JP2024081993A - Speaker and vehicle door - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve the quality of sound of a speaker and reduce the cost at the same time.SOLUTION: A speaker 1 includes: a speaker unit 10 having a vibrator 11 and a frame 14; an attachment member 20 attached to an attachment object; and a sealing member 40 having a first sealing unit 44 for sealing the space between the vibrator 11 and the frame 14 and a second sealing unit 45 for sealing the space between the speaker unit 10 and the attachment member 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

This disclosure relates to a speaker and a vehicle door.

In the speaker described in Patent Document 1, the speaker unit is supported via an elastic member on a mounting member that is attached to the mounting object so that the transmission of vibration from the speaker unit, which includes a diaphragm and a frame, to the mounting object is reduced. Here, the outer periphery of the diaphragm is connected to the frame via an elastic edge portion along its entire circumference. In addition, the gap between the frame and the mounting member is sealed by a sealing member that is a separate part from the edge portion.

JP 2022-107280 A

In the speaker described in Patent Document 1, the sealing member is a separate part from the edge portion, so the increased number of parts leads to increased costs for processing, maintenance, etc.

Taking the above into consideration, one aspect of the present disclosure aims to achieve both sound quality and low cost.

In order to solve the above problems, a speaker according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure includes a speaker unit having a diaphragm and a frame, a mounting member that is attached to an object to which the speaker unit is attached, and a sealing member having a first sealing portion that seals the gap between the diaphragm and the frame, and a second sealing portion that seals the gap between the speaker unit and the mounting member.

A vehicle door according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure includes a speaker according to the above-mentioned embodiment and a panel that is the object to which the speaker is to be attached.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a rear view of the speaker according to the first embodiment. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the speaker according to the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a speaker according to a second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a speaker according to a third embodiment. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a vehicle door.

Below, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the dimensions and scale of each part in the drawings are appropriately different from the actual ones. Furthermore, the embodiment described below is a preferred specific example of the present disclosure. For this reason, various technically preferable limitations are imposed on this embodiment. However, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to these forms unless otherwise specified in the following description to the effect that the present disclosure is limited.

1. Speaker 1-1. First embodiment 1-1-1. Overall configuration of the speaker Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker 1 according to a first embodiment. The speaker 1 is a device that is attached to an attachment object 200 and emits sound based on an audio signal input from an external device such as an amplifier (not shown).

The mounting object 200 is, for example, an inner panel of a vehicle door. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the mounting object 200 has an opening 210, and the speaker 1 is arranged so as to cover the opening 210. The speaker 1 is fixed to the mounting object 200 by screwing or the like. Note that the mounting object 200 is not limited to the inner panel of a vehicle door, and may be, for example, a panel other than the inner panel of a vehicle door, or a panel used for something other than a vehicle door.

As shown in FIG. 1, the speaker 1 includes a speaker unit 10, a mounting member 20, a plurality of elastic members 30, a sealing member 40, a plurality of stoppers 50, a plurality of cushion materials 61, and a plurality of cushion materials 62.

Each part of the speaker 1 will be described in detail below. Note that in the following, the central axis of the speaker unit 10 is the axis AX, one direction along the axis AX is the X1 direction, and the opposite direction to the X1 direction is the X2 direction. In the following, one direction along an imaginary circle centered on the axis AX or the opposite direction is sometimes referred to as the circumferential direction, and a direction perpendicular to the axis AX and moving away from the axis AX or the opposite direction is sometimes referred to as the radial direction. Furthermore, in the following, a view along the axis AX may be referred to as a planar view.

The speaker unit 10 is a dynamic driver that converts electrical audio signals from an external device such as an amplifier (not shown) into sound. The speaker unit 10 has a diaphragm 11, a voice coil 12, a magnetic circuit 13, a frame 14, and a damper 15.

The diaphragm 11 is a vibrating body made of a sheet material, and emits sound by vibration. The sheet material constituting the diaphragm 11 is obtained, for example, by hardening or solidifying a resin material impregnated into a fiber substrate. Examples of the resin material include polyester resin, acrylic resin, polyurethane, melamine resin, modified rubber resin, and phenolic resin. Examples of the fiber substrate include carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, ceramic fiber, silica fiber, metal fiber, potassium titanate fiber, zirconia fiber, polyacrylate fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, vinylon fiber, rayon fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, acrylic fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, cotton fiber, hemp fiber, and cellulose fiber. The surface of the sheet material may be provided with a coating film made of, for example, a metal such as aluminum or an inorganic material such as DLC (Diamond-like Carbon).

The diaphragm 11 has a surface facing the X1 direction and a surface facing the X2 direction, and emits sound by vibrating in a direction along the axis AX. The surface of the diaphragm 11 facing the X1 direction is the sound emitting surface. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the diaphragm 11 is cone-shaped. Note that the shape of the diaphragm 11 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1, and may be, for example, dome-shaped.

The voice coil 12 is fixed to the surface of the diaphragm 11 facing the X2 direction, and generates a magnetic field when an electrical audio signal is input. The voice coil 12 has a bobbin 12a and a coil 12b. The bobbin 12a is cylindrical with the axis AX as its central axis. One end of the bobbin 12a in the X1 direction is joined with an adhesive or the like to the surface of the diaphragm 11 facing the X2 direction. The coil 12b is composed of a conducting wire wound circumferentially around the outer periphery of the bobbin 12a. The audio signal is input to the coil 12b. As a result, a magnetic field corresponding to the audio signal is generated from the voice coil 12.

The magnetic circuit 13 is a structure that generates a magnetic field that acts on the magnetic field from the voice coil 12. The magnetic circuit 13 has a permanent magnet 13a and a yoke 13b. The permanent magnet 13a is a ferrite magnet or a neodymium magnet, etc., with the axis line AX as its central axis. The yoke 13b is made of a soft magnetic material, and guides the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 13a to the voice coil 12. Therefore, when the magnetic field from the voice coil 12 due to an audio signal acts on the magnetic field from the magnetic circuit 13, the diaphragm 11 vibrates in response to the audio signal.

The frame 14 is a structure for supporting the diaphragm 11 and the magnetic circuit 13. The frame 14 is made of, for example, a metal material or a resin material. The magnetic circuit 13 is fixed to the frame 14, and the diaphragm 11 is connected to the frame 14 via the damper 15 and the sealing member 40.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the frame 14 is generally shaped along the side of a truncated cone that spreads in the X1 direction with the axis AX as the center. A flange 14a that protrudes outward in the radial direction is provided at the end of the frame 14 in the X1 direction. A sealing member 40 is bonded to the surface of the flange 14a facing the X1 direction with an adhesive or the like. A back plate 14b is provided at the end of the frame 14 in the X2 direction, with the plate thickness direction being along the axis AX. A magnetic circuit 13 is bonded to the surface of the back plate 14b facing the X2 direction with an adhesive or the like. Furthermore, a plurality of holes 14c that penetrate in the radial direction are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction in the frame 14. Through such a plurality of holes 14c, the space S1 formed between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14 communicates with the space S2 formed between the mounting member 20 and the frame 14. This reduces the effect of the air spring of the space S1 on the diaphragm 11. The frame 14 is also provided with a number of mounting surfaces 14d facing the X2 direction. An elastic member 30 is joined to each of the mounting surfaces 14d by screw fastening or the like.

The shape of the frame 14 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1 and may be any shape. The shape or size of the hole 14c is not particularly limited and may be any shape. The hole 14c may be provided as needed and may be omitted. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the frame 14 is made of a single member, but this is not limited thereto and the frame 14 may be made of multiple members joined together by adhesive or the like.

The damper 15 is a flexible sheet material that supports the voice coil 12 against the frame 14 while allowing the diaphragm 11 to vibrate. The sheet material is, for example, shaped into a concentric wave shape and is made of the same material as the diaphragm 11 described above. The damper 15 is annular when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. The inner peripheral edge of the damper 15 is bonded to the diaphragm 11 with an adhesive or the like. The outer peripheral edge of the damper 15 is bonded to the frame 14 with an adhesive or the like. The damper 15 is provided as necessary and may be omitted.

The above speaker unit 10 is supported on the mounting member 20 via multiple elastic members 30.

The mounting member 20 is a member that is attached to the mounting object 200. The mounting member 20 is made of, for example, a metal material or a resin material. A space S2 is formed between the mounting member 20 and the frame 14 to allow relative movement therebetween in the X1 and X2 directions.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the mounting member 20 is generally cylindrical with the axis AX at its center. A flange 21 is provided at the end of the mounting member 20 in the X1 direction, protruding outward in the radial direction. A sealing member 40 is bonded to the surface of the flange 21 facing the X1 direction by adhesive or the like. A flange 22 is provided at the end of the mounting member 20 in the X2 direction, protruding outward in the radial direction. The surface of the flange 22 facing the X2 direction is bonded to the mounting object 200 by screw fastening or the like. Furthermore, the mounting member 20 is provided with a plurality of protruding portions 23 that protrude inward in the radial direction at intervals in the circumferential direction. Each protruding portion 23 overlaps with the flange 14a of the frame 14 described above when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. Therefore, the protruding portion 23 and the flange 14a restrict the movement of the frame 14 in the X2 direction relative to the mounting member 20. In this way, the protrusions 23 function as stoppers that restrict movement of the frame 14 in the X2 direction relative to the mounting member 20. A cushion material 61 is bonded to the surface of each protrusion 23 facing the X1 direction with an adhesive or the like. Similarly, a cushion material 62 is bonded to the surface of each protrusion 23 facing the X2 direction with an adhesive or the like. The mounting member 20 is also provided with a plurality of mounting surfaces 24 facing the X2 direction. An elastic member 30 is bonded to each of the plurality of mounting surfaces 24 with a screw or the like.

The shape of the mounting member 20 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1 and may be any shape. For example, the protrusion 23 may be provided continuously around the entire circumference of the mounting member 20. In this case, the mounting surface 24 may be provided on the side of the protrusion 23 facing the X2 direction.

The multiple elastic members 30 are elastically deformable members that support the speaker unit 10 on the mounting member 20. In the example shown in FIG. 1, each elastic member 30 is a leaf spring whose thickness direction is along the axis AX, and is made of, for example, a metal material such as spring steel. Note that the material of the elastic members 30 is not limited to a metal material, and may be, for example, a resin material or a fiber-reinforced composite material.

The elastic members 30 are arranged at intervals from one another in the circumferential direction. Each elastic member 30 has a shape extending along the circumferential direction. One end of each elastic member 30 in the longitudinal direction is joined to the mounting surface 14d of the frame 14 by screwing or the like. Meanwhile, the other end of each elastic member 30 in the longitudinal direction is joined to the mounting surface 24 of the mounting member 20 by screwing or the like. In this way, one end of each elastic member 30 in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the frame 14, and the other end of each elastic member 30 in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the mounting member 20. As a result, the speaker unit 10 can move in a direction along the axis AX relative to the mounting member 20, accompanied by flexural deformation in the thickness direction of each elastic member 30. An example of the arrangement of the elastic members 30 will be described later with reference to FIG. 2.

The stopper 50 is a member that is fixed to the frame 14 by screwing or the like and restricts movement of the frame 14 in the X1 direction relative to the mounting member 20. The stopper 50 is made of, for example, a metal material or a resin material.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the stopper 50 is fixed to the mounting surface 14d via the elastic member 30 by screwing or the like. The stopper 50 also has a protrusion 51 that protrudes radially outward from the mounting surface 14d. The protrusion 51 has a portion that overlaps with the protrusion 23 of the mounting member 20 described above when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. Therefore, the protrusion 51 and the protrusion 23 restrict movement of the frame 14 in the X1 direction relative to the mounting member 20. The stopper 50 may be configured integrally with the frame 14 or the elastic member 30.

The cushioning materials 61 and 62 are members having shock absorbing properties. Each of the cushioning materials 61 and 62 is, for example, a foam made of a resin material, a rubber material, or an elastomer material. The cushioning material 61 is disposed between the flange 14a of the frame 14 and the protruding portion 23 of the mounting member 20. On the other hand, the cushioning material 62 is disposed between the protruding portion 51 of the stopper 50 and the protruding portion 23 of the mounting member 20.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the cushion material 61 is fixed to the surface of the protruding portion 23 facing the X1 direction by adhesive or the like, and the cushion material 62 is fixed to the surface of the protruding portion 23 facing the X2 direction by adhesive or the like. The cushion material 61 may be fixed to the surface of the flange 14a facing the X2 direction by adhesive or the like without being fixed to the protruding portion 23. Similarly, the cushion material 62 may be fixed to the surface of the protruding portion 51 of the stopper 50 facing the X1 direction by adhesive or the like without being fixed to the protruding portion 23. The cushion material 61 may be formed integrally with the mounting member 20 or the frame 14. Similarly, the cushion material 62 may be formed integrally with the mounting member 20 or the stopper 50.

The sealing member 40 is a flexible film-like or sheet-like member that seals the gap between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14 and the gap between the frame 14 and the mounting member 20. In this way, the sealing member 40 not only functions to seal the gap between the frame 14 and the mounting member 20, but also functions as an edge or surround that connects the outer periphery of the diaphragm 11 to the frame 14. The sealing member 40 is made of, for example, a rubber material. Here, "rubber material" refers to rubber or elastomer. Note that the material that constitutes the sealing member 40 is not limited to a rubber material, and may be, for example, a resin material, etc.

The sealing member 40 is annular when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. The sealing member 40 has a first fixing portion 41, a second fixing portion 42, a third fixing portion 43, a first sealing portion 44, and a second sealing portion 45. The first fixing portion 41 is fixed to the diaphragm 11. The second fixing portion 42 is fixed to the frame 14. The third fixing portion 43 is fixed to the mounting member 20. The first sealing portion 44 connects the first fixing portion 41 and the second fixing portion 42. The second sealing portion 45 connects the second fixing portion 42 and the third fixing portion 43. Details of the sealing member 40 will be described later with reference to FIG. 3.

1-1-2. Example of the configuration of the elastic member Fig. 2 is a rear view of the speaker 1 according to the first embodiment. Fig. 2 shows the speaker 1 as viewed in the X1 direction. Note that in Fig. 2, for ease of viewing, the illustration of the holes 14c of the frame 14 and the like has been omitted as appropriate, and the stopper 50 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the outer periphery of the frame 14 and the inner periphery of the mounting member 20 each have an elliptical shape when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. Here, the flange 22 of the mounting member 20 has multiple parts that protrude outward in the radial direction, and each of the multiple parts is provided with a screw hole 22a used for screwing to the mounting object 200.

The multiple elastic members 30 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction along the inner circumference of the mounting member 20. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the speaker 1 has four elastic members 30. Each elastic member 30 has a shape that curves and extends along the outer circumference of the frame 14 and the inner circumference of the mounting member 20 when viewed in the direction along the axis AX.

The elastic members 30 are identical in configuration. This allows the speaker 1 to be manufactured at a lower cost than when the elastic members 30 are different in configuration. Of the two longitudinal ends of each elastic member 30, one circumferential end is fixed to the mounting surface 14d of the frame 14, while the other circumferential end opposite the one circumferential end is fixed to the mounting surface 24 of the mounting member 20.

The planar shapes of the frame 14 and the mounting member 20 are not limited to the example shown in FIG. 2. For example, the outer circumference of the frame 14 and the inner circumference of the mounting member 20 may each be circular when viewed in the direction along the axis AX. The number, shape, arrangement, and other aspects of the elastic members 30 of the speaker 1 are not limited to the example shown in FIG. 2 and are arbitrary. However, from the viewpoint of the stability of the support of the speaker unit 10 on the mounting member 20, it is preferable that the number of parts of the elastic members 30 connecting the frame 14 and the mounting member 20 is more than one, and more preferably three or more. The parts of the multiple elastic members 30 that are fixed to the frame 14 or the mounting member 20 may be ring-shaped so as to be connected to each other. In this case, the positioning of the elastic members 30 can be performed easily and with high precision.

As described above, each elastic member 30 arranged as above is a leaf spring whose thickness direction is along the axis AX, as described above. Therefore, the spring constant k1 of the elastic member 30 in the direction along the axis AX is smaller than the spring constant k2 of the elastic member 30 in the radial direction. In other words, the elastic member 30 is more likely to deform in the direction along the axis AX than in the radial direction. Therefore, the speaker unit 10 can be stably supported on the mounting member 20 via the multiple elastic members 30, and vibrations transmitted from the speaker unit 10 to the mounting member 20 can be reduced.

The resonance frequency fc based on the spring constant k1 of the elastic member 30 and the mass m of the speaker unit 10 is expressed by the following formula (1). Note that the mass m may be the sum of the mass of the speaker unit 10 and the mass of the elastic member 30.

Here, the resonance frequency fc is lower than the output audio band of the speaker unit 10. Therefore, the vibration transmitted from the speaker unit 10 to the mounting member 20 is suitably reduced. The resonance frequency fc is also lower than the lowest resonance frequency _f0 of the speaker unit 10. The lowest resonance frequency _f0 corresponds to the lower limit of the output audio band of the speaker unit 10, and is, for example, 30 Hz or more and 60 Hz or less. In this way, since the resonance frequency fc is lower than the lowest resonance frequency _f0 , the vibration transmitted from the speaker unit 10 to the mounting member 20 is suitably reduced.

1-1-3. Details of the sealing member Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the speaker 1 according to the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 3, the first fixing portion 41, the second fixing portion 42, the third fixing portion 43, the first sealing portion 44, and the second sealing portion 45 of the sealing member 40 are integrally formed.

The sealing member 40 may be made of a single material, or may be made of a mixture of multiple materials, laminated, or multi-colored. For example, the materials constituting two or more of the first fixing portion 41, the second fixing portion 42, the third fixing portion 43, the first sealing portion 44, and the second sealing portion 45 may be different from each other.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the thickness of the sealing member 40 is uniform. Therefore, the thickness t1 of the first fixing portion 41, the thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42, the thickness t3 of the third fixing portion 43, the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44, and the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 are all equal to one another.

The first fixing portion 41 is provided along the entire outer edge of the diaphragm 11 and is bonded with an adhesive or the like to the outer periphery of the surface of the diaphragm 11 facing the X2 direction. Here, the first fixing portion 41 is in close contact with the diaphragm 11 over the entire circumference. "Close contact" means that there is substantially no gap between the two target components, and includes cases where the two components are in contact with each other, as well as cases where there is adhesive between the two components with no gap. Note that the first fixing portion 41 may be bonded with an adhesive or the like to the outer periphery of the surface of the diaphragm 11 facing the X1 direction.

The second fixing portion 42 is provided around the entire circumference of the flange 14a of the frame 14 and is joined with an adhesive or the like to the surface of the flange 14a facing the X1 direction. Here, the second fixing portion 42 is in close contact with the frame 14 around the entire circumference.

The third fixing portion 43 is provided around the entire circumference of the flange 21 of the mounting member 20 and is joined to the surface of the flange 21 facing the X1 direction with an adhesive or the like. Here, the third fixing portion 43 is in close contact with the mounting member 20 around the entire circumference.

When the speaker 1 is in its natural state, the surface of the flange 21 of the mounting member 20 facing in the X1 direction is located on the same imaginary plane VP as the surface of the flange 14a of the frame 14 facing in the X1 direction. Therefore, the second fixing part 42 and the third fixing part 43 are located on the same imaginary plane VP in the natural state. "The natural state of the speaker 1" refers to a state in which no external forces other than gravity are substantially acting on the speaker 1.

The first sealing portion 44 connects the first fixing portion 41 and the second fixing portion 42 around the entire circumference. As a result, the first sealing portion 44 seals the gap between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14. In addition, the first sealing portion 44 has a shape that is convexly curved in the X1 direction when viewed in a cross section cut along a plane including the axis line AX.

The second sealing portion 45 connects the second fixing portion 42 and the third fixing portion 43 around the entire circumference. As a result, the second sealing portion 45 seals the gap between the speaker unit 10 and the mounting member 20. In addition, the second sealing portion 45 has a shape that is convexly curved toward the X1 direction in a cross-sectional view cut along a plane including the axis AX. Here, the radius of curvature of the second sealing portion 45 is smaller than the distance radius of the first sealing portion 44 described above. Note that the magnitude relationship between the radius of curvature of the first sealing portion 44 and the radius of curvature of the second sealing portion 45 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 3 and is arbitrary.

1-1-4. Summary of the first embodiment As described above, the speaker 1 includes the speaker unit 10, the mounting member 20, and the sealing member 40. The speaker unit 10 has the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14. The mounting member 20 is attached to an object of attachment 200. The sealing member 40 has a first sealing portion 44 and a second sealing portion 45. The first sealing portion 44 seals the gap between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14. The second sealing portion 45 seals the gap between the speaker unit 10 and the mounting member 20.

In the speaker 1 as described above, since the sealing member 40 has the first sealing portion 44 and the second sealing portion 45, the number of parts can be reduced while realizing sound quality equal to or better than that of an embodiment in which the edge member that seals between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14 is configured as a separate part from the sealing member 40. As a result, it is possible to achieve both sound quality and low costs for the speaker 1. Note that in the speaker 1, it can be said that the sealing member 40 also serves as the edge member that seals between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14, and that the edge member that seals between the diaphragm 11 and the frame 14 also serves as the sealing member 40.

In this embodiment, as described above, the second sealing portion 45 seals the gap between the frame 14 and the mounting member 20. Therefore, compared to an embodiment in which the second sealing portion 45 seals the gap between the mounting member 20 and a member other than the frame 14 of the speaker unit 10, this has the advantage of reducing the number of parts of the speaker 1 and making it easier to simplify the configuration of the speaker 1.

As described above, the speaker 1 further includes at least one elastic member 30. The elastic member 30 is configured as a separate part from the sealing member 40, and supports the frame 14 relative to the mounting member 20. This allows for greater freedom in designing the speaker 1 compared to a configuration in which the sealing member 40 also serves as an elastic member that supports the frame 14 relative to the mounting member 20. This configuration therefore has the advantage of making it easier to improve the sound quality of the speaker 1.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the elastic member 30 is a leaf spring. Therefore, the installation space for the elastic member 30 can be reduced compared to a configuration in which a coil spring or rubber is used as the elastic member 30. In addition, since it is easy to design an elastic member 30 with a desired spring constant, there is also the advantage that the manufacturing costs of the speaker 1 can be easily reduced.

As mentioned above, the sealing member 40 is made of a rubber material. This has the advantage that it is easier to achieve both high sound quality and low cost for the speaker 1 compared to when the sealing member 40 is made of other materials.

Furthermore, as described above, the sealing member 40 further includes a first fixing portion 41, a second fixing portion 42, and a third fixing portion 43. The first fixing portion 41 is fixed to the diaphragm 11. The second fixing portion 42 is fixed to the frame 14. The third fixing portion 43 is fixed to the mounting member 20. The first sealing portion 44 connects the first fixing portion 41 and the second fixing portion 42. The second sealing portion 45 connects the second fixing portion 42 and the third fixing portion 43. The first sealing portion 44, the second sealing portion 45, the first fixing portion 41, the second fixing portion 42, and the third fixing portion 43 are integrally configured. In such a sealing member 40, the diaphragm 11 is supported by the frame 14 via the first sealing portion 44, so that fluctuations in the vibration characteristics of the diaphragm 11 due to changes in the position of the frame 14 relative to the mounting member 20 are prevented. As a result, the sound quality of the speaker 1 can be improved compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion 42 is omitted.

As described above, the first fixing portion 41 is in close contact with the diaphragm 11 over its entire circumference. The third fixing portion 43 is in close contact with the mounting member 20 over its entire circumference. In a sealing member 40 having such a first fixing portion 41 and third fixing portion 43, the gap between the diaphragm 11 and the mounting member 20 can be sealed by the portion of the sealing member 40 between the first fixing portion 41 and the third fixing portion 43. This prevents the quality of the sound from the front side of the diaphragm 11 from being degraded by the sound of the opposite phase from the back side of the diaphragm 11.

Furthermore, as described above, the second fixing portion 42 is in close contact with the frame 14 over the entire circumference. Therefore, compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion 42 is in close contact with only a portion of the frame 14 in the circumferential direction, the diaphragm 11 is stably supported by the frame 14 via the first sealing portion 44, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker 1.

As described above, the second fixing portion 42 and the third fixing portion 43 are located on the same imaginary plane VP in the natural state. Therefore, when manufacturing the speaker 1, the sealing member 40 can be easily fixed to the frame 14 and the mounting member 20 without using a jig or the like. Therefore, manufacturing of the speaker 1 can be simplified compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion 42 and the third fixing portion 43 are not located on the same imaginary plane in the natural state. As a result, the speaker 1 can be manufactured at a lower cost.

1-2. Second embodiment Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In the following exemplary embodiments, for elements whose actions and functions are similar to those of the first embodiment, the reference numerals used in the description of the first embodiment will be used, and detailed descriptions of each will be omitted as appropriate.

Figure 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a speaker 1A according to the second embodiment. Speaker 1A is configured similarly to speaker 1 of the first embodiment described above, except that it has sealing member 40A instead of sealing member 40. Sealing member 40A is configured similarly to sealing member 40 of the first embodiment, except that the thickness distribution is different.

In the sealing member 40A, the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44 is thicker than the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45. In other words, the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 is thinner than the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44. Therefore, the effect of the spring constant of the second sealing portion 45 on the spring constant of the elastic member 30 can be reduced. As a result, the design of the elastic member 30 becomes easier. The thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44 may be uniform or may vary from the first fixing portion 41 to the second fixing portion 42. Similarly, the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 may be uniform or may vary from the second fixing portion 42 to the third fixing portion 43.

Due to the difference between the thicknesses t4 and t5, the thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42 becomes continuously thinner from the first sealing portion 44 to the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t1 of the first fixing portion 41 is equal to the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44. The thickness t3 of the third fixing portion 43 is equal to the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42 may become thinner in stages from the first sealing portion 44 to the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t1 of the first fixing portion 41 may be different from the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44, and may not be uniform. The thickness t3 of the third fixing portion 43 may be different from the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45, and may not be uniform.

As with the first embodiment, the second embodiment described above also makes it possible to achieve both good sound quality and low cost for the speaker 1A. In this embodiment, as described above, the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44 and the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 are different from each other. Therefore, even if the material constituting the first sealing portion 44 and the material constituting the second sealing portion 45 are the same, the characteristics of the first sealing portion 44 and the second sealing portion 45 can be adjusted according to the thicknesses t4 and t5. Therefore, this configuration has the advantage that it is easy to achieve both good sound quality and low cost for the speaker 1.

Moreover, as described above, the thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42 changes continuously or stepwise from the first sealing portion 44 to the second sealing portion 45. This improves the durability of the sealing member 40A compared to a configuration in which the thickness changes suddenly between the first sealing portion 44 or the second sealing portion 45 and the second fixing portion 42.

1-3. Third embodiment Hereinafter, a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In the following exemplary embodiments, for elements whose actions and functions are similar to those of the first embodiment, the reference numerals used in the descriptions of the first and second embodiments will be used, and detailed descriptions of each will be omitted as appropriate.

Figure 5 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a speaker 1B according to the third embodiment. Speaker 1B is configured similarly to speaker 1 of the first embodiment described above, except that it has sealing member 40B instead of sealing member 40. Sealing member 40B is configured similarly to sealing member 40 of the first embodiment, except that the thickness distribution is different.

In the sealing member 40B, the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44 is thinner than the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45. In other words, the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 is thicker than the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44. This increases the durability of the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44 may be uniform or may vary from the first fixing portion 41 to the second fixing portion 42. Similarly, the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45 may be uniform or may vary from the second fixing portion 42 to the third fixing portion 43.

Due to the difference between the thicknesses t4 and t5, the thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42 becomes continuously thicker from the first sealing portion 44 to the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t1 of the first fixing portion 41 is equal to the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44. The thickness t3 of the third fixing portion 43 is equal to the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t2 of the second fixing portion 42 may become thicker in stages from the first sealing portion 44 to the second sealing portion 45. The thickness t1 of the first fixing portion 41 may be different from the thickness t4 of the first sealing portion 44, and may not be uniform. The thickness t3 of the third fixing portion 43 may be different from the thickness t5 of the second sealing portion 45, and may not be uniform.

As with the first embodiment, the third embodiment described above also makes it possible to achieve both high sound quality and low cost for the speaker 1B. As with the second embodiment, this embodiment also makes it easy to achieve both high sound quality and low cost for the speaker 1, and also increases the durability of the sealing member 40B.

2. Vehicle Door Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of a vehicle door 100. As shown in Fig. 6, the vehicle door 100 includes an outer panel 110, a door trim 120, an inner panel 130, a speaker 1, and a packing 170. The inner panel 130 is an example of an "object to be attached" or a "panel", and corresponds to the above-mentioned object to be attached 200. Note that the vehicle door 100 may include a speaker 1A or a speaker 1B instead of the speaker 1.

The outer panel 110, inner panel 130, and door trim 120 are arranged in this order in the X1 direction. In this manner, the outer panel 110 faces the outside of the vehicle, and the door trim 120 is arranged on the passenger compartment side, with the inner panel 130 arranged between the outer panel 110 and the door trim 120. In the example shown in FIG. 6, a frame 150 for a window glass 140 that can move up and down is provided integrally with the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 130. Note that the frame 150 may be omitted.

Each of the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 130 is made of, for example, a steel plate. The outer peripheral edges of the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 130 are joined to each other by welding or the like. Note that each of the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 130 is not limited to being made of a steel plate, and may be made of, for example, an aluminum alloy or a carbon fiber composite material.

A space is provided between the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 130. This space is used as an enclosure for the speaker 1. Although not shown, for example, a window lifting mechanism for raising and lowering the window glass 140 and a door lock mechanism are disposed in this space.

The inner panel 130 has an opening 131 and a plurality of openings 132. The opening 131 is a hole corresponding to the aforementioned opening 210, and is blocked by the speaker 1. The speaker 1 is fixed to the inner panel 130 by screwing or the like. Each of the plurality of openings 132 is a hole used, for example, for assembling the aforementioned lifting mechanism and door lock mechanism. At least one of the plurality of openings 132 may be blocked by a sheet member made of a resin material or the like.

The door trim 120 is an interior material made of, for example, resin. The door trim 120 has a number of holes 121. The holes 121 are used as paths for emitting sound from the speaker 1 into the space inside the vehicle cabin. Note that instead of the holes 121, a single hole may be provided in the door trim 120. The holes 121 may also be covered with a mesh material such as a saran net.

The door trim 120 is removably attached to the inner panel 130 by a number of connecting members 160. Each connecting member 160 is, for example, a rivet or clip made of resin. Each connecting member 160 has one end that is fixed to the door trim 120 and the other end that is inserted into 133 of the inner panel 130.

A packing 170 is disposed between the door trim 120 and the inner panel 130. The packing 170 is an annular elastic member that fits along the outer periphery of the door trim 120 or the inner panel 130, and seals the gap between the door trim 120 and the inner panel 130 when elastically deformed between them. The packing 170 is made of, for example, a rubber material or an elastomer material. The packing 170 may also be made of a closed-cell foam.

The vehicle door 100 described above includes a speaker 1 and an inner panel 130, which is an example of a panel to which the speaker is attached. The vehicle door 100 described above can inexpensively reduce deterioration in sound quality caused by vibrations of the inner panel 130.

The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications are possible. In addition, the embodiments and modifications may be combined as appropriate.

3-1. Modification 1
In the above-described embodiment, the sealing members 40, 40A, and 40B are configured as separate members from the elastic member 30, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and the sealing members 40, 40A, and 40B may also serve as a part or the whole of the elastic member 30. For this reason, the elastic member 30 may be provided as necessary, or may be omitted.

3-2. Modification 2
In the above embodiment, the second sealing portion 45 seals the gap between the frame 14 and the mounting member 20, but is not limited to this. The second sealing portion 45 only needs to be able to seal the gap between the speaker unit 10 and the mounting member 20, and may be configured to seal the gap between the mounting member 20 and a member attached to the frame 14, for example.

3-3. Modification 3
In the above embodiment, the elastic member 30 is a leaf spring, but is not limited to this. For example, the elastic member 30 may be a spring other than a leaf spring, such as a coil spring, or may be a rubber member.

3-4. Modification 4
In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a configuration in which each of the speaker units 10 is a dynamic type is exemplified, but this is not limited to the above, and the speaker unit of the present disclosure may be of a conversion type such as a capacitor type (electrostatic type), ribbon type, ion type (discharge type), magnetic type, or piezoelectric type.

4. Supplementary Note The above-described exemplary embodiments and modifications may be understood to include the following aspects.

A speaker according to a first embodiment, which is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises a speaker unit having a diaphragm and a frame, a mounting member to be attached to an object to be mounted, and a sealing member having a first sealing portion that seals the gap between the diaphragm and the frame, and a second sealing portion that seals the gap between the speaker unit and the mounting member.

In the above embodiment, since the sealing member has a first sealing portion and a second sealing portion, the number of parts can be reduced while achieving the same or better sound quality compared to an embodiment in which the edge member that seals between the diaphragm and the frame is constructed as a separate part from the sealing member. As a result, it is possible to achieve both sound quality and low costs.

In the second aspect, which is a preferred example of the first aspect, the second sealing portion seals the gap between the frame and the mounting member. This aspect has the advantage that it is easier to simplify the speaker configuration compared to an aspect in which the second sealing portion seals the gap between the mounting member and a member other than the frame of the speaker unit.

In the third aspect, which is a preferred example of the second aspect, at least one elastic member is configured as a separate part from the sealing member and supports the frame against the mounting member. In the above aspect, the speaker can be designed with greater freedom than in a configuration in which the sealing member also serves as a spring member. Therefore, such a configuration has the advantage of making it easier to improve the sound quality of the speaker.

In the fourth aspect, which is a preferred example of the third aspect, the at least one elastic member is a leaf spring. In the above aspect, the installation space for the elastic member can be reduced compared to configurations that use coil springs, rubber, or the like as the elastic member. In addition, since an elastic member with a desired spring constant can be easily designed, there is also the advantage that the manufacturing costs of the speaker can be easily reduced.

In the fifth aspect, which is a preferred example of any of the first to fourth aspects, the sealing member is made of a rubber material. This aspect has the advantage that it is easier to achieve both high sound quality and low cost for the speaker compared to when the sealing member is made of other materials.

In the sixth aspect, which is a preferred example of any one of the first to fifth aspects, the sealing member includes a first fixing portion fixed to the diaphragm, a second fixing portion fixed to the frame, and a third fixing portion fixed to the mounting member, the first sealing portion connects the first fixing portion to the second fixing portion, the second sealing portion connects the second fixing portion to the third fixing portion, and the first sealing portion, the second sealing portion, the first fixing portion, the second fixing portion, and the third fixing portion are integrally configured. In the above aspect, since the diaphragm is supported by the frame via the first sealing portion, fluctuations in the vibration characteristics of the diaphragm due to changes in the position of the frame relative to the mounting member are prevented. As a result, sound quality can be improved compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion is omitted.

In the seventh aspect, which is a preferred example of the sixth aspect, the first fixing portion is in close contact with the diaphragm over its entire circumference, and the third fixing portion is in close contact with the mounting member over its entire circumference. In the above aspect, the gap between the diaphragm and the mounting member can be sealed by the portion of the sealing member between the first fixing portion and the third fixing portion. This prevents the quality of the sound from the front side of the diaphragm from being degraded by the sound of the opposite phase from the back side of the diaphragm.

In the eighth aspect, which is a preferred example of the sixth or seventh aspect, the second fixing portion is in close contact with the frame over the entire circumference. In the above aspect, the diaphragm is stably supported by the frame via the first sealing portion, improving sound quality, compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion is in close contact with only a portion of the frame in the circumferential direction.

In the ninth aspect, which is a preferred example of any of the sixth to eighth aspects, the second fixing portion and the third fixing portion are located on the same imaginary plane in a natural state. In the above aspect, the sealing member can be easily fixed to the frame and the mounting member without using a jig or the like when manufacturing the speaker. Therefore, the manufacturing of the speaker can be simplified compared to a configuration in which the second fixing portion and the third fixing portion are not located on the same imaginary plane in a natural state. As a result, the speaker can be manufactured at a lower cost.

In a tenth aspect, which is a preferred example of any of the first to ninth aspects, the thickness of the first sealing portion and the thickness of the second sealing portion are different from each other. In the above aspects, even if the material constituting the first sealing portion and the material constituting the second sealing portion are the same, the characteristics of the first sealing portion and the second sealing portion can be adjusted according to the respective thicknesses of the first sealing portion and the second sealing portion. Therefore, this configuration has the advantage that it is easy to achieve both sound quality and low cost for the speaker.

In the eleventh aspect, which is a preferred example of the tenth aspect, the thickness of the second fixing portion changes continuously or stepwise from the first sealing portion to the second sealing portion. In the above aspect, the durability of the sealing member can be increased compared to a configuration in which the thickness changes suddenly between the first sealing portion or the second sealing portion and the second fixing portion.

A vehicle door according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the twelfth embodiment, includes a speaker according to any of the above embodiments and a panel that is the object to which the speaker is to be attached. In the thirteenth embodiment described above, a vehicle door that reduces deterioration in sound quality due to vibration of the panel can be provided at low cost.

1...speaker, 1A...speaker, 1B...speaker, 10...speaker unit, 11...diaphragm, 12...voice coil, 12a...bobbin, 12b...coil, 13...magnetic circuit, 13a...permanent magnet, 13b...yoke, 14...frame, 14a...flange, 14b...back plate, 14c...hole, 14d...mounting surface, 15...damper, 20...mounting member, 21...flange, 22...flange, 22a...screw hole, 23...protrusion, 24...mounting surface, 30...elastic member, 40...sealing member, 40A...sealing member, 40B...sealing member, 41...first fixing portion, 42...second Fixing portion, 43...third fixing portion, 44...first sealing portion, 45...second sealing portion, 50...stopper, 51...projection portion, 61...cushion material, 62...cushion material, 100...vehicle door, 110...outer panel, 120...door trim, 121...hole, 130...inner panel, 131...opening, 132...opening, 140...window glass, 150...frame, 160...connecting member, 170...packing, 200...attachment object, 210...opening, AX...axis, S1...space, S2...space, VP...imaginary plane, t1...thickness, t2...thickness, t3...thickness, t4...thickness, t5...thickness.

Claims (12)

a speaker unit having a diaphragm and a frame;
A mounting member that is attached to the mounting object;
a sealing member having a first sealing portion that seals a gap between the diaphragm and the frame, and a second sealing portion that seals a gap between the speaker unit and the mounting member;
speaker. The second sealing portion seals a gap between the frame and the mounting member.
2. The loudspeaker of claim 1. and at least one elastic member configured as a separate part from the sealing member and supporting the frame against the mounting member.
3. The loudspeaker of claim 2. The at least one elastic member is a leaf spring.
4. The loudspeaker according to claim 3. The sealing member is made of a rubber material.
2. The loudspeaker of claim 1. The sealing member is
A first fixing portion fixed to the diaphragm;
A second fixing portion fixed to the frame;
A third fixing portion fixed to the mounting member,
the first sealing portion connects the first fixed portion and the second fixed portion,
the second sealing portion connects the second fixing portion and the third fixing portion,
The first sealing portion, the second sealing portion, the first fixing portion, the second fixing portion, and the third fixing portion are integrally formed.
2. The loudspeaker of claim 1. the first fixing portion is in close contact with the diaphragm over an entire periphery,
The third fixing portion is in close contact with the mounting member over the entire periphery.
7. The speaker according to claim 6. The second fixing portion is in close contact with the frame over the entire periphery.
8. A speaker according to claim 7. The second fixing portion and the third fixing portion are located on the same virtual plane in a natural state.
7. The speaker according to claim 6. The thickness of the first sealing portion and the thickness of the second sealing portion are different from each other.
7. The speaker according to claim 6. The thickness of the second fixing portion changes continuously or stepwise from the first sealing portion to the second sealing portion.
11. The loudspeaker of claim 10. A loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 11;
The panel is the mounting object.
Vehicle door.

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