JPH02143957A - Sector arranging system for disk device, and disk and servo track writer used for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate disk circuit queuing and to improve a processing speed by arranging sectors by giving the fixed phase shift between cylinders under a relation in which the reading out or writing in of data or formatting for the cylinders is to be executed continuously. CONSTITUTION:The sectors are arranged so that a fixed phase shift a deg. can be given between the last position (code 40) of the (n)th cylinder and the start position (code 1) of the (n+1)th cylinder. A head 3 moves a data storing surface from the (n)th cylinder to the (n+1)th cylinder. The phase shift a deg. is the rotational angle of a disk 1 during processing time in which the head 3 moves to the adjacent cylinder. The rotation queuing of the head 3 can be eliminated by arranging the sectors so that a series of identification codes can be continued from the last position of the (n)th cylinder to the start position of the (n+1)th cylinder with the phase shift a deg. in the counter-rotating direction of the disk 1. Thus, the processing speed of the data reading out/writing in between the adjacent cylinders or the processing speed of the formatting can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a disk device, and in particular, to processing in the case of reading/reading data across different cylinders and in the case of formatting. The present invention relates to a sector arrangement method of a disk device suitable for improving speed, and a disk and servo track writer used therein.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, with regard to improving the processing speed of reading or M writing in a disk device, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-84
There is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 708.

The technology disclosed in the publication uses a sector servo system that allows sequential operation without waiting when reading and writing data continuously, even when moving to the next track within the same cylinder. The objective is to realize a magnetic disk device. As a means for achieving this objective, a technique is disclosed in which sectors are set for each head and a certain phase shift is provided between the sectors. That is, a technique is disclosed in which the phase between sectors of adjacent tracks on the same cylinder is shifted in the counter-rotation direction of the disk by the switching time of the magnetic head.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above-mentioned conventional technology does not take into account the point of improving the processing speed of data reading/writing or formatting when moving to an adjacent cylinder, and the disk device There was a problem with improving the processing speed.

That is, the above-mentioned conventional technique is applied only to the case of reading and writing across tracks within the same cylinder. However, data reading and writing is not limited to the same cylinder, and data may be written across adjacent cylinders. Further, when formatting is performed, it is performed on all cylinders. Furthermore, when reading and writing across multiple cylinders, it is necessary to move the head in the radial direction of the disk.

As described above, the measures against seek time during inter-track movement within the same cylinder disclosed in the prior art have been insufficient to improve the processing speed of data reading and writing to and from the disk device. Therefore, it has been an issue to improve the processing speed of reading and writing for movement between cylinders.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a sector arrangement method for a disk device that eliminates the need to wait for disk rotation when the head moves to a different cylinder, and improves the processing speed of data reading/writing or formatting. It is in.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a disk with the above-described sector arrangement.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a servo track writer suitable for formatting using the sector arrangement method described above.

[Means to solve the problem] This application is a means to achieve the above objectives.

The following inventions are provided.

The first invention of the present application is Having multiple cylinders, and for each cylinder.

In a sector allocation method in a disk device configured to arrange sectors identified by a series of identification codes.

It is characterized in that sectors are arranged with a certain phase shift between cylinders in which data is successively read, written, or formatted.

The invention of the present invention relates to a sector arrangement method in a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder. The last sector in the cylinder being matted and the first sector in the next cylinder in which data is subsequently read, written or formatted are placed at different angular positions with a certain phase shift. It is characterized by

The invention of the present application cylinder 3 is a disk used in a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder, which reads and writes data. or the last sector in the cylinder being formatted and the first sector in the next cylinder in which data is subsequently read, written or formatted at different angular positions with a certain phase shift. It is characterized by being placed in.

In each of the above inventions, it is preferable that the phase shift is set by the angle at which the disk rotates during the time required for head movement processing.

This phase shift can be set in the opposite direction to the rotational direction of the disk, or can be set in the same direction as the rotational direction of the disk.

When setting the above-mentioned phase shift, it is preferable to shift the arrangement of sectors so that when the head moves to the next cylinder, there is no waiting for rotation after the head moves.

Furthermore, the present application provides an invention of a servo trunk for setting the above sector arrangement. In other words, the fourth invention of the present application is to write and check servo information by fixing the head at a target cylinder position on the disk, and after completing the writing and checking operations for the cylinder,
By moving the head to the next cylinder and writing and checking the above servo information, in a servo track writer that performs servo write/verify on the disk, the start position of the sector is shifted for each cylinder and formatted. It is characterized by having a matting function.

The fifth invention is to fix the head at a target cylinder position on the disk,
A servo that writes and checks servo information, and after completing writing and checking operations for the cylinder concerned, moves the head to the next cylinder and writes and checks the servo information to perform servo write verification to the disk. In the track writer.

When the head is moved to the next cylinder to write and check the servo information, it is characterized by having a sector arrangement function that delays the start of writing by the head movement processing time.

A servo track writer to which such an invention is applied may, for example, write a reference tarok on a disk,
The written reference clock is read out to generate a clock index, and the head is fixed at a target cylinder position on the disk, and servo information is written and checked in synchronization with the clock index, and the servo information is written and checked for the cylinder. After the write and check operations are completed, the head is moved to the next cylinder in synchronization with the clock index, and the servo information is written and checked.

An example is a servo track writer that performs servo write and verify on a disk.

The invention also relates to the sector arrangement of the disk device.

In the invention of a servo track writer. Sector arrangement formatting can be applied to both data plane servo and servo plane servo.

Further, the above-described sector arrangement is performed for cylinders in which data is successively read/written. Although such relationships generally apply to adjacent cylinders.

Of course, it is not limited to this. For example, reading/writing of data can be continued for every odd number or every even number.

[Operation] The present invention provides a sector arrangement method for a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder. Or, by arranging sectors with a certain phase shift between the cylinders in which formatting is performed, when the head moves to the next cylinder, after the head moves to the next cylinder, writing or reading in the sector of the same law is possible. Since the beginning position of is at the head position, there is no waiting for rotation. For example, when the head moves from the n-th cylinder to the n+1-th cylinder, after the movement, the first sector of the n+1-th cylinder reaches the head position and can be read and written immediately. Regarding this effect,
This will be explained in more detail below.

FIG. 1 shows a sector arrangement having a series of identification codes for the n-th cylinder and the (n+1)-th cylinder. Sectors are arranged so that the final position (code 40) of the nth cylinder and the beginning position (code 1) of the (n+1)th cylinder have a constant phase shift a. The head moves the data recording surface from the nth cylinder to the (n+1)th cylinder. Phase shift °
is the angle through which the disk rotates during the processing time when the head moves to the adjacent cylinder. This transfer processing time includes
This includes mechanical head movement time and controller processing time.

If the processing time for moving the head from the n-th cylinder to the (n+1.)-th cylinder is α (sec/TR), and the disk rotation time is β (see/rotation), then a = 360'
α/β ... (1) Arranging sectors so that a series of identification codes continues with a phase shift ao in the counter-rotational direction of the disk from the final position of the n-th cylinder to the beginning position of the (n+1)-th cylinder. This eliminates the need to wait for the head to rotate. The processing speed of data reading/writing or formatting between adjacent cylinders can be improved.

(Left below) [Embodiment 1] For an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a magnetic disk device, see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6. and explain.

The magnetic disk device to which this embodiment is applied has a disk rotation speed of 360 Orpm, a sector count of 40 sectors/track, an access time from the n-th cylinder to the (n+1.)-th cylinder of 4 ms, and a sector interleave of 1.

FIG. 3 shows the configuration of this magnetic disk device.

This magnetic disk device includes a plurality of disks 1 that perform magnetic recording, a spindle motor 13 that quickly rotates the plurality of disks 1, and a guide arm 6 that moves and holds the disks 1 in the radial direction. , and a magnetic head 3 for writing and reading data.

The magnetic disk device also includes a controller CNT that controls reading of data from the disk 1 by the magnetic head.

As shown in FIG. 3, this controller CNT includes an interface control circuit 7. Microprocessor8. Immediate action control section 9. Hard disk controller 1-roller 10. Data buffer section 11. It is composed of a read/write circuit 12. The interface control circuit 7 is connected to a host computer (
(not shown). The quick-acting control section 9 performs positioning control of the magnetic head 3 and rotation control of the spindle motor 13.

The hard disk controller 10 converts parallel data sent from the host into serial data, adds an error correction code, and decodes the data. The data buffer unit 11 serves as a temporary data buffer between the host and the magnetic disk.

The read/write circuit 12 modulates serial data for writing data onto the disk 1 and demodulates it during reading.

The microprocessor 8 controls each of the above components. Vi
In order to shorten the processing time for moving to four adjacent cylinders, the processing time by the microprocessor 8 is made as short as possible.

The disk 1 has a magnetic recording surface.

Each one constitutes a track. Moreover, cylinders are set on the plurality of disks 1 in a concentric cylindrical shape. Sectors are arranged in each cylinder.

Next, the configuration of the disk 1 will be explained with reference to FIG.

FIG. 1 shows the n-th cylinder and the (n+1
) is a diagram representing a sector arrangement with a series of identification mark ridges of a cylinder;

In this embodiment, a plurality of cylinders such as an n-th cylinder 4 and an (n+1)-th cylinder 5 are arranged concentrically on a disk 1 constituting a recording medium. Each cylinder 4, 5, etc. is loaded with 40 sectors S, one each. These sectors S are marked with a series of identification codes. In this embodiment, the codes are sector numbers 1 to 40. Furthermore, an index 2 is provided at the beginning position of the first sector S of each cylinder.

Further, as described above, the guide arm 6 that holds the magnetic head 3 at its tip is arranged on the disk 1.

When the magnetic disk device is composed of a plurality of disks, this guide arm is provided corresponding to each recording surface. The guide arm 6 moves in the radial direction of the disk 1 to move the magnetic head 3 onto the disk 1.
4'4 Move in the radial direction. This causes the magnetic belly button 1-3 to move from one cylinder to another.

Next, the sector arrangement of each cylinder provided on the disk 1 will be explained.

The purpose of this sector arrangement is to eliminate rotational waiting when the magnetic head moves from the n-th cylinder to the (n+1)-th cylinder and to increase the processing speed. Each constant is defined as follows.

α (in sec/TR): Processing time for moving the magnetic head from the n-th cylinder to the (n+1)-th cylinder = 4 (ms/TRK) β = (scc/rotation): Disk 1 time; Time = 1
/ 60 (scc, /rotation) P Distance between cylinders The above movement processing time α depends on the movement amount P of the magnetic head.

a (P) = 4 (ms/in TR)
・(2) The magnetic head moves from the nth cylinder to the (nth
+1) What is the rotation angle of the disk when it moves into the cylinder?

α 360'X-=86.4'
...(3) Since β is more than one, the beginning position of the first sector of the (n+1)th cylinder is in the counter-rotational direction of the disk 1 when viewed from the final position of the 40th sector of the nth cylinder of the disk. Placed at an angle of 86.4°. In this embodiment, one phase is shifted in the counter-rotational direction, but depending on the moving direction of the magnetic head 3, an example in which one phase is shifted in the rotational direction, or a combination thereof may also be considered.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

When the magnetic disk device of this embodiment receives a data read request from a host such as a host computer, the microprocessor 8 receives the request via the interface control circuit 7 and requests data read from the disk 1. control.

That is, the microprocessor 8 controls the magnetic head 3 to move to the target cylinder via the drive control unit 96.Furthermore, when the magnetic head 3 reaches the target cylinder, it starts reading data from the required track. Start 6 The signal read by the magnetic head 3 is demodulated into serial digital data in the read/write circuit 12 and sent to the hard disk controller. At this point, error correction is performed.

Furthermore, it is converted into parallel data.

This parallel data is stored in the data buffer unit 11 and then sent to the host via the interface control circuit 7.

On the other hand, when writing data to disk l.

In the same manner as described above, the magnetic disk 3 is sent to the target cylinder, and writing is performed from the target track.

The write data is temporarily stored in the data buffer unit 11 from the host via the interface control circuit 7, and then converted into serial data in the hard disk controller 10, added with an error correction code, and sent to the read/write circuit. Sent to 12th. here,
Modulated.

It is sent to the magnetic head 3 and recorded on the disk 1.

Next, the processing time for moving the magnetic head when reading or writing is performed across two cylinders will be explained.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the mechanical movement time by the head drive mechanism and the controller processing time, which is included in the processing time for moving the magnetic head to an adjacent cylinder.

The mechanical movement time of the head consists of the seek operation time to the instantaneous contact cylinder and the following time. The controller processing time consists of an interface control time, a hard disk control time, a one-rotation speed check time, and the like. The control is
The microprocessor 8 is used.

FIG. 4 (,) shows the processing time for moving to an adjacent cylinder when controller processing is performed within the mechanical moving time. FIG. 4(b) shows the processing time for moving to the instant contact cylinder when no controller processing is performed during the mechanical moving time. In FIG. 4(a), the movement processing time is shortened. In order to achieve such a state, the processing time of the microprocessor 8 that performs the movement processing to the adjacent cylinder is made as short as possible.

In the case of this embodiment, it is possible to eliminate the rotation waiting time when the head moves to an adjacent cylinder.

This is the rotation waiting time in the case of a conventional sector allocation method that does not have a phase shift.

(S) -4 (ms) = 12.7 (ms), so time is saved accordingly. This improves the processing speed of data reading, writing or formatting.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 2 shows the n-th cylinder and the (n+1)-th cylinder of a magnetic disk device using a rotational access method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram representing a sector arrangement with a series of identification codes for a cylinder;

The magnetic disk device to which this embodiment is applied has the same configuration as the magnetic disk device to which the first embodiment is applied, except for the mechanism for performing head access.

Furthermore, the operations of the magnetic disk devices are the same except for the access operation of the magnetic head. Therefore, in this embodiment, only the accesses of different magnetic heads will be explained.

The purpose of this sector arrangement is to improve processing speed, similar to the first embodiment shown in FIG.

Each constant is defined as follows.

a = (see/TR) = 4 (ms/TRK)β
= (sec/rotation) = 1 / 60 (see/rotation) R1: Radius of the n-th cylinder R2: Radius of the (n+1)th cylinder r: Radius of rotation D of the 6Ji air head
: Distance from the center of the disk to the center of rotation of the magnetic head is 0 : The distance from the magnetic head to the nth cylinder to the (
n+1) Rotation angle when moving to cylinder The above movement processing time α is the movement H of the magnetic head.

Depends on.

a ((1) = 4 (to n's/TR)
-('l)rD rD The magnetic head 3 moves from the nth cylinder to the (n+1)th cylinder.
The rotation angle of the 9 disks when moving to the cylinder is α 360° x −=86.4′ β (6).

From the above, similarly to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the disks 1 are arranged offset by 86.4 degrees in the counter-rotational direction. Also,
From equation (5), since 0 representing the amount of movement of the magnetic head depends on the cylinder radius, 1 shift in equation (6) also changes.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The third example is the commercialized magnetic disk 'JA'? 1
This is an example in which the present invention is applied to a data surface servo track writer that writes servo information to data on a disk.

FIG. 5 is an external view of a 5-data single-plane servo track writer.

This is Clock Lite/Two Part 1 14. External actuator 17. Laser oscillator 18. Laser length measuring device 19. Anti-vibration base part 20. It is composed of a control section 21.

In the tarocratic/read section 14, the disc l of the product is
A fixed clock head 15 writes one track's worth of base 7i+ clocks into one location. Based on this reference tarok read by the tarok head 15, servo writing to the disk 1 of the product is performed by the magnetic head 3 of the product.

Length measurement using a laser beam is used to position the magnetic head 3 of the product. In order to accurately position the magnetic head 3 of the product, the guide arm 6 of the product is pressed down by the hook portion 16 of the external actuator 17. A non-rotating mirror is attached to the external actuator 17. The laser beam generated by the laser emitting 4H3 device 18 is reflected by a mirror and reaches the laser length measuring device 19. The position of the magnetic head 3 of the product is detected by the laser length measuring device 19 from the angle of reflection of the laser beam on the mirror, and the position of the magnetic head 3 of the product is determined.

The control unit 21 performs overall control.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. Here, we will discuss the operation sequence of servo write verify when the magnetic head 3 moves from the 0th cylinder to the 1st cylinder to eliminate the rotation wait and improve the processing speed.
This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 6 is a servo write verify operation sequence diagram.

A tarok head 15 reads out a reference clock from a product disk 1, and a control section 21 creates a clock index. The magnetic head 3 of the product is positioned with respect to the O-th cylinder by an external actuator 17.

After positioning, servo write, which is preset in the control unit 21, is performed in synchronization with the first clock index. The servo information is read out and checked in synchronization with the clock index of 2nd 1st. The magnetic head 3 of the product is set to the 0th position in synchronization with the clock index of the 3rd port.
Remove from cylinder. In synchronization with the fourth clock index, the magnetic head 3 of the product is accessed to the 0th cylinder to check access and following.

Then, in synchronization with the fifth clock index, the first
The magnetic head 3 of the product is positioned to the cylinder by an external actuator 17. In the first cylinder, from the tarok index, the processing time α (see / TRK
), and the servo write verify operation is performed in the same way as for the O-th cylinder.

By this servo write processing, from the 0th cylinder to the 1st cylinder.
The processing speed is improved by eliminating the need to wait for the rotation of the number for moving the magnetic head 3 to the cylinder.

In each of the above embodiments, an example was explained in which the magnetic head moves to an adjacent cylinder. Can be applied.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, an example in which the present invention is applied to a magnetic disk device has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to a device whose recording medium is not a magnetic disk, as long as it has the same problem.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where servo information is written on the data surface of the disk has been described, but the present invention can also be applied to a method in which servo information is written on the servo surface.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, it is possible to eliminate the rotation waiting time when the head moves to a different cylinder, and the data read/write or formatting processing time is shortened by the rotation waiting time. .

This has the effect of improving the performance of disk devices.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sector layout diagram of a linear access magnetic disk device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a rotational access magnetic disk device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the magnetic disk device, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the breakdown of processing time for moving the magnetic head to an adjacent cylinder, and FIG. 5 is the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the data surface servo track writer according to the embodiment, and a time chart showing the servo write/verify operation sequence. 1... Disk, 3... Magnetic head, 4... nth
Cylinder, 5... (n+1)th cylinder, 6... Guide arm, 7... Interface control circuit, 8...
・Microprocessor, 9... Drive control unit, 10...
・Hard disk controller 1 roller, 11...data buffer, 12...read/write 1-circuit, 13...
Spindle motor, 14... Clock/ride lead part, 15... Clock head, 16... Hook part, 1
7... External actuator, 18... Laser oscillator, 19... Laser length measuring device, 21... Control unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a sector arrangement method in a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder, successively reading data; A sector arrangement method for a disk device characterized by arranging sectors with a certain phase shift between cylinders in which writing or formatting is performed. 2. Reading, writing, or formatting of data is performed in a sector allocation method of a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder. A disk device characterized in that the last sector in a cylinder and the first sector in the next cylinder in which data is subsequently read, written or formatted are arranged at different angular positions so as to have a certain phase shift. sector allocation method. 3. A disk used in a disk device having a plurality of cylinders and in which sectors identified by a series of identification codes are arranged in each cylinder, and on which data is read, written, or formatted. A disk characterized in that the last sector in one cylinder and the first sector in the next cylinder in which data is subsequently read, written or formatted are arranged at different angular positions so as to have a certain phase shift. . 4. The sector arrangement method for a disk device according to claim 1 or 2, or the disk according to claim 3, wherein the phase shift is set by the angle at which the disk rotates during the time required for head movement processing. 5. The sector arrangement method for a disk device according to claim 1 or 2, or the disk according to claim 3, wherein the phase shift is set in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the disk. 6. The sector arrangement method for a disk device according to claim 1 or 2, or the disk according to claim 3, wherein the phase shift is set in the same direction as the rotational direction of the disk. 7. Fix the head at the target cylinder position on the disk, write and check servo information, and after writing and checking the cylinder, move the head to the next cylinder and write and check the servo information. A servo track writer that performs servo write verification on a disk by performing a check, the servo track writer having a function of formatting by shifting the leading position of a sector for each cylinder. 8. Fix the head at the target cylinder position on the disk, write and check the servo information, and after writing and checking the cylinder, move the head to the next cylinder and write and check the servo information. In a servo track writer that performs servo write verification on the disk by performing a check, when the head is moved to the next cylinder and the servo information is written and checked, the writing start is performed by the head movement process. A servo track writer characterized by having a function of delaying execution by a certain amount of time.