JPH05277740A - Welding method for clad steel pipe - Google Patents
Welding method for clad steel pipeInfo
- Publication number
- JPH05277740A JPH05277740A JP6501392A JP6501392A JPH05277740A JP H05277740 A JPH05277740 A JP H05277740A JP 6501392 A JP6501392 A JP 6501392A JP 6501392 A JP6501392 A JP 6501392A JP H05277740 A JPH05277740 A JP H05277740A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- groove
- clad
- steel
- alloy steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【目的】 内質の良好なクラッド鋼管を得ること。
【構成】 通常のＸ型開先形状を前提として、内面側の
低合金鋼部分をクラッド材を溶融しないようにワイヤー
溶融量を制御しながらガスシールド溶接を行い、ついで
１つの電源に接続する２本の高合金系溶接ワイヤーの間
隔をクラッド材の開先幅よりもわずかに広しくて潜弧溶
接を行う。
【効果】 開先断面に多少の変化があっても溶接金属割
れや、成分希釈などに起因する溶接欠陥のない溶接部が
得られる。
(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To obtain a clad steel pipe with good internal quality. [Structure] Assuming a normal X-shaped groove shape, gas shield welding is performed on the low alloy steel portion on the inner surface side while controlling the wire melting amount so as not to melt the clad material, and then connected to one power source 2 The gap between the high alloy welding wires of this book is set slightly wider than the groove width of the clad material to perform latent arc welding. [Effect] Even if there is some change in the groove cross section, a welded portion free from weld metal cracks and weld defects due to dilution of components can be obtained.
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は表層にステンレス鋼ある
いは高Ｎｉ系合金などの耐食性に優れた高合金鋼、母材
として炭素鋼あるいは低合金鋼（以下低合金鋼という）
を使用するクラッド鋼を、ＵＯＥなどの方法によって鋼
管を製造する場合のシーム溶接方法に関するものであ
る。The present invention relates to a high alloy steel having excellent corrosion resistance such as stainless steel or a high Ni alloy on the surface layer, and carbon steel or low alloy steel (hereinafter referred to as low alloy steel) as a base material.
The present invention relates to a seam welding method in the case of producing a clad steel using a steel pipe by a method such as UOE.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に化学工業、石油、ガス井などに使
用される鋼管、構造用材は優れた耐食性が要求され、特
に腐食性の強い石油、ガス搬送に用いられる鋼管材に
は、従来から使用されている低合金鋼では寿命が短く、
ステンレス鋼や高Ｎｉ系高合金が用いられ、これが増加
する傾向にある。しかし、これら高合金材料は非常に高
価である一方、強度が低いため構造物の設計にあたって
はその肉厚を厚くしなければならず、コスト高となる。
そのために、近時クラッド鋼が注目されるようになって
いる。2. Description of the Related Art Steel pipes and structural materials generally used in the chemical industry, oil and gas wells are required to have excellent corrosion resistance. The low alloy steel that is used has a short life,
Stainless steel and high Ni-based high alloys are used, and this tends to increase. However, while these high alloy materials are very expensive, their strength is low, and therefore their thickness must be increased when designing a structure, resulting in high cost.
For this reason, clad steel has recently been drawing attention.
【０００３】この種クラッド鋼を鋼管に製造するために
は、通常クラッド材が内側となるようにＵＯＥ法で管体
を形成し、シーム部を突き合わせ溶接するものである
が、特に鋼管の内側の溶接において次のような問題が生
じる。即ち内側の低合金鋼部分の溶接では、通常低合金
鋼用の溶接ワイヤーで溶接を行なうが、その際にクラッ
ド材を少しでも溶融すると、該溶接金属中にクラッド材
の主要部分であるＮｉ，Ｃｒなどが希釈されマルテンサ
イト組織を生成し溶接金属割れが発生する。また、次の
クラッド材つまり表層の溶接では、通常クラッド材の成
分以上の組成を有する溶接ワイヤーによって溶接を行な
うが、その際クラッド材のみならず低合金鋼や前記低合
金鋼の溶接部も溶融されるため、溶接方法の選択によっ
ては該溶接金属成分の組成がクラッド材よりもＮｉ，Ｃ
ｒ成分などが少なくなり溶接金属部の耐食性がその特性
を維持できなくなる。In order to manufacture this type of clad steel into a steel pipe, a pipe body is usually formed by the UOE method so that the clad material is on the inside, and the seam portion is butt-welded. The following problems occur in welding. That is, in the welding of the low alloy steel portion on the inside, welding is usually performed with a welding wire for low alloy steel, but if the clad material is melted even a little at that time, Ni, which is the main part of the clad material, is welded to the weld metal. Cr or the like is diluted to form a martensite structure, and weld metal cracking occurs. Further, in the next welding of the clad material, that is, the surface layer, welding is usually performed with a welding wire having a composition higher than the components of the clad material, but at that time, not only the clad material but also the low alloy steel and the welded portion of the low alloy steel are melted Therefore, depending on the selection of the welding method, the composition of the weld metal component is Ni, C rather than the clad material.
The r component and the like are reduced, and the corrosion resistance of the weld metal cannot maintain its characteristics.
【０００４】したがって、このような溶接上の問題点を
解決するため特開昭６３−１００９５号公報には、Ｘ型
開先の深さ、角度を指定し、内側炭素鋼をＭＩＧ（ガス
シールド溶接）、高合金鋼削除部分を潜弧溶接（サブマ
ージ溶接、もしくはＳＡＷ）で１ラン溶接を可能にする
ことが開示されている。すなわち該公報には、突き合わ
せ部に炭素鋼の内側開先と干渉しない幅を削除すること
で溶接時の希釈率を低下させることを前提にＭＩＧ法と
ＳＡＷ法の組合せで溶接速度の高速化を計っている。Therefore, in order to solve such a problem in welding, in JP-A-63-10095, the depth and angle of the X-shaped groove are specified and the inner carbon steel is MIG (gas shield welding). ), It is disclosed that the high alloy steel deleted portion can be subjected to one-run welding by latent arc welding (submerged welding, or SAW). That is, the publication discloses that the welding speed is increased by the combination of the MIG method and the SAW method on the premise that the width that does not interfere with the inner groove of the carbon steel is deleted in the butt portion to reduce the dilution rate during welding. I am measuring.
【０００５】しかし、上記の方法では内面側開先形状を
２段開先として加工が必要であるため、通常ＵＯＥで使
用される開先加工機がそのまま使用できず、そのつど開
先加工機のバイトあるいはカッターを組み替える必要が
生じるためＵＯＥの製造能力自体の低下が避けられな
い。また上記開先形状は、内側の低合金鋼部分のＭＩＧ
溶接時に高合金鋼削除部分を溶融しないように配慮され
た形状となっているが、通常、シーム部長手方向の開先
形状は開先深さ、幅ともにバラツキがあり、そのような
開先断面を一定の溶接条件で溶接した場合、開先断面の
大小によって溶接金属量の過不足を生じ、後続溶接され
た高合金鋼削除部分の潜弧溶接金属は外観形状、および
その成分とも均一な溶接部が得られない場合がある。However, in the above method, since it is necessary to process the inner surface side groove shape into a two-step groove, the groove processing machine normally used in UOE cannot be used as it is, and the cutting tool of the groove processing machine or Since it is necessary to change the cutter, it is unavoidable that the manufacturing capacity of the UOE deteriorates. The groove shape is MIG of the low alloy steel portion inside.
The shape is designed so as not to melt the high alloy steel removed portion during welding, but the groove shape in the longitudinal direction of the seam usually has variations in groove depth and width. When welding is performed under constant welding conditions, the amount of weld metal will be excessive or insufficient depending on the size of the groove cross section, and the latent arc weld metal of the subsequently welded high alloy steel removed part will have a uniform appearance and its composition. There are times when you cannot get a copy.
【０００６】一方、特開昭５９−１３７１９１号公報で
は、ステンレスクラッド鋼管の溶接において、突き合わ
せ部をＸ型開先とし、内側を２段開先として、低合金鋼
開先部分を潜弧溶接した後、高合金鋼削除部分を１０〜
５０mm幅の帯板電極を用いてバンドアーク溶接によって
溶接する方法が開示されている。しかし、該法は低合金
鋼開先部を潜弧溶接法で溶接するため、高合金鋼削除部
分の溶接前に鋼管の内側の潜弧溶接時に生じたスラグの
除去が必要であること、また開先変動による溶接金属量
の過不足、それにともなう後続バンドアーク溶接におけ
るビード外観、溶接金属成分の均一性が得られない場合
がある。また帯板電極を用いたバンドアーク溶接では、
帯幅にわたってアークが均一となりにくく、すなわち波
状のアークとなり均一な溶接部を得られない場合があ
る。さらに、上記した開示例はいずれも内側の高合金鋼
削除部分の溶接において、溶接アークが直接に低合金鋼
溶接金属部および低合金鋼部にも作用するため、該溶接
金属の成分はより多く希釈された成分となりやすく、低
希釈溶接はそれほど期待できないという問題が依然とし
て残っている。On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-137191, in welding a stainless clad steel pipe, a low alloy steel groove portion is subjected to latent arc welding after the butted portion is an X-shaped groove and the inside is a two-step groove. High alloy steel 10 to remove parts
A method of welding by band arc welding using a 50 mm wide strip electrode is disclosed. However, since this method welds the low alloy steel groove portion by the latent arc welding method, it is necessary to remove the slag generated during the latent arc welding inside the steel pipe before the welding of the high alloy steel deleted portion, and In some cases, excess or deficiency in the amount of weld metal due to groove changes, and accordingly, the appearance of beads in subsequent band arc welding and the uniformity of weld metal components may not be obtained. In band arc welding using strip electrodes,
It may be difficult to make the arc uniform over the band width, that is, a wavy arc may not be obtained and a uniform weld may not be obtained. Further, in all of the above disclosed examples, in the welding of the high alloy steel removed portion on the inside, the welding arc directly acts on the low alloy steel weld metal portion and the low alloy steel portion, so that the composition of the weld metal is larger. The problem still remains that low-dilution welding is not so promising because it is likely to be a diluted component.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解消すべくなされたものであって、ステンレ
ス鋼や高Ｎｉ系合金鋼などからなる高合金（本発明にお
いて高合金鋼とはこの意味に用いる）と、低合金鋼との
クラッド鋼を造管するに際し、特にＵＯＥ法で成形した
管体を突き合わせ溶接するにあたって、Ｘ型開先の内側
の低合金鋼部分をガスシールド溶接するに際し、クラッ
ド材を溶融しないようワイヤー溶融量を制御し、且つそ
の次のクラッド材開先部の溶接では特殊電極を使用して
クラッド材の溶接金属部に低合金鋼部分の希釈を抑制し
て溶接欠陥の起きない、また耐食性の優れたクラッド鋼
管の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is made of a high alloy (such as high alloy steel in the present invention) made of stainless steel or high Ni alloy steel. Is used for this purpose), and when pipe-forming clad steel with low alloy steel, especially for butt welding of pipe bodies formed by the UOE method, the low alloy steel portion inside the X-shaped groove is gas shield welded. At the time of welding, the amount of wire melt is controlled so as not to melt the clad material, and a special electrode is used in the welding of the clad material groove next time to suppress the dilution of the low alloy steel part in the weld metal part of the clad material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a clad steel pipe that does not cause welding defects and has excellent corrosion resistance.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記目的を達成
するために、以下の構成を要旨とする。 （１）外側の低合金鋼と内側のステンレス鋼や高Ｎｉ系
合金鋼などの高合金（以下クラッド材という）からなる
クラッド鋼にＸ型の開先加工をほどこし、該Ｘ型開先部
をシーム溶接して、クラッド鋼管を製造するにあたり、
内側突き合わせ部分の低合金鋼開先部分をクラッド材を
溶融しないように低合金鋼用溶接ワイヤーでワイヤー溶
融量を制御しながら炭酸ガス、ＭＩＧあるいはＭＡＧな
どでガスシールド溶接を行ない、次いで内側クラッド材
を潜弧溶接するに際して、１つの電源に接続する２本の
高合金系溶接ワイヤーを電極とし、この２本のワイー間
隔を前記内側開先幅よりわずかに広幅とし、かつシーム
溶接線方向に直角となるように配置して溶接することを
特徴とするクラッド鋼管の溶接方法。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following structures. (1) An X-shaped groove is formed on a clad steel made of a low alloy steel on the outside and a high alloy (hereinafter referred to as a clad material) such as stainless steel on the inside or a high Ni alloy steel, and the X type groove is formed on the clad steel. In producing seam welded clad steel pipe,
Gas shield welding is performed with carbon dioxide, MIG or MAG, etc. while controlling the amount of wire melting with a welding wire for low alloy steel so that the clad material does not melt in the groove part of the low alloy steel at the inner butt portion, then the inner clad material When submarine arc welding, two high alloy welding wires connected to one power source are used as electrodes, and the wire spacing between these two wires is made slightly wider than the inside groove width, and at a right angle to the seam welding line direction. A method for welding a clad steel pipe, which comprises arranging and welding so that
【０００９】（２）外側の低合金鋼と内側のステンレス
鋼や高Ｎｉ系合金鋼などの高合金（以下クラッド材とい
う）からなるクラッド鋼にＸ型の開先加工をほどこし、
該Ｘ型開先部をシーム溶接して、クラッド鋼管を製造す
るにあたり、内側に深さが８〜１１mm、角度が６０〜８
０°の開先を設け、突合せルート厚み３〜９mm、さらに
外側に角度が６０〜１００°となる開先を設けて突合せ
シーム溶接部を形成し、外側開先底部に低合金鋼用溶接
ワイヤーで仮付溶接をし、次いで内側低合金鋼開先部分
をクラッド材を溶融しないように低合金鋼用溶接ワイヤ
ーでワイヤー溶融量を制御しながらガスシールド溶接を
行ない、さらに内側のクラッド材部分を溶接するに際
し、１つのワイヤー送給機構から供給される２本の高合
金系溶接ワイヤーをワイヤー間隔が前記内側開先幅より
やや広くするとともに、シーム溶接線方向に直角となる
ように配置して潜弧溶接することを特徴とするクラッド
鋼管の溶接方法。(2) An X-shaped groove is formed on a clad steel made of a low alloy steel on the outside and a high alloy (hereinafter referred to as a clad material) such as stainless steel or a high Ni alloy steel on the inside,
When manufacturing the clad steel pipe by seam welding the X-shaped groove, the depth is 8 to 11 mm and the angle is 60 to 8 inside.
Welding wire for low alloy steel is provided at the bottom of the outer groove by forming a 0 ° groove, a butt root thickness of 3 to 9 mm, and an outer groove with an angle of 60 to 100 °. Then, temporarily weld the inner low alloy steel groove, and then perform gas shield welding while controlling the wire melting amount with a welding wire for low alloy steel so as not to melt the clad material. At the time of welding, the two high alloy welding wires supplied from one wire feeding mechanism are arranged such that the wire interval is slightly wider than the inner groove width and is perpendicular to the seam welding line direction. A welding method for a clad steel pipe, which is characterized by performing a submerged arc welding.
【００１０】（３）内側のクラッド材厚さが２〜４mmで
あることを特徴とする請求項１あるいは２記載のクラッ
ド鋼管の溶接方法。 （４）内側の開先幅をほぼ１２〜１４mmとし、かつ該開
先部分を潜弧溶接する２本の高合金系溶接ワイヤー間隔
を１３〜１７mm幅とすることを特徴とする請求項１ある
いは２記載のクラッド鋼管の溶接方法。(3) The method for welding a clad steel pipe according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner clad material has a thickness of 2 to 4 mm. (4) The inner groove width is approximately 12 to 14 mm, and the interval between two high alloy welding wires for welding the groove portion by latent arc welding is 13 to 17 mm width. 2. The method for welding a clad steel pipe according to 2.
【００１１】さらに本発明においては、特に内側の低合
金鋼の溶接においてクラッド材を溶融しないように溶接
することを特徴とするが、その場合以下の条件を採用す
ることが好ましい。すなわち、 低合金鋼部の溶接金属量はクラッド材との境界から
０．５〜１．５mm程度少ない高さまでのワイヤー溶融量
を設定する。すなわち上記範囲外のワイヤー溶融量が多
すぎた場合は、クラッド材をも溶融し溶接金属中にクラ
ッド材のＮｉ，Ｃｒ成分などが混入し、マルテンサイト
組織の形成および溶接金属割れなどの問題が起こる。一
方、逆に上記範囲外のワイヤー溶融量が少なすぎた場合
は、次のクラッド材部分の潜弧溶接において低合金鋼部
分の希釈率が多くなり、該溶接金属の耐食性に有用なＮ
ｉおよびＣｒ成分が薄められることになる。Further, the present invention is characterized in that the clad material is welded so as not to be melted, especially in the welding of the inner low alloy steel. In that case, it is preferable to adopt the following conditions. That is, the amount of weld metal of the low alloy steel part is set to the amount of wire melting up to a height which is smaller by about 0.5 to 1.5 mm from the boundary with the clad material. That is, when the amount of melted wire outside the above range is too large, the clad material is also melted and Ni and Cr components of the clad material are mixed in the weld metal, which causes problems such as formation of martensite structure and cracking of the weld metal. Occur. On the other hand, on the contrary, if the amount of wire melted out of the above range is too small, the dilution ratio of the low alloy steel portion increases in the subsequent submerged arc welding of the clad material portion, and N which is useful for corrosion resistance of the weld metal is increased.
The i and Cr components will be diluted.
【００１２】また内側のクラッド材を潜弧溶接するにあ
たって次の条件を採用することが好ましい。すなわち、 ２本の溶接ワイヤーは、その送給やアークを安定にす
るため、細い方が好ましく０．９〜１．６mmの範囲とす
ることが好ましい。 溶接ワイヤーはシーム溶接線方向に直角に配置する
が、前後進角は５°の範囲まで許容できる。この角度が
大き過ぎるとアークが不安定となりビード形状を悪くす
る。Further, it is preferable to adopt the following conditions when the inner clad material is subjected to the latent arc welding. That is, it is preferable that the two welding wires are thin in order to stabilize the feeding and the arc, and it is preferable that the welding wires have a range of 0.9 to 1.6 mm. The welding wire is arranged at right angles to the direction of the seam welding line, but the advancing and retreating angle is allowable within the range of 5 °. If this angle is too large, the arc becomes unstable and the bead shape deteriorates.
【００１３】溶接フラックスはメルトおよびボンドフ
ラックスのいずれでもよい。 溶接電流は４００〜６００Ａ、アーク電圧は２５〜４
２Ｖとすること、すなわち、この条件範囲外の高電流側
では溶込深さが大きくなり低合金鋼部の希釈率が増大し
て好ましくない。また逆に条件範囲外の低電流側では、
希釈率は小さいが適正な溶着量を得るために溶接速度を
極端に遅くしなければならず非能率となる。 溶接速度は２０〜５０cm／min で良好な溶接部を得る
ことが可能である。The welding flux may be either melt or bond flux. Welding current is 400-600A, arc voltage is 25-4
It is not preferable to set it to 2 V, that is, on the high current side outside this condition range, the penetration depth becomes large and the dilution rate of the low alloy steel part increases. Conversely, on the low current side outside the condition range,
Although the dilution rate is small, the welding speed must be extremely slowed down in order to obtain an appropriate amount of welding, resulting in inefficiency. A good welding portion can be obtained at a welding speed of 20 to 50 cm / min.
【００１４】以下本発明を詳細に説明する。本発明が対
象とするクラッド鋼は、低炭素鋼や、低合金鋼などを母
材とし、その表面にステンレス例えばＳＵＳ３１６や高
Ｎｉ系高合金鋼例えばインコロイ８２５などを合わせ材
として接着したものであり、このもの自体は従来実施さ
れている方法により製造がなされる。クラッド鋼（板）
はＵＯＥ法によって管体に成形され、溶接部となる両端
部には開先が設けられている。開先形状は一般に突合せ
溶接に用いる各種の形状を設けることができるが、ＵＯ
Ｅ法にはＸ形開先が通常用いられる。The present invention will be described in detail below. The clad steel targeted by the present invention has a low carbon steel, a low alloy steel or the like as a base material, and stainless steel such as SUS316 or a high Ni-based high alloy steel such as Incoloy 825 bonded to the surface thereof as a joining material. The product itself is manufactured by a conventionally practiced method. Clad steel (plate)
Is molded into a tubular body by the UOE method, and a groove is provided at both ends to be welded portions. The groove shape can be various shapes generally used for butt welding.
The X-shaped groove is usually used in the E method.
【００１５】図１に本発明の開先形状の一例を示す。内
側クラッド材１と外側低合金鋼２からなる。クラッド鋼
は、シーム部３に深さｈ1 が７〜１１mmの範囲にθ1 ＝
６０〜８０°の開先５と、突合せルート厚みｈ2 が３〜
９mmの開先を設ける。一方、外側の底合金鋼には深さｈ
3 がクラッド鋼の厚みｔに対してｈ3 ＝ｔ−（ｈ1 ＋ｈ
2 ）で６０〜９０°の開先６を設ける。開先形状を上記
の範囲とするのは、溶接ビード形状はもちろんのこと、
健全な溶接部を得るためである。FIG. 1 shows an example of the groove shape of the present invention. It consists of an inner clad material 1 and an outer low alloy steel 2. The clad steel has a depth h 1 in the seam 3 of 7 to 11 mm in the range of θ 1 =
A groove 5 of 60 to 80 ° and a butt route thickness h 2 of 3 to
Provide a 9 mm groove. On the other hand, the outer bottom alloy steel has a depth h
3 is h 3 = t- (h 1 + h) with respect to the thickness t of the clad steel
The groove 6 of 60 to 90 ° is provided in 2 ). The groove shape is within the above range, not to mention the weld bead shape,
This is to obtain a sound weld.
【００１６】図２は本発明の溶接工程を示すもので、ま
ず外側開先６に低合金溶接ワイヤーで炭酸ガスシールド
溶接法によって仮付け溶接７し（図ａ）、次いで内側開
先５に低合金溶接ワイヤーを用いてガスシールド溶接８
を行う。本発明ではこの内側の低合金鋼の溶接部を得る
方法に第一の特徴がある。すなわち、前記した開先形状
に対して低合金鋼部の溶接金属量はクラッド材と低合金
鋼の境界から０．５〜１．５mm程度少ない高さまでのワ
イヤー溶融量を設定する。すなわち上記範囲外のワイヤ
ー溶融量が多すぎた場合は、クラッド材をも溶融し溶接
金属中にクラッド材のＮｉ，Ｃｒ成分などが混入し、マ
ルテンサイト組織の形成および溶接金属割れなどの問題
が起こる。一方、逆に上記範囲外のワイヤー溶融量が少
なすぎた場合は、次のクラッド材部分の潜弧溶接におい
て低合金鋼部分の希釈率が多くなり、該溶接金属の耐食
性に有用なＮｉおよびＣｒ成分が薄められることにな
る。溶接金属量の調整方法はワイヤー溶融量をコントロ
ールすることによって、すなわち溶接電流を変化させる
ことによって行う。以下その方法について述べる。FIG. 2 shows the welding process of the present invention. First, the outer groove 6 is tack welded 7 with a low alloy welding wire by the carbon dioxide shield welding method (FIG. A), and then the inner groove 5 is welded. Gas shield welding using alloy welding wire 8
I do. The first feature of the present invention lies in the method of obtaining the welded portion of the low alloy steel on the inside. That is, the amount of weld metal of the low alloy steel portion with respect to the groove shape described above is set to a wire melting amount up to a height which is about 0.5 to 1.5 mm less from the boundary between the clad material and the low alloy steel. That is, when the amount of melted wire outside the above range is too large, the clad material is also melted and Ni and Cr components of the clad material are mixed in the weld metal, which causes problems such as formation of martensite structure and cracking of the weld metal. Occur. On the other hand, on the contrary, when the amount of wire melted out of the above range is too small, the dilution ratio of the low alloy steel portion increases in the subsequent latent arc welding of the clad material portion, and Ni and Cr useful for the corrosion resistance of the weld metal are increased. The ingredients will be diluted. The amount of weld metal is adjusted by controlling the amount of wire melted, that is, by changing the welding current. The method will be described below.
【００１７】一般的にＵＯ造管のシーム溶接線の開先寸
法ｈ1 ，ｈ2 ，ｈ3 、およびθ1 ，θ2 はそのシーム部
長さが長いこと、さらには開先加工後のＵＯ成形時の変
形などもあって、溶接時のシーム開先線全線にわたって
必ずしも一定寸法が得られるとは限らず、多少開先断面
形状、すなわち溶接断面積に変動があることは避けられ
ない。そのような変動があっても、溶接前にさきだって
シーム溶接部の開先深さｈ1 、および開先の幅を一定ピ
ッチ毎に実測を行い、各々測定箇所の開先断面積、およ
び低合金鋼部のクラッド材を溶融しないためのワイヤー
溶融量の計算を行い、溶接に際して必要な溶接電流を順
次調整出力する。なお当然のことながら、ワイヤー溶融
量は溶接速度を考慮することが必要で、その条件はあら
かじめ事前検討によって得られた溶接電流とワイヤー溶
融量、必要溶接断面積および溶接速度の関係式から得ら
れるもので、以上の開先形状（寸法）の実測と溶接電流
の調整によってクラッド鋼材を溶融しない低合金鋼部の
健全な溶接が可能となる。Generally, the groove dimensions h 1 , h 2 , h 3 and θ 1 , θ 2 of the seam welding line of UO pipe making are long seam length, and further, UO molding after groove processing. Due to time deformation and the like, it is not always possible to obtain a constant dimension over the entire seam groove line at the time of welding, and it is inevitable that the groove cross-sectional shape, that is, the welding cross-sectional area, fluctuates somewhat. Even if such a change occurs, the groove depth h 1 of the seam weld and the width of the groove are measured before the welding at a constant pitch, and the groove cross-sectional area and low width of each measurement point are measured. The amount of wire fusion that does not melt the clad material of the alloy steel is calculated, and the welding current required for welding is adjusted and output sequentially. As a matter of course, it is necessary to consider the welding speed for the wire melting amount, and the condition is obtained from the relational expressions of the welding current, the wire melting amount, the required welding cross-sectional area, and the welding speed, which were obtained in advance by preliminary examination. With the above measurement of the groove shape (dimensions) and adjustment of the welding current, sound welding of the low alloy steel portion that does not melt the clad steel material becomes possible.
【００１８】開先形状の実測は測定ピッチが短いほど好
ましいが、ＵＯ鋼管の場合は３００〜５００mmピッチ毎
の実測でも本発明者らの検討結果によれば、シーム溶接
線長手方向の開先断面積の変化が十分に把握できること
がわかった。また開先形状の変化をリアルタイムに検出
する方法として、レーザセンサーなどを使用し、検出さ
れた信号をコンピュータによってグラフ処理し、低合金
鋼の開先に必要な溶接電流の計算および溶接電源への出
力信号を与えることでワイヤー溶融量の制御が可能な方
法も本発明の基本となることはろちろんである。さらに
この制御方法は低合金鋼の溶接以外に次項で述べるクラ
ッド材の溶接にも適用が可能である。The measurement of the groove shape is preferable as the measurement pitch is shorter, but in the case of UO steel pipe, the measurement of every 300 to 500 mm pitch shows that the groove breakage in the longitudinal direction of the seam welding line is according to the examination result of the present inventors. It was found that the change in area can be grasped sufficiently. Also, as a method to detect the change in groove shape in real time, a laser sensor is used, and the detected signal is processed into a graph by a computer to calculate the welding current necessary for the groove of low alloy steel and to the welding power source. It is obvious that a method capable of controlling the wire melting amount by giving an output signal is also the basis of the present invention. Furthermore, this control method can be applied to welding of clad materials described in the next section, in addition to welding of low alloy steel.
【００１９】その後、あるいは同時に該低合金鋼溶接部
上のクラッド材開先部分をクラッド材の組成以上に貴な
溶接ワイヤーで潜弧溶接を行うが、本発明はこのクラッ
ド材の溶接部９（図ｃ）を得る方法にも特徴がある。図
３は本発明の潜弧溶接装置の概要であり、溶接チップ１
１にワイヤー送給装置１２により送給された２本の溶接
ワイヤー１３，１４を保持し、ワイヤー先端をクラッド
材開先部３上にセットする。２本の溶接ワイヤー１３，
１４の間隔は、クラッド材の開先幅よりもわずかに大き
くし、それぞれのワイヤー１３および１４の先端は、ク
ラッド材１の開先幅よりもほぼ１mmずつ外側すなわち、
クラッド材上に位置させ、電源１５に接続されたチップ
１１を通して、同時に２本のワイヤー１３，１４に同一
の電流を流して、クラッド材開先部を潜弧溶接する。After that, or simultaneously, the groove portion of the clad material on the welded portion of the low alloy steel is subjected to latent arc welding with a welding wire having a nobleness higher than that of the composition of the clad material. The method of obtaining FIG. FIG. 3 is an outline of the latent arc welding apparatus of the present invention, which is a welding tip 1
The two welding wires 13 and 14 fed by the wire feeding device 12 are held at 1, and the tip of the wire is set on the clad material groove 3. Two welding wires 13,
The spacing of 14 is slightly larger than the groove width of the clad material, and the tips of the wires 13 and 14 are outside by 1 mm from the groove width of the clad material 1, that is,
The same current is applied to the two wires 13 and 14 at the same time through the tip 11 connected to the power source 15 and positioned on the clad material, and the clad material groove is subjected to latent arc welding.
【００２０】図４はワイヤー１３，１４の配置を示して
いるが、同図（ａ）に示すようにシーム溶接方向（矢
印）と直角に位置せしめることが、本発明の基本であ
る。すなわちこのように配置することにより、アークに
よって溶けた溶接金属は溶融池１６を作り、クラッド材
と融合し、開先部を充して両側クラッド材と容易に連続
する。また同図（ｂ）に示すようにシーム溶接方向に直
角ではなく、多少偏向配置したワイヤー１３，１４でも
溶融池１６の連続があれば許容され、しかもこのように
偏向可能にすることは広幅の間隔ワイヤー（電極）を用
いて狭幅の開先に調整使用することができる。しかし、
２本のワイヤー１３と１４のシーム溶接方向に直角な位
置からみた距離ｌが大きくなると、各電極（ワイヤー）
で溶融された溶融池１６，１６′が独立し、波状あるい
はすじ状のビードとなって、本発明の目的である無欠陥
均一ビードとはならない。Although FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the wires 13 and 14, it is the basis of the present invention to position them at right angles to the seam welding direction (arrow) as shown in FIG. That is, by arranging in this manner, the weld metal melted by the arc forms the molten pool 16, is fused with the clad material, fills the groove portion, and is easily continuous with the clad materials on both sides. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, even if the wires 13 and 14 that are arranged at a slight deflection, not at right angles to the seam welding direction, are allowed if the weld pool 16 is continuous, and in addition, it is wide to make such deflection possible. It can be adjusted and used for a narrow groove by using a spacing wire (electrode). But,
When the distance 1 viewed from the position perpendicular to the seam welding direction of the two wires 13 and 14 becomes large, each electrode (wire)
The molten pools 16 and 16 ′ melted in 1 are independent and become wavy or streaky beads, and the defect-free uniform beads which are the object of the present invention are not obtained.
【００２１】本発明はこのようにクラッド材に直接溶接
ワイヤーからのアークをあてるため、低合金鋼部分およ
びその溶接金属からの溶込が少なくてすみ、低希釈率の
溶接金属となる。According to the present invention, since the arc from the welding wire is directly applied to the clad material in this manner, the amount of penetration from the low alloy steel portion and its weld metal is small, and the weld metal has a low dilution rate.
【００２２】上記のように、本発明は２本の溶接ワイヤ
ーが１つの電源に接続されているため、両ワイヤーに供
給される電流は均一であり、均一なアークが供給され
る。ワイヤーはクラッド材の組成よりも多量の合金元素
を含有する高合金系熔接ワイヤーが用いられる。例え
ば、クラッド鋼に使用するクラッド材がインコロイ８２
５（４０Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−３Ｍｏ）系であれば、溶接材
料は低合金鋼部からの希釈を考慮してインコネル６２５
（６０Ｎｉ−２０Ｃｒ−９Ｍｏ）系が好ましい。このほ
か、本発明を有効に実施するためには溶接の条件を選ぶ
ことが好ましく、このことについては前記した通りであ
る（〜）。As described above, in the present invention, since the two welding wires are connected to one power source, the current supplied to both wires is uniform, and a uniform arc is supplied. As the wire, a high alloy welding wire containing a larger amount of alloying elements than the composition of the clad material is used. For example, the clad material used for clad steel is Incoloy 82
If it is 5 (40Ni-20Cr-3Mo), the welding material is Inconel 625 in consideration of dilution from the low alloy steel part.
A (60Ni-20Cr-9Mo) system is preferred. In addition, in order to effectively carry out the present invention, it is preferable to select welding conditions, which is as described above (~).
【００２３】さらに内側の溶接後、外側の低合金鋼の開
先部分の潜弧溶接１０（図２のｄ図）を行いクラッド鋼
管の溶接を終了するが、この部分の潜弧溶接は通常の低
合金鋼ＵＯ鋼管の溶接方法、条件および溶接材料の使用
が可能であり、特に限定しない。After the inner welding, the outer arc welding 10 of the groove portion of the low alloy steel (FIG. 2D) is carried out to complete the welding of the clad steel pipe. The welding method, conditions, and welding material for the low alloy steel UO pipe can be used, and there is no particular limitation.
【００２４】なお、溶接工程としては上記では内面側の
溶接後、外面側の溶接を行う工程で述べたが、この方法
では内面側の１ラン溶接が可能で作業能率が非常に良好
となるためで、内面の低合金鋼部の溶接後に外面側の潜
弧溶接を行い、最後に内面側のクラッド材部分の溶接を
行う工程も含むものである。As the welding process, the process of welding the inner surface side and then the outer surface side has been described above. However, with this method, one run welding of the inner surface side is possible and the work efficiency is very good. Then, a step of performing latent arc welding on the outer surface side after welding the low alloy steel portion on the inner surface and finally welding the clad material portion on the inner surface side is also included.
【００２５】[0025]
【実施例】次に本発明の実施例について示す。表１に示
す組成の外径６０９．６mm、厚み２０mm（クラッド材厚
み３mm）のＵＯＥ高合金クラッド鋼管から２００mm幅、
長さが１０００mmの弧状試験片を切り出し、１０００mm
長さ方向に表２に示すように内側の開先形状がシーム部
長手方向バラツキがある場合を想定して、開先深さの異
なる３種類の開先を４枚ずつ加工し、それぞれ開先加工
した試験片同士を突き合わせてＸ型の試験片を準備し
た。EXAMPLES Next, examples of the present invention will be described. 200 mm width from a UOE high alloy clad steel pipe having an outer diameter of 609.6 mm and a thickness of 20 mm (a clad material thickness of 3 mm) having the composition shown in Table 1,
Cut an arc-shaped test piece with a length of 1000 mm,
Assuming that the inner groove shape varies in the longitudinal direction in the seam portion as shown in Table 2 in the length direction, four kinds of three kinds of grooves having different groove depths are processed, and each groove is processed. The processed test pieces were butted to each other to prepare an X-type test piece.
【００２６】溶接はまず外側の低合金鋼の開先内に通常
のＵＯ鋼管の溶接と同様に炭酸ガス溶接による仮付け溶
接を行った（溶接入熱、約３５０００Ｊ／cm）。次に内
面側の溶接に先だって３種類の開先について内側の開先
幅および開先深さの実測を３００mmピッチで各３箇所ず
つ行った。その後内側の低合金鋼部分の溶接は、従来法
の開先形状ｂに対応した。すなわち該部の溶接金属量は
クラッド材と低合金鋼の境界から１．０mm少ない高さま
でのワイヤー溶融量（溶接電流）を設定して同一条件で
他の開先ａおよびｃとも溶接を行った。For welding, first, tack welding by carbon dioxide gas welding was carried out in the groove of the outer low alloy steel in the same manner as welding of ordinary UO steel pipe (welding heat input, about 35000 J / cm). Next, prior to the welding on the inner surface side, the inner groove width and groove depth of three types of grooves were actually measured at a 300 mm pitch and three points each. After that, the welding of the inner low alloy steel portion corresponded to the groove shape b of the conventional method. That is, the amount of weld metal in the portion was set to a wire melting amount (welding current) from the boundary between the clad material and the low alloy steel to a height of 1.0 mm less, and welding was also performed with the other grooves a and c under the same conditions. ..
【００２７】一方本発明法では、あらかじめ実測した開
先形状の測定値をもとに開先ａ，ｂ，ｃの各々について
上記と同様溶接金属量をクラッド材と低合金鋼の境界か
らそれぞれ１．０mm少ない高さまでのワイヤー溶融量を
設定して溶接を行った。さらにその上からクラッド材の
開先部を図３で示した潜弧溶接法で２本の溶接ワイヤー
間隔を１６mmに設定して一定条件で溶接を行い、最後に
外側を通常の４電極潜弧溶接を実施し、クラッド鋼管の
内側と外側を想定した溶接を終了した。その後溶接部か
らマクロ試料を採取し、溶接金属割れ有無および溶接金
属の硬度測定によって溶接部の評価を行った。使用した
溶接材料、溶接条件を表３、溶接部の品質として特に内
側低合金鋼部の溶接金属の割れ有無、および該溶接金属
の最高硬さ、さらにはクラッド材溶接金属部の孔食試験
（１０％ＦｅＣｌ3 ・６Ｈ2 ０溶液、３２．５℃×４８
ｈｒ浸漬試験）結果を表４に示す。On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the amount of weld metal is 1 for each of the grooves a, b, and c from the boundary between the clad material and the low alloy steel based on the measured values of the groove shape measured in advance. Welding was performed by setting the wire melting amount up to a height of 0.0 mm less. Furthermore, the groove of the clad material is welded under constant conditions from above by using the latent arc welding method shown in Fig. 3 with the gap between the two welding wires set to 16 mm, and finally the outside is a normal four-electrode latent arc. Welding was performed, and welding assuming the inside and outside of the clad steel pipe was completed. After that, a macro sample was taken from the weld and the weld was evaluated by measuring the presence or absence of weld metal cracks and measuring the hardness of the weld metal. The welding materials and welding conditions used are shown in Table 3, and as the quality of the welded portion, the presence or absence of cracks in the welded metal of the inner low alloy steel portion, the maximum hardness of the welded metal, and the pitting corrosion test of the welded metal portion of the clad material ( 10% FeCl 3 · 6H 2 0 solution, 32.5 ° C. × 48
The results of the hr immersion test are shown in Table 4.
【００２８】本発明法では低合金鋼部の溶接において、
開先形状のバラツキに対応したワイヤー溶融量、すなわ
ち溶接電流値を設定したことによってクラッド材が全く
溶融されないため、溶接金属には割れの発生も無く、ま
た最高硬度も低く良好な低合金鋼の溶接部が得られた。
さらに本発明法では低合金鋼部の溶着金属量がクラッド
材と低合金鋼の境界から１mm程度少ない高さまでに制御
されたことによってクラッド材溶接金属の耐孔食性も良
好な結果が得られた。According to the method of the present invention, in welding a low alloy steel part,
Since the clad material is not melted at all by setting the wire melting amount corresponding to the variation in the groove shape, that is, the welding current value, there is no cracking in the weld metal, and the maximum hardness is low and good A weld was obtained.
Further, according to the method of the present invention, the amount of deposited metal in the low alloy steel part was controlled to a height of about 1 mm less from the boundary between the clad material and the low alloy steel, so that good results were obtained for the pitting corrosion resistance of the weld metal of the clad material. ..
【００２９】一方、比較法（従来法）では開先ｂ材では
特別問題なかったものの、開先ａ材では開先断面が小さ
いにもかかわらず、ワイヤー溶融量の制御を行わないた
めにクラッド材を溶融し、低合金鋼溶接金属中にクラッ
ド材成分が混じり、マルテンサイトの生成によって溶接
金属割れの発生が認められた。また最高硬度にもその影
響が著しくでている。また開先ｃ材で溶接金属の割れ、
最高硬度の上昇はないがクラッド材溶接金属の孔食試験
において孔食の発生がみられた。これは開先断面が大き
いにもかかわらず、溶接条件を一定としたため、低合金
鋼溶接時の溶着金属量が少ないため、クラッド材の潜弧
溶接において低合金鋼を多く希釈したためと推定され
る。On the other hand, in the comparative method (conventional method), there was no special problem in the groove b material, but in the groove a material, the clad material was not controlled because the wire melting amount was not controlled although the groove cross section was small. Was melted, the components of the clad material were mixed in the weld metal of the low alloy steel, and the occurrence of weld metal cracking was observed due to the formation of martensite. In addition, the maximum hardness is significantly affected. In addition, the weld metal cracks in the groove c material,
Although the maximum hardness did not increase, pitting corrosion was observed in the pitting corrosion test of the weld metal of the clad material. This is presumably because the welding conditions were constant despite the large groove cross section, and the amount of deposited metal during welding of the low alloy steel was small, so the low alloy steel was diluted in large amounts in the latent arc welding of the clad material. ..
【００３０】[0030]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００３１】[0031]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００３２】[0032]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００３３】[0033]
【表４】 [Table 4]
【００３４】[0034]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によればク
ラッド鋼管の溶接に際し、特に内側低合金鋼部の溶接に
おいて開先断面のバラツキがある場合でもクラッド材を
溶融することがなく、またクラッド材溶接時においても
成分希釈などに起因する欠陥のない溶接部を得ることが
でき、ＵＯＥ法などの造管に即した安定且つ迅速な生産
を可能とすることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, when welding a clad steel pipe, the clad material is not melted even when there is a variation in the groove cross section in the welding of the inner low alloy steel part, and Even when the clad material is welded, it is possible to obtain a welded portion free from defects due to component dilution and the like, and it is possible to realize stable and rapid production in line with pipe manufacturing such as the UOE method.
【図１】クラッド鋼の開先を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a view showing a groove of clad steel.
【図２】本発明の溶接工程を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a welding process of the present invention.
【図３】本発明のクラッド材の溶接装置を示す図であ
る。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a clad material welding apparatus of the present invention.
【図４】本発明のワイヤー配置を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a wire arrangement of the present invention.
【符号の説明】 １ クラッド材 ２ 低合金鋼 ３ 内側シーム部 ４ 外側シーム部 ５ 内側開先 ６ 外側開先 ７ 仮付け溶接 ８ 内側ガスシールド溶接部 ９ 内側潜弧溶接部 １０ 外側潜弧溶接部 １１ 溶接チップ １２ ワイヤー送給装置 １３，１４ 溶接ワイヤー １５ 溶接電源 １６ 溶融池[Explanation of symbols] 1 clad material 2 low alloy steel 3 inner seam portion 4 outer seam portion 5 inner groove 6 outer groove 7 temporary welding 8 inner gas shield welding portion 9 inner latent arc welding portion 10 outer latent arc welding portion 11 Welding tip 12 Wire feeder 13,14 Welding wire 15 Welding power source 16 Weld pool
Claims (4)
高Ｎｉ系合金鋼などの高合金（以下クラッド材という）
からなるクラッド鋼にＸ型の開先加工をほどこし、該Ｘ
型開先部をシーム溶接して、クラッド鋼管を製造するに
あたり、内側突き合わせ部分の低合金鋼開先部分をクラ
ッド材を溶融しないように低合金鋼用溶接ワイヤーでワ
イヤー溶融量を制御しながら炭酸ガス、ＭＩＧあるいは
ＭＡＧなどでガスシールド溶接を行ない、次いで内側ク
ラッド材を潜弧溶接するに際して、１つの電源に接続す
る２本の高合金系溶接ワイヤーを電極とし、この２本の
ワイヤー間隔を前記内側開先幅よりわずかに広幅とし、
かつシーム溶接線方向に直角となるように配置して溶接
することを特徴とするクラッド鋼管の溶接方法。1. A low alloy steel on the outside and a high alloy such as stainless steel on the inside or high Ni alloy steel (hereinafter referred to as a clad material)
The clad steel consisting of
When seam-welding the mold groove to manufacture a clad steel pipe, the carbon dioxide is controlled while controlling the wire melting amount with a welding wire for low-alloy steel so that the clad material does not melt at the groove part of the low-alloy steel at the inner butting part. When performing gas shield welding with gas, MIG, MAG, etc., and then performing subarc welding of the inner clad material, two high alloy welding wires connected to one power source are used as electrodes, and the distance between these two wires is as described above. Slightly wider than the inner groove width,
A method for welding a clad steel pipe, which comprises arranging and welding at a right angle to the seam welding line direction.
高Ｎｉ系合金鋼などの高合金（以下クラッド材という）
からなるクラッド鋼にＸ型の開先加工をほどこし、該Ｘ
型開先部をシーム溶接して、クラッド鋼管を製造するに
あたり、内側に深さが８〜１１mm、角度が６０〜８０°
の開先を設け、突合せルート厚み３〜９mm、さらに外側
に角度が６０〜１００°となる開先を設けて突合せシー
ム溶接部を形成し、外側開先底部に低合金鋼用溶接ワイ
ヤーで仮付溶接をし、次いで内側低合金鋼開先部分をク
ラッド材を溶融しないように低合金鋼用溶接ワイヤーで
ワイヤー溶融量を制御しながらガスシールド溶接を行な
い、さらに内側のクラッド材部分を溶接するに際し、１
つのワイヤー送給機構から供給される２本の高合金系溶
接ワイヤーをワイヤー間隔が前記内側開先幅よりやや広
くするとともに、シーム溶接線方向に直角となるように
配置して潜弧溶接することを特徴とするクラッド鋼管の
溶接方法。2. A low alloy steel on the outside and a high alloy such as stainless steel on the inside or high Ni alloy steel (hereinafter referred to as a clad material)
The clad steel consisting of
When manufacturing a clad steel pipe by seam welding the mold groove, the depth is 8-11 mm and the angle is 60-80 °.
Groove is provided, the butt root thickness is 3 to 9 mm, and the groove having an angle of 60 to 100 ° is provided on the outer side to form a butt seam welded portion, and the bottom of the outer groove is temporarily welded with a low alloy steel welding wire. Welding, and then gas shield welding is performed while controlling the wire melting amount with a welding wire for low alloy steel so that the inner low alloy steel groove is not melted, and then the inner clad material is welded. On the occasion of 1
Two high alloy welding wires supplied from two wire feeding mechanisms are arranged so that the wire interval is slightly wider than the inner groove width and are arranged so as to be at right angles to the seam welding line, and the latent arc welding is performed. A method for welding a clad steel pipe characterized by:
ことを特徴とする請求項１あるいは２記載のクラッド鋼
管の溶接方法。3. The method for welding a clad steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein the inner clad material has a thickness of 2 to 4 mm.
かつ該開先部分を潜弧溶接する２本の高合金系溶接ワイ
ヤー間隔を１３〜１７mm幅とすることを特徴とする請求
項１あるいは２記載のクラッド鋼管の溶接方法。4. The inner groove width is approximately 12 to 14 mm,
The method for welding a clad steel pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the interval between the two high alloy welding wires for welding the groove portion by latent arc welding is 13 to 17 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6501392A JPH05277740A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Welding method for clad steel pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6501392A JPH05277740A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Welding method for clad steel pipe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH05277740A true JPH05277740A (en) | 1993-10-26 |
Family
ID=13274675
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6501392A Withdrawn JPH05277740A (en) | 1992-03-23 | 1992-03-23 | Welding method for clad steel pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH05277740A (en) |
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