JPH04208303A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform an automatic discharging of ash dusts produced after combustion through a discharging port by a method wherein a cup-shaped hearth of which rotational speed can be changed is installed in such a way as it can be inclined and held, a primary combustion air supplying hole and a secondary combustion air supplying hole are connected through an air supplying adjusting valve. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of primary combustion air supplying holes 20 opened substantially in a downward direction at a furnace head 11 are communicated with the first air supplying passage 38. Secondary many combustion air supplying holes 21 opened toward a central part of the furnace are communicated with the secondary air supplying passage 17. An air supplying adjusting valve 22 adjusts an amount of supplying air toward the first and second air supplying passages 38 and 17. A flame in a new combustion layer becomes a large ring-like flame directed toward a central part along a circumferential edge of the hearth 2. The flame keeps the hearth 2 at a high temperature to promote a drying of ignited item and then the ash dusts are directed toward the central part. The ignited item is dried and started to be self ignite, thereafter the air supplying adjusting valve 22 is adjusted and a large amount of air are supplied to the second air supplying passage 17. Required amount of oxygen is automatically supplemented with air supplied through the primary combustion air supplying hole 20 and the secondary air supplying hole 21 and then the ash dusts are prevented from being flown up with the supplied air from the secondary combustion air supplying hole 21.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention deals with waste, J1! garbage.

The present invention relates to an incinerator used to incinerate sludge, waste oil, waste plastic sludge, waste water, etc.

(Prior Art) The present applicant previously filed an application for this type of incinerator with Japanese Patent Application No. 196702 titled ``Incinerator 1''. This incinerator has a bowl-shaped hearth that is tilted as a whole and is rotatable at variable speeds, an ash discharge port that protrudes from the center of the hearth, and a hearth that covers the top of the hearth. , a primary combustion supply hole connected to a blower and drilled in the reactor head facing substantially downward, and a large number of secondary combustion air holes connected to the blower and drilled in the reactor head facing toward the reactor core. It is composed of a combustion air supply hole. By configuring in this way, the following effects are brought about. In other words, the materials to be incinerated are repeatedly transferred and separated due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the hearth and the inclination of the hearth.As a result, there is no need to provide a stirring device in the incinerator, so The structure is simpler, and there is no risk of failure and continuous combustion can be performed.

(bl) Due to the air supplied from the primary combustion air supply hole, the flame in the fresh combustion layer swirls along the periphery of the hearth and forms a thick ring toward the center, which keeps the hearth at a high temperature and prevents the incineration from burning. Drying can be accelerated and ash dust can be directed towards the center.

(Light ash is almost unaffected by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the hearth, and is naturally discharged as it reaches the ash outlet due to the wind pressure from the primary combustion air supply hole and the pressure caused by the transfer of fluidized sand and heavy materials to be incinerated.) Ru.

(d)) By supplying air from the secondary combustion air supply hole, it is possible to suppress the flying up of ash dust.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) By the way, cotton waste etc. has a lower specific gravity than ash dust, and as a result, wind pressure or centrifugal force cannot be applied to ash dust. Therefore,
When incinerating cotton waste, etc. with the hearth tilted at about 1, as described above, ash dust will accumulate around the periphery of the hearth together with heavy fluidized sand, and the ash dust will naturally flow out from the ash outlet. The problem is that it cannot be discharged.

(Ul, Means for Solving the Problem) The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and as a means thereof, a bowl-shaped a hearth; an ash discharge port projecting from the center of the hearth; a hearth covering the upper part of the hearth; In the incinerator, the hearth can be tilted and held in an incinerator comprising a primary combustion air supply hole, which is connected to a blower, and a large number of secondary combustion air supply holes bored in the furnace head toward the reactor core. In addition, the primary combustion air supply hole and the secondary combustion air supply hole are connected via an air supply adjustment valve.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an incinerator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hearth is tilted, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the tilting mechanism. .

As shown in FIG. 1, a bowl-shaped hearth 2 is disposed inside the frame 1. An ash discharge port 3 is provided in the center of the hearth 2 in an upwardly protruding manner.
A discharge pipe 4 is connected to. Here, the discharge pipe 4 is provided with an automatic opening/closing device 4a at its lower end, and when the discharge pipe 4 is filled with ash, the automatic opening/closing device t4a opens and discharges the ash to the waiting moving vehicle 15. It is marked C so that it can be done. Further, a rotating device 30 is provided below the hearth 2, and the hearth 2 can be rotated by the rotating device 304.

Here, the rotating device 30 will be explained in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, a gear chamber 37 is fixed around the discharge pipe 4, and a gear 33 is rotatably accommodated in the gear chamber 37. The gear 33 is connected to the hearth 2 via a cylindrical connecting member 34, so that the hearth 2 can be rotated as the gear 33 rotates. . In addition, the gear 33 is
It is connected via a gear 32 to a variable speed motor 31 as a drive source.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gear chamber 37 (FIG. 2) includes:
One end of tilting rods 8a, 8b extending left and right is fixed, and a sliding body 9a is attached to the other end of each of the tilting rods 8a, 8b.
, 9b are attached.

The sliding bodies 9a, 9b are slidably supported by guide rails 7a, 7b provided on the frame 1. Here, hydraulic cylinders 10a and 10b are connected to the tilting rods 3a and sb, respectively, and by driving the hydraulic cylinders IOa and 10b, the tilting rod 8
By tilting a and 8b, the hearth 2 can be held at any inclination angle (see Fig. 2).

The frame body 1 has a hearth head 11 that covers the upper part of the hearth 2.
is fixed. Furnace YJJ11 is provided with an input port 12 on its side and an exhaust port 13 on its top. Further, the furnace head 11 is provided with a jacket 16 on its upper surface, thereby forming first and second air supply passages 38.17. A blower 19 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1, and the blower 19 is connected to the first and second air supply passages 38.17 via a bi 118. Here, the pipe 18 is provided with an air supply regulating valve 22, which allows the first and second air supply paths 38.
The amount of air supplied to 17 can be adjusted. That is, if the amount of air supplied to the first air supply path 38 is increased, the amount of air supplied to the second air supply path 17 is decreased, and the amount of air supplied to the first air supply path 38 is decreased. If the amount of air supplied to the second air supply path 17 is decreased, the amount of air supplied to the second air supply path 17 is increased. A plurality of primary combustion air supply holes 20 are bored in the furnace head 11 so as to face substantially downward, and the primary combustion air supply holes 2o are located in the same direction as the first combustion air supply holes 20.
It is in communication with the air supply path 38 of.

Further, a large number of secondary combustion air supply holes 21 are bored in the reactor head 11 facing the reactor core, and the secondary combustion air supply holes 21 are in communication with the second air supply passage 17. There is. still,
In FIG. 1, 23 is a thermometer and 14 is a burner.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, in the state shown in FIG. 1, the material to be incinerated is introduced into the hearth 2 through the inlet 12. Next, the hydraulic cylinder 10a,
By driving 10b, the tilting rods 8a and 8b are tilted to hold the hearth 2 at an appropriate inclination angle (Fig. 2).
. Next, the burner 14 ignites the material to be incinerated.

In this state, the motor 31 is driven to rotate the hearth 2. Then, the material to be incinerated is repeatedly transferred and separated due to the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the hearth 2 and the inclination of the hearth 2, and a fresh combustion layer is constantly exposed on the upper surface, so that a good continuous combustion condition can be obtained. I can do it. Therefore, there is no need to provide a stirring device inside the hearth 2, and as a result, the structure inside the combustion furnace is simplified and there is no possibility of failure. In addition, at the time of ignition, the air supply adjustment valve 22 is adjusted to open the first air supply path 38.
Make sure to make sure that plenty of air is supplied to the area. Then, due to the air supplied from the -fire combustion air supply hole 20, the flame in the fresh combustion layer forms a thick ring shape along the periphery of the hearth 2 toward the center, thereby keeping the hearth 2 at a high temperature and incinerating it. Not only can the drying of objects be accelerated, but also the ash can be directed towards the center. Since the material to be incinerated begins to self-combust after drying, the burner 14 may be stopped at this point. After the material to be incinerated begins to self-combust, the air supply adjustment valve 22 is adjusted so that more air is supplied to the second air supply path 17. Then, the primary combustion air supply hole 20 and the secondary The air supplied from the combustion air supply hole 21 can replenish the M element necessary for self-combustion, and the air supplied from the secondary combustion air supply hole 21 can suppress the flying up of ash dust. During incineration, due to the difference in specific gravity, there is a layer 24 on the periphery of the hearth 2 that is relatively heavy and becomes a flame, a layer 25 that burns as charcoal in the middle, and a layer 25 that burns as charcoal in the center. An ash dust layer 26 and a heavy high-temperature non-combustible fluidized sand layer 27 are formed at the bottom, which gradually migrate during the combustion process. At this time, the fluidized sand is occasionally supplemented with limestone particles to neutralize the gas. Furthermore, due to the action of centrifugal force, unburned materials heavier than ash remain and are not pushed outside during a certain period of time as in other furnaces. The light ash dust layer 26 is hardly affected by the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the hearth, and the ash exhaust layer located in the center is affected by the pressing effect due to the transfer of heavy fluidized sand and materials to be incinerated, and by the wind pressure from the combustion air supply hole 20. It reaches outlet 3 and is naturally discharged.

By the way, since the specific gravity of cotton waste and the like is smaller than that of ash dust, the wind pressure from the primary combustion air supply hole 20 cannot be applied to the cotton waste and ash dust.

Therefore, if cotton waste or the like is incinerated with the hearth 2 tilted as described above, ash dust will accumulate around the periphery of the hearth 20, and the ash dust will be naturally discharged from the ash discharge port 3. It is not possible. For this reason, when incinerating light materials such as cotton waste, it is preferable to rotate the hearth 2 horizontally at low speed and incinerate it with air supplied from the secondary combustion air supply holes 21. When incinerated in this manner, the ash dust slides on the inner surface of the bowl-shaped hearth 2, reaches the ash outlet 3, and is naturally discharged (see Fig. 1).

In the above embodiment, one end of the tilting rods 8a, 8b is fixed to the gear chamber 37, which is fixed via the hearth 2c: discharge pipe 4, and a sliding body 9a is attached to the other end of the tilting rod 8a, 3b, respectively.
, 9b, and the sliding body 9a.

9b provided on the frame 1, the guide rail 7a, ? The hearth 2 is made to be able to tilt by being slidably supported by the gear chamber 37, but the structure is not limited to this.For example, as shown in FIG. One end of the L-shaped swinging rods 35a, 35b is fixed, and the swinging rods 35a,
Connect the other end of 35b to the shaft 36&.

It may also be pivoted to the frame 1 via 36b.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above and allows the inclination angle of the hearth to be set arbitrarily, so when incinerating objects heavier than ash dust, the hearth is tilted. When incinerating objects lighter than ash dust, the hearth is rotated at low speed in a horizontal position, and the ash dust generated after incineration is incinerated by air supplied from the secondary combustion air supply hole. It has an excellent effect in that it can be naturally discharged from the discharge port.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an incinerator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hearth is tilted, and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the tilting mechanism. . 1... Frame body 2... Hearth 3...
・Ash discharge port a, 7b...Guide rail 8a, 8b...Tilt rod 9a, 9b...Sliding body 10a, 10b...Hydraulic cylinder 11...Furnace head 17. ...Second air supply path 19...Blower 20...Primary combustion air supply hole 21...Secondary combustion air supply hole 22...
・Air supply adjustment valve 30...Rotating device 35a,
35b... Swinging rods 35a, 36b... Shaft 38... First air supply path Fig. 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A bowl-shaped hearth provided to be rotatable at variable speeds, an ash discharge port projecting from approximately the center of the hearth, a hearth covering the upper part of the hearth, and connected to a blower; A primary combustion air supply hole is provided in the reactor head facing substantially downward, and a number of secondary combustion air supply holes are also connected to a blower and are provided in the reactor head toward the reactor core. An incinerator characterized in that the hearth is provided so as to be tiltable and the primary combustion air supply hole and the secondary combustion air supply hole are connected through an air supply adjustment valve.