JP7282863B1 - switching mechanism and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A switching mechanism capable of switching a connection destination of a route with a simple configuration, and a vehicle equipped with the switching mechanism.
SOLUTION: A switching mechanism according to one embodiment includes a main body having an accommodating portion and a plurality of connecting portions connected to the accommodating portion; , wherein the plurality of connecting portions includes a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, a third connecting portion, and a fourth connecting portion; and the plurality of paths includes a first path; It has a second route, a third route, and a fourth route. In the accommodating portion, the rotating body rotates between a first position and a second position different from the first position, and at the first position, the first path extends between the first connecting portion and the first connecting portion. 2 connecting portions, the second path connects the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion, and at the second position, the third path connects the first connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion. and the fourth path connects the second connection portion and the third connection portion.
[Selection drawing] Fig. 4

Description

The present invention relates to a switching mechanism and a vehicle.

When a plurality of routes are provided, it may be desired to form a route according to the situation by appropriately switching the connection destinations of those routes. Paths include, for example, flow paths for fluids such as liquids and gases, wiring, train tracks, and the like.

Patent Literature 1 discloses a vehicle ventilator. A vehicle ventilation system consists of an air supply/exhaust blower that takes in fresh air from outside the vehicle or expels dirty air from inside the vehicle, a flow path switching valve that is installed at the entrance and exit of the blower, and a natural exhaust system that uses the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle. Alternatively, it is characterized by comprising a communication duct for natural intake, a throttle valve for adjusting the air volume of the communication duct, and a control device for detecting the pressure outside the vehicle and controlling the operation of the flow path switching valve and the throttle valve. It is something to do. The vehicle ventilator switches the flow paths using flow path switching valves provided at the inlet and outlet of the blower.

JP-A-5-77726

Even with the vehicle ventilation system disclosed in Patent Literature 1, there is still room for improvement in switching the connection destination of the route. For example, a vehicle ventilation system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is provided with a plurality of flow path switching valves. Providing a plurality of flow path switching valves complicates and enlarges the device itself. Therefore, in the limited space of the vehicle, there are cases where installation is difficult due to restrictions on other equipment (accommodation room, air blowing means, etc.) arranged inside the vehicle.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching mechanism capable of switching a connection destination of a route with a simple configuration, and a vehicle provided with the switching mechanism.

A switching mechanism according to one embodiment includes a main body having an accommodating portion and a plurality of connecting portions connected to the accommodating portion, and a rotating body having a plurality of paths and provided in the accommodating portion, The plurality of connecting portions include a first connecting portion, a second connecting portion, a third connecting portion, and a fourth connecting portion, and the plurality of paths include the first path and the second path. , a third path, and a fourth path.

In the accommodating portion, the rotating body rotates between a first position and a second position different from the first position, and at the first position, the first path extends between the first connecting portion and the first connecting portion. 2 connecting portions, the second path connects the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion, and at the second position, the third path connects the first connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion. and the fourth path connects the second connection portion and the third connection portion.

The plurality of paths may be formed inside the rotating body and may be independent of each other. The main body has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface centered on an axis, the accommodating portion is surrounded by the inner peripheral surface, and the rotating body is formed in a cylindrical shape and faces the inner peripheral surface. It may have an outer peripheral surface and be rotatably provided in the accommodating portion along the inner peripheral surface around the axis, and the plurality of paths may each penetrate the outer peripheral surface.

At least one of the plurality of paths may include a curvilinear portion. The first and second paths may include curved portions, and the third and fourth paths may not include curved portions. The first route and the second route may pass between the third route and the fourth route.

A vehicle according to one embodiment has a vehicle body, a first communication port, a storage chamber provided in the vehicle body, and a second communication port, provided in the vehicle body and connected to the outside of the vehicle body. An air blower provided on the vehicle body, which has a relay portion, a suction port for taking in air, and a discharge port for discharging air, and connection destinations of the first communication port and the second communication port. and the switching mechanism capable of switching between the suction port and the discharge port.

The switching mechanism connects the first communication port and the discharge port and connects the second communication port and the suction port, whereby the pressure in the storage chamber becomes higher than the pressure of the outside air, and the switching mechanism By connecting the second communication port and the discharge port and connecting the first communication port and the suction port, the pressure in the storage chamber becomes lower than the pressure of the outside air.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the vehicle provided with the switching mechanism which can switch the connection destination of a path|route with a simple structure, and a switching mechanism can be provided.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a vehicle according to one embodiment. 2 is a schematic side view of the containment room and equipment room shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the containment room and equipment room shown in FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a switching valve according to one embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a switching valve according to one embodiment. 6 is a schematic side view of the rotor shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the rotor shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining switching of connection destinations of paths by switching valves. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining switching of connection destinations of paths by switching valves. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of the switching valve. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the switching valve. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of the switching valve.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment. As an example of the switching mechanism, a switching valve for switching a connection destination of a flow path of fluid such as liquid and gas, and a vehicle including the switching valve will be described. A channel is an example of a route, and includes, for example, wiring, train tracks, and the like.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a vehicle 100 according to this embodiment. In this embodiment, an example of the vehicle 100 is a fire fighting vehicle that is an emergency vehicle. Emergency vehicles include ambulance vehicles and special disaster countermeasure vehicles.

A vehicle 100 includes a vehicle body 11 and a plurality of (for example, four) wheels 20 . The vehicle body 11 has a frame, a cabin 12 provided with a driver's seat, and a vehicle body body 13 connected to the rear of the cabin 12 .

Furthermore, the vehicle 100 includes an accommodation room 14 and a materials and equipment room 15 . The accommodation room 14 and the equipment room 15 are provided in the vehicle body 13 . The accommodation room 14 and the equipment room 15 are arranged in this order from the cabin 12 side. A partition 16 such as a door is provided between the accommodation room 14 and the equipment room 15 .

The pressure inside the housing chamber 14 is set to positive pressure and negative pressure by an air blower or the like, which will be described later. The storage chamber 14 has a first communication port 17 connected to the materials and equipment chamber 15 . Vehicle 100 further includes an air blower 30 , a relay section 40 , and a switching valve 50 . The blower 30 , the relay section 40 , and the switching valve 50 are provided in the equipment room 15 .

The blower 30 includes a blower mechanism 31 having a fan, an air cleaning mechanism 32 having a filter for cleaning air, an intake port 33 for taking in air, an outlet port 34 for discharging air, have. The suction port 33 and the discharge port 34 are connected to switching valves 50, respectively.

In addition to the suction port 33 and the discharge port 34, the blower device 30 may have a discharge port for discharging dust and the like, a discharge hose, and the like. The blower device 30 is, for example, a positive pressure device, a negative pressure device, a ventilation unit, or the like.

The relay part 40 is connected to the outside of the vehicle body 11 and exchanges air with the outside of the vehicle body 11 . The relay section 40 has an external connection port 41 and a second communication port 42 . The external connection port 41 is provided, for example, on any one of the upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surface of the equipment room 15 .

The relay portion 40 is connected to the outside of the vehicle body 11 through an external connection port 41 and to the inside of the materials and equipment compartment 15 through a second communication port 42 . The first communication port 17 and the second communication port 42 are connected to switching valves 50, respectively. Hereinafter, the air outside the vehicle body 11 may be referred to as "outside air".

Next, the case where the pressure of the storage chamber 14 is made higher than the pressure of the outside air (when the storage chamber is a positive pressure chamber) and the case where the pressure of the storage chamber 14 is made lower than the pressure of the outside air (when the storage chamber is made a negative pressure chamber) will be described. do. The differential pressure between the pressure in the accommodation chamber 14 and the pressure of the outside air can be set within a range of ±0 to 800 Pa by the blower 30, for example.

2 and 3 are schematic side views of storage room 14 and material room 15 shown in FIG. As an example, FIG. 2 shows the state in which the blower 30 sucks air from the relay portion 40, and FIG. From FIG. 2 onward, the flow of the fluid may be indicated by arrows.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the storage chamber 14 has a ventilation port 141 for ventilating the room and a regulating valve 142 for adjusting the pressure in the room. The vent 141 and regulating valve 142 are provided, for example, in the partition 16, but may be provided at other locations.

The ventilation port 141 is connected to the relay section 40 via a ventilation hose 143 . The ventilation port 141 is provided with a ventilation fan, a door, and the like (not shown). When using the storage room 14, the ventilation opening 141 is closed, for example, by a door.

The adjustment valve 142 is connected to the relay section 40 via a valve hose 144 . For example, the adjustment valve 142 opens when the pressure in the room reaches or exceeds a preset pressure, and the air in the room is discharged to the relay section 40 . The regulating valve 142 suppresses excessive pressure fluctuations in the chamber.

The switching valve 50 has a main body 60, a rotating body (shown in FIGS. 4 and 5), which will be described later, and an operation section 70 for operating the rotating body. The body 60 has a first port 61 , a second port 62 , a third port 63 and a fourth port 64 . As an example, the first port 61 corresponds to the first connection, the second port 62 corresponds to the second connection, the third port 63 corresponds to the third connection, and the fourth port 64 corresponds to the fourth connection. equivalent to the department.

The operation unit 70 is, for example, a handle provided on a rotating body, and can be manually operated. The operator can switch the rotating body between the first position and the second position different from the first position by using the operation unit 70 .

At the first position, the first port 61 and the second port 62 communicate, and the third port 63 and the fourth port 64 communicate. At the second position, the first port 61 and the fourth port 64 communicate, and the second port 62 and the third port 63 communicate. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the rotating body of the switching valve 50 is positioned at the first position, and in the example shown in FIG. 3, the rotating body of the switching valve 50 is positioned at the second position.

The switching valve 50 is connected to the housing chamber 14, the blower device 30, and the relay section 40 via a plurality of hoses. The plurality of hoses includes a hose 91, a hose 92, a hose 93, and a hose 94. Each of the hoses 91-94 may be a single hose or may be composed of a plurality of hoses.

The diameter of the hoses 91-94 is, for example, 150A or less, and an example is 100A. Hoses 91 to 94 are examples of piping connected to switching valve 50 . The hoses 91-94 may be configured by, for example, ducts.

In the example shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the first port 61 is connected to the suction port 33 via the hose 91 . The second port 62 is connected to the second communication port 42 via a hose 92 . The third port 63 is connected to the outlet 34 via a hose 93 . The fourth port 64 is connected to the first communication port 17 via a hose 94 .

In this case, the suction port 33 is connected to the second communication port 42 and the discharge port 34 is connected to the first communication port 17 at the first position, and the suction port 33 is connected to the first communication port 17 at the second position. The discharge port 34 is connected with the second communication port 42 . That is, the switching valve 50 can switch the connection destinations of the first communication port 17 and the second communication port 42 between the suction port 33 and the discharge port 34 .

A case where the storage chamber 14 is a positive pressure chamber will be described with reference to FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 2 , the switching valve 50 connects the second communication port 42 and the suction port 33 and connects the first communication port 17 and the discharge port 34 .

First, the air that has flowed into the relay portion 40 from the external connection port 41 flows from the second communication port 42 through the hose 92 into the switching valve 50 from the second port 62 . The air that has flowed into the switching valve 50 flows out from the first port 61 . The outflowing air is sucked into the blower device 30 from the suction port 33 via the hose 91 .

Air sucked into the blower 30 is cleaned by the air cleaning mechanism 32 . The cleaned air flows from the discharge port 34 to the switching valve 50 through the hose 93 and the third port 63 .

The air that has flowed into the switching valve 50 flows out from the fourth port 64 . The outflowing air is sent from the first communication port 17 to the storage chamber 14 via the hose 94 . The storage chamber 14 is pressurized by sending the air from the relay portion 40 to the storage chamber 14, and the pressure in the storage chamber 14 becomes higher than the pressure of the outside air.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a case where the storage chamber 14 is used as a negative pressure chamber will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 3 , the switching valve 50 connects the first communication port 17 and the suction port 33 and connects the second communication port 42 and the discharge port 34 .

First, the air in the accommodation chamber 14 flows from the first communication port 17 to the switching valve 50 through the hose 94 and the fourth port 64 . The air that has flowed into the switching valve 50 flows out from the first port 61 . The outflowing air is sucked into the blower device 30 from the suction port 33 via the hose 91 .

Air sucked into the blower 30 is cleaned by the air cleaning mechanism 32 . The cleaned air flows from the discharge port 34 to the switching valve 50 through the hose 93 and the third port 63 .

The air that has flowed into the switching valve 50 flows out from the second port 62 . The outflowing air is sent from the second communication port 42 to the relay portion 40 via the hose 92 . When the air is sent to the relay portion 40 , it flows out of the vehicle body 11 through the external connection port 41 . By sending the air from the storage chamber 14 to the relay section 40 , the pressure in the storage chamber 14 is reduced, and the pressure in the storage chamber 14 becomes lower than the pressure of the outside air.

4 and 5 are schematic exploded perspective views of the switching valve 50 according to this embodiment. 6 and 7 are schematic side views of the rotor 80 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. An example of a configuration that can be applied to the switching valve 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. 4, the rotating body 80 is positioned at the first position, and in FIG. 5, the rotating body 80 is positioned at the second position.

As described above, the switching valve has the main body 60, the rotating body 80, and the operating portion 70. As shown in FIG. Each member constituting the switching valve 50 is made of a metal material such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel or a non-metal material such as resin. The rotating body 80 is positioned coaxially with the axis AX of the main body 60 .

In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the main body 60 is formed in a cylindrical shape centered on the axis AX. Body 60 has an outer peripheral surface 67 and an inner peripheral surface 68 . Here, a direction along the axis AX is defined as an axial direction Dx, and a circumferential direction θ around the axis AX is defined.

The outer peripheral surface 67 and the inner peripheral surface 68 have a uniform diameter in the axial direction Dx. The main body 60 further has a housing portion 69 surrounded by an inner peripheral surface 68 . The ports 61 to 64 described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are formed in the main body 60 and connected to the accommodating portion 69. As shown in FIG.

Since the ports 61 to 64 pass through the outer peripheral surface 67 and the inner peripheral surface 68, respectively, the accommodating portion 69 communicates with the outside of the main body 60 in the direction away from the axis AX. The ports 61-64 are circular, for example.

The first port 61 and the third port 63 are arranged in the axial direction Dx, and the second port 62 and the fourth port 64 are arranged in the axial direction Dx. The first port 61 faces the fourth port 64 and the second port 62 faces the third port 63 . In the axial direction Dx, the first port 61 is at the same position from the fourth port 64 and one end of the main body 60 , and the second port 62 is at the same position from the third port 63 and one end of the main body 60 .

More specifically, the first port 61 is coaxial with the fourth port 64 and the second port 62 is coaxial with the third port 63 . Let the axis of the first port 61 and the fourth port 64 be the axis X61, and let the axis of the second port 62 and the third port 63 be the axis X62. Axis X61 extends parallel to axis X62 as an example. The axis X61 and the axis X62 intersect the axis AX and, as an example, are perpendicular to each other.

Other routes can be connected to the ports 61-64 from the outside. 4 and 5, the first port 61 is connected to the first pipe 96, the second port 62 is connected to the second pipe 97, the third port 63 is connected to the third pipe 98, A fourth pipe 99 is connected to the fourth port 64 .

Hoses 91-94 described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 are connected to ports 61-64 via pipes 96-99, respectively. As an example, the ends of the tubes 96-99 are provided with connectors (not shown) for connecting the hoses 91-94. The first tube 96 and the fourth tube 99 extend in opposite directions along the axis X61, and the second tube 97 and the third tube 98 extend in opposite directions along the axis X62.

The rotating body 80 is integrally formed by three-dimensional modeling using, for example, a 3D printer. The rotating body 80 is rotatably provided in the housing portion 69 . More specifically, the rotating body 80 is rotated 90 degrees in the circumferential direction θ along the inner peripheral surface 68 about the axis AX by the operating portion 70 . Thereby, the rotating body 80 can be switched between the first position and the second position. The rotation direction and angle of the rotating body 80 are not limited to this example.

In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating body 80 is formed in a cylindrical shape centered on the axis AX. The rotor 80 has an outer peripheral surface 81 facing the inner peripheral surface 68 . The outer peripheral surface 81 has a uniform diameter in the axial direction Dx.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rotating body 80 has multiple paths. A plurality of paths respectively penetrate the outer peripheral surface 81 . A plurality of paths are formed inside the rotating body 80 . The multiple routes include a first route P1, a second route P2, a third route P3, and a fourth route P4.

The first path P1 has openings P1a and P1b at both ends. The second path P2 has openings P2a and P2b at both ends. The third path P3 has openings P3a and P3b at both ends. The fourth path P4 has openings P4a and P4b at both ends.

The opening P1a and the opening P2a are arranged in the axial direction Dx, and the opening P1b and the opening P2b are arranged in the axial direction Dx. The openings P3a and P4a are aligned in the axial direction Dx, and the openings P3b and P3b are aligned in the axial direction Dx.

The opening P1a faces the opening P2b, and the opening P3a faces the opening P3b. The opening P1b faces the opening P2a, and the opening P4a faces the opening P4b. In the axial direction Dx, the openings P1a, P2b, P3a and P3b are located at the same position from one end of the rotating body 80, and the openings P1b, P2a, P4a and P4b are located at the same position from one end of the rotating body 80.

The opening P1a is coaxial with the opening P2b, and the opening P3a is coaxial with the opening P3b. The opening P1b is coaxial with the opening P2a, and the opening P4a is coaxial with the opening P4b.

Each of the multiple paths P1 to P4 is independent. Here, “independent” means that each path is not connected to other paths inside the rotating body 80 . From another point of view, each path connects openings at both ends.

A first path P1 extends along line XP1, a second path P2 extends along line XP2, a third path P3 extends along line XP3, and a fourth path P4 extends along line XP4. Paths P1-P4 extend with a uniform diameter around lines XP1-XP4.

6 shows the rotor 80 from the openings P1a and P2a, and FIG. 7 shows the rotor 80 from the openings P3a and P4a. At least one of the plurality of paths P1-P4 includes a curved portion. More specifically, in the examples shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the first path P1 and the second path P2 include curved portions, and the third path P3 and the fourth path P4 include curved portions. not present.

From another point of view, the lines XP1 and XP2 of the first path P1 and the second path P2 include curved portions, and the lines XP3 and XP4 of the third path P3 and the fourth path P4 are straight and curved. Does not contain parts.

The lines XP1 and XP2 of the first path P1 and the second path P2 may include straight line portions. In the example shown in FIG. 6, the lines XP1, XP2 do not intersect the axis AX. Line XP3 extends parallel to line XP4 as an example. Lines XP3 and XP4 intersect the axis AX and are, as an example, orthogonal.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the first route P1 and the second route P2 pass between the third route P3 and the fourth route P4. From another point of view, lines XP1 and XP2 pass between lines XP3 and XP4.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the first position, the opening P1a is aligned with the first port 61 in the axial direction Dx, and the opening P1b is aligned with the second port 62 in the axial direction Dx. The opening P2a coincides with the third port 63 in the axial direction Dx, and the opening P2b coincides with the fourth port 64 in the axial direction Dx.

Therefore, the first path P1 can connect the first port 61 and the second port 62 , and the second path P2 can connect the third port 63 and the fourth port 64 . In the first position, lines XP3, XP4 are orthogonal to axis AX.

As shown in FIG. 5, at the second position, the opening P3a is aligned with the first port 61 in the axial direction Dx, and the opening P3b is aligned with the fourth port 64 in the axial direction Dx. The opening P4a coincides with the third port 63 in the axial direction Dx, and the opening P4b coincides with the second port 62 in the axial direction Dx.

Therefore, the third path P3 can connect the first port 61 and the fourth port 64, and the fourth path P4 can connect the second port 62 and the third port 63. FIG. In the second position, line XP3 lies on axis X61 and line XP4 lies on axis X62.

In FIG. 4, the air flow of the switching valve 50 when the rotating body 80 is in the first position will be described.
First, air flows into the second port 62 from the second pipe 97 via the hose 92 connected to the relay portion 40 . Air flowing in from the second port 62 reaches the first port 61 via the first path P1. The air reaching the first port 61 is sucked into the blower device 30 via the hose 91 connected to the first pipe 96 .

Air discharged from the blower 30 flows into the third port 63 through the third pipe 98 to which the hose 93 is connected. Air flowing in from the third port 63 reaches the fourth port 64 via the second path P2. The air reaching the fourth port 64 is sent to the storage chamber 14 via the hose 94 connected to the fourth pipe 99 .

Next, referring to FIG. 5, the air flow of the switching valve 50 when the rotor 80 is in the second position will be described. First, air flows into the fourth port 64 from the fourth pipe 99 via the hose 94 connected to the housing chamber 14 . Air flowing in from the fourth port 64 reaches the first port 61 via the third path P3. The air reaching the first port 61 is sucked into the blower device 30 via the hose 91 connected to the first pipe 96 .

Air discharged from the blower 30 flows into the third port 63 through the third pipe 98 to which the hose 93 is connected. The air that has flowed in from the third port 63 reaches the second port 62 via the fourth path P4. The air reaching the second port 62 is sent to the relay section 40 via the hose 92 connected to the second pipe 97 .

In the switching valve 50, for example, the space between the inner peripheral surface 68 of the main body 60 and the outer peripheral surface 81 of the rotor 80 is sealed to prevent fluid leakage. As an example, a seal structure composed of an annular groove 82 and an O-ring R is formed on the outer peripheral surface 81 of the rotating body 80 .

In the example shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, three grooves 82 are formed on the outer peripheral surface 81 of the rotating body 80 . The O-rings R are mounted in the three grooves 82 respectively. The number of grooves 82 and O-rings R is not limited to three, and may be four or more. The groove 82 may be formed in the inner peripheral surface 68 of the main body 60 instead of the outer peripheral surface 81 of the rotor 80 . The sealing material is not limited to the O-ring R, and may be another sealing material. The sealing material is appropriately selected according to the type of fluid flowing through the channel.

Next, switching of the connection destination of the path in the switching valve 50 will be described. 8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining the switching of the path connection destination by the switching valve 50. FIG. 8 and 9 schematically show the structure of the switching valve 50. FIG. Four flow paths are connected to the switching valve 50 .

8, the rotating body 80 is positioned at the first position, and in FIG. 9, the rotating body 80 is positioned at the second position. 8 and 9, the suction port 33 of the blower 30 is connected to the first port 61, and the discharge port 34 of the blower 30 is connected to the third port 63, although not shown.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the first position, the switching valve 50 has a first path P1 connecting the first port 61 and the second port 62, and a second path P2 connecting the third port 63 and the fourth port 64. are connected.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the second position, the switching valve 50 has a third path P3 connecting the first port 61 and the fourth port 64, and a fourth path P4 connecting the second port 62 and the third port 63. are connected.

Since the rotating body 80 has the four paths P1 to P4 as described above, by rotating the rotating body 80, the connection destinations of the first port 61 and the third port 63 are changed to the second port 62 and the fourth port 64. can be switched between That is, the connection destination of the flow path connected to the first port 61 and the third port 63 can be switched between the second port 62 and the fourth port 64 .

The airflow of the blower 30 is unidirectional from the suction port 33 to the discharge port 34 . When the blower device 30 is connected to the switching valve 50 as in the present embodiment, by switching the connection destinations of the suction port 33 and the discharge port 34 of the blower device 30 via the switching valve 50, the air flow can be changed. can be changed.

In the first position, the second port 62 is upstream of the blower 30 and the fourth port 64 is downstream of the blower 30, while in the second position the fourth port 64 is upstream of the blower 30. The second port 62 is on the downstream side of the blower 30 . By providing the switching valve 50, the flow direction of the flow path connected to the second port 62 and the fourth port 64 is switched to the opposite direction.

With the switching valve 50 of this embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to switch the connection destination of the path with a simple configuration. More specifically, by switching the position of the rotating body 80 provided in the accommodating portion 69 between the first position and the second position, the first port 61 and the third port 63 are connected to the second port. 62 and the fourth port 64 can be switched.

As a result, with respect to the flow path connected to the first port 61 and the flow path connected to the third port 63, the flow path connected to the second port 62 and the flow path connected to the fourth port 64 By switching the connection destination between, it is possible to form a flow path according to the situation.

Furthermore, the paths P1 to P4 are formed inside the rotating body 80. As shown in FIG. Therefore, the number of pipes connected to the main body 60 can be reduced, and the main body 60 can be formed with a simple structure. By reducing the number of pipes connected to the main body 60, the pressure loss of the switching valve 50 can be suppressed.

By reducing the number of pipes connected to the main body 60, the switching valve 50 can be made compact, and the switching valve 50 can be installed in a narrow space such as a vehicle body. Furthermore, the manufacturing cost of the switching valve 50 can be suppressed by reducing the number of parts constituting the switching valve 50 and reducing the assembly man-hours.

Since the paths P1 to P4 are independent from each other, they do not mix with the fluids of other paths inside the rotating body 80 . By forming the paths P1 to P4 as in this embodiment, a plurality of paths can be made independent inside the rotating body 80 .

By forming the third path P3 and the fourth path P4 so as not to include curved portions, the third path P3 and the fourth path P4 can be made as short as possible. By passing the first path P1 and the second path P2 between the third path P3 and the fourth path P4, the first path P1 and the second path P2 can be shortened as much as possible. By shortening the paths P1 to P4 as much as possible, the pressure loss of the switching valve 50 can be suppressed.

By connecting one switching valve 50 to the blower device 30 as in the present embodiment, connection destinations of the suction port 33 and the discharge port 34 of the blower device 30 can be arbitrarily switched via the switching valve 50 . Therefore, by providing one air blower 30 for one vehicle 100, it is possible to provide the accommodation room 14 that serves both as a positive pressure room and a negative pressure room.

When the storage chamber 14 is used as a negative pressure chamber, it is preferable to use the third path P3 and the fourth path P4 that are formed linearly for the rotating body 80 . Compared to the case where the path includes a curved portion, the pressure loss of the switching valve 50 can be suppressed, the air can be easily flowed toward the relay portion 40, and the pressure in the storage chamber 14 can be set to a negative pressure. easier.

If the accommodation room 14 can be used as both a positive pressure room and a negative pressure room, the pressure in the accommodation room 14 can be appropriately changed according to the site of dispatch when the vehicle 100 is dispatched. For example, when the surroundings of the vehicle 100 are polluted, the safety of rescue workers can be ensured by making the containment room 14 a positive pressure room.

If the rescuer is suffering from a disaster such as poisonous gas or infectious disease, the containment room 14 can be made into a negative pressure room to transport the rescuer without scattering the contaminated air outside. can be done.

For example, assume a vehicle that includes a vehicle body, a storage chamber having a first communication port, and an air blower having an inlet and an outlet. The first communication port is connected to either one of the suction port and the discharge port. By further providing the switching valve 50 and the hoses 91 to 94 as described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 to such a vehicle, the connecting destination of the first communication port can can be switched between

Thereby, it is possible to create a state in which the pressure in the storage chamber is higher than the pressure in the outside air and a state in which the pressure in the storage chamber is lower than the pressure in the outside air. For example, in the case of a vehicle with a positive pressure chamber, the positive pressure chamber can be used as a negative pressure chamber, and in the case of a vehicle with a negative pressure chamber, the negative pressure chamber can be used as a positive pressure chamber. Since there is no need to add a new air blower, it is possible to reduce the cost of remodeling and manufacture a vehicle equipped with a storage chamber that serves both as a positive pressure chamber and a negative pressure chamber.

The air blower 30 has an air cleaning mechanism 32 . When the outside air is polluted, the polluted air is cleaned by the air cleaning mechanism 32 and then sent to the accommodation room 14 by the air blower 30, so that the accommodation room 14 is less likely to be contaminated.

When the air in the accommodation room 14 is polluted, the polluted air is cleaned by the air cleaning mechanism 32 and then sent to the relay unit 40 by the air blower 30 . Not easy to flow.

According to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide the switching valve 50 capable of switching the connection destination of the path with a simple configuration, and the vehicle 100 including the switching valve 50 . In addition to those described above, the present embodiment provides various favorable effects.

As described above, the embodiments are presented as examples, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the configurations disclosed in the embodiments. This embodiment can be implemented in various other forms. This embodiment and modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

The configuration of the switching valve 50 according to the present embodiment described above is merely an example. Modifications of the switching valve 50 are shown below. 10 to 12 are diagrams showing other examples of the switching valve 50. FIG. 10 to 12 schematically show the structure of the switching valve 50. FIG. In a modified example, six flow paths are connected to the switching valve 50 .

A body 60 of the switching valve 50 has six ports 61-66. The rotating body 80 has nine paths P1 to P9. The rotary body 80 can be switched between a first position, a second position and a third position, which are different from each other, by means of the operating part 70 . The rotating body 80 can be switched between the first position, the second position, and the third position by rotating by 60 degrees in the circumferential direction θ about the axis AX by the operating portion 70 .

For example, the second position can be switched by rotating the rotor 80 clockwise by 60 degrees with respect to the first position. The third position can be switched by rotating the rotating body 80 counterclockwise by 60 degrees with respect to the first position. In FIG. 10, the rotating body 80 is located at the first position, in FIG. 11 the rotating body 80 is located at the second position, and in FIG. 12 the rotating body 80 is located at the third position.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the first position, the switching valve 50 has a first path P1 connecting the first port 61 and the second port 62, and a second path P2 connecting the third port 63 and the fourth port 64. , and the third path P3 connects the fifth port 65 and the sixth port 66 .

As shown in FIG. 11, in the second position, the switching valve 50 has a fourth path P4 connecting the first port 61 and the second port 62, and a fifth path P5 connecting the third port 63 and the sixth port 66. , and a sixth path P6 connects the fifth port 65 and the fourth port 64 .

By switching between the first position and the second position, the connection destinations of the third port 63 and the fifth port 65 are switched between the fourth port 64 and the sixth port 66, and the connection destination of the first port 61 is It has not switched from the second port 62 .

As shown in FIG. 12, in the third position, the switching valve 50 has a seventh path P7 connecting the first port 61 and the fourth port 64, and an eighth path P8 connecting the third port 63 and the sixth port 66. , and a ninth path P9 connects the fifth port 65 and the second port 62 .

By switching between the first position and the third position, the connection destinations of the first port 61, the third port 63 and the fifth port 65 are changed between the second port 62, the fourth port 64 and the sixth port 66. is switched.

That is, the connection destinations of the channels connected to the first port 61, the third port 63, and the fifth port 65 can be switched among the second port 62, the fourth port 64, and the sixth port 66. can.

The combination of connection destinations of the ports 61 to 66 at each position described above is merely an example, and the connection destinations can be changed as appropriate. As described above, by changing the position of the rotator 80, all of the connection destinations of the plurality of ports may be switched, or only some of them may be switched. The number of ports that the main body 60 has and the number of paths that the rotating body 80 has are not limited to the above examples, and may be greater. Each path is independent, regardless of the number of paths.

Vehicle 100 may include elements other than the elements shown in FIG. The vehicle 100 may comprise an output device, for example a communication unit for transmitting the pressure of the containment chamber 14 to other devices or the like. It should be noted that other spaces may be formed in the body body 13 in addition to the accommodation room 14 and the material/equipment room 15 .

The lines XP1 and XP2 of the first path P1 and the second path P2 may be, for example, curved shapes formed of a plurality of linear portions. Note that the operation unit 70 may be configured to be driven by other driving means such as electricity. The operation unit 70 may be configured to be remotely operable from outside the vehicle 100, for example.

Although the first port 61 and the third port 63, and the second port 62 and the fourth port 64 are arranged in the axial direction Dx, they may be arranged in the circumferential direction θ. Depending on the positions of the ports 61-64, the shapes of the paths P1-P4 of the rotating body 80 are changed as appropriate.

Since the paths P1 to P4 are formed inside the rotating body 80, the shape of the rotating body 80 may be other shapes such as a sphere instead of a cylindrical shape. The shape of the housing portion 69 is appropriately changed according to the shape of the rotating body 80 .

Although an example in which switching valve 50 is provided in vehicle 100 has been disclosed, a structure similar to switching valve 50 can be applied to other uses. For example, it can be applied to a fire extinguishing system and switching of piping lines in a fire extinguishing system.

When a plurality of piping lines are formed at a fire extinguishing site or the like, by providing a plurality of switching valves 50, connection destinations of a plurality of paths can be appropriately switched according to the situation to form a desired piping line. Furthermore, the switching valve 50 can also be applied to other fields (for example, the medical field, etc.) that require switching of connection destinations of flow paths.

Although the switching valve 50 has been disclosed as an example of a switching mechanism that can be applied to a fluid flow path, it can also be applied to switching connection destinations of a plurality of paths other than the flow path. For example, by applying a switching mechanism to an electric circuit, it is possible to switch the electrical connection destination of each device. In this case, the wiring corresponds to the route. As another example, by applying a switching mechanism to train tracks, it is possible to switch the destination of trains running on the tracks. In this case, the track corresponds to the route.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100... Vehicle, 11... Vehicle body, 14... Accommodating chamber, 17... 1st communication port, 30... Air blower, 33... Suction port, 34... Discharge port, 40... Relay part, 42... 2nd communication port, 50... Switching Valve (switching mechanism) 60 Main body 69 Accommodating portion 61 to 64 Port (connecting portion) 80 Rotating body P1 to P4 Path.

Claims (9)

a main body having an inner peripheral surface, an accommodating portion surrounded by the inner peripheral surface , and a plurality of connecting portions connected to the accommodating portion;
A rotating body having an outer peripheral surface facing the inner peripheral surface and a plurality of paths penetrating the outer peripheral surface and provided in the housing portion so as to be rotatable along the inner peripheral surface ,
the plurality of connection portions have a first connection portion, a second connection portion, a third connection portion, and a fourth connection portion;
The plurality of routes has a first route, a second route, a third route, and a fourth route,
The first path, the second path, the third path, and the fourth path are formed inside the rotating body,
The first path has a pair of first openings on the outer peripheral surface,
The second path has a pair of second openings on the outer peripheral surface,
The third path has a pair of third openings on the outer peripheral surface,
The fourth path has a pair of fourth openings on the outer peripheral surface,
In the accommodation portion, the rotating body rotates between a first position and a second position different from the first position,
At the first position, the first path connects the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion by the pair of first openings matching the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. , the second path connects the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion by matching the pair of second openings with the third connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion;
At the second position, the third path connects the first connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion by the pair of third openings matching the first connecting portion and the fourth connecting portion. , the fourth path connects the second connection portion and the third connection portion by the pair of fourth openings matching the second connection portion and the third connection portion;
switching mechanism. The plurality of paths are independent inside the rotating body,
A switching mechanism according to claim 1. The inner peripheral surface is formed in a cylindrical shape centered on the axis ,
The rotating body is formed in a cylindrical shape and is rotatable along the inner peripheral surface about the axis .
3. A switching mechanism according to claim 1 or 2. at least one of the plurality of paths includes a curvilinear portion;
A switching mechanism according to claim 3. The first path and the second path include curved portions,
the third path and the fourth path do not include curved portions;
5. A switching mechanism according to claim 4. the first route and the second route pass between the third route and the fourth route;
A switching mechanism according to claim 5. a vehicle body;
a storage chamber having a first communication port and provided in the vehicle body;
a relay portion having a second communication port and provided in the vehicle body and connected to the outside of the vehicle body;
an air blower provided on the vehicle body, the air blower having a suction port for taking in air and a discharge port for discharging air;
a switching mechanism capable of switching connection destinations of the first communication port and the second communication port between the suction port and the discharge port;
The switching mechanism includes a main body having an accommodating portion and a plurality of connecting portions connected to the accommodating portion, and a rotating body having a plurality of paths and provided in the accommodating portion,
the plurality of connection portions have a first connection portion, a second connection portion, a third connection portion, and a fourth connection portion;
The plurality of routes has a first route, a second route, a third route, and a fourth route,
In the accommodation portion, the rotating body rotates between a first position and a second position different from the first position,
When the switching mechanism is in the first position, the first path connects the first connection portion and the second connection portion, and the second path connects the third connection portion and the fourth connection portion. , at the second position, the third path connects the first connection portion and the fourth connection portion; the fourth path connects the second connection portion and the third connection portion;
The switching mechanism connects the first communication port and the discharge port and connects the second communication port and the suction port, whereby the pressure in the storage chamber becomes higher than the pressure of the outside air,
The switching mechanism connects the second communication port and the discharge port and connects the first communication port and the suction port, whereby the pressure in the storage chamber becomes lower than the pressure of the outside air.
vehicle. The plurality of paths are formed inside the rotating body and are independent of each other,
Vehicle according to claim 7. The main body has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface centered on the axis,
The accommodating portion is surrounded by the inner peripheral surface,
The rotating body is formed in a columnar shape, has an outer peripheral surface facing the inner peripheral surface, and is provided in the accommodating portion so as to be rotatable along the inner peripheral surface about the axis,
The plurality of paths each penetrate the outer peripheral surface,
A vehicle according to claim 7 or 8.

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