JP7182609B2 - 駆動系潤滑剤用窒素官能化オレフィンポリマー - Google Patents
駆動系潤滑剤用窒素官能化オレフィンポリマー Download PDFInfo
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- JP7182609B2 JP7182609B2 JP2020508573A JP2020508573A JP7182609B2 JP 7182609 B2 JP7182609 B2 JP 7182609B2 JP 2020508573 A JP2020508573 A JP 2020508573A JP 2020508573 A JP2020508573 A JP 2020508573A JP 7182609 B2 JP7182609 B2 JP 7182609B2
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- lubricant
- amine
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- oil
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 98
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 title claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- -1 heterocyclic amine Chemical class 0.000 claims description 87
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholinopropylamine Chemical compound NCCCN1CCOCC1 UIKUBYKUYUSRSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminopropylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCN IUNMPGNGSSIWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- DDRCIGNRLHTTIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-amino-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(NC(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1OC DDRCIGNRLHTTIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical group O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KYCGURZGBKFEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dibutylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCN KYCGURZGBKFEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OMKZWUPRGQMQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNCCCN OMKZWUPRGQMQJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylethylamine Chemical group CCN(C)C DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TYQTYRXEMJXFJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorothious acid Chemical compound OP(O)S TYQTYRXEMJXFJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YHYKLKNNBYLTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-diphenylhydrazine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 YHYKLKNNBYLTQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RQEUFEKYXDPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylethylamine Chemical group CC(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 RQEUFEKYXDPUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-imidazol-1-ylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound NCCCN1C=CN=C1 KDHWOCLBMVSZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminosalicylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004909 aminosalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051881 anilide analgesics and antipyretics Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003931 anilides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YYDRGFLMTPZACP-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-en-1-amine;urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O.NCCC=C YYDRGFLMTPZACP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950006098 orthocaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 61
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 30
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 30
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 13
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 8
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 8
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 8
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
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- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1O CQRYARSYNCAZFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XMIAFAKRAAMSGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-5-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=N1 XMIAFAKRAAMSGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITTJVBYLJKMXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(thiadiazol-4-yl)thiohydroxylamine Chemical class NSC1=CSN=N1 ITTJVBYLJKMXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002135 sulfadimidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ASWVTGNCAZCNNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamethazine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=NC(NS(=O)(=O)C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=N1 ASWVTGNCAZCNNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenemolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=S PTISTKLWEJDJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001911 terphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 JZALLXAUNPOCEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUWHXIJMTMMRTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazol-4-amine Chemical class NC1=CSN=N1 CUWHXIJMTMMRTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium borate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] WUUHFRRPHJEEKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- USEBTXRETYRZKO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;n,n-dioctylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCCCCCC USEBTXRETYRZKO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
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- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group
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- C10M149/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group
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- C10M149/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
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- C10M149/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M149/12—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M149/14—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds a condensation reaction being involved
- C10M149/18—Polyamides
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- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/022—Ethene
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- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/024—Propene
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- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
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- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
- C10M2215/226—Morpholines
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- C10M2215/24—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant Compositions having hydrocarbon substituents containing thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. nitrogen derivatives of substituted succinic acid
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
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- C10N2020/04—Molecular weight; Molecular weight distribution
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- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
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- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10N2030/42—Phosphor free or low phosphor content compositions
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Description
PCT公開第WO2017/105747号(2017年6月22日)は、内燃機関で使用するための窒素官能化オレフィンポリマーを開示している。該窒素官能化オレフィンポリマーは、芳香族アミンとのカルボキシル官能基性でグラフトされている。
開示された技術の1つの成分は、潤滑粘度の油である。そのような油には、天然油および合成油、水素化分解、水素化、および水素化仕上に由来する油、未精製油、精製油、および再精製油、ならびにそれらの混合物が含まれる。
別の成分は、分散剤粘度調整剤と呼ばれることもある粘度調整剤である。これは、グラフトされたカルボン酸(または等価物の)官能基性を有するオレフィンポリマーが、単一の一級アミノ基を有し得るモノアミンまたはポリアミンと反応した、無灰分縮合反応生成物であるグラフトコポリマーである。オレフィンポリマーがエチレン/プロピレンコポリマーである場合、前記ポリアミンはポリ(エチレンアミン)ではない。この材料は、分散剤粘度調整剤と呼ばれる場合がある。これは、オレフィンポリマーが粘度調整剤の性能を付与し、反応したアミンが分散剤性能を付与し得る窒素またはその他の極性官能基性を提供することができるためである。酸化生成物を制御するための駆動系装置の潤滑には、様々な分散剤粘度調整剤が使用されてきた。
潤滑粘度の油は、一般に、他の特性の中でも、適切な粘度(動粘度と高温高せん断粘度の両方)と粘度指数を提供するように選択される。最新の駆動系潤滑剤は、低温および高温の両方で適切な粘度を提供する粘度指数向上剤を含むマルチグレード潤滑剤であり、つまり、上記のグラフトコポリマー(窒素官能基性を含む)以外の粘度調整剤、つまり補助粘度調整剤を含有する。粘度調整剤は基油の一部とみなされる場合があるが、より適切には別個の成分とみなされ、その選択は当業者の能力の範囲内である。
潤滑剤組成物には、耐摩耗添加剤も含まれる。耐摩耗添加剤には、例えば、チオリン酸塩、リン酸塩、チオ亜リン酸塩、亜リン酸塩、ピロリン酸塩、ポリ亜リン酸塩、またはそれらの混合物が含まれ得る。
分散剤
潤滑剤組成物中に任意に存在してもよい別の材料は分散剤である。分散剤は潤滑油の分野でよく知られており、主に無灰分散剤および高分子分散剤として知られているものが含まれる。無灰分散剤は、供給時に金属を含まないため、潤滑油に添加しても通常は硫酸灰分に寄与しないため、そのように呼称される。ただし、金属含有種を含むものが潤滑剤に添加されると、それらはもちろん周囲の金属と相互作用する可能性がある。無灰分散剤は、比較的高分子量の炭化水素鎖に結合した極性基によって特徴付けられる。典型的な無灰分散剤には、N-置換長鎖アルケニルコハク酸イミドが含まれ、それらは典型的な下記化学構造を含む種々の化学構造を有する。
存在する場合、DMTD化合物の量は、特定の化合物の同一性に部分的に依存して、組成物の0.01~5重量パーセント、例えば0.01~1パーセント、または0.02~0.4、または0.03~0.1重量パーセントであってよい。あるいは、DMTDが窒素含有分散剤と反応する場合、同じ活性DMTD化学特性を付与するために、組み合わせた生成物の総重量が著しく高くなる可能性があり、例えば、0.1~5重量パーセント、または0.2~2または0.3~1または0.4~0.6重量パーセントである。
本明細書に記載の潤滑剤配合物は、アルカリ土類金属清浄剤を任意に含有してもよく、これは任意に過塩基性であってもよい。過塩基性の洗浄剤は、過塩基性塩または超塩基性塩とも呼ばれる。それらは一般に、金属および洗浄剤アニオンの化学量論による中和のために存在するであろうものを超える金属含有量を有する均一なニュートン系である。過剰な金属の量は、通常、金属比、つまり、金属の総当量と酸性有機化合物の当量の比で表される。過塩基性物質は、酸性物質(二酸化炭素など)を酸性有機化合物、不活性反応媒体(例、鉱油)、化学量論的に過剰な金属塩基、およびフェノールやアルコールなどの促進剤とを反応させることで調製できる。酸性有機材料は、通常、油への可溶性を提供するのに十分な数の炭素原子を有する。
本発明の実施形態の例として、以下の項目が挙げられる。
(項目1)
駆動系システム用の潤滑剤組成物であって、
(a)100℃において約2~約10cStの動粘度を有する潤滑粘度の油と、
(b)約1000~約10,000、または約1250~約9500、または約1500~約9000、または約1750~約8500、または約2000~約8000、または約2500~約7500のポリスチレン標準を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(「GPC」)で測定した数平均分子量(「Mn」)を有し、ポリマー主鎖上にグラフトされたカルボン酸官能基性またはその反応性等価物を含むオレフィンポリマーと、アミンとの油溶性無灰分縮合反応生成物であるグラフトコポリマーを含み、ただし、前記オレフィンポリマーがエチレン/プロピレンコポリマーである場合には、前記アミンは脂肪族アミン、複素環アミン、または芳香族アミンのうちの1種である、少なくとも1種の粘度調整剤と、
(c)少なくとも1種の油溶性リン含有の耐摩耗剤と、を含む潤滑剤組成物。
(項目2)
前記グラフトコポリマーが、SAE J306に準拠した70W~250、または75W~190、または80Wもしくは85W~140の所望の動粘度を潤滑組成物に提供する量で存在する、項目1に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目3)
前記グラフトコポリマーが、前記組成物の約0.01~約60重量パーセント、または約0.1~約55、約1~約50、約2~約45、約3~約40、約4~約35、約5~約30重量パーセントで存在する、項目1または2に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目4)
前記グラフトコポリマーが、グラフトされた無水コハク酸官能基性を有するエチレン/プロピレンコポリマー主鎖を含む、項目1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目5)
前記アミン成分が一級アミンを含む、項目1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目6)
前記アミン成分が脂肪族アミン、複素環アミン、芳香族アミン、またはそれらの混合物である、項目1~5のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目7)
前記アミンが、N,N-ジメチルエチルアミン、3-(ジメチルアミノ)-1-プロピルアミン、3-(ジエチルアミノ)プロピルアミン、3-(ジブチルアミノ)プロピルアミン、O-(2-アミノプロピル)-O’-(2-メトキシエチル)ポリプロピレングリコール、N,N-ジメチルジプロピレントリアミン、3-モルホリノプロピルアミン、アミノエチルエチレン尿素、またはそれらの混合物から選択される非芳香族アミンである、項目6に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目8)
前記アミンが、α-メチルベンジルアミン、4-アミノサリチル酸、1-(3-アミノプロピル)イミダゾール、アミノジフェニルアミン、N-(4-アミノ-2,5-ジメトキシ-フェニル)-ベンズアミド、4-アミノベンズアニリド、3-ニトロアナリン、またはそれらの混合物から選択される芳香族アミンである、項目6に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目9)
前記アミン成分が3-モルホリノプロピルアミンを含む、項目6に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目10)
前記アミン成分が芳香族アミンを実質的に含まない、項目1~9のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目11)
前記(b)のグラフトオレフィンポリマーが、約0.1~10、または0.2~9、または0.3~8、または0.4~7重量パーセント、または0.5~6重量パーセントの窒素含有量を有する、項目1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目12)
前記潤滑剤が自動車ギア用であり、約100~約40,000ppm、または約200~約30,000ppm、または約300~約25,000ppmの硫黄含有量を有する、項目1~11のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目13)
前記潤滑剤が手動または自動化手動変速機用であり、約300~約5000ppm、または約500~約4000ppm、または約1000~約3000ppmの硫黄含有量を有する、項目12に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目14)
前記潤滑剤が車軸流体用であり、約5000~約40,000ppm、または約10,000~約30,000ppm、または約12,000~約25,000ppmの硫黄含有量を有する、項目12または13に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目15)
前記耐摩耗剤が、(チオ)ホスフェート、ホスフェート、(チオ)ホスファイト、ホスファイト、ピロホスフェート、ポリホスファイト、またはそれらの混合物を含む、項目1~14のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目16)
前記組成物が、前記組成物の約0.05~約10重量パーセント、または約0.5~10重量%、または約1~約7重量%、または約2~約6重量%、または0~0.5重量%または0.05~0.2重量%の極圧剤をさらに含む、項目1~15のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
(項目17)
前記潤滑剤が自動車用ギア用であり、前記組成物の約200ppm~約3000ppm、または約450ppm~約2000ppm、または約500ppm~約1800ppmのリン含有量を有する、項目1~16のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目18)
前記潤滑剤が手動または自動手動変速機用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約1500ppm、または約450ppm~約1250ppm、または約500~約1000ppmのリン含有量を有する、項目17に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目19)
前記潤滑剤が車軸流体用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約3000ppm、または約500ppm~約2000ppm、または約1000~約1800ppmのリン含有量を有する、項目18に記載の潤滑剤。
(項目20)
項目1~19のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物を駆動系システムに供給することにより駆動系システムを潤滑する方法。
(項目21)
前記駆動系システムが、ギア、車軸、駆動シャフト、ギアボックス、手動もしくは自動手動変速機、または差動装置のうちの少なくとも1つから選択される、項目20に記載の方法。
Claims (17)
- 駆動系システム用の潤滑剤組成物であって、
(a)100℃において約2~約10cStの動粘度を有する潤滑粘度の油と、
(b)前記組成物の3~50重量%の少なくとも1種の粘度調整剤であって、約1000~約10,000のポリスチレン標準を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(「GPC」)で測定した数平均分子量(「Mn」)を有し、ポリマー主鎖上にグラフトされたカルボン酸官能基性またはその反応性等価物を含むオレフィンポリマーと、アミンとの油溶性無灰分縮合反応生成物であるグラフトコポリマーを含み、ただし、前記オレフィンポリマーがエチレン/プロピレンコポリマーである場合には、前記アミンは脂肪族アミン、複素環アミン、または芳香族アミンのうちの1種である、少なくとも1種の粘度調整剤と、
(c)少なくとも1種の油溶性リン含有の耐摩耗剤と、を含み、
ここで、前記耐摩耗剤が、(チオ)ホスフェート、ホスフェート、(チオ)ホスファイト、ホスファイト、ピロホスフェート、ポリホスファイト、またはそれらの混合物を含み、
ここで、
(1)前記潤滑剤は自動車ギア用であり、約100~約40,000ppmの硫黄含有量、および約200ppm~約3000ppmのリン含有量を有する、
(2)前記潤滑剤は手動または自動化手動変速機用であり、約300~約5000ppmの硫黄含有量を有する、
(3)前記潤滑剤は手動または自動化手動変速機用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約1500ppmのリン含有量を有する、
(4)前記潤滑剤は車軸流体用であり、約5000~約40,000ppmの硫黄含有量を有する、または
(5)前記潤滑剤は車軸流体用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約3000ppmのリン含有量を有する、そして
ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、
潤滑剤組成物。 - 前記グラフトコポリマーが、SAE J306に準拠した70W~250の所望の動粘度を潤滑組成物に提供する量で存在する、請求項1に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記グラフトコポリマーが、グラフトされた無水コハク酸官能基性を有するエチレン/プロピレンコポリマー主鎖を含む、請求項1~2のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記アミン成分が一級アミンを含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記アミン成分が、脂肪族アミン、複素環アミン、芳香族アミン、またはそれらの混合物である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記アミンが、N,N-ジメチルエチルアミン、3-(ジメチルアミノ)-1-プロピルアミン、3-(ジエチルアミノ)プロピルアミン、3-(ジブチルアミノ)プロピルアミン、O-(2-アミノプロピル)-O’-(2-メトキシエチル)ポリプロピレングリコール、N,N-ジメチルジプロピレントリアミン、3-モルホリノプロピルアミン、アミノエチルエチレン尿素、またはそれらの混合物から選択される非芳香族アミンである、請求項5に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記アミンが、α-メチルベンジルアミン、4-アミノサリチル酸、1-(3-アミノプロピル)イミダゾール、アミノジフェニルアミン、N-(4-アミノ-2,5-ジメトキシ-フェニル)-ベンズアミド、4-アミノベンズアニリド、3-ニトロアナリン、またはそれらの混合物から選択される芳香族アミンである、請求項5に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記アミン成分が3-モルホリノプロピルアミンを含む、請求項5に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記アミン成分が芳香族アミンを実質的に含まない、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記(b)のグラフトオレフィンポリマーが約0.1~10重量パーセントの窒素含有量を有し、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記潤滑剤が手動または自動化手動変速機用であり、約300~約5000ppmの硫黄含有量を有し、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記潤滑剤が車軸流体用であり、約5000~約40,000ppmの硫黄含有量を有し、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤。
- 前記組成物が、前記組成物の約0.05~約10重量パーセントの極圧剤をさらに含み、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記潤滑剤が手動または自動化手動変速機用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約1500ppmのリン含有量を有し、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 前記潤滑剤が車軸流体用であり、前記組成物の約400ppm~約3000ppmのリン含有量を有し、ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
- 請求項1~15のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑剤組成物を駆動系システムに供給することにより駆動系システムを潤滑する方法。
- 潤滑剤組成物を駆動系システムに供給することにより駆動系システムを潤滑する方法であって、前記潤滑剤組成物が、
(a)100℃において約2~約10cStの動粘度を有する潤滑粘度の油と、
(b)前記組成物の3~50重量%の少なくとも1種の粘度調整剤であって、約1000~約10,000のポリスチレン標準を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(「GPC」)で測定した数平均分子量(「Mn」)を有し、ポリマー主鎖上にグラフトされたカルボン酸官能基性またはその反応性等価物を含むオレフィンポリマーと、アミンとの油溶性無灰分縮合反応生成物であるグラフトコポリマーを含み、ただし、前記オレフィンポリマーがエチレン/プロピレンコポリマーである場合には、前記アミンは脂肪族アミン、複素環アミン、または芳香族アミンのうちの1種である、少なくとも1種の粘度調整剤と、
(c)少なくとも1種の油溶性リン含有の耐摩耗剤と、
を含み、
ここで、前記耐摩耗剤が、(チオ)ホスフェート、ホスフェート、(チオ)ホスファイト、ホスファイト、ピロホスフェート、ポリホスファイト、またはそれらの混合物を含み、
前記駆動系システムが、ギア、車軸、駆動シャフト、ギアボックス、手動もしくは自動化手動変速機、または差動装置のうちの少なくとも1つから選択され、そして
ここで、「約」は、所定の量の値が表示値の±20%以内であることを意味する、
方法。
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