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JPH025540A - Formation of bonding of bump electrode - Google Patents

Formation of bonding of bump electrode

Info

Publication number
JPH025540A
JPH025540A JP63157303A JP15730388A JPH025540A JP H025540 A JPH025540 A JP H025540A JP 63157303 A JP63157303 A JP 63157303A JP 15730388 A JP15730388 A JP 15730388A JP H025540 A JPH025540 A JP H025540A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bump electrode
electrode
bump
bonding
electrodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP63157303A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2555875B2 (en
Inventor
Toshio Yamagata
山形 敏男
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NEC Corp
Original Assignee
NEC Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NEC Corp filed Critical NEC Corp
Priority to JP63157303A priority Critical patent/JP2555875B2/en
Publication of JPH025540A publication Critical patent/JPH025540A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2555875B2 publication Critical patent/JP2555875B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/10Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/12Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L24/13Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/12Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L2224/13Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/12Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
    • H01L2224/13Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • H01L2224/13001Core members of the bump connector
    • H01L2224/13099Material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/01Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/10Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L2224/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L2224/16Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of an individual bump connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/81Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
    • H01L2224/8119Arrangement of the bump connectors prior to mounting
    • H01L2224/81193Arrangement of the bump connectors prior to mounting wherein the bump connectors are disposed on both the semiconductor or solid-state body and another item or body to be connected to the semiconductor or solid-state body
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/81Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
    • H01L2224/812Applying energy for connecting
    • H01L2224/81201Compression bonding
    • H01L2224/81203Thermocompression bonding, e.g. diffusion bonding, pressure joining, thermocompression welding or solid-state welding
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/81Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
    • H01L2224/8138Bonding interfaces outside the semiconductor or solid-state body
    • H01L2224/81395Bonding interfaces outside the semiconductor or solid-state body having an external coating, e.g. protective bond-through coating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2224/00Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2224/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L2224/81Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
    • H01L2224/818Bonding techniques
    • H01L2224/81801Soldering or alloying
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L24/00Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
    • H01L24/80Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
    • H01L24/81Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a bump connector
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/01Chemical elements
    • H01L2924/01029Copper [Cu]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/01Chemical elements
    • H01L2924/01049Indium [In]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/01Chemical elements
    • H01L2924/01077Iridium [Ir]

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wire Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to perform sufficiently the bonding of fellow bump electrodes and to improve a bonding rate by a method wherein the second bump electrode, which is formed by making a soft metal coating coat on a copper electrode consisting of a hard metal and whose diameter is smaller than that of the first bump electrode, is made to bond to the first bump electrode consisting of a soft metal in such a way that the second bump electrode is bitten into the first bump electrode. CONSTITUTION:A first bump electrode 4a formed on a semiconductor chip 1 on one side is a cylindrical indium electrode 3 consisting of a soft metal, a second bump electrode 4b on a semiconductor chip 2 on the other side is one formed by making an indium coating 6 coat on a copper electrode 5 consisting of a hard metal and its diameter is made smaller than that of the electrode 3. Then, both chips 1 and 2 are made to oppose to each other and are aligned to each other in such a way that each bump electrode 4a and 4b is positioned at a prescribed position to correspond to each other. Then, these are heated and after that, the electrodes 4a and 4b corresponding to each other are pressed until they are deformed from a state that the electrodes 4a and 4b are coming into contact to each other into a state that the second bump electrode bites into the first bump electrode. Thereby, a thermocompression bonding, that is, the formation of bonding of the bump electrode is completed.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はバンプ電極結合方法に関し、特に一対の半導体
チップを相互のバンプ電極同士と対向させて結合するバ
ンプ’、[fi結合方法に関する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a bump electrode bonding method, and more particularly to a bump', [fi bonding method for bonding a pair of semiconductor chips with their bump electrodes facing each other.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

近年、半導体基板状に赤外゛線検出素子が配置されてい
る光電変換用半導体チップと、検出信号を処理する回路
が形成されたシリコンIC半導体チップとをバンプした
ハイブリット型赤外線イメージセンサ−が知られている
。こうしたバンプ電極結合は、例えば、特開昭59−1
55162号公報に示されているように、両チップのそ
れぞれ対応する位置にインジウム等の軟質金属からなる
円柱状のバンプ電極を形成し、目合わせして熱圧着して
いた。
In recent years, a hybrid infrared image sensor has become known, which is a bumped photoelectric conversion semiconductor chip in which an infrared ray detection element is arranged on a semiconductor substrate, and a silicon IC semiconductor chip in which a circuit for processing a detection signal is formed. It is being Such bump-electrode coupling is known, for example, from Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-1
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 55162, cylindrical bump electrodes made of a soft metal such as indium were formed at corresponding positions on both chips, aligned and thermocompression bonded.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

上述した従来のバンプ電極結合の形成方法では、対応す
るバンプ電極同士が必ずI〜も充分には機械的、電気的
に結合されていなかった。すなわち、インジウム等の軟
質金属は酸化され易いため、表面に酸化被膜が形成され
ており、円柱の端部であるバンプ電極の接合面では加熱
と加圧をl〜でも酸化被膜を押l〜付けるだけで破れに
<<、結合の邪魔をしてしまう、こう1〜た不充分な結
合は両チップ間の剥離、導通不良どいった故障や、接触
抵抗の増加からくるノイズの増大といった特性の劣化を
招く欠点がある。特に、一つのハイブリ・ソド型赤外線
イメージセンザーチップでバンプ電極の接続数は数千点
以上あり、結合率、8すなわち充分に結合された接続点
の割合を高めることができないという欠点があった。
In the above-described conventional method for forming bump-electrode connections, corresponding bump electrodes are not always sufficiently mechanically and electrically connected to each other. In other words, since soft metals such as indium are easily oxidized, an oxide film is formed on the surface, and even if heat and pressure are applied to the bonding surface of the bump electrode, which is the end of the cylinder, the oxide film cannot be pressed. Inadequate bonding can cause failures such as peeling between both chips, poor conduction, and increased noise due to increased contact resistance. There are drawbacks that lead to deterioration. In particular, the number of bump electrode connections in one hybrid infrared image sensor chip is several thousand or more, which has the disadvantage that it is not possible to increase the bonding rate of 8, that is, the ratio of sufficiently bonded bonding points. .

本発明の目的は、バンプ電極同士の結合が充分に行え、
結合率を向上させることが可能な半導体装置の製造方法
を提供することにある6〔課題を解決するための手段〕 本発明のバンプ電極結合の形成方法は、各々の表面に複
数のバンプ電極を設けた一対の半導体チップを対応する
前記バンプどうし対向させて結合させるバンプ電極結合
の形成方法において、軟質金属からなる第1のバンプ電
極に、硬質金属に前記軟質金属を被覆させた前記第1の
バンプ電極より小さい径の第2のバンプ電極が食い込む
ように結合させることを含んで構成される。
The purpose of the present invention is to enable sufficient bonding between bump electrodes,
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device that can improve the bonding rate.6 [Means for Solving the Problems] The method for forming a bump electrode bond of the present invention includes forming a plurality of bump electrodes on each surface. In the method for forming a bump-electrode bond in which a pair of provided semiconductor chips are bonded to each other by facing each other, the first bump electrode is made of a soft metal, and the first bump electrode is made of a hard metal coated with the soft metal. The second bump electrode has a diameter smaller than that of the bump electrode.

〔作用〕[Effect]

本発明のバング電極結合の形成方法は、一方の第】のバ
ンプ電極は軟質金属で、他方の第2のバンプ電極は第1
のバンプ電極より径を小さくし、硬質金属に軟質金属を
被覆させたものであるため、両者を加圧すると、第2の
バンプ電極は第1のバンプ電極にスパイク状に食い込み
、その際、酸化膜を破り取っていくため、両バンプ電様
の接続部は清浄な金属面が現れ、充分な熱圧着が行われ
る。
In the method of forming a bump electrode bond of the present invention, one bump electrode is made of a soft metal, and the other second bump electrode is made of a first bump electrode.
The diameter of the bump electrode is smaller than that of the first bump electrode, and the hard metal is coated with a soft metal. Since the film is torn off, a clean metal surface is exposed at the connection between the two bumps, and sufficient thermocompression bonding is performed.

〔実施例〕〔Example〕

次に、本発明の実施例について図面を参照I〜で説明す
る。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

第1図(a)〜(e)は本発明の一実施例を説明するた
めの工程順に示したバンプ電極の断面図、第2図、第3
図はそれぞれ本発明の一実施例を説明するためのバンプ
電極の斜視図及び断面図である。第2図に示すように、
結合すべき一対の半導体チップ1,2の各々の対応する
電極接続部に第1のバンプ電極4a及び第2のバンプ電
極4bを設置する。この時、第3図に示すように、一方
の半導体チップ1に形成する第1のバンプ電ff14a
は、円柱状の軟質金属であるインジウム電極3であり、
他方の半導体チップ2の第2のバンプ電極4bは、硬質
金属である銅電極5にインジウム被覆6を被覆し7且、
その径を第1のバンプ電、棒3より小さくしたものであ
る、次に、両半導体千ツブ】−12を向い合わせ、各々
のバンプ電極4a、4bが所定の対応する位置となるよ
う、目合わ仕する0次に、第11図(a>に示すように
、これらを加熱後、各々の対応しているバンプ電極4a
、=1bが接触している状態から、第1図(C)に示す
ように、第2のバンプ電極が第1のバンプ電極に食い込
X7だ状態に変形するまで加圧することにより、熱圧着
、すなわちバンプ電極結合の形成が完了する。この時、
本発明では、上記の変形中に、第1図(b)に示すよう
に、酸化被膜7が破れて、バンプ電極の接合部8に清浄
な金属表面が現れるため、この接合部で充分な熱圧着結
合が行われる。
FIGS. 1(a) to 3(e) are cross-sectional views of bump electrodes shown in the order of steps for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, FIGS.
The figures are a perspective view and a sectional view of a bump electrode, respectively, for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2,
A first bump electrode 4a and a second bump electrode 4b are installed at corresponding electrode connection portions of each of the pair of semiconductor chips 1 and 2 to be bonded. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the first bump electrode ff14a formed on one semiconductor chip 1 is
is an indium electrode 3 which is a cylindrical soft metal,
The second bump electrode 4b of the other semiconductor chip 2 is formed by coating a copper electrode 5, which is a hard metal, with an indium coating 67, and
The diameter of the bump electrode is smaller than that of the first bump electrode 3.Next, the two semiconductor electrodes 4a and 4b are placed facing each other, and the bump electrodes 4a and 4b are placed at predetermined corresponding positions. Next, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), after heating these, each corresponding bump electrode 4a is
, = 1b are in contact with each other, by applying pressure until the second bump electrode bites into the first bump electrode and transforms into the state of X7, as shown in FIG. 1(C). , that is, the formation of the bump electrode bond is completed. At this time,
In the present invention, during the above deformation, as shown in FIG. 1(b), the oxide film 7 is broken and a clean metal surface appears at the bump electrode joint 8, so that sufficient heat is generated at this joint. A crimp bond is made.

尚、以上説明した実施例ではバンプ電極の接続点数は9
点と少ないが、これが数千点以」二の数であっても同様
な効果を得ることができる。更に、軟質金属としてイン
ジウムの他に、アンチモン。
In the embodiment described above, the number of connection points of the bump electrodes is 9.
The number of points is small, but even if the number is several thousand or more, the same effect can be obtained. In addition to indium, antimony is also used as a soft metal.

ビスマス、鉛、亜鉛等でも同様に適用でき、又、硬質金
属として銅やニッケル等を用いることができる。
Bismuth, lead, zinc, etc. can be similarly applied, and copper, nickel, etc. can also be used as the hard metal.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように、本発明は、軟質金属からなる第1
のバンプ電極に、硬質金属に軟質金属を被覆させ、且、
第1のバンプ電極より小さい径の第2のバンプ電極が食
い込むように結合させることにより、バンプ電極表面に
形成i−でいる酸化被膜を破ることができるため、これ
らの接合部において充分な熱圧着が行われ、機械的、電
気的に充分結合された、結合率の高く接触抵抗の低いバ
ンプ電極結合を形成することが可能となる効果がある。
As explained above, the present invention provides a first
The bump electrode has a hard metal coated with a soft metal, and
By joining the second bump electrode, which has a smaller diameter than the first bump electrode, by biting into it, it is possible to break the oxide film formed on the surface of the bump electrode, so that sufficient thermocompression bonding can be achieved at these joints. This has the effect of making it possible to form a bump-electrode bond that is mechanically and electrically well-coupled, has a high coupling rate, and has low contact resistance.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図(a)〜(e)は本発明の一実施例を説明するだ
めの工程順に示したバング電極の断面図、第2図。第3
図はそれぞれ本発明の一実施例を説明するためのバンプ
電極の斜視図及び断面図である。 】、2・・・半導体チップ、3・・・−インジウム電極
、4a・・・第1のバンプ電極、4b・・・第2のバン
プ電極、5・・・銅電極、6・・・インジウム被覆、7
・・・酸化被膜、8・・・接合部。
FIGS. 1(a) to 1(e) are sectional views of a bang electrode shown in the order of steps for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. Third
The figures are a perspective view and a sectional view of a bump electrode, respectively, for explaining one embodiment of the present invention. ], 2... Semiconductor chip, 3...-Indium electrode, 4a... First bump electrode, 4b... Second bump electrode, 5... Copper electrode, 6... Indium coating ,7
... Oxide film, 8... Joint part.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 各々の表面に複数のバンプ電極を設けた一対の半導体チ
ップを対応する前記バンプどうし対向させて結合させる
バンプ電極結合の形成方法において、軟質金属からなる
第1のバンプ電極に、硬質金属に前記軟質金属を被覆さ
せた前記第1のバンプ電極より小さい径の第2のバンプ
電極が食い込むように結合させることを含むことを特徴
とするバンプ電極結合の形成方法。
In a method for forming a bump-electrode bond in which a pair of semiconductor chips each having a plurality of bump electrodes provided on each surface are bonded with the corresponding bumps facing each other, a first bump electrode made of a soft metal is bonded to a hard metal with the soft metal. A method for forming a bump-electrode bond, the method comprising the step of bonding so that a second bump electrode having a smaller diameter than the first bump electrode coated with metal bites into the bond.
JP63157303A 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 Method for forming bump electrode bond Expired - Fee Related JP2555875B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63157303A JP2555875B2 (en) 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 Method for forming bump electrode bond

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63157303A JP2555875B2 (en) 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 Method for forming bump electrode bond

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH025540A true JPH025540A (en) 1990-01-10
JP2555875B2 JP2555875B2 (en) 1996-11-20

Family

ID=15646715

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63157303A Expired - Fee Related JP2555875B2 (en) 1988-06-24 1988-06-24 Method for forming bump electrode bond

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2555875B2 (en)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5466635A (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-11-14 Lsi Logic Corporation Process for making an interconnect bump for flip-chip integrated circuit including integral standoff and hourglass shaped solder coating
US5523697A (en) * 1993-09-03 1996-06-04 Micron Technology, Inc. Testing apparatus for engaging electrically conductive test pads on a semiconductor substrate having integrated circuitry for operability testing thereof
US5585282A (en) * 1991-06-04 1996-12-17 Micron Technology, Inc. Process for forming a raised portion on a projecting contact for electrical testing of a semiconductor
US5849633A (en) * 1994-03-07 1998-12-15 Micron Technology, Inc. Electrically conductive projections and semiconductor processing method of forming same
US6617688B2 (en) 2001-03-27 2003-09-09 Nec Electronics Corporation Semiconductor device and flat electrodes
US7112468B2 (en) 1998-09-25 2006-09-26 Stmicroelectronics, Inc. Stacked multi-component integrated circuit microprocessor
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US6573740B2 (en) 1993-09-03 2003-06-03 Micron Technology, Inc. Method of forming an apparatus configured to engage an electrically conductive pad on a semiconductive substrate and a method of engaging electrically conductive pads on a semiconductive substrate
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US6255213B1 (en) 1994-03-07 2001-07-03 Micron Technology, Inc. Method of forming a structure upon a semiconductive substrate
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US5869787A (en) * 1994-03-07 1999-02-09 Micron Technology, Inc. Electrically conductive projections
US5872404A (en) * 1994-06-02 1999-02-16 Lsi Logic Corporation Interconnect bump for flip-chip integrated circuit including integral standoff and hourglass shaped solder coating
US5466635A (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-11-14 Lsi Logic Corporation Process for making an interconnect bump for flip-chip integrated circuit including integral standoff and hourglass shaped solder coating
US7112468B2 (en) 1998-09-25 2006-09-26 Stmicroelectronics, Inc. Stacked multi-component integrated circuit microprocessor
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