JPH03241256A - Automatically opening and closing ventilator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform ventilation by resiliently energizing first and second movable blades in opposite directions by bias springs and shape memory springs having transformation temperatures different from each other thereby making the openings of first and second movable blades naturally and automatically communicate with each other without using any outside driving apparatus. CONSTITUTION:First and second shape memory springs 32 and 40, respectively, are transformed at temperatures different from each other. In a given set temperature range, the first and second shape memory springs 32 and 40 permit the openings of first and second fixed blades 18 and 24 and the first and second movable blades 32 and 40, respectively, to communicate with each other to allow the outside and inside air to automatically communicate with each other and, in the other temperature ranges, close the openings of the movable blade 22 (28) and the fixed blade 18 (24) of at least one of blade pairs. Therefore, a wind passage can be opened by combining the shape memory springs with transformation temperatures different from each other to make all the openings communicate with one another in the given set temperature range. Thus, a communication and ventilation can be simply and easily performed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention ■1 Object of the Invention (1) Industrial field The present invention relates to a naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device that can naturally ventilate indoor and outdoor air without using a blade opening/closing control or drive device.

(2) Conventional technology Conventionally, as a ventilation device used to ventilate indoor and outdoor air, a rotating shaft is supported in a cylindrical body interposed in a ventilation flow path, and this rotating shaft has a so-called butterfly shape. There are two known types, one in which the blades are fixed and manually opened and closed, and the other in which the opening and closing of the blades is linked to a thermostat and driven by a motor.

(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, according to the conventional manually operated ventilation vent device described above, the blades must be manually opened and closed each time the temperature changes depending on the season, day or night, etc. It was complicated.

In addition, motor drive not only has a complicated structure and high cost, but also requires complicated construction work and takes a long time. It has drawbacks such as being dangerous in cases where there are too many people using it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art.
a first pair of blades having a first fixed and movable blade with a wind flow path opening, and a second fixed and movable blade parallel to the first blade pair and also having a wind flow path opening; and a second pair of blades having.

The first and second movable blades are biased in opposite rotational directions by a bias spring and a shape memory spring having different transformation temperatures, and the external drive device can be operated within a desired set temperature range with an extremely simple structure. It is an object of the present invention to provide a naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device which naturally and automatically connects the openings of a first and second pair of blades for ventilation without intervention.

Il. Structure of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a cylinder 12 provided interposed in a ventilation flow path, and a cylinder inside the cylinder, The first fixed blade 18 is provided in a direction intersecting the flow path of the air flow path and is provided with an opening 18a that forms a wind flow path, and the first fixed blade is loosely attached to a pivot 20 provided at a substantially central position of the first fixed blade, A first blade pair 14 including a first movable blade 22 having an opening 22a that is substantially the same as the opening 18a and rotating in sliding contact with the first fixed blade 18; The openings 2 are provided in the cylindrical body 12 so as to be arranged in parallel at intervals.
4a, and the second fixed blade 24 is loosely attached to a pivot 26 provided at a substantially central position of the second fixed blade, and has an opening 28a that is substantially the same as the opening 24a. and a second movable vane 28 that rotates in sliding contact with the first movable vane 28, and a second movable vane 28 that rotates in sliding contact with the first movable vane 22. A bias spring 34 and a first shape memory spring 32 are provided, and a second bias spring 38 and a second shape memory spring 40 are provided so as to generate a biasing force on the second movable blade 28 in 6 mutually opposite rotational directions, The first and second shape memory springs 32 and 40 are transformed at mutually different transformation temperatures, and the first and second fixed blades 18 are transformed at an arbitrary set temperature range.
．． 24 and the openings 18a of the first and second movable blades 22.28
, 22a, 24a, and 28a to allow automatic flow of outside and inside air, and in other temperature ranges, the opening between the movable blade and the fixed blade of at least one of the blade pairs is closed. It is composed of a ventilation port device 10.

Also, a first
The shape memory spring 32 transforms at a transformation temperature of 20° C., works with the first bias spring 34 to close the opening 18a of the first fixed blade 18 at temperatures below 20° C., and contracts and closes at temperatures above 20° C. When the openings 18a and 22a are made to communicate with each other, the second
Second shape memory spring 4 that biases the movable blade 28 in the rotational direction
0 undergoes transformation at a transformation temperature of 30°C, and cooperates with the second bias spring 38 to cause the second fixed blade 24 and the second
The openings 24a and 28a of the movable blade 28 are communicated with each other at 30°C.
The configuration can be made such that the openings 24a, 28a of the second fixed and movable blades 24, 28 are closed by contracting and closing as described above.

(2) Effect 1. The second pair of blades each have a second pair of blades. It has a second fixed blade and first and second movable disk-shaped blades that slide and rotate with these fixed blades, and all of the blades are provided with openings. Each movable blade is biased in one rotational direction by a shape memory spring, and biased in the opposite rotational direction by a bias spring usually made of metal, so that different transformations occur. By combining shape-memory springs with bulges and connecting all the openings only in a given temperature range, the air passages are opened and ventilation is carried out.

(3) Examples Preferred examples of the automatic opening/closing ventilation hole device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
This is an explanatory diagram showing the installation position of the ventilation channel, where a ventilation flow path is provided through a flexible duct etc. to the louver or air outlet placed on the ceiling surface etc. inside the building, and it is connected to this flexible duct to create a naturally opening/closing ventilation vent system. 10 is installed inside the building wall,
A pendo cap is attached to the outside of the room to ventilate the inside and outside.

The naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device IO is provided with first and second pairs of blades arranged in a cylindrical body in a direction intersecting the wind flow path, each of which has a fixed blade and a movable blade each having an opening. The movable blades are biased in opposite rotational directions by bias springs and shape memory springs, so that all the openings are communicated only within a desired set temperature range, and ventilation is performed only within that temperature range.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the naturally opening/closing ventilation device lO according to the embodiment. In this embodiment, two shape memory springs with transformation temperatures of 20°C and 30°C
It is constructed so that the openings of both pairs of blades communicate with each other only in the temperature range of 0.degree. C., so that indoor and outdoor air can be passed through and ventilated. FIG. 2 shows the state in which all the openings are in communication in the temperature range of 20° C. to 30° C.

ing.

In Figures 2 and 3.4, the naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device 10 is
A thin cylindrical body 12 made of a steel plate is provided to be interposed in the ventilation flow path. 1. It is equipped with a second pair of blades 14.16.

The first pair of blades 14 includes a first pair of blades fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12.
In addition to the fixed blade 1B, this first fixed blade 18
The first fixed blade 18 has a disk-shaped first movable blade 22 which is attached to a pivot shaft 20 provided at a substantially central position and rotates in sliding contact with the first fixed blade 18. Six fan-shaped openings 18a are drilled radially symmetrically. These openings form air flow paths. In addition, the first
The movable blade 22 also has a substantially fan-shaped 6, similar to the first fixed blade.
The openings 22a are bored radially symmetrically, and by freely rotating around the pivot shaft 20 in sliding contact with the first fixed blade, the openings 18a and 22a are opened and closed, respectively.

Further, in FIGS. 3 and 4, a second pair of blades 16 is provided so as to be parallel to and spaced apart from the first pair of blades 14.

In FIG. 5, the second pair of blades 16 includes a second fixed blade 24 fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12, and is loosely attached to a pivot 26 provided approximately in the center of the second fixed blade 24. , has a disk-shaped second movable blade 28 that rotates in sliding contact with the second fixed blade 24. For the second fixed blade 24.

Six fan-shaped openings 24a having the same shape as the first fixed blade 18 are bored radially symmetrically. Also,
The second movable blade 28 is also radially symmetrically bored with six fan-shaped openings 28a, similar to the second fixed blade, and freely rotates around the pivot shaft 20 in a gliding manner with the first fixed blade. As a result, the openings 24a and 28a are opened and closed, respectively.

On the other hand, on the first movable blade 22 side of the first blade pair 14, a locking flange 30 is provided protruding from the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12. A coil-shaped first shape memory spring 32 made of a shape memory alloy is provided on the clockwise side of the first movable blade 22, one end of which is engaged with the flange 30, and the other end of which is engaged with the flange 30 of the first movable blade 22. At the same time, a coil-shaped first bias spring 34 made of usually metal is tensioned, and has one end locked to the counterclockwise side of the first movable blade 22 and the other end locked to the locking flange 30. has been done. Therefore, biasing forces act on the first movable blades 22 in mutually opposite rotational directions.

The first shape memory spring 32 is transformed at a transformation temperature of 20"C, and
Below 0°C, the temperature is normal and 2o.

When it exceeds C, it undergoes metamorphosis and condensation. As mentioned above, in Figures 2 to 4, 20% of the set temperature range is
℃ to 30℃, the first shape memory spring 32 overcomes the biasing force of the first bias spring 34 and contracts and closes.
Both openings 14a and 22ahi overlap to open a flow path for air.

On the other hand, in FIG. 5, on the second movable blade 28 side of the second blade pair 16, a locking flange 36 is provided protruding from the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12. One end is locked to the clockwise side of the second movable blade 28, and the other end is locked to the locking flange 3.
A coil-shaped second bias spring 38 usually made of metal is fixed to the second movable blade 28 at one end thereof in the counterclockwise direction, and the other end is fixed to the second movable blade 28 in the counterclockwise direction. A coil-shaped second shape memory spring 40 made of a shape memory alloy is suspended in tension. Therefore, similar to the first movable blade 22, a biasing force is applied to the second movable blade 28 in opposite rotational directions.

The second shape memory spring 40 is transformed at a transformation temperature of 30° C.
Below 30°C, it is in a normal state, and above 30°C, it undergoes transformation and condensation. Therefore, in FIGS. 2 to 4 showing conditions in the 20° C. to 3° C. range of the set temperature range, the second shape memory spring 40 is in the normal state (stretched state), and the second bias spring 38 is in the normal state (stretched state). Due to the urging force, the opening 28a of the second movable root 28 and the opening 24a of the second fixed blade 24 overlap to open a flow path for the wind.

Ru.

In addition, in the figure, stoppers 44.44 protruding from the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12 toward the first and second movable blades 22.28 are locking protrusions formed to protrude from the circumferential ends of both movable blades 22.28, respectively. , and both locking protrusions 44 and 44 are connected to one fixed blade 18.
．． 24 openings 18a, 24aj; and both movable blades 22.
The openings 22a and 28a of 28 overlap and communicate with each other, and the openings are closed by both fixed wings &118.24 so that the device can be moved.

FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) show the movable blades 22 of the first and second blade pairs 14.16 when the outdoor temperature changes to 20°C or higher.
．． In FIG. 6(a), the first shape memory spring 32 is in the normal state (extended state).

Due to the biasing force of the first bias spring 34, the first movable blade 2
2 is rotated counterclockwise to close the opening 22a. Further, at this time, in FIG. 6(b) showing the second blade pair 16 side, the second shape memory spring 40 that transforms at 30''C is also in the normal state (stretched state), and therefore the second
Due to the biasing force of the bias spring 38, the second to fifth
Both openings 24a and 28a are communicated with each other while maintaining the state shown in the figure. Therefore, when the outdoor temperature is below 20°C, the first
Since the opening 22a of the first movable blade 22 on the side of the blade pair 14 is closed, the wind flow path is blocked, and indoor and outdoor ventilation is stopped.

Moreover, FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b) show the first case when the outdoor temperature changes to 30°C or higher. It shows the moving position of the movable blade 22.28 of the second blade pair 14.16, and FIG.
), the first shape memory spring 32 is still in the contracted and closed state from the state shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, and the opening 18a is
, 22a are communicated with each other. At this time, in FIG. 7(b), the second shape memory spring 40 is transformed at 30"C,
The second movable blade 28 is rotated counterclockwise by overcoming the biasing force of the second bias spring 38 to close the opening 22a.

Here, all the openings 18a, 22a, 24a, and 28a are communicated only in the temperature range of 20"C to 30"C to ventilate and circulate indoor and outdoor air.
It prevents the room temperature from dropping when the temperature is below 30°C, and in the summer when the temperature is above 30°C, it prevents cold air from being discharged outdoors from coolers, etc., and maintains an appropriate indoor temperature.

This eliminates the need for manual operation by indoor occupants, etc.
Moreover, it becomes possible to automatically perform natural ventilation without using an external drive device such as a motor. therefore,
Even when residents are outside, safe and reliable natural ventilation can be achieved without power supply failures or motor failures.

In addition, since movable blades are provided on both fixed blades in a sliding manner, the overall structure can be made thinner.
It can also be installed on the walls of ordinary houses.

In addition, since the opening is opened and closed while rotating in sliding contact with both fixed vanes, high airtightness can be maintained and the opening and closing movement can be made smoothly.

Historically, in the event of a fire, the opening can be reliably closed.
Functions as a fire damper.

In addition, it is possible to sensitively respond to changing temperatures during the spring, summer, fall, and winter, and to safely perform ventilation within a desired set temperature range.

In this embodiment, the set temperature range is 20°C to 30°C, but it is also possible to set the desired ventilation temperature range by varying the transformation temperature of the shape memory spring or the biasing force of the bias spring. good.

In addition, although the opening shape of each blade is fan-shaped, it may be formed in a circular, elliptical, rectangular, or polygonal shape, and the number of openings may be 6 if only one, or 6 if other numbers are formed. good.

In addition, the mounting position of the shape memory spring is the first position in the embodiment.
The second pair of blades is different in the direction of the flow path,
The arrangement configuration is not limited to this, and shape memory alloy materials with different transformation points may be used to arrange them at the same position in the flow path direction. The movable vane may be opened and closed by the action of the spring extending beyond its transformation point.

Although the present embodiment is described as a ventilation port, the naturally opening/closing ventilation port device according to the present invention is not limited to this, and it goes without saying that it can actually flow into various duct systems to function as a fire damper.

1. In the case of large-scale structures such as various buildings, the naturally opening/closing ventilation device according to the present invention is preferably arranged as shown in Fig. 8.9. Pipe passage room 4 for vibrators, where various pipes for water supply and drainage, air conditioning, gas, etc. installed in the corner of each room of the building are arranged and routed together.
6 is shown, and the interior is airtight so that it is partitioned, for example, at intervals of a floor 48 and a ceiling 50. and,
This naturally opening/closing ventilation port bag MlO is arranged at an upper position on the outside air A side wall and the indoor S side wall of the pipe passage chamber 46.

Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the ventilation effect can be improved by forming ventilation channels at the four corners of each room, for example.

III. Detailed Description of the Invention As described above, the naturally opening/closing ventilation port device according to the present invention has a first fixed blade having a calm flow passage opening in a cylinder interposed in a ventilation flow passage, and a movable blade. a first pair of blades;
A second pair of blades is provided in parallel with the first pair of blades, and similarly has a second fixed blade having a wind flow path opening, and a second pair of movable blades, and the first and second movable blades are connected to each other by a bias spring. Shape memory springs with different transformation temperatures are biased in mutually opposite rotational directions, and within a desired set temperature range, the openings of the first and second blade pairs are automatically communicated without an external drive device to provide ventilation. It has an extremely simple structure, eliminates the need to manually open and close the blades every time the temperature changes depending on the season, day or night, etc., and is inexpensive and easy to install. Natural ventilation can be achieved automatically, extremely safely and semi-permanently without any repair work.

Further, the first shape memory spring is transformed at a transformation temperature of 20°C,
In cooperation with the first bias spring, the opening of the first fixed blade is closed at temperatures below 20"C, and is contracted and closed at temperatures above 20"C to communicate both openings, and urges the second movable blade in the rotational direction. The shape memory spring transforms at a transformation temperature of 30°C, and cooperates with the second bias spring to separate the second fixed blade and the second bias spring at temperatures below 30°C.
By connecting the openings of the shape memory springs and contracting and closing them at 30''C or higher to close the openings of the second fixed and movable blades, ventilation can be maintained within the optimal living environment temperature range for humans. It's Chino.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a position explanatory diagram showing the schematic installation of the naturally opening/closing ventilation vent device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a view from the opposite side of the first blade with each opening in each blade communicating with each other. 3 is a view taken along the line A-All in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 shows each blade in the state shown in FIG. 2. 6(a) and 6(b) are cross-sectional views of the opposite side of the second blade with the openings communicating with each other.
) is an explanatory diagram of the action of the first pair of blades and the second pair of blades under an outside air temperature of 20°C or lower, and Figures 7(a) and (b) are diagrams illustrating the effects of the first pair of blades and the second pair of blades under an outside air temperature of 30°C or higher. An explanatory diagram of the action of the second pair of blades,
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view of a pipe passageway part showing another application example of the naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the same room. 10. Natural opening/closing ventilation device, 12. ,,cylindrical body, 14
．． ,,first blade pair,169. 2nd pair of blades, 18. ,,first fixed vane,22. ,, first movable blade, 24. , second fixed blade, 282 movable blade, 32. , first shape memory spring, 3489. first bias spring, 38. second bias spring, 40. ,,Second shape memory spring Fig. 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical body provided in a ventilation flow path, and an opening provided in the cylinder in a direction intersecting the wind flow path to form the wind flow path. a first fixed blade provided with the blade, and a pivot provided at a substantially central position of the first fixed blade, has an opening substantially the same as the opening, and rotates in sliding contact with the first fixed blade. a first pair of movable blades, a second fixed blade provided in the cylindrical body so as to be parallel to and spaced apart from the first fixed blade, and provided with an opening; It is loosely attached to a pivot located approximately in the center of the blade,
a second movable blade having an opening substantially the same as the opening and rotating in sliding contact with the second fixed blade; A first bias spring and a first shape memory spring are provided to generate a biasing force in opposite rotational directions, and a second bias spring and a first shape memory spring are provided to generate biasing forces in opposite rotational directions on the second movable blade. A second shape memory spring is provided, and the first and second shape memory springs are transformed at mutually different transformation temperatures, and the first and second fixed blades and the first and second movable blades are transformed at an arbitrary set temperature range. A naturally opening/closing ventilation vent device which communicates the openings of the blades to automatically circulate outside and inside air, and closes the openings between the movable blade and the fixed blade of at least one of the blade pairs in other temperature ranges. 2. The first shape memory spring that biases the first movable blade in the rotational direction transforms at a transformation temperature of 20°C, and cooperates with the first bias spring to close the opening of the first fixed blade at temperatures below 20°C. The second shape memory spring closes and contracts and closes at 20° C. or higher to communicate the two openings, and urges the second movable blade in the rotational direction. The second shape memory spring transforms at a transformation temperature of 30° C. The second fixed blade and the second movable blade cooperate with each other to communicate with each other at temperatures below 30°C, and contract and close at temperatures above 30°C to close the openings of the second fixed and movable blades. The naturally opening/closing ventilation opening device according to paragraph 1.