以上により、同一の式（数７）により、複
数の物質の密度を得ることができる。以下、本発明を実
施例に基づき詳細に説明する。From the above, the densities of a plurality of substances can be obtained by the same equation (Equation 7). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
【００３６】本実施例では、人体の骨、脂肪の量を定量
する場合について述べる。図１は人体腰部の断面図であ
る。図１に示すように、人体の腰部は骨１１、筋肉１
２、脂肪１３の３つの物質から構成されているとする。In this embodiment, the case of quantifying the amount of bone and fat in the human body will be described. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a human waist. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower back of the human body has 11 bones and 1 muscle.
It is assumed that it is composed of three substances of 2 and fat 13.
【００３７】これを、図２に示す測定系でＸ線の透過情
報を計測する。この測定系はＸ線源２１、Ｘ線ラインセ
ンサ２２および演算装置２３により構成され、Ｘ線源２
１と同期してＸ線ラインセンサ２２を走査することによ
り、２次元の測定を行うことができる。The X-ray transmission information is measured using the measurement system shown in FIG. This measurement system is composed of an X-ray source 21, an X-ray line sensor 22 and an arithmetic unit 23.
By scanning the X-ray line sensor 22 in synchronization with 1, two-dimensional measurement can be performed.
【００３８】Ｘ線源２１の直下には、ｋエッジフィルタ
２４が設けられている。ｋエッジフィルタ２４は、Ｇｄ
により作製されており、これによりＸ線源２１から放射
されるファンビームＸ線２６は２つのエネルギーに分離
され、測定対象２５に照射される。Ｘ線管の管電圧が１
００ｋＶの場合、実効エネルギーが４５ｋｅＶと７５ｋ
ｅＶに分離される。それぞれのエネルギーのＸ線強度
を、光子計数法を用いてＸ線ラインセンサ２２を走査し
て測定した。A k-edge filter 24 is provided immediately below the X-ray source 21. The k-edge filter 24 has a Gd
The fan beam X-rays 26 radiated from the X-ray source 21 are separated into two energies and are irradiated onto the measurement target 25. The tube voltage of the X-ray tube is 1
In case of 00kV, effective energy is 45keV and 75kV
It is separated into eV. The X-ray intensity of each energy was measured by scanning the X-ray line sensor 22 using the photon counting method.
【００３９】各々のエネルギーにおける各部のカウント
数の測定結果を（表１）に示す。簡単ために、図１に示
す３点についてのみ（表１）に示した。点Ｘは筋肉と骨
を、点Ｙは筋肉のみ、点Ｚは筋肉と脂肪を透過したＸ線
強度が測定される。The measurement results of the count number of each part at each energy are shown in (Table 1). For simplicity, only the three points shown in FIG. 1 are shown in (Table 1). The X-ray intensity transmitted through the muscle and the bone at the point X, the muscle only at the point Y, and the muscle and the fat at the point Z is measured.
【００４０】[0040]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００４１】この測定結果から、筋肉を基準として消去
し骨の単位面積当りの密度ｍboneを算出するエネルギー
差分計算をすべての領域について行った。すなわち、
（数７）における物質Ｃを筋肉とし、物質Ａを骨とし、
（表２）に示す減弱係数を用いてｍA（ｍbone）を計算
した。（表２）には、計算に用いる物体を透過する前の
Ｘ線強度Ｉ0やＲｃをあわせて示す。From this measurement result, an energy difference calculation was carried out for all regions to erase the muscle as a reference and calculate the density m bone of bone per unit area. That is,
The substance C in (Equation 7) is a muscle, the substance A is a bone,
It was calculated m A (m bone) using the attenuation coefficients shown in (Table 2). Table 2 also shows the X-ray intensity I 0 and Rc before passing through the object used for the calculation.
【００４２】[0042]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００４３】（数７）により求めた各部のｍAを（表
３）に示す。骨の単位面積当りの密度は、1.143 g/cm2
と正の値を示し、筋肉部は差分計算処理により、ほぼ０
となっている。また、点Ｚでは負の値を示した。この点
には筋肉より減弱係数比の小さい、すなわち実効原子番
号の小さい物質が含まれることがわかる。（表４）に脂
肪の減弱係数、減弱係数比Ｒを、（表５）に筋肉、骨、
脂肪の実効原子番号を示す。[Table 3] shows m A of each part obtained by (Equation 7). Density per unit area of bone is 1.143 g / cm 2
Shows a positive value, and the muscle part is almost 0 by the difference calculation processing.
Has become. Moreover, the point Z showed a negative value. It can be seen that this point includes a substance having a smaller attenuation coefficient ratio than muscle, that is, a substance having a smaller effective atomic number. (Table 4) shows the fat attenuation coefficient and the attenuation coefficient ratio R, and (Table 5) shows muscle and bone.
Indicates the effective atomic number of fat.
【００４４】[0044]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００４５】[0045]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００４６】[0046]
【表５】 [Table 5]
【００４７】脂肪の減弱係数比、実効原子番号とも基準
物質の筋肉より小さい。これにより、差分計算処理後の
負の値の領域には脂肪が存在すると同定できる。差分計
算処理後、負の値を示し、脂肪が存在する部分につい
て、（数１０）により、その部分における単位面積当り
の脂肪密度を算出した。この結果、Ｚ部の密度は、4.55
29 g/cm2 となり、脂肪の定量を行うことができた。Both the attenuation coefficient ratio of fat and the effective atomic number are smaller than the muscle of the reference substance. Thereby, it can be identified that fat exists in the negative value region after the difference calculation process. After the difference calculation process, a negative value was shown, and the fat density per unit area in the portion where fat was present was calculated by (Equation 10). As a result, the density of Z part is 4.55
It was 29 g / cm 2 , and the fat could be quantified.
【００４８】以上のように本実施例によれば、差分計算
処理後の負の値を利用することによって、人体に含まれ
る骨だけでなく、脂肪をも同時に検出し、かつ定量をお
こなうことができた。As described above, according to this embodiment, not only the bone contained in the human body but also the fat can be simultaneously detected and quantified by using the negative value after the difference calculation processing. did it.
【００４９】[0049]
【発明の効果】以上のように本発明は、差分処理計算処
理結果の負の部分を利用することにより、１つの計算式
により、物体中の同時に複数の物質を識別でき、かつ定
量することが可能な物質の定量測定法を実現するもので
ある。As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of substances in an object can be simultaneously identified and quantified by one calculation formula by using the negative part of the difference processing calculation result. It realizes a quantitative measurement method for possible substances.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】本発明の測定法の一実施例における測定対象の
断面図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an object to be measured in an embodiment of the measuring method of the present invention.
【図２】本発明を具現化した測定装置の構成図FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a measuring device embodying the present invention.
【図３】本発明の原理の説明図FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the present invention.
１ 物質Ａ ２ 物質Ｂ ３ 物質Ｃ ４ 放射線 １１ 骨 １２ 筋肉 １３ 脂肪 ２１ Ｘ線源 ２２ Ｘ線ラインセンサ ２３ 演算装置 ２４ ｋエッジフィルタ ２５ 測定対象 ２６ ファンビームＸ線 1 substance A 2 substance B 3 substance C 4 radiation 11 bone 12 muscle 13 fat 21 X-ray source 22 X-ray line sensor 23 arithmetic unit 24 k edge filter 25 measurement target 26 fan beam X-ray
Claims (2)
ー範囲の放射線を用いて測定対象の物体の透過情報を得
て、前記エネルギーもしくはエネルギー範囲の放射線の
透過情報を用いて差分計算処理を行い、前記物体を構成
する物質を同定、もしくは定量する物質の定量測定法で
あって、前記物体が原子番号もしくは実効原子番号が３
種類以上の物質で構成される場合、前記物質のうちの特
定物質を基準として前記特定物質を消去するための差分
計算処理後の符号の正負を用いて前記物質に対する原子
番号もしくは実効原子番号の判定による少なくとも２つ
の物質の同定、定量を同時に行うことを特徴とする物質
の定量測定法。1. A method for obtaining transmission information of an object to be measured using radiation of two or more types of energy or energy range, performing difference calculation processing using transmission information of radiation of the energy or energy range, A method for quantitatively measuring a substance for identifying or quantifying a substance constituting a substance, wherein the object has an atomic number or an effective atomic number of 3
When it is composed of more than one kind of substance, the atomic number or effective atomic number of the substance is determined by using the sign of the sign after the difference calculation process to erase the specified substance based on the specified substance among the substances A method for quantitatively measuring a substance, characterized by simultaneously identifying and quantifying at least two substances according to.
である筋肉、骨、脂肪であることを特徴とする請求項１
記載の物質の定量測定法。2. The substance constituting the object to be measured is a soft tissue such as muscle, bone, or fat.
Quantitative measurement method for the listed substances.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257396A JP2973643B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Quantitative measurement of substances |
| US07/956,257 US5247559A (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-05 | Substance quantitative analysis method |
| EP92117069A EP0549858B1 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-06 | Substance quantitative analysis method |
| DE69224890T DE69224890T2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-06 | Method for quantitative substance analysis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257396A JP2973643B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Quantitative measurement of substances |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0599829A true JPH0599829A (en) | 1993-04-23 |
| JP2973643B2 JP2973643B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 |
Family
ID=17305809
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257396A Expired - Fee Related JP2973643B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Quantitative measurement of substances |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2973643B2 (en) |
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1991
- 1991-10-04 JP JP3257396A patent/JP2973643B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| KR100686659B1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2007-02-27 | 너스킨 인터어내셔날 인코포레이팃드 | Bio-photonic feedback controlling device and method |
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| CN110840473B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2023-05-26 | 江研伟 | Bone mineral density measuring system based on CT thin-layer scanning Hu value |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2973643B2 (en) | 1999-11-08 |
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