JP7150474B2 - 高分子化合物を含有する電荷制御剤及びトナー - Google Patents
高分子化合物を含有する電荷制御剤及びトナー Download PDFInfo
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- JP7150474B2 JP7150474B2 JP2018098899A JP2018098899A JP7150474B2 JP 7150474 B2 JP7150474 B2 JP 7150474B2 JP 2018098899 A JP2018098899 A JP 2018098899A JP 2018098899 A JP2018098899 A JP 2018098899A JP 7150474 B2 JP7150474 B2 JP 7150474B2
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- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione Chemical class C1=CN=C2C(=O)C(=O)N=C21 FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003872 salicylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonylurea Chemical group OC(=N)N=S(=O)=O YROXIXLRRCOBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical class S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001018 xanthene dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001060 yellow colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09758—Organic compounds comprising a heterocyclic ring
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09733—Organic compounds
- G03G9/09775—Organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen or oxygen
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
2価のアルコール成分としては、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3-ブタンジオール、1,4-ブタンジオール、2,3-ブタンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、1,6-へキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、2-エチル-1,3-ヘキサンジオール、水素化ビスフェノールA、またはビスフェノールAにエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシドなどの環状エーテルが重合して得られるジオールなどがあげられる。
(1)試料は予め結着樹脂(重合体成分)以外の添加物を除去して使用するか、結着樹脂および架橋された結着樹脂以外の成分の酸価および含有量を予め求めておく。試料の粉砕品0.5~2.0gを精秤し、重合体成分の重さをWgとする。例えば、トナーから結着樹脂の酸価を測定する場合は、着色剤または磁性体などの酸価および含有量を別途測定しておき、計算により結着樹脂の酸価を求める。
(2)300(ml)のビーカーに試料を入れ、トルエン/エタノール(体積比4/1)の混合液150(ml)を加え溶解する。
(3)0.1mol/LのKOHのエタノール溶液を用いて、電位差滴定装置を用いて滴定する。
(4)この時のKOH溶液の使用量をS(ml)とし、同時にブランクを測定し、この時のKOH溶液の使用量をB(ml)とし、以下の式(1)で算出する。ただしfはKOH濃度のファクターである。
酸価(mgKOH/g)=[(S-B)×f×5.61]/W (1)
使用例としては、2種以上の異なるワックスの融点の差が10℃~100℃のものの組み合わせや、ポリオレフィンとグラフト変性ポリオレフィンの組み合わせなどがあげられる。
500mlコルベンに無水マレイン酸 23.06g(0.235mol)を量りとり、アセトンを100ml加え、室温・窒素雰囲気下で撹拌し溶解させた。50mlのアセトンで溶解させた4-クロロアニリン 25.00g( 0.196mol)を滴下ロートよりゆっくり滴下した。室温で2.5時間反応させた後、反応液を氷水1Lに注加し、黄色の析出物を確認後、氷が解けるまで撹拌した。吸引濾過を行い、濾物を終夜60℃で減圧乾燥を行い、中間体43.69gを98.8%の収率で得た。
500mlコルベンに無水マレイン酸 11.34g(0.116mol)を量りとり、アセトンを200ml加え、室温・窒素雰囲気下で撹拌し溶解させた。o-トルイジン(オルトートルイジン) 10.30g( 0.0962mol)を滴下ロートよりゆっくり滴下した。室温で4時間反応させた後、反応液を氷水500mLに注加し、淡黄色の析出物を確認後、氷が解けるまで撹拌した。吸引濾過を行い、濾物を終夜70℃で減圧乾燥を行い、中間体14.51gを73.5%の収率で得た。
合成例2のo-トルイジンをo-メチル-p-クロロアニリンに変えた以外は同様の操作を行い、11.85g淡黄色固体、収率85.4%で得た。
500mlコルベンにトルエンを200ml入れ、脱気及び窒素置換を2時間行った。合成例1で得た例示化合物1を32.35g( 0.156mol)、スチレンを16.23g( 0.156mol)、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(AIBN)を0.42g( 1.93mmol)を入れ撹拌、窒素下で80℃に加温し、4時間反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液をメタノール3Lに少しずつ注加し、白色固体を析出させた。吸引濾過を行い、濾物を終夜60℃で減圧乾燥を行い、46.11g白色固体、収率94.6%で得た。
300mlコルベンにトルエンを100ml入れ、脱気及び窒素置換を2時間行った。合成例2で得た例示化合物2を12.00g( 0.0641mol)、スチレンを6.68g( 0.0641mol)、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(AIBN)を0.11g( 0.641mmol)を入れ撹拌、窒素下で80℃に加温し、4時間反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液をメタノール2Lに少しずつ注加し、白色固体を析出させた。吸引濾過を行い、濾物を終夜70℃で減圧乾燥を行い、15.92g白色固体、収率85.2%で得た。
300mlコルベンにトルエンを80ml入れ、脱気及び窒素置換を2時間行った。合成例3で得た例示化合物3を11.85g( 0.0535mol)、スチレンを6.68g( 0.0535mol)、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(AIBN)を0.16g( 0.932)mmol)を入れ撹拌、窒素下で80℃に加温し、4時間反応を行った。反応終了後、反応液をメタノール1Lに少しずつ注加し、白色固体を析出させた。吸引濾過を行い、濾物を終夜60℃で減圧乾燥を行い、14.47g白色固体、収率82.6%で得た。
ブローオフ帯電量測定機(TB-200型、東芝ケミカル社製)を用いて、上記合成した高分子化合物である電荷制御剤またはトナーを帯電させた後、各環境における初期帯電量及び飽和帯電量(帯電時間30分)の測定を行った。 ブローオフ帯電量測定条件は以下である。
現像剤量:0.2000g±0.005g、
ブロー時間:60秒、
N2ブロー圧:0.2kgf/cm2(シリコンコートF96-150)、
T/C=4%、
ボールミル回転数:110rpm。
[電荷制御剤である化合物単独での帯電量測定]
合成例4で得られた高分子化合物(例示化合物No.4)を、シリコンコート系のフェライトキャリア(パウダーテック株式会社製、F96-150)100部に対して0.5部の割合で混合して振とうし、合成例4で得られた化合物を帯電させる。帯電させた後、ブローオフ帯電量測定機(東芝ケミカル社製、TB-200型)を用いて、温度25℃、湿度50%の雰囲気下(NN環境下)における飽和帯電量の測定を行った。また、ノンコートキャリア((パウダーテック株式会社製、F-150)についても同様の測定を行った。帯電量測定結果を表1に示す。
ポリエステル系樹脂(三菱レイヨン株式会社製、商品名FC-316、酸価9mgKOH/g)91部、合成例4で合成した高分子化合物(例示化合物No.4)1部、カーボンブラック(三菱化学株式会社製、商品名MA-100)5部および低分子量ポリプロピレン(三洋化成株式会社製、商品名ビスコール550P)3部を130℃の加熱混合装置(2軸押出混練機)によって溶融混合した。冷却した混合物をハンマーミルで粗粉砕した後、ジェットミルで微粉砕し、分級して体積平均粒径9±0.5μmの非磁性トナーを得た。
実施例1と同じ方法で、合成例5または合成例6で得られた高分子化合物(例示化合物No.5または例示化合物No.6)単独での飽和帯電量測定を行った、結果を表1に示す。
比較するため、下記構造式の高分子化合物である比較化合物1を合成した。
比較のために、市販の電荷制御剤(T-77:有色アゾ錯体、保土谷化学工業株式会社製)を比較化合物として、実施例1と同様な方法で電荷制御剤である化合物単独での飽和帯電性及び疑似トナーの飽和帯電性を測定した。それらの結果を表1に示す。
比較のために、市販の電荷制御剤(TN-105:白色サリチル酸錯体、保土谷化学工業株式会社製)を比較化合物として、実施例1と同様な方法で電荷制御剤である化合物単独での飽和帯電性及び疑似トナーの飽和帯電性を測定した。それらの結果を表1に示す。
Claims (5)
- 前記一般式(1)で表される化合物の含有量が、0.1ないし80モル%であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高分子化合物を有効成分とする電荷制御剤。
- 前記高分子化合物の重量平均分子量(Mw)が、1000ないし100000の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の高分子化合物を有効成分とする電荷制御剤。
- 前記アルケニル基含有化合物が、スチレン、スチレン誘導体、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、ビニルエーテル誘導体から選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1~請求項3に記載の高分子化合物を有効成分とする電荷制御剤。
- 請求項1~4に記載の高分子化合物を有効成分とする電荷制御剤と着色剤および結着樹脂を含有することを特徴とするトナー。
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