JPH02284362A - Solid electrolyte type fuel cell - Google Patents
Solid electrolyte type fuel cellInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02284362A JPH02284362A JP1105221A JP10522189A JPH02284362A JP H02284362 A JPH02284362 A JP H02284362A JP 1105221 A JP1105221 A JP 1105221A JP 10522189 A JP10522189 A JP 10522189A JP H02284362 A JPH02284362 A JP H02284362A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- supply means
- single cell
- fuel cell
- gas supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/243—Grouping of unit cells of tubular or cylindrical configuration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は固体電解質型燃料電池に係り、特に熱的破損
がない上枠性に優れる固体電解質型燃料電池の構成に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and particularly to the structure of a solid oxide fuel cell that is free from thermal damage and has excellent top frame properties.
ジルコニア等の酸化物固体電解質を用いる燃料電池はそ
の作動温度が８００〜１１００’ｃと高温であるため、
発電効率が高い上に触媒が不要でありまた電蓄質が固体
であるため取扱い容易であるなどの特長を有し、第三世
代の燃料電池として期待されている。Fuel cells that use oxide solid electrolytes such as zirconia have high operating temperatures of 800 to 1100'C.
It is expected to be used as a third-generation fuel cell because of its high power generation efficiency, no need for a catalyst, and ease of handling because the electrolyte is solid.
しかしながら固体電解質型燃料電池は、セラミックスが
主要な構成材料であるために、熱的に破損しやす（、ま
たガスの適切なシール方法がないため実現が困難であっ
た。そのため燃料電池として特殊な形状である円筒型の
ものが考え出され、上記２つの問題を解決し、電池の運
転試験に成功しているが、電池単位体積あたりの発電密
度が低（経済的に有利なものが得られる見通しはまだな
い。However, since solid oxide fuel cells are mainly made of ceramics, they are susceptible to thermal damage (and were difficult to realize due to the lack of an appropriate sealing method for gas). A cylindrical shape was devised, which solved the above two problems and successfully conducted battery operation tests, but the power generation density per unit volume of the battery was low (an economically advantageous product could be obtained). There is no outlook yet.
発電密度を高めるためには平板型にすることが必要であ
る。平板型の燃料電池には例えば第４図の分解斜視図に
示す構造のものが知られている。In order to increase the power generation density, it is necessary to use a flat plate type. As a flat plate type fuel cell, for example, one having a structure shown in an exploded perspective view of FIG. 4 is known.
この型の燃料電池においては単セル１Ｂ（固体電解質板
１８Ａと電極１８Ｂ、１８Ｃからなる）とセパレート板
１７とが交互に積層され、セパレート板の立体的に直角
交差した溝にはそれぞれ異なった反応ガスが流される。In this type of fuel cell, single cells 1B (consisting of a solid electrolyte plate 18A and electrodes 18B and 18C) and separate plates 17 are alternately stacked, and grooves of the separate plates that intersect at right angles in a three-dimensional manner have different reactions. Gas is flushed.
反応ガスは外部ガスマニホールド（図示せず）を用いて
燃料電池に個別に導入される。この際燃料電池内に反応
ガスを分離して充分に供給するためには単セル１８とセ
パレート板１７とはガスシールを行うことが必要となる
。ガスシールを行うために単セル１８とセパレート板１
７とを一体に焼結することが考えられるがこの方法では
単セルとセパレート板とが異種材料で構成されるためわ
ずかな熱膨張率の差や温度分布の不均一性によって一体
焼結体に割れが発生する。また単セルとセパレート板を
それぞれ別個に形成してこれをシール材料を介して積層
する方法も考えられるがこの場合適当な高温用ガスシー
ル材料がない。Reactant gases are separately introduced into the fuel cell using an external gas manifold (not shown). At this time, in order to separate and sufficiently supply the reaction gas into the fuel cell, it is necessary to perform a gas seal between the unit cell 18 and the separate plate 17. Single cell 18 and separate plate 1 for gas sealing
It is conceivable to sinter the 7 and 7 together, but in this method, the single cell and the separate plate are composed of different materials, and due to the slight difference in thermal expansion coefficient and uneven temperature distribution, it is difficult to form an integral sintered body. Cracks occur. It is also conceivable to form a single cell and a separate plate separately and laminate them with a sealing material interposed therebetween, but in this case there is no suitable high-temperature gas sealing material.
ことにより、接合にともなう熱破損がなく信親性に優れ
る固体電解質型燃料電池を提供することにある。Thereby, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid oxide fuel cell which is free from thermal damage due to bonding and has excellent reliability.
〔課題を解決するための手段］
上述の目的はこの発明によれば平板型単セルとこの単セ
ルの両主面に酸化剤ガスと燃料ガスの両反応ガスを個別
に給排気するガス供給手段とを積層してなる固体電解質
型燃料電池において、（１）中央部に設けられ、反応ガ
スを前記単セル１２とガス供給手段１．８の積層方向に
導く供給および排出の反応ガス流路２，５，６．７と、
（２）前記供給と排出の反応ガス流路の間に反応ガスを
導く案内羽３．１４とを有するガス供給手段を備えるこ
とにより達成される。[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is to provide a gas supply means for individually supplying and exhausting both reaction gases, oxidizing gas and fuel gas, to and from a flat plate type single cell and both main surfaces of this single cell. (1) A reactant gas flow channel 2 for supply and discharge, which is provided in the center and guides the reactant gas in the stacking direction of the unit cell 12 and the gas supply means 1.8; ,5,6.7 and
(2) This is achieved by providing a gas supply means having guide vanes 3.14 for guiding the reaction gas between the supply and discharge reaction gas flow paths.
反応ガス流路には燃料ガス流路と、酸化剤ガス流路とが
ある０反応ガスはガス供給手段の中央部より案内羽に導
かれて周辺部に至り、さらに中央部に還流する。ガス供
給手段はセパレート板や単セルを支持する基板等が含ま
れる。The reaction gas flow path includes a fuel gas flow path and an oxidant gas flow path.The reaction gas is guided from the center of the gas supply means by the guide vanes to the peripheral portion, and is further refluxed to the center. The gas supply means includes a separate plate, a substrate supporting a single cell, and the like.
反応ガスはガス供給手段の中央部と周辺部の間を流れる
から単セルとガス供給手段とのシールは不要となる。Since the reaction gas flows between the central part and the peripheral part of the gas supply means, there is no need for a seal between the unit cell and the gas supply means.
次にこの発明の実施例を図面に基いて説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.
第１図（ａ）はこの発明の実施例に係るセパレート板ｌ
を示す平面図で第１図ら）は第１図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ矢視
断面図である。このセパレート板ｌは片面にリブ状案内
羽３を有するランタンクロマイトの緻密な焼結板である
。酸化剤ガスは酸化剤ガス供給流路２より供給され、案
内羽３に沿って流れ酸化剤ガス排出流路５より排出され
る。第２図（ａ）はこの発明の実施例に係る多孔質の基
板８を示す平面図で第２図ｒｂ＞は第２図（ａ）のＢ−
Ｂ矢視断面図である。FIG. 1(a) shows a separate plate l according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1(a) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1(a). This separate plate 1 is a dense sintered plate of lanthanum chromite having rib-like guide wings 3 on one side. The oxidizing gas is supplied from the oxidizing gas supply passage 2, flows along the guide vanes 3, and is discharged from the oxidizing gas discharge passage 5. FIG. 2(a) is a plan view showing a porous substrate 8 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is a sectional view taken along arrow B.
基板８は片面がリプ状案内羽１４を有するニッケル／ジ
ルコニアサーメットからなる多孔質体である。The substrate 8 is a porous body made of nickel/zirconia cermet having lip-shaped guide wings 14 on one side.
基１８には同じくニッケル７ジルコニアサーメツトの燃
料極９．イツトリア安定化されたジルコニア電解ｉｔ
１０． ランタンマンガナイトからなる酸化剤極１１
が順次溶射され、単セル１２が形成される。Group 18 also has a fuel electrode 9 made of nickel 7 zirconia cermet. Ittria stabilized zirconia electrolytic it
10. Oxidizer electrode 11 made of lanthanum manganite
are sequentially sprayed to form a single cell 12.
燃料ガスが燃料ガス供給流路６より供給され、案内羽１
４に沿って流れ、燃料ガス排出流路７により排出される
。このようなセパレート板ｌと基板８は反応ガス供給流
路や反応ガス排出流路を合致させて交互に積層される。Fuel gas is supplied from the fuel gas supply channel 6, and the guide vane 1
4 and is discharged through the fuel gas discharge channel 7. Such a separate plate 1 and the substrate 8 are alternately stacked with the reaction gas supply channels and the reaction gas discharge channels aligned.
積層に際し反応ガス流路はセラミックセメントによりガ
スシールされる。During lamination, the reaction gas flow path is gas-sealed by ceramic cement.
第３図はこの発明の異なる実施例に係るセパレート板を
示す平面図である。案内羽１３が放射状に形成される。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a separate plate according to a different embodiment of the present invention. Guide wings 13 are formed radially.
スタックの構成は上述のような支持膜方式に限定される
ものでなく、単セルが基板に支持されない自立膜型につ
いても適用される。The structure of the stack is not limited to the above-mentioned supported film type, but can also be applied to a self-supporting film type in which the single cell is not supported by a substrate.
この発明によれば平板型単セルとこの単セルの両主面に
酸化剤ガスと燃料ガスの両反応ガスを個別に給排気する
ガス供給手段とを積層してなる固体電解質型燃料電池に
おいて、
（１）中央部に設けられ、反応ガスを前記単セルとガス
供給手段の積層方向に導く供給および排出の反応ガス流
路と、
（２）前記供給と排出の反応ガス流路の間に反応ガズを
導く案内羽、とを有するガス供給手段を備えるので反応
ガスはガス供給手段の中央部と周辺部の間を流れるため
、単セルとガス供給手段とのガスシールは不要となりガ
ス供給手段と単セルは個別に自由に熱膨張収縮すること
ができ、信鎖性に優れる固体電解質型燃料電池が得られ
る。また排出ガスは燃料電池システム構成上適当な場所
で混合燃焼され、供給ガスの加熱に用いることが可能と
なり、燃料電池の特性を高めることができる上セルスタ
ック周辺での燃焼に比しセルの信鯨性を高めることがで
きる。さらに反応ガス供給が中央部と周辺部の間に均等
に行われるため熱分布が一様となり、ガス供給手段と単
セルとの接触が良好に保たれるという効果も得られる。According to the present invention, in a solid oxide fuel cell in which a flat plate type single cell and a gas supply means for individually supplying and exhausting both reaction gases, oxidizing gas and fuel gas, are stacked on both main surfaces of the single cell, (1) A supply and discharge reaction gas passage provided in the center and guiding the reaction gas in the stacked direction of the single cell and the gas supply means; (2) A reaction gas passage between the supply and discharge reaction gas passages. Since the gas supply means is provided with a guide vane that guides the gas, the reaction gas flows between the central part and the peripheral part of the gas supply means, so there is no need for a gas seal between the single cell and the gas supply means. Each single cell can be thermally expanded and contracted individually, resulting in a solid oxide fuel cell with excellent reliability. In addition, the exhaust gas is mixed and combusted at an appropriate location in the fuel cell system configuration, and can be used to heat the supply gas, improving the characteristics of the fuel cell. You can increase your whale nature. Furthermore, since the reactant gas is supplied evenly between the central part and the peripheral part, heat distribution becomes uniform, and good contact between the gas supply means and the single cell can be maintained.
第１図（ａ）はこの発明の実施例に係るセパレート板を
示す平面図、第１図ら）は第１図（ａ）のＡ−Ａ矢視断
面図、第２図（ａ）はこの発明の実施例に係る基板を示
す平面図、第２図（ロ）は第２図（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ矢視断
面図、第３図はこの発明の異なる実施例に係るセパレー
ト板を示す平面図、第４図は従来の固体電解質型燃料電
池を示す斜視図である。
１：セパレート板（ガス供給手段）、２：酸化剤ガス供
給流路、３：案内羽、５：酸化剤ガス排出流路、６：燃
料ガス供給流路、７；燃料ガス排出流路、８：基板（ガ
ス供給手段）、９：燃料極、１０：固体電解質、１１：
酸化剤極、１２；単セル、（」・′
第 １ 目
（がズ依玲５＃、）
拳 Ｚ 時FIG. 1(a) is a plan view showing a separate plate according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1(a) is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 2(b) is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2(a), and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a separate plate according to a different embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a conventional solid oxide fuel cell. 1: Separate plate (gas supply means), 2: Oxidizing gas supply channel, 3: Guide vane, 5: Oxidizing gas discharge channel, 6: Fuel gas supply channel, 7; Fuel gas discharging channel, 8 : Substrate (gas supply means), 9: Fuel electrode, 10: Solid electrolyte, 11:
Oxidizer pole, 12; Single cell, (''・' 1st eye (Gazu Irei 5#,) Fist Z time
Claims (1)
燃料ガスの両反応ガスを個別に給排気するガス供給手段
とを積層してなる固体電解質型燃料電池において、 （１）中央部に設けられ、反応ガスを前記単セルとガス
供給手段の積層方向に導く供給および排出の反応ガス流
路と、 （２）前記供給と排出の反応ガス流路の間に反応ガスを
導く案内羽、とを有するガス供給手段を備えることを特
徴とする固体電解質型燃料電池。[Claims] 1) A solid electrolyte fuel comprising a flat plate type single cell and a gas supply means for individually supplying and exhausting both reaction gases, oxidizing gas and fuel gas, on both main surfaces of the single cell. In the battery, (1) a supply and discharge reaction gas flow path provided in the center and guiding the reaction gas in the laminated direction of the single cell and the gas supply means; (2) a supply and discharge reaction gas flow path provided in the central portion; A solid oxide fuel cell comprising a gas supply means having a guide vane for guiding a reactive gas therebetween.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1105221A JPH02284362A (en) | 1989-04-25 | 1989-04-25 | Solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1105221A JPH02284362A (en) | 1989-04-25 | 1989-04-25 | Solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02284362A true JPH02284362A (en) | 1990-11-21 |
Family
ID=14401613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1105221A Pending JPH02284362A (en) | 1989-04-25 | 1989-04-25 | Solid electrolyte type fuel cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02284362A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5399442A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1995-03-21 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
| WO1997027639A1 (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-31 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Coflow planar fuel cell stack construction for solid electrolytes |
| EP1010207A4 (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2004-06-23 | Bechtel Corp | ELECTROCHEMICAL ELEMENT ASSEMBLY |
| EP1422774A4 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2006-04-26 | Sumitomo Prec Products Company | Fuel cell |
| EP1445814A4 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2006-04-26 | Sumitomo Prec Products Company | Fuel cell |
| JP2006302749A (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Solid oxide fuel cell and stack structure |
-
1989
- 1989-04-25 JP JP1105221A patent/JPH02284362A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5399442A (en) * | 1993-02-08 | 1995-03-21 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Solid electrolyte fuel cell |
| WO1997027639A1 (en) * | 1996-01-22 | 1997-07-31 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Coflow planar fuel cell stack construction for solid electrolytes |
| EP1010207A4 (en) * | 1997-01-23 | 2004-06-23 | Bechtel Corp | ELECTROCHEMICAL ELEMENT ASSEMBLY |
| EP1422774A4 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2006-04-26 | Sumitomo Prec Products Company | Fuel cell |
| EP1445814A4 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2006-04-26 | Sumitomo Prec Products Company | Fuel cell |
| JP2006302749A (en) * | 2005-04-22 | 2006-11-02 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Solid oxide fuel cell and stack structure |
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