JP6978825B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

In the present invention, the rated rotation speed of the wind power generator is maintained by the rotational force of the motor connected to the spindle of the wind turbine, and the increase / decrease / change of the torque of the spindle caused by the wind force received by the rotor is made constant by the automatic adjustment of the extraction current amount. The present invention relates to a wind power generator that maintains a rated rotation speed and obtains a stable voltage output.

In a wind power generator, the voltage and current fluctuate due to changes in wind speed, making it difficult to supply stable electric power.
In addition, wind power generators generally have a large mechanical loss, are difficult to rotate at low wind speeds, and have low rotational efficiency. There are also problems such as wind noise and low frequencies. A wind turbine that does not generate noise is proposed in Patent Document 1.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-204801

The wind turbine described in Patent Document 1 has excellent rotation efficiency and generates less noise. Strong winds are required for high-speed rotation, but strong winds do not blow continuously. However, the higher the wind speed, the higher the rotation speed of the wind turbine, the wider the difference from the amount of power generation at low wind speed, and the larger the fluctuation of voltage and current, so it is difficult to continuously obtain stable power. there were.
In the present invention, the spindle is rotated at the rated rotation speed by the electric motor to maintain the rated voltage in the wind power generator, and the torque of the spindle is increased or decreased by the lift of the lift type rotor blade as the rotor of the wind turbine rotates. This is to provide a wind power generator in which the amount of take-out current is automatically adjusted to be constant to obtain a stable voltage.

The specific contents of the present invention are as follows.

(1) The spindle of a wind turbine equipped with a lift-type blade having an inclined portion whose wing tip is inclined in the direction of the spindle is directly connected to the spindle of the generator, and an electric motor separate from the generator is attached to the spindle. and transmission means provided on the output shaft of the speed reducer of the electric motor, the transmission means provided in the main shaft, through the linkage means comprising automatic controllable clutch controlled by an automatic controller of the on-off operation The spindles are rotatably linked to each other.
An automatic switch that can be switched by an automatic controller equipped with an automatic wind speed detector is arranged between the motor and the storage battery to control the drive / stop of the motor, and between the storage battery and the generator. A controller that automatically adjusts the amount of current taken out from the generator in response to changes in the load of the motor is provided.
The motor is set to the same rotation speed as the rated rotation speed of the spindle, and the spindle is rotated at the rated rotation speed by the motor regardless of the height of the wind speed in a state where the lift type blade is rotated by wind power. together when so as to maintain the power of the rated voltage by said generator,
The plus speed of wind, when a certain high-speed wind causes rotation speed of change of the main shaft exceeds the rated rotational speed of the spindle is the automatic wind detector detects the
By the automatic controller, said actuates off automatic switch to an electric motor so as to stop the motor, large on the generator increases the more current extraction amount of the output side of the generator to the action of the controller A load is applied to stop the spindle,
When the automatic wind speed detector detects that the wind speed has dropped below a certain level, the load on the generator is released by the action of the controller, and the automatic controller turns on the automatic switch of the motor to turn on the main shaft. and while rotating to maintain the rated speed, the decrease the current extraction of the output side of the generator by the controller, the wind turbine generator comprising as to maintain the output of the rated voltage.

(2) In a state where the lift type blade is constantly rotated by the motor and the wind force, the spindle is rotated at the rated rotation speed by the motor, and power generation at the rated voltage is maintained by the generator.
The automatic adjustment of the amount of current taken out from the generator by the action of the controller that automatically adjusts the amount of current taken out from the generator in response to the increase / decrease of the load applied to the motor is performed by the generator by the low wind speed. power generation amount is reduced, when the controller that the load on the motor is increased detects, the extraction amount of current from the pre-Symbol generator decreases by the action of the controller, power generation by the generator by a high wind speed the amount is increased, when the load applied is reduced before Symbol motor is set so as to increase size of the extraction amount of current from the generator by the action of the controller, a stable rated voltage from the generator The wind power generator according to (1) above , which is designed to obtain an output.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.

In the wind power generator according to (1) above, the rated rotation speed of the generator is maintained by the electric motor regardless of the slow speed of the wind speed, and a constant voltage can be constantly taken out.
Therefore, if the high-speed wind continues, the lift generated by the rotation of the lift-type blade is increased by adding to the rotation speed of the motor, and the rotation speed of the wind turbine and the amount of power generation increase, so that the amount of electric power taken out is constant. If so, the load on the motor will be reduced.
Further, when the wind speed becomes low and the lift of the lift type blade decreases, the rotation speed of the wind turbine decreases. Therefore, unless the amount of power generation is reduced, the load applied to the electric motor increases.
Therefore, if an increase or decrease in the load of the motor is detected and the amount of power taken out by the controller is reduced, the load applied to the motor is reduced. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the spindle changes, the load of the motor is automatically adjusted. By keeping the rated rotation speed of the spindle constant, a stable voltage can be obtained with less power consumption of a small motor.
For example, when a fly wheel is rotated by an electric motor, energy is lost due to rotational resistance, but when a wind turbine equipped with a lift-type blade is rotated by an electric motor, the lift force inevitably generated by the lift-type blade is the rotational force of the wind turbine. Is produced, and an additional energy is obtained.

In the wind power generator described in (2) above, in a state where the main shaft is rotated by the motor and the power generation of the rated voltage is maintained by the motor, the wind speed becomes low and the lift of the lift type blade decreases, and the motor When the load increases, the amount of take-out current is reduced, and when the load is reduced, the amount of take-out current is increased to automatically adjust the load of the motor so that the load is kept constant. The rotation speed is maintained at the rated rotation speed, and a stable voltage output can be obtained even if the current fluctuates.

It is a front view of Example 1 of the wind power generation apparatus of this invention. It is a vertical sectional side view of the main part of Example 2 of the wind power generation apparatus of this invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view across the line III-III of the lift type blade in FIG. 2.

Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the wind power generator 1 includes a generator 2 and a wind turbine 3. The hub 5A of the vertical axis rotor 5 is fixed to the upper end of the vertical spindle 4 erected on the generator 2, and the vertical lift type blade 6 (to the tip of a plurality of horizontal support arms 5B supported by the hub 5A) ( (Hereafter simply referred to as a blade) is attached.

The lower end of the spindle 4 is linked to the motor 7 via arbitrary transmission means 8A and 8B. That is, the transmission means 8B provided on the output shaft 7C of the speed reducer 7A provided on the electric motor 7 and the transmission means 8A provided on the spindle 4 are linked via an appropriate linking means 8C. An automatically controlled clutch is also used for the linking means 8C, if necessary. The electric motor 7 has, for example, a rated output of 100 w, and a speed reducer 7A having a rated rotation speed of, for example, 300 rpm is incorporated therein.

When electric power is supplied from the outside via the cord 7D and the automatic switch 7B is remotely operated to activate the electric motor 7, the windmill 3 with no load is easily rotated at high speed by the electric motor 7 having a large torque, and the generator is generated. 2 generates the amount of power generated by this rotation.

A controller 9 and a storage battery 10 are connected to the output code 2A of the generator 2. The above wind power generator 1 is installed in a place with good wind conditions, and the main shaft 4 of the generator 2 supporting the wind turbine 3 is rotated at a rated rotation speed by being driven by an electric motor 7.

Since the rotation speed of a general electric motor is 2500 rpm to 3000 rpm, if this is decelerated to, for example, 300 rpm and the wind turbine 3 is rotated, a large torque acts, so even if the wind turbine 3 is large, it is easy. Can be rotated.

If a high-speed wind blows with a change in wind speed, the lift of the lift-type blade 6 becomes large, the spindle 4 rotates with wind power, and the amount of power generation increases, so the load applied to the motor 7 is small, 100 w or less. Will be.
Therefore, by the action of the controller 9, the amount of current to be taken out is increased, the load of the electric motor 7 is maintained at 100w, and the storage battery 10 is stored or consumed.

If the wind speed decreases, the amount of power generation decreases, and if the rated rotation speed of the spindle 4 rotated by the wind turbine 3 is maintained at, for example, 300 rpm, the amount of power generated by the generator 2 increases and the load on the motor 7 increases. do.

In that case, the amount of current taken out from the generator 2 is automatically reduced by the action of the controller 9, the rated rotation speed is maintained at, for example, 300 rpm, and a constant voltage is maintained for output.

To exemplify how much wind speed is required for the spindle 4 to rotate at the rated rotation speed of 300 rpm due to the rotation of the wind turbine 3, for example, the size of the vertical axis rotor 5 is 1 m in radius, and the lift type blade 6 is used. The length is 2.7m, the wind receiving area is 5.4m ² , the blade width is 0.5m, and the number of blades is 2, which corresponds to the values when the wind speed is about 16m / s.

The amount of power generated by the generator 2 by the wind turbine 3 rotating at this wind speed is about 6000w. That is, by consuming 100 w of electric power to drive the electric motor 7 and rotating the wind power generator 1, the generator 2 can generate about 6000 w of electric power.

In a general wind power generator, since the wind speed is constantly changing, it is impossible to keep the rotation speed constant, and the voltage and the current are constantly fluctuating.
Therefore, it is difficult to output a constant voltage in a conventional small wind power generator.

However, in the wind power generator 1 of the present invention, the spindle 4 of the wind turbine 3 is rotated by the electric motor 7 to maintain the rated rotation speed at all times, so that the torque of the spindle 4 caused by the rotation of the vertical axis rotor 5 also changes. By adjusting the increase / decrease of the amount of current to be taken out, it can be made constant and the voltage can be made constant.

When the wind turbine 3 is rotated by wind power, energy loss occurs when the rotation speed of the wind turbine 3 is accelerated. However, the electric motor 7 always rotates the wind turbine 3 so as not to cause a load fluctuation on the electric motor 7 side. By adjusting the amount of current taken out on the output side by the controller 9, the output can be obtained from the state where the rotation speed is accelerated, so that energy loss during acceleration of the wind turbine 3 does not occur.

When the span of the lift type blade 6 is made longer than the rotation diameter, the rotation speed of the vertical axis rotor 5 gradually increases, and the air outside the rotating lift type blade 6 moves by centrifugal force. Since the air inside is attracted toward the outside, a negative pressure is applied inside the rotation trajectory of the lift type blade 6.

As a result, the airflow that is drawn in from the outside in the direction of the hub 5A that has become negative pressure from the vertical direction of the vertical axis rotor 5 and is sucked out in the centrifugal direction by the lift type blade 6 that rotates is the lift type blade. It flows outward along the trailing edge of 6 and, due to the reaction, lift (propulsion force) is generated in the rotation direction of the lift type blade 6 to rotate.

This wind power generation device 1 does not simply generate power, but also uses external power generated by another method to drive an electric motor 7 and rotate the wind power generation device 1 to generate power in another method. The surplus power generated in the above can be stored with less loss, and new power generation can be continuously performed by the rotational force generated by the lift generated in the lift type blade 6.

The lift type blade 6 in the wind turbine 3 can also be fixed to one main shaft 4 in a multi-layered manner (for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-188468).
Further, by making the blade tip portion of the lift type blade 6 an inclined portion 6A inclined in the direction of the main shaft 4, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of the airflow in the outward direction of the blade tip and improve the rotation efficiency.

Further, as a measure against typhoons, an automatic wind speed detector 21 is installed next to the generator 2, and when a constant high-speed wind is detected due to a typhoon or the like, the automatic controller 22 turns off the automatic switch 7B of the motor 7. It is operated to stop the electric motor 7, and a large load is applied to the generator 2 to stop the main shaft 4.

Further, when the automatic wind speed detector 21 detects a wind speed below a certain level (average), the load of the generator 2 is automatically released, and the automatic switch 7B of the motor 7 is automatically switched by the automatic controller 22. Turn on to restore the rotation of the wind turbine 3.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional front view of a main part of the second embodiment of the wind power generation device of the present invention. The same parts as in the previous example are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
In the second embodiment, the horizontal axis wind turbine 13 is used. A wind turbine housing 11B is mounted on the upper end of the support column 11A so as to be rotatable around the vertical axis 11D.

The wind turbine housing 11B has a large front portion and is gradually formed to be thinner toward the rear end, and a horizontal axis wind turbine 13 is attached to the rear portion.
The hub 15A of the horizontal axis rotor 15 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 14 that horizontally projects rearward from the generator 12 arranged in the front portion inside the wind turbine housing 11B.

Two to five lift-type blades 16 are mounted on the hub 15A in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross section of the lift type blade 16 has a thick leading edge 16A and is gradually formed thinner from the maximum blade thickness portion 16C to the trailing edge 16B.

The front surface 16D of the lift type blade 16 is almost linear from the leading edge 16A to the trailing edge 16B, while the rear surface 16E is gently curved toward the trailing edge 16B with the maximum blade thickness 16C as the apex. When rotated, the velocity of the airflow flowing along the back surface 16E becomes faster than the velocity of the airflow flowing along the front surface 16D, and the back surface 16E portion becomes a negative pressure.

Therefore, when the horizontal axis rotor 15 is idlely rotated at high speed by the electric motor 17, an air flow is generated from the front surface 16D direction of the lift type blade 16 toward the trailing edge 16B direction, and flows in the direction indicated by the X arrow in FIG. The reaction encourages the rotation of the horizontal axis rotor 15 in the direction of the leading edge 16A. Further, an air flow pushed from the trailing edge 16B direction is generated on the back surface 16E forming a curved surface, and the rotation is promoted as the rotation occurs.

When the lift type blade 16 is rotated by the wind force, in addition to the rotation by the wind force, the lift generated by the rotating lift type blade 16 itself adds a rotational force, and the horizontal axis rotor 15 rotates faster than the wind speed. , The amount of power generation increases.

An electric motor 17 provided with a speed reducer is arranged inside the rear portion of the wind turbine housing 11B, and the rotational force of the output shaft 17C of the electric motor 17 is transmitted to the main shaft 14 via the transmission means 18A and 18B. A controller 19 and a storage battery 20 are housed inside the front portion of the wind turbine housing 11B, and a cord 12A extending from the generator 12 is connected to the storage battery 20.

The cord 20A connected to the storage battery 20 is guided downward through the inside of the support column 11A and is connected to a storage battery (not shown). The motor 17 has an automatic switch 17B for remote control interposed in the cord 17A connected to the power supply, and is switched on by a slip ring or wireless remote control at the beginning of starting to start the motor 17. .. A lightning rod 11C is provided on the upper surface of the wind turbine housing 11B as shown in the figure.

In the second embodiment, the electric motor 17 causes the main shaft 14 of the wind turbine 13 to rotate at a rated value, so that lift is generated in the lift type blade 16 and the rotation speed is increased. When the lift type blade 16 receives wind and rotates, the rotation speed is accelerated by the lift.
The operation of the controller 19 that automatically adjusts the take-out current amount to maintain the rated rotation speed is the same as the previous example.

Since the electric motor can rotate the wind turbine at the rated rotation speed and take out a stable voltage, the electric motor is driven not only by wind power generation but also by the surplus of electric power obtained by other power generation methods to rotate the wind turbine. It is possible to generate electricity by making it generate electricity and store surplus electricity with less loss.

1. 1. Wind power generator 2. Generator
2A. Output code 3. Windmill 4. Main shaft 5. Vertical axis rotor 5A. Hub 5B. Support arm 5C. Brace 6. Lift type blade 6A. Wing tip 7. Motor 7A. Transmission 7B. Automatic switch 7C. Output shaft 7D. Code 8A. 8B. Transmission means 8C. Coordination means 9. controller
10. Storage battery
11. 11. Wind power generator
11A. Prop
11B. Windmill housing
11C. lightning rod
11D. Vertical axis
12. Generator
12A. code
13. Horizontal axis windmill
14. Spindle
15. 15. Horizontal axis rotor
15A. Hub
16. Lift type blade
16A. Leading edge
16B. Trailing edge
16C. Maximum wing thickness
16D. Front
16E. back
17. 17. Electric motor
17A. code
17B. Automatic switch
17C. Output axis
18A, 18B. Transmission means
19. controller
20. Storage battery
20A. code
twenty one. Automatic wind speed detector
twenty two. Automatic controller

Claims (2)

The spindle of a wind turbine equipped with a lift-type blade having an inclined portion whose wing tip is inclined in the direction of the spindle is directly connected to the spindle of the generator, and an electric motor separate from the generator is attached to the spindle. and transmission means provided on the output shaft of the reduction gear of the transmission means provided in the main shaft is rotatably is linked the main shaft via the linkage means comprising automatically controllable clutch,
An automatic switch that can be switched by an automatic controller equipped with an automatic wind speed detector is arranged between the motor and the storage battery to control the drive / stop of the motor, and between the storage battery and the generator. A controller that automatically adjusts the amount of current taken out from the generator in response to changes in the load of the motor is provided.
The motor is set to the same rotation speed as the rated rotation speed of the spindle, and the spindle is rotated at the rated rotation speed by the motor regardless of the height of the wind speed in a state where the lift type blade is rotated by wind power. In addition to maintaining the power generation at the rated voltage by the generator,
When the automatic wind speed detector detects a constant high-speed wind that causes a change in the rotation speed of the spindle exceeding the rated rotation speed of the spindle due to the addition of the rotation speed by the wind power, the automatic controller detects the electric motor. The automatic switch for is turned off to stop the motor, and the action of the controller increases the amount of current taken out on the output side of the generator to apply a large load to the generator and stop the spindle. ,
When the automatic wind speed detector detects that the wind speed has dropped below a certain level (average) , the load on the generator is released by the action of the controller, and the automatic switch of the motor is turned on by the automatic controller. The wind power is characterized in that the spindle is rotated while maintaining the rated rotation speed, and the current extraction amount on the output side of the generator is reduced by the controller to maintain the output of the rated voltage. Power generator. In a state where the lift type blade is constantly rotated by the motor and the wind force, the spindle is rotated at the rated rotation speed by the motor, and power generation at the rated voltage is maintained by the generator.
The automatic adjustment of the amount of current taken out from the generator by the action of the controller that automatically adjusts the amount of current taken out from the generator in response to the increase / decrease of the load applied to the motor is performed by the generator by the low wind speed. When the controller detects that the amount of power generation has decreased and the load applied to the motor has increased, the amount of current taken out from the generator is reduced by the action of the controller, and the amount of power generated by the generator due to the high wind speed. Is increased and the load applied to the motor is reduced, the controller is set to increase the amount of current taken out from the generator so as to obtain a stable rated voltage output from the generator. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the wind power generator is characterized by the above.

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