JPH04319143A - Dwelling unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct the average high and medium rise building of a unit type by presenting a dwelling equipment for increasing the rigidity of a frame, and building a ventilating duct and an exhaust duct for feeding warmed air and cooled air to rooms on the periphery of the dwelling unit, jointed to said ventilating duct, in an frame internal-section. CONSTITUTION:A dwelling equipment is composed of four column bodies 10a, and an upper beam section 10b and a lower beam section 10c for connecting the upper ends and lower ends of the column bodies 10a respectively to each other with, in a box type. On two surfaces adjacent to each other at least among the respective six surfaces of the front, rear, left, right, upper, and lower sections of the box type dwelling-equipment, the rigidity increasing members 10d of braces, yield strength walls, or the like are arranged. In the internal section of the strengthened dwelling equipment, a ventilating duct 11 is set along the vertical direction, and to the ventilating duct 11, an exhaust duct 14 for discharging warmed air, cooled air, or the like to the internal section of respective dwelling equipments 10 adjacent to the strengthened dwelling equipment is jointed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention comprises a plurality of columns and an upper beam section and a lower beam section that span between the upper and lower ends of the column sections and constitute a framework for a ceiling section and a floor section. The present invention relates to a housing unit configured in a box shape, and particularly relates to a housing unit equipped with a ventilation duct inside.

0002

[Prior Art] In recent years, due to the shortage of land in large cities and to accommodate the required number of housing units, apartment complexes in urban areas have been constructed from medium-rise apartment buildings to high-rise apartment complexes with, for example, 10 to 15 floors. It has become.

[0003] These are generally SRC structures whose pillars are mainly made of H-shaped steel, the girder rows are large PC boards that integrate the steel beams and wall parts, the door boundary walls are PC boards with braces, and the floors are made of SRC structures. It was constructed on-site and basically applied the construction methods used for conventional office buildings. Incidentally, even in this type of housing complex, in order to reduce redundant costs of time, materials, and labor and to obtain high-quality housing, prefabricated housing like single-family houses has been promoted.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show conventional examples of construction techniques for such prefabricated mid-to-high-rise buildings.

The unit construction method shown in FIG. 7 involves inserting a housing unit 2 assembled into a box shape into a space frame 1 whose main structure is H-shaped steel, and the housing unit 2 is lifted up by a crane 3. It is placed on a lifting plate 4 which also serves as a pushing jig, faces the insertion portion 1a of the space frame 1, and is inserted into the insertion portion 1a by an insertion device provided on the lifting plate 4.

The unit construction method shown in FIG. 8 is also called a block construction method, in which steel-framed space units (dwelling unit units) 5 are stacked on site using a crane 6. The space units 5 that can be stacked on site have a width of 3,150 mm and a depth of 11 mm.
, 270, height 2,670, and weight 9 to 10 tons.The structure is a rigid frame in the column direction and a multi-column Vierendiel truss in the span direction.
For the exterior walls of the units, a curtain wall made of steel-resistant steel sheets is pre-installed at the factory, and the sash and glass are also installed at the factory.

[0007]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned unit construction method still has the following problems.

First, in the unit construction method as shown in FIG.
Since it is necessary to lift the space frame 1 to a position facing the insertion part 1a and push the dwelling unit 2 into the insertion part 1a, the efficiency of construction work on site is poor, and it is also necessary to place the dwelling unit 2 in front of the space frame 1. The problem is that it is necessary to secure a work space for the workers to do the work.

Second, a housing unit 5 as shown in FIG.
In the unit construction method, in which buildings are built by stacking up buildings, the structure of each housing unit must be strengthened to improve its strength against vertical and horizontal loads, which increases the cost of each housing unit. The problem is that the overall cost is high.

[0010] Therefore, as a result of intensive research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventor of the present invention arranged multiple rows of housing units constituting the housing units on the first floor on the first floor of a building, front to back, left and right, and each housing unit In a mid-to-high-rise building where the housing units constituting each floor of the building are stacked on top of each other and the adjacent housing units are integrated in the front, back, left, right, top and bottom, at least one row of housing units stacked continuously in the vertical direction. The rigidity is made stronger than that of the housing units in other rows,
If this row of reinforced housing units is made to take on the horizontal load, it is possible to construct a medium-to-high-rise building with great strength by simply reinforcing at least one row of housing units, thereby reducing construction costs. They came up with the idea that it would be possible to increase the efficiency of construction work on site.

[0011] However, the reality is that such a perforated housing unit is not currently available, and the development of a reinforced housing unit has been desired.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to provide a reinforced housing unit suitable for application to the assembly of mid-to-high-rise buildings.

[0013]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention arranges multiple rows of housing units constituting the housing units on the first floor on the first floor of a building, front and rear, right and left, and above each housing unit. A mid-to-high-rise building constructed by stacking the housing units constituting each floor of the building and integrating the adjacent housing units in the front, back, left, right, top and bottom, with the housing units constituting at least one row along the vertical direction among the housing units. The unit consists of four pillars, an upper beam and a lower beam that connect the upper and lower ends of these pillars, and a front, rear, left, right, top, and bottom section surrounded by these pillars, upper beam, and lower beam. It consists of rigid reinforcing members such as braces and load-bearing walls built into at least two adjacent sides of each of the six sides, and a ventilation duct is installed along the vertical direction inside this reinforced housing unit, and This ventilation duct is characterized by being connected to an exhaust duct that exhausts hot air, cold air, etc. toward the inside of each housing unit adjacent to the reinforced housing unit.

[0014]

[Operation] According to the present invention, the rigidity of braces, load-bearing walls, etc. built into at least two adjacent sides of the six sides (front, rear, left, right, top, and bottom) surrounded by the column, upper beam, and lower beam is strengthened. The members strengthen the rigidity of the entire unit, and the ducts disposed inside the unit provide ventilation into the dwelling units disposed around the reinforced dwelling unit.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the basic structure of a mid-to-high-rise building constructed using the housing unit according to the present invention. This mid-to-high-rise building is basically a housing unit built into a box shape by four pillars 10a, and upper and lower beams 10b and 10c that connect the upper and lower ends of these pillars 10a, respectively. 10, 10A, 10
B are arranged in multiple rows from the first floor of the building in the front, back, left, and right (in the illustrated example, three rows in the front and four rows in the left and right), and each housing unit 10, 10
A, housing unit 1 composing each floor of the building above 10B
The basic structure is that the housing units 10, 10A, 10B are stacked up and the adjacent dwelling units 10, 10A, 10B are mutually integrated in the front, back, left, right, top and bottom.

In this embodiment, the first and second reinforced housing units 10A and 10 are reinforced in rigidity compared to the housing units 10 that account for the majority of the housing units.
B are stacked in the center of the exterior side of the building (front side and right side side in Figure 1), and the horizontal load of the building is borne by these first and second housing units 10A and 10B. It looks like this.

That is, in the building shown in FIG.
1st and 2nd places, respectively (on the middle right side and the bottom)
A reinforced housing unit row R is provided by stacking reinforced housing unit units 10A and 10B, and the housing units 10 are installed along these reinforced housing unit rows R.

[0019]The first reinforced housing unit 10
As the details of A are shown in FIG. 3, the whole is a square box type, and more specifically, it is as follows.
Column portions 10a erected at the four corners, upper beam portions 10b and lower beam portions 10c that span between the upper and lower ends of these pillar portions 10a and serve as the upper and lower frameworks of the unit,
Walls 10d provided on each of the six inner and upper surfaces of the unit (ceiling surface, floor surface) and on the side facing the exterior of the building.
It is mainly composed of.

[0020] Furthermore, the wall body 10d is
In order to increase the rigidity of 0A, the column part 10a, the upper beam part 10b,
It is provided inside surrounded by the lower beam portion 10c, and serves as a so-called rigidity reinforcing member to share the horizontal force that acts on the unit during an earthquake.

In the drawing, the wall 10d is used as an earthquake-resistant element, but the present invention is not limited to this illustrated example. For example, a brace, a truss, etc. may be provided in place of the wall 10d. You can do it like this. Further, it is also possible to form an opening such as a window in the wall 10d.

On the other hand, this first reinforced housing unit 10A
Inside, there is a ventilation duct 11 and various other piping 12, 1.
A storage section S for storing 3, etc. is provided adjacent to the wall body 10d on the outer wall side, and the ventilation duct 11 includes a first
Each housing unit 1 adjacent to the reinforced housing unit 10A
An exhaust duct 14 for exhausting hot air, cold air, etc. is connected to the inside of the housing 0, as shown by arrow A.

In this embodiment, the exhaust duct 14 is housed in the ceiling C of the unit 10A, and the exhaust duct 14 is branched into three parts from the center, with each end facing toward the side of the unit. It is connected to the louver section 15 of.

[0024] Furthermore, it goes without saying that the reinforced dwelling unit 10A is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 2, and may take various forms depending on the arrangement position of the reinforced dwelling unit 10A.

[0025]The second reinforced housing unit 10B is
Basically, like the first reinforced housing unit 10A,
Column portions 10a erected at the four corners, upper beam portions 10b and lower beam portions 10c that span between the upper and lower ends of these pillar portions 10a and serve as the upper and lower frameworks of the unit,
Walls 10d provided on each of the six inner and upper surfaces of the unit (ceiling surface, floor surface) and on the side facing the exterior of the building.
In addition, a storage section S for storing the ventilation duct 11 and various other piping 12, 13, etc. is provided adjacent to the wall 10d on the outer wall side, and the ventilation duct 11 has a reinforced housing unit. Warm air,
An exhaust duct 14 is connected to exhaust cold air and the like.

However, this second reinforced housing unit 10
In case B, the installation position is such that one side in the width direction faces the outside of the building, as shown in Figure 2, so the tip of the exhaust duct 14 is located on both sides in the length direction of the unit. , and one side in the width direction, respectively, so that warm air, cold air, etc. can be exhausted into the unit on the opening side.

[0027] Furthermore, the reinforced housing units 10A, 10
The configuration of B is not limited to the illustrated example, and in the present invention, in order to further strengthen the rigidity of the dwelling unit, rigidity reinforcing members such as the wall 10d are further assembled on the sides other than the upper and lower surfaces of the unit, Of course, the strength and rigidity of the unit may be increased.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, a description will be given of the dwelling unit 10 that occupies the majority of buildings. It is mainly composed of an upper beam part 10b and a lower beam part 10c, which span over the upper and lower parts of the unit, and a small beam part 10f, which is installed above and below the unit.

The configuration of the dwelling unit 10 is not limited to the illustrated example, and can be modified in various ways based on the design requirements of the building to be constructed.

By the way, the column section 10a that bears the vertical load of the unit must have a larger column cross section as the building becomes more multi-story. This is the treatment of furniture, etc.

[0031] That is, in the housing unit of a detached house, the cross-sectional size of the column portion 10a is set to be constant;
The dimensions of furniture, etc. are predetermined in accordance with the internal dimensions La and Lb of the column portion 10a, but when the building becomes a multi-story building of medium to high-rise buildings or higher, the cross-sectional shape of the column portion 10a may be enlarged. In order to reinforce the pillars, the internal dimension L between the pillars
a and Lb change depending on the size of the column cross section, making it impossible to assemble furniture of a predetermined size between the columns.

Therefore, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG.
When the inner dimensions La and Lb between the columns are kept constant and the cross section of the column portion 10a is increased, the width of the column is increased toward the outside of the unit. That is, in the example,
The feature is that the size of the column cross section surrounded by the module cores M-M that intersect in the front, rear, left, and right directions is constant, and the width of the column is increased based on this portion.

[0033] This concept is based on the beam parts 10b and 10c.
Needless to say, the same applies to the case where the cross section of is increased.

Furthermore, as reinforcement techniques for the dwelling unit units 10 and 10A, it goes without saying that not only methods of increasing the cross section of columns and beams, but also methods of reinforcing wall thickness, load-bearing walls, etc. can be applied.

[0035] Further, as a means for connecting the dwelling unit units, for example, a method such as bolt connection is applied, but other means may be used as long as the dwelling unit units can be integrated.

Furthermore, in the illustrated examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the dwelling unit is constructed of only a so-called frame, but inside the dwelling unit there are interior components such as a bath unit, sanitary unit, partition furniture, etc. Needless to say, it is also possible to have a configuration in which the components are assembled in advance.

Furthermore, the length, width, height, and other dimensions of the dwelling units are set within the limits of the trucks used to transport them from the factory to the site.

Next, the operation of the dwelling unit constructed as above will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 1, in order to construct this mid-to-high-rise building, reinforced housing units 10A, 10B and housing unit 10 are manufactured in a factory or the like, and these are transported to the site by truck or the like. Dwelling units 10A, 10B, and 10 are arranged in three columns and four rows from the first floor.

[0040] These housing units 10A, 10B, 10
In this arrangement, reinforced housing units 10A and 10B are installed, and the housing units 10 are arranged in line with these reinforced housing units 10A and 10B.

Next, the reinforced housing units 10A, 10B and the housing unit 10 are placed on top of the reinforced housing units 10A, 10B and the housing unit 10, respectively, using a crane.
By stacking these in succession and connecting adjacent units in the front, rear, left, and right directions, a mid-to-high-rise building as shown in Figure 1 is completed.

[0042] As shown in Fig. 7, for example, the housing unit 10 can be lifted by using the reinforced housing unit 10B as a stand and installing a tower crane 20 on top of the reinforced housing unit 10B. do.

[0043] This construction method involves transporting the housing units 10A, 10B, and 10 manufactured at a factory to the site and stacking them one by one using the tower crane 20. can improve workability.

[0044] In the embodiment, the reinforced dwelling unit 10A is
, 10B are each provided with ventilation ducts 11, and exhaust ducts 14 connected to these ventilation ducts 11 can provide ventilation to the surrounding housing units of the reinforced housing units 10A and 10B, so that so-called piping equipment is used. There is no need to construct on-site, which improves on-site work efficiency.

In addition, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, by widening the width of the columns and beams outward from the unit while keeping the width dimension inside the module core constant, the width of the columns and beams is increased.
Since the cross section of the beam is increased, it is possible to standardize interior parts such as unitized furniture built into the interior of the housing unit in all the housing units 10A and 10 that make up the building, and the number of interior parts is reduced. This has the advantage that installation is not inconvenient.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the most rigidly reinforced dwelling unit units (reinforced dwelling unit units) 10A and 10B are stacked in the center of the building to form a highly rigid columnar frame. It is possible to create a frame structure that increases the rigidity of the building against horizontal forces. Therefore, the horizontal force applied to the building is transmitted to the frame at the four corners where the rigidity is the strongest, and the horizontal force is borne by these parts, so the horizontal force applied to the building is transferred to the other housing units 10 in the structural design. Moreover, it does not impose a large burden, and the strength required of the members constituting the dwelling unit 10 is small, so that the overall structure of the building can be constructed at low cost.

[0047] The shapes and dimensions of each component shown in the embodiments are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on the design requirements of the building to which they are applied. The position is also not limited to the example, and various arrangements can be adopted depending on the form of the building.

Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6,
Although only the building frame is schematically shown, it goes without saying that each dwelling unit is coated with fireproof coating and the like.

[0049]

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the dwelling unit according to the present invention is assembled on at least two adjacent sides of the six sides (front, rear, left, right, top, and bottom) surrounded by the column, the upper beam part, and the lower beam part. The rigidity of the unit itself is high due to rigidity reinforcement members such as braces and load-bearing walls.In addition, the ventilation duct installed inside the reinforced housing unit and the exhaust duct connected to this ventilation duct make it possible to increase the rigidity of surrounding housing units. Since ventilation can be carried out, there is no need to construct so-called piping equipment on site, and work efficiency on site can be improved. As a result, it is possible to provide a reinforced housing unit suitable for use in assembling medium-to-high-rise buildings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a mid-to-high-rise building to which a dwelling unit according to an embodiment is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a mid-to-high-rise building to which a housing unit according to an embodiment is applied.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a reinforced dwelling unit.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a dwelling unit.

FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing the configuration of a column portion of the dwelling unit.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the construction state of a medium-to-high-rise building.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view shown to explain a conventional method of unitizing a medium-to-high-rise building.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view illustrating a unitization method for medium-to-high-rise buildings according to another conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

10A, 10B Reinforced housing unit 10 Residential unit 10a Column part 10b Upper beam part 10c Lower beam part 10d Wall part 10f Small beam part 20 Tower crane

Claims (1)

[Claims] [Claim 1] On the first floor of a building, multiple rows of housing units that make up the housing units on the first floor are arranged in front, back, left, and right, and the housing units that make up each floor of the building are stacked on top of each housing unit, so that the housing units that make up the housing units on the first floor are stacked on top of each other, and the housing units that make up the living units on the first floor are stacked on top of each other. A mid-to-high-rise building constructed by integrating housing units adjacent to each other, wherein the housing units constituting at least one row along the vertical direction have four pillars and the upper ends of these pillars. and an upper beam portion and a lower beam portion that connect the lower ends, and these columns,
This reinforced dwelling unit is composed of rigid reinforcement members such as braces and load-bearing walls built into at least two adjacent sides of the six sides (front, rear, left, right, top and bottom) surrounded by the upper and lower beam parts, and A ventilation duct is installed inside the building along the vertical direction, and an exhaust duct is connected to this ventilation duct to exhaust hot air, cold air, etc. toward the inside of each housing unit adjacent to the reinforced housing unit. A residential unit characterized by: