JP7635555B2 - Speaker device and vehicle door - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a speaker device and a vehicle door.

Among speakers that have an inner box and an outer box, there are some that have a coil-shaped spring member interposed between the inner box and the outer box (see, for example, Patent Document 1). There are also speakers in which a sealant and a sealing material are arranged around the sound-emitting surface of the speaker unit. This speaker is attached to a surface member provided on the door trim via a sealant and a sealing material (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Patent No. 6424963 specification Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-210582

The vibrations of the speaker may be transmitted via the speaker frame to the mounting target component to which the speaker frame is attached. This may cause the mounting target component to resonate or generate abnormal noise due to chatter. This disclosure prevents the vibrations of the speaker unit from being transmitted from the speaker frame to the mounting target component.

The speaker device of the present disclosure includes a speaker unit and a spring member that is positioned between the speaker unit and a mounting target member and supports the speaker unit. The resonant frequency fc based on the spring constant k1 of the spring member in the central axis direction of the speaker unit and the mass m of the speaker unit or the combined mass m1 of the speaker unit and the spring member is lower than the output audio band of the speaker unit.

The vehicle door of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned speaker device and a panel member having an opening formed therein. The speaker device is held in the opening.

1 is a front view of a speaker device according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker device. FIG. FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a vehicle door equipped with a speaker device.

Below, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the dimensions and scale of each part in the drawings are appropriately different from the actual ones. Furthermore, the embodiment described below is a preferred specific example of the present disclosure. For this reason, various technically preferable limitations are imposed on this embodiment. However, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to these forms unless otherwise specified in the following description to the effect that the present disclosure is limited.

Figure 1 is a front view of a speaker device 1 according to an embodiment. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker device 1. The speaker device 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is used as an in-vehicle speaker device mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, for example, as shown in Figure 5.

The speaker device 1 may be attached to a vehicle door via an inner panel, which is an attachment target member 50, for example. The use of the speaker device 1 is not limited to in-vehicle use, and may be for other purposes. The attachment target member 50 to which the speaker device 1 is attached is not limited to an inner panel. The attachment target member 50 may be another member, such as a door trim. The attachment target member 50 has an opening formed therein in which the speaker device 1 is held. For example, the speaker device 1 is fixed to the periphery surrounding the opening via an attachment member 40, which will be described later.

In FIG. 2, a part of the speaker device 1 is shown in cross section. This cross section is taken along the axis O of the speaker unit 2. The axis O is a line segment that is parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm 3, which will be described later, and passes through the center of the diaphragm 3. The direction that intersects with the axis O is the radial direction Y of the speaker unit 2. In the direction of the axis O, the side on which the diaphragm 3 is arranged is the front side, and the opposite side is the back side B. The front side is the sound-emitting surface side F. The axis O of the speaker unit 2 is the axis O of the magnetic circuit 6, which will be described later.

The speaker device 1 includes a speaker unit 2. The speaker unit 2 has a diaphragm 3, a drive unit 4, and a speaker frame 5, and is a structure in which these are unitized.

The diaphragm 3 is made of a sheet material and is a vibrating body that emits sound by vibration. The sheet material is obtained, for example, by impregnating a fiber base material with a resin material and then curing or solidifying the resin material. Examples of the resin material include acrylic resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, modified rubber resin, and phenolic resin. Examples of the fiber base material include carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, silica fiber, metal fiber, potassium titanate fiber, zirconia fiber, polyacrylate fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, vinylon fiber, rayon fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, acrylic fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, and cellulose fiber.

The diaphragm 3 vibrates in a direction along the axis O. The diaphragm 3 is cone-shaped. Note that the shape of the diaphragm 3 is not limited to a cone shape and may be, for example, a dome shape.

The driving unit 4 is a mechanism that drives the diaphragm 3 based on an input electrical signal. The driving unit 4 includes a magnetic circuit 6 that generates a magnetic field and a voice coil 7 that is connected to the diaphragm 3.

The magnetic circuit 6 includes a magnet 8, a yoke 9, and a center pole 10. The magnet 8, the yoke 9, and the center pole 10 are arranged on the back side B of the diaphragm 3 in the direction of the axis O. The magnet 8, the yoke 9, and the center pole 10 are arranged coaxially with the axis O. The magnet 8 is annular, the yoke 9 is disk-shaped, and the center pole 10 is cylindrical. The yoke 9 and the center pole 10 are made of magnetic materials.

The magnetic flux generated by the magnet 8 passes through the yoke 9 and the center pole 10. The magnetic flux passing through the magnetic circuit 6 creates a magnetic field around the magnetic circuit 6. The voice coil 7 is placed within the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit 6.

The speaker unit 2 includes a bobbin 11 around which the voice coil 7 is wound. The bobbin 11 includes a cylindrical portion 11a and a center cap 11b. The center cap 11b closes the opening on the front side of the cylindrical portion 11a. The voice coil 7 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 11a of the bobbin 11.

The diaphragm 3 is formed around the center cap 11b when viewed from the direction of the axis O. The inner circumference 3a of the diaphragm 3 is connected to the outer circumference of the center cap 11b.

The speaker unit 2 has an elastic edge portion 12. When viewed from the direction of the axis O, the edge portion 12 is ring-shaped and is provided along the outer periphery 3b of the diaphragm 3. The outer periphery 3b of the diaphragm 3 is connected to the edge portion 12. The diaphragm 3 is connected to the speaker frame 5 via the edge portion 12.

The speaker frame 5 holds the diaphragm 3 and the magnetic circuit 6. The speaker frame 5 is made of iron or metal material or resin material. The shape of the speaker frame 5 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 2 and can be any shape as long as it can hold the diaphragm 3 and the magnetic circuit 6.

The speaker frame 5 includes a cone portion 13, a magnetic circuit housing portion 14, and a flange 15. The cone portion 13 is formed to cover the diaphragm 3 from the outside in the radial direction Y. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 is disposed on the back side B of the cone portion 13 in the direction of the axis O. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 houses the magnet 8 and yoke 9 of the magnetic circuit 6. The back side B portion of the center pole 10 is housed in the magnetic circuit housing portion 14. The sound emitting surface side F portion of the center pole 10 extends into the cone portion 13. The magnetic circuit housing portion 14 houses a part of the magnetic circuit 6.

The flange 15 protrudes outward in the radial direction Y from the end of the sound emitting surface side F of the cone portion 13. The flange 15 has a circular ring shape when viewed from the axis O direction.

The speaker unit 2 includes an intermediate frame 20 connected to the speaker frame 5. The intermediate frame 20 is disposed outside the cone portion 13 in the radial direction Y. The intermediate frame 20 has, for example, a circular ring shape when viewed from the axial direction O. The intermediate frame 20 may include, for example, a cylindrical body. The intermediate frame 20 includes, in the axial direction O, a base portion 21 disposed on the sound emitting surface side F, and an extension portion 22 extending from the base portion 21 to the rear side B. The base portion 21 and the extension portion 22 are integrally molded. The intermediate frame 20 may be composed of multiple parts.

The base portion 21 is fixed to the flange 15. The base portion 21 is connected to the back surface of the flange 15. The outer diameter of the base portion 21 may be the same as the outer diameter of the flange 15. The outer diameter of the base portion 21 may be smaller than the outer diameter of the flange 15, or may be larger than the outer diameter of the flange 15.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the intermediate frame 20. Figure 3 shows a cross-section along the axis O of the intermediate frame 20. The extension portion 22 is inclined with respect to the axis O in the cross-section along the axis O. The inner diameter D1 of the sound emitting surface side F of the extension portion 22 is larger than the inner diameter D2 of the back side B of the extension portion 22. A connection surface 20a is formed at the end of the back side B of the intermediate frame 20. The connection surface 20a is annular when viewed from the direction of the axis O. The connection surface 20a includes a surface perpendicular to the axis O.

As shown in Figs. 2 to 4, the speaker device 1 includes a spring member 30 that supports the speaker unit 2. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the spring member 30. The spring member 30 is located between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting target member 50 in a force transmission path between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting target member 50. The force transmission path between the speaker unit 2 and the mounting target member 50 includes parts to which force for supporting the speaker unit 2 is transmitted. The speaker device 1 includes the spring member 30 and a mounting member 40, which will be described later.

As shown in FIG. 4, the spring member 30 is a ring-shaped leaf spring. The thickness direction of the leaf spring is along the axis O direction. The spring member 30 may be made of metal or resin. The spring member 30 may be made of rubber. The spring member 30 may be made of other materials. The spring member 30 has a first ring (inner circumference) 31, a second ring (outer circumference) 32, and a connecting portion 33. The first ring 31 is disposed on the inner circumference side, and the second ring 32 is disposed on the outer circumference side. The connecting portion 33 is disposed between the first ring 31 and the second ring 32 in the radial direction Y, and connects the first ring 31 and the second ring 32. The spring member 30 has a plurality of connecting portions 33. The spring member 30 has, for example, four connecting portions 33.

The connecting portion 33 includes a first portion 33a having an arc shape, a second portion 33b connecting the first portion 33a and the first ring 31, and a third portion 33c connecting the first portion 33a and the second ring 32. The first portion 33a has a predetermined length in the circumferential direction of the spring member 30. A gap is formed between the connecting portions 33 adjacent in the circumferential direction. In the radial direction Y, a gap is formed between the first ring 31 and the first portion 33a. A gap is formed between the second ring 32 and the first portion 33a. In the longitudinal direction of the first portion 33a, the second portion 33b is connected to one end, and the third portion 33c is connected to the other end.

2 and 3, the first ring 31 is joined to the intermediate frame 20, and the second ring 32 is joined to the mounting member 40. The first ring 31 is joined to the connection surface 20a of the intermediate frame 20. The second ring 32 is joined to the end surface 40a of the back side B of the mounting member 40. The spring member 30 may be screwed or glued to the connection surface 20a. Similarly, the spring member 30 may be screwed or glued to the end surface 40a. The spring member 30 may be joined to the connection surface 20a and the end surface 40a by other methods.

The mounting member 40 includes a cylindrical body 41, a first flange 42, and a second flange 43. The cylindrical body 41 is arranged coaxially with the axis O. The cylindrical body 41 is arranged outside the intermediate frame 20 in the radial direction Y. The first flange 42 is arranged on the sound emitting surface side F of the cylindrical body 41. The first flange 42 protrudes outward in the radial direction Y from the cylindrical body 41. The second flange 43 is arranged on the back side B of the cylindrical body 41. The second flange 43 protrudes inward in the radial direction Y from the cylindrical body 41. The length of the mounting member 40 in the axial direction O is, for example, shorter than the length of the intermediate frame 20 in the axial direction O. In the axial direction O, the intermediate frame 20 protrudes toward the sound emitting surface side F more than the mounting member 40. The end surface 40a is the surface on the back side B of the second flange 43. As described above, the spring member 30 is joined to the end surface 40a.

The first flange 42 is fixed to the mounting target member 50. The first flange 42 is fixed to the mounting target member 50 with bolts. The first flange 42 may be joined to the mounting target member 50 by other methods.

The speaker device 1 includes a sealing member 16 that seals the gap between the mounting member 40 and the speaker unit 2. The inner circumferential side of the sealing member 16 is joined to the flange 15. The outer circumferential side of the sealing member 16 is joined to the first flange 42. The sealing member 16 is an elastic member, for example, a rubber membrane. The material of the sealing member 16 is not limited to rubber, and may be resin or the like. Furthermore, the sealing member 16 is not limited to being membrane-shaped, and may be, for example, block-shaped.

Next, the characteristics of the spring member 30 will be described. The spring constant k1 in the axial direction O of the spring member 30 is smaller than the spring constant k2 in the radial direction Y of the spring member 30. The spring member 30 is more easily deformed in the axial direction O than in the radial direction Y.

The resonant frequency fc based on the spring constant k1 of the spring member 30 and the mass m of the speaker unit 2 is lower than the output audio band of the speaker unit 2. If the mass of the spring member 30 is too large to be ignored, the "mass m" may be replaced with the combined "mass m1" of the speaker unit 2 and the spring member 30.

The resonance frequency fc satisfies the following formula (1).

The resonance frequency fc is less than the lowest resonance frequency _f0 of the speaker unit 2. The lowest resonance frequency _f0 corresponds to the lower limit of the frequency range of the sound output from the speaker unit 2. The lowest resonance frequency _f0 of the speaker unit 2 is, for example, 30 Hz or more and 60 Hz or less.

The lowest resonance frequency f ₀ of the speaker unit 2 is the lowest frequency among the frequencies at which the absolute value of the electrical impedance in the speaker unit 2 becomes maximum.

Since the speaker device 1 is provided with the spring member 30, the vibrations of the speaker unit 2 are damped by the spring member 30. As a result, the vibrations of the speaker unit 2 are less likely to be transmitted to the mounting member 40 and the mounting target member 50.

In the speaker device 1, the resonant frequency fc based on the spring constant k1 of the spring member 30 and the mass m of the speaker unit 2 is lower than the output sound band of the speaker unit 2. This prevents the vibration of the speaker unit 2 from being transmitted to the mounting member 40 and the mounting target member 50 via the spring member 30.

In the speaker device 1, the spring member 30 is a leaf spring, and the thickness direction of the leaf spring is aligned with the axis O direction of the speaker unit 2. Because the thickness direction of the leaf spring is aligned with the vibration direction of the diaphragm 3, the vibration of the speaker unit 2 is not easily transmitted in the radial direction Y. Therefore, the vibration of the speaker unit 2 is not easily transmitted to the mounting member 40 and the mounting target member 50.

In the speaker device 1, the axis O direction extends along the horizontal direction, and the spring constant k1 of the spring member 30 in the axis O direction is lower than the spring constant k2 in the radial direction Y of the spring member 30. Therefore, the speaker device 1 is soft in the horizontal direction and hard in the vertical direction. The speaker device 1 has a structure suitable for vertical placement in which the axis O direction is arranged along the horizontal direction. Note that "soft in the horizontal direction" means that the speaker unit 2 is easily displaced in the horizontal direction. "Stiff in the vertical direction" means that the speaker unit 2 is less likely to be displaced in the vertical direction. The speaker unit 2 is more likely to be displaced in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction.

In the speaker device 1, the spring member 30 is connected to the intermediate frame 20 and is disposed on the rear side B in the direction of the axis O, closer to the flange 15, which is the end of the sound-emitting surface side F of the speaker unit 2. In other words, in the direction of the axis O, the spring member 30 is disposed at a position closer to the magnetic circuit 6.

With this speaker device 1, the spring member 30 can be disposed in a position close to the center of gravity of the speaker unit 2 in the direction of the axis O, so that the speaker unit 2 can be stably supported. With the speaker device 1, distortion of the spring member 30 can be prevented, and tilting of the speaker unit 2 can be suppressed.

In the speaker device 1, in the radial direction Y of the speaker unit 2, the connection surface 20a, which is the connection position between the spring member 30 and the speaker unit 2, is located closer to the axis O than the outer circumferential portion 15a of the flange 15, which is the position of the maximum outer shape of the speaker unit 2. This makes it possible to reduce the size of the speaker device 1 in the radial direction Y. The installation space for the speaker device 1 can be reduced.

Next, a vehicle door (vehicle door) 100 equipped with a speaker device 1 will be described. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a vehicle door 100 equipped with a speaker system according to an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 5, the vehicle door 100 includes a first panel 102 called an outer panel that contacts the outside, a second panel 103 called a door trim that is provided on the vehicle compartment side of the vehicle door 100 as an interior material, a third panel 104 called an inner panel that is provided between the first panel 102 and the second panel 103, and a speaker device 1 attached to the third panel 104. The first panel 102 and the third panel 104 are generally made of steel plates, and the front, rear and lower outer edge portions of the panels are joined to each other. The first panel 102 and the third panel 104 may also be made of an aluminum alloy or a carbon material. The second panel 103 is generally made of a synthetic resin molded plate. However, in this disclosure, the constituent materials of these panels 102, 103, and 104 are not limited to those mentioned above. A frame 107 is provided on the top of the first panel 102 and the third panel 104, housing the window glass 106 so that it can move up and down.

The third panel 104 is provided with an opening 104a for accommodating the speaker device 1 and a plurality of openings 104b for accommodating a motor, door lock actuator, etc. (not shown) for moving the window glass 106 up and down. In this embodiment, at least a portion of these openings 104b is not blocked by a motor, door lock actuator, etc. (not shown), and no dedicated member for blocking the openings 104b is provided.

The second panel 103 is attached to the third panel 104 by removably fixing the outer edge portion of the second panel 103 to the third panel 104 with connecting members 109X and 109Y. A groove-shaped packing attachment portion is provided along the outer edge portion of the second panel 103, and a packing 110 is fitted into the packing attachment portion, and this packing 110 maintains the airtightness of the space between the second panel 103 and the third panel 104. This space communicates with the space formed between the first panel 102 and the third panel 104 through at least some of the openings provided in the third panel 104.

The speaker unit 2 is attached to the third panel 104 via the attachment member 40. The attachment member 40 is fixed using screws. The third panel 104 is an example of a panel member, and corresponds to the attachment target member 50 described above.

The above-mentioned examples merely show representative forms of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and various modifications and additions are possible without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

In the above embodiment, the speaker device 1 is arranged so that the axis O is horizontal, but the speaker device 1 may be arranged so that the axis O is vertical, or the speaker device 1 may be arranged so that the axis O is inclined with respect to the horizontal.

In the above embodiment, the speaker device 1 is disposed in a vehicle door, but the speaker device 1 may be disposed in other parts of the vehicle. Also, the speaker device 1 may be applied to objects other than vehicles.

The speaker device 1 may not include the intermediate frame 20 and the mounting member 40. The spring member 30 may be directly connected to the flange 15. The spring member 30 may be directly connected to the mounting target member 50. Similarly, the sealing member 16 may be directly connected to the mounting target member 50.

In the above embodiment, the sealing member 16 that seals the gap between the mounting member 40 and the flange 15 has been described, but the sealing member 16 may have other configurations. The speaker device 1 may be configured without the sealing member 16. The speaker device 1 may be configured with a sealing member that seals the gaps of other parts. The speaker device 1 may be configured with a sealing member that seals the gaps of the spring member 30. The sealing member may be formed of a rubber film having elasticity and may seal the gaps of the spring member 30. The sealing member may be disposed in the gaps of the spring member 30, or may be disposed so as to cover the gaps. The speaker device 1 may also be configured with a spring member that functions as a sealing member. The speaker device 1 may be configured with a rubber spring member that does not have a gap. The sealing member may seal the gaps between multiple other parts. The sealing member may seal the gaps between the mounting member 40 and the intermediate frame 20.

1...speaker device, 2...speaker unit, 3...diaphragm, 3b...outer circumference of diaphragm, 4...speaker frame, 6...magnetic circuit, 15...flange (end of speaker unit on sound emitting side), 15a...outer circumference (position of maximum outer shape of speaker unit), 16...sealing member 16, 20...middle frame, 20a...connection surface (position of connection between leaf spring and speaker unit), 30...spring-like member (leaf spring), 31...first ring (inner circumference), 32...second ring (outer circumference), 40...mounting member, 50...mounting target member, 100...vehicle door (vehicle door), 104...third panel (mounting target member, panel member), 104a...opening, B...back side, F...sound emitting side, O...center axis of speaker unit, Y...radial direction.

Claims (8)

A speaker unit;
A spring member that connects the speaker unit to either an attachment target member or an attachment member that is attached to the attachment target member and supports the speaker unit;
Equipped with
The spring member is a leaf spring,
The thickness direction of the leaf spring is aligned along the central axis direction of the speaker unit,
A resonance frequency fc based on a spring constant k1 of the spring member in the central axis direction of the speaker unit and a mass m of the speaker unit or a combined mass m1 of the speaker unit and the spring member is lower than an output sound band of the speaker unit,
The central axis of the speaker unit extends along the horizontal direction,
A spring constant k1 of the spring member in a central axis direction of the speaker unit is lower than a spring constant k2 of the spring member in a direction perpendicular to the central axis direction.
Speaker equipment. The resonance frequency fc is less than the lowest resonance frequency _f0 of the speaker unit.
The speaker device according to claim 1 . The speaker unit includes:
A diaphragm;
a speaker frame disposed on an outer periphery of the diaphragm;
A magnetic circuit is disposed on the rear side of the diaphragm in a direction of a central axis of the speaker unit;
an intermediate frame connected to the speaker frame, extending from the sound emitting surface side of the speaker unit to a rear side, and connected to the leaf spring;
3. The speaker device according to claim 1 or 2 . The leaf spring has an annular shape,
An outer periphery connected to the mounting member;
an inner peripheral portion disposed on the inner peripheral side of the outer peripheral portion and connected to the intermediate frame;
The speaker device according to claim 3 . The leaf spring is connected to the intermediate frame and is disposed on the rear side of the end of the speaker unit on the sound emitting surface side in the central axis direction of the speaker unit.
5. The speaker device according to claim 3 or 4 . The speaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein in a radial direction of the speaker unit, a connection position between the leaf spring and the speaker unit is closer to a central axis of the speaker unit than a position of a maximum outer shape of the speaker unit. a sealing member that seals a gap between the mounting member and the speaker unit,
The spring member is connected to the attachment target member via the attachment member.
The speaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . A speaker device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 ,
a panel member having an opening formed therein;
The speaker device is held in the opening.
Vehicle door.

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