JP6841462B1 - 無電解めっき用触媒付与液 - Google Patents
無電解めっき用触媒付与液 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6841462B1 JP6841462B1 JP2020115474A JP2020115474A JP6841462B1 JP 6841462 B1 JP6841462 B1 JP 6841462B1 JP 2020115474 A JP2020115474 A JP 2020115474A JP 2020115474 A JP2020115474 A JP 2020115474A JP 6841462 B1 JP6841462 B1 JP 6841462B1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electroless
- plating
- catalyst
- electroless plating
- cobalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000001869 cobalt compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 58
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229940044175 cobalt sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 229910000361 cobalt sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011276 addition treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- KFHRUBBWOSPNDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co] KFHRUBBWOSPNDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MEYVLGVRTYSQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O MEYVLGVRTYSQHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229940116202 nickel sulfate hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical compound [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;dioxido-oxo-phosphonato-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)P([O-])([O-])=O SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 3
- ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethanamine Chemical compound COCCN ASUDFOJKTJLAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010277 boron hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000152 cobalt phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H cobalt(2+);diphosphate Chemical compound [Co+2].[Co+2].[Co+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZBDSFTZNNQNSQM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-3-methylpyrazole Chemical compound N1=C(C)C=CN1C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1Br QYIGOGBGVKONDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910020674 Co—B Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017262 Mo—B Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003927 aminopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SXFQDYORBVIULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;cobalt(2+) Chemical compound N.[Co+2] SXFQDYORBVIULR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCNSVJZBSHPMSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;cobalt;chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-].[Co] VCNSVJZBSHPMSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001621 bismuth Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VDTVZBCTOQDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane N-ethylethanamine Chemical compound B.CCNCC VDTVZBCTOQDZSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVMHLYQJPRXKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane;n,n-dimethylmethanamine Chemical compound B.CN(C)C WVMHLYQJPRXKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RECCKCFXMJNLFO-ZVGUSBNCSA-L cobalt(2+);(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O RECCKCFXMJNLFO-ZVGUSBNCSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VPUKOWSPRKCWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O VPUKOWSPRKCWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diiodide Chemical compound [Co+2].[I-].[I-] AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WLQXLCXXAPYDIU-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);disulfamate Chemical compound [Co+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O WLQXLCXXAPYDIU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AMFIJXSMYBKJQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Co+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AMFIJXSMYBKJQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MULYSYXKGICWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O MULYSYXKGICWJF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SCNCIXKLOBXDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K cobalt(3+);2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate Chemical compound [Co+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O SCNCIXKLOBXDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Co]Br BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) formate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NRCFFPOQRUJEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;cobalt(2+);disulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NRCFFPOQRUJEOG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IFQUWYZCAGRUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylenediaminediacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCCNCC(O)=O IFQUWYZCAGRUJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940053662 nickel sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(1+);dicyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+].N#[C-].N#[C-] XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZWZLRIBPAZENFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium;gold(3+);disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Au+3].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O ZWZLRIBPAZENFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])[O-] NCPXQVVMIXIKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1827—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/1831—Use of metal, e.g. activation, sensitisation with noble metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1655—Process features
- C23C18/1658—Process features with two steps starting with metal deposition followed by addition of reducing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1827—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/1834—Use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, e.g. activation, sensitisation with polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
- C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/2053—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/206—Use of metal other than noble metals and tin, e.g. activation, sensitisation with metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/2006—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30
- C23C18/2046—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/2053—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins by other methods than those of C23C18/22 - C23C18/30 by chemical pretreatment only one step pretreatment
- C23C18/2066—Use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, e.g. activation, sensitisation with polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
- C23C18/34—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents
- C23C18/36—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron using reducing agents using hypophosphites
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記無電解めっきが、銅及び/又は銅合金が表面に露出している材料に対する、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解ニッケルめっき、及び無電解金めっきからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の無電解めっきである、
項1〜9のいずれかに記載の無電解めっき用触媒付与液。
(2)工程(1)後に、無電解めっき処理する工程
を含む、無電解めっき皮膜を含む材料を製造する方法。
前記触媒核1がコバルトを含有し、
前記皮膜2が無電解めっき皮膜である、
材料。
本発明は、その一態様において、コバルト化合物及び還元剤を含有する、無電解めっき用触媒付与液(本明細書において、「本発明の触媒付与液」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下に、これについて説明する。
で表される鎖状アミンが挙げられる。
本発明は、その一態様において、(1)無電解めっき対象材料と、本発明の触媒付与液とを接触させる工程を含む、触媒核を含む無電解めっき対象材料を製造する方法、或いは、無電解めっき対象材料を触媒付与処理する方法(本明細書において、「本発明の方法1」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下、これについて説明する。
本発明は、その一態様において、(1)無電解めっき対象材料と、本発明の触媒付与液とを接触させる工程、及び(2)工程(1)後に、無電解めっき処理する工程を含む、無電解めっき皮膜を含む材料を製造する方法、或いは、無電解めっき対象材料を無電解めっきする方法(本明細書において、「本発明の方法2」と示すこともある。)に関する。以下、これについて説明する。
以下に示す組成からなる無電解めっき用触媒付与液を調製した。溶媒としては水を使用した。
(実施例1)Co−B
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 5g/L(コバルトとして1g/L)
DL−リンゴ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 3.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 5g/L(コバルトとして1g/L)
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 0.45g/L(ニッケルとして0.1g/L)
DL−リンゴ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 3.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 5g/L(コバルトとして1g/L)
塩化パラジウム 0.08g/L(パラジウムとして0.05g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 5g/L(コバルトとして1g/L)
タングステン酸ナトリウム・2水和物 1g/L(タングステンとして0.55g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 20g/L(コバルトとして4g/L)
モリブデン酸2ナトリウム・2水和物 0.5g/L(モリブデンとして0.2g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 20g/L(コバルトとして4g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
次亜リン酸ナトリウム 60g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 20g/L(コバルトとして4g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ホウ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
亜リン酸ナトリウム 20g/L
pH 8.0、浴温 70℃。
硫酸コバルト・7水和物 20g/L(コバルトとして4g/L)
クエン酸 50g/L
ホウ酸 10g/L
ヒドラジン 2.0g/L
次亜リン酸ナトリウム 20g/L
pH 8.0、浴温 70℃。
(比較例1)Ni−B
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 4.5g/L(ニッケルとして1.0g/L)
DL−リンゴ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 5.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 60℃。
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 0.45g/L(ニッケルとして0.1g/L)
DL−リンゴ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 5.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 60℃。
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 0.45g/L(ニッケルとして0.1g/L)
DL−リンゴ酸 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 5.0g/L
次亜リン酸ナトリウム 10g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 60℃。
塩化パラジウム 0.83g/L(パラジウムとして0.5g/L)
エチレンジアミン 10g/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 1.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 40℃。
塩化パラジウム 0.83g/L(パラジウムとして0.5g/L)
エチレンジアミン 10g/L
ヒドラジン 1.0g/L
pH 7.5、浴温 40℃。
(比較例6)
塩化パラジウム 0.17g/L(パラジウムとして0.1g/L)
35%塩酸 100 ml/L
浴温 30℃。
硫酸パラジウム 0.19g/L(パラジウムとして0.1g/L)
98%硫酸 20 ml/L
浴温 30℃。
以下の評価試験では、無電解めっき対象材料を前処理(酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング)後に、上記した触媒付与液により金属表面上に触媒核を形成し、次いで無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。各処理の詳細は、特に断りのない限り以下の通りである。各工程間に流水水洗1分処理を実施した。
硫酸および界面活性剤を含有する酸性脱脂液(商標名:ICPクリーンS−135K)に、40℃で5分間浸漬した。
過硫酸ナトリウム100g/L と98%硫酸10 ml/Lを含有する水溶液中に、室温で1分間浸漬した。
実施例1〜8及び比較例1〜5については、触媒核の厚みが0.01μmとなるよう、触媒付与液中に1〜5分間浸漬した。比較例6および7については1分間浸漬とした。
無電解パラジウムめっき液(商標名:トップパラスPD、奥野製薬工業(製))中に、65℃で5分間浸漬して、膜厚約0.1μmのめっき皮膜を得た。
無電解金めっき(商標名:トップパラスAU、奥野製薬工業(製))中に、80℃で10分間浸漬した。膜厚約0.05μmのめっき皮膜を得た。
無電解めっき対象材料として銅張エポキシ基板を使用し、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理を実施した後、エネルギー分散型X線分析装置(EDX,HORIBA製EMAX X−act)による測定、もしくは高周波誘導結合プラズマ(ICP)発光分光分析装置(日立ハイテクサイエンス製PS3500DDII)を使用した溶解法により組成を同定した。
無電解めっき対象材料として、樹脂基材上に、オーバーレジストタイプの微小銅パッド(直径0.2mm、パッド数30個)を有するBGA(Ball Grid Array)樹脂基板を用いた。無電解めっき対象材料を、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。各パッドにおけるめっき析出の有無をマイクロスコープ(KEYENCE製VHX−1000)により判定し、以下の評価基準に従って評価した。
〇:全パッド正常に析出。
×:めっき未析出のパッド有。
無電解めっき対象材料として、SAP法にて作製した配線幅/配線間隔(L/S)=20/20μmの銅配線パターンを有する樹脂基板を用いた。無電解めっき対象材料を、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。配線パターン間(樹脂部)へのめっき析出の有無を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM,日立ハイテクノロジーズ製S−3400N)により判定し、以下の評価基準に従って評価した。
〇:配線パターン間へのめっき析出なし。
△:配線パターン間へわずかにめっき析出。
×:配線パターン間に全面析出。
めっき析出性の評価で使用後の触媒付与液を、触媒付与処理の浴温+5℃に加温して、72時間放置した。浴分解の有無を目視により判定し、以下の評価基準に従って評価した。
〇:浴分解せず。
×:浴分解。
無電解めっき対象材料として、樹脂基材上に、オーバーレジストタイプの銅パッドを有するBGA(Ball Grid Array)樹脂基板を用いた。無電解めっき対象材料を、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。続いて、集束イオンビーム加工観察装置を用いて断面加工し,走査イオン顕微鏡によりボイドの有無を観察した(FIB/SIM,日立ハイテクノロジーズ製FB2200)。
〈ボイドの評価基準〉
〇:ボイドなし。
×:ボイドあり。
無電解めっき対象材料として、樹脂基材上に、オーバーレジストタイプの銅パッドを有するBGA(Ball Grid Array)樹脂基板を用いた。無電解めっき対象材料を、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。続いて、処理基板を熱処理175℃、16 hした後、Auめっき表面の元素組成を X線光電子分光分析装置(アルバック・ファイ株式会社、PHI5000VersaProbe III)で測定した。Au皮膜表面における下地金属(Cu、Co、Ni、Pd)検出の有無に基づいて、以下の評価基準に従って評価した。
〇:Au皮膜表面にて下地金属(Cu、Co、Ni、Pd)が検出されず。
×:Au皮膜表面にて下地金属(Cu、Co、Ni、Pd)が検出。
無電解めっき対象材料として、樹脂基材上に、オーバーレジストタイプの微小銅パッド(直径0.6mm、パッド数20個)を有するBGA樹脂基板を用いた。無電解めっき対象材料を、酸性脱脂、ソフトエッチング、触媒付与処理、無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解金めっきの順に処理した。その後、Sn−3Ag−0.5Cuのはんだボール(φ0.76mm)を搭載し、リフロー装置にて加熱(ピーク温度250℃)した後、はんだボールプル試験装置(Dage社製#4000)を用いてプル速度5000μm/秒にてはんだボールプル試験を行った。はんだ内部で破断が生じるもしくは基材が破壊されるモードを良好、はんだボールとめっき皮膜の接合界面で破壊されるモードを不良と判断し、以下の評価基準に従って評価した。
〇:良好モード50%以上。
△:良好モード0%超50%未満。
×:すべて不良モード(良好モード0%)。
結果を表1に示す。
Claims (13)
- コバルト化合物及び還元剤を含有する、
無電解パラジウムめっき、無電解ニッケルめっき、及び無電解金めっきからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の無電解めっき(但し、触媒金属として銀を使用する無電解めっきを除く)に用いるための触媒付与液。 - 前記還元剤がアミン化合物を含む、請求項1に記載の触媒付与液。
- 前記アミン化合物が、アミンボラン、ヒドラジン、及びヒドラジン誘導体からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項2に記載の触媒付与液。
- 錯化剤を含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液。
- 前記錯化剤がカルボン酸を含む、請求項4に記載の触媒付与液。
- 前記カルボン酸がヒドロキシカルボン酸又はジカルボン酸を含む、請求項5に記載の触媒付与液。
- 前記還元剤が、ホウ素含有化合物及びリン含有化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液。
- さらに、金属塩を含有する、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液。
- コバルト含有量が金属100質量%に対して50質量%以上である、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液。
- 前記還元剤が、ホウ素含有化合物及びリン含有化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種を含み、且つ
前記無電解めっきが、銅及び/又は銅合金が表面に露出している材料に対する無電解めっきである、
請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液。 - (1)無電解めっき対象材料と、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液とを接触させる工程を含む、触媒核を含む無電解めっき対象材料を製造する方法。
- (1)無電解めっき対象材料と、請求項1〜10のいずれかに記載の触媒付与液とを接触させる工程、及び
(2)工程(1)後に、無電解めっき処理する工程
を含む、無電解めっき皮膜を含む材料を製造する方法。 - 金属が表面に露出している材料、前記金属上の触媒核1(但し、触媒金属として銀を含有する触媒核を除く)、及び前記触媒核1上の皮膜2を含み、且つ
前記触媒核1がコバルトを含有し、
前記皮膜2が無電解パラジウムめっき皮膜、無電解ニッケルめっき皮膜、及び無電解金めっき皮膜からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の無電解めっき皮膜である、材料。
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