JP4842620B2 - 高密度銅パターンを有したプリント配線板の製造方法 - Google Patents
高密度銅パターンを有したプリント配線板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4842620B2 JP4842620B2 JP2005330101A JP2005330101A JP4842620B2 JP 4842620 B2 JP4842620 B2 JP 4842620B2 JP 2005330101 A JP2005330101 A JP 2005330101A JP 2005330101 A JP2005330101 A JP 2005330101A JP 4842620 B2 JP4842620 B2 JP 4842620B2
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- nickel
- plating
- wiring board
- printed wiring
- activator
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Natural products NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003630 glycyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 34
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 25
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine hydrate Chemical compound O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound [B].CNC RJTANRZEWTUVMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-(4,4-dimethyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-n-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1NC(C)(C)CN1C(N=C1N)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012493 hydrazine sulfate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000377 hydrazine sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RRIWRJBSCGCBID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940116202 nickel sulfate hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTYMQUSHTAONGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrazine Chemical compound NN.OC(O)=O PTYMQUSHTAONGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940053662 nickel sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);disulfamate Chemical compound [Ni+2].NS([O-])(=O)=O.NS([O-])(=O)=O KERTUBUCQCSNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006179 pH buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L potassium sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O LJCNRYVRMXRIQR-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;gold(1+);dicyanide Chemical compound [K+].[Au+].N#[C-].N#[C-] XTFKWYDMKGAZKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PRWXGRGLHYDWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium malonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O PRWXGRGLHYDWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011006 sodium potassium tartrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003627 tricarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
Description
脱脂(40〜60℃、1〜5分)
↓
水洗(25〜40℃、1〜3分)
↓
ソフトエッチ(25〜40℃、1〜3分)
↓
水洗(25〜40℃、1〜3分)
↓
酸処理(25〜40℃、0.5〜3分)
↓
水洗(25〜40℃、1〜3分)
↓
活性化(80〜95℃、0.5〜5分)
↓
水洗(25〜40℃、1〜3分)
線幅、線間幅の異なった銅パターン(L/S=15/15、30/30、50/50、100/100μm)を有するプリント基板を試験基板として用いた。まず、脱脂液(PB−242D:荏原ユージライト社製)を使用して試験基板の脱脂処理を行い、続いて、エッチング液(PB−228:荏原ユージライト社製)を使用して、エッチング処理を行い、その後10%硫酸にてスマット除去をした。
<活性化剤組成>
ニッケルイオン(II) 3g/L
ヒドラジン一水和物 20g/L
グリシン 23g/L
ほう酸 31g/L
pH 12
<無電解ニッケルめっき浴組成>
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 25g/L
次亜りん酸ナトリウム 30g/L
DL−りんご酸 25g/L
こはく酸 10g/L
pH 4.6
<無電解金めっき浴組成>
シアン化金(I)カリウム 2.9g/L
くえん酸カリウム 50g/L
EDTAナトリウム 10g/L
pH 4.8
活性化剤への浸漬時間を5分間にした以外は、実施例1と同様に活性化剤/無電解ニッケル/無電解金めっき処理を行い、ニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
活性化在中のヒドラジン一水和物20g/Lを、中性硫酸ヒドラジン33g/Lに代えた以外は、実施例1と同様に活性化剤/無電解ニッケル/無電解金めっき処理を行い、ニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
実施例3の活性化剤への浸漬時間を5分にした以外は、実施例1と同様に活性化剤/無電解ニッケル/無電解金めっき処理を行い、ニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
活性化剤の代わりに、25℃のパラジウム触媒溶液(PB−300:荏原ユージライト社製)を用い、これに2分間浸漬して銅パターン上にパラジウムを付与する以外は、実施例1と同様に無電解ニッケル/金めっき処理を行い、試験基板上にニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
30℃のジメチルアミンボラン用いた下記組成の活性化剤を用い、これに1分間浸漬する以外は、実施例1と同様に無電解ニッケル/金めっき処理を行い、試験基板上にニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
<ジメチルアミンボラン活性化剤組成>
ニッケルイオン(II) 100mg/L
ジメチルアミンボラン 3g/L
DL−りんご酸 1.3g/L
ほう酸 5g/L
pH 9
比較例2の活性化剤を用い、浸漬時間を5分間にする以外は、実施例1と同様に無電解ニッケル/金めっき処理を行った。
実施例1に従って脱脂・エッチング・スマット除去処理した試験基板を、荏原ユージライト社製パラジウム溶液PB−300にて、25℃、2分間処理し、銅パターン上にパラジウムを付与し、更に、下記に示す無電解ニッケルめっき浴にて、80℃、30分間処理した。その後、実施例1に記載の組成の無電解金めっき浴で処理し、試験基板上に、ニッケルおよび金を析出させた。
<無電解ニッケルめっき浴組成>
硫酸ニッケル・6水和物 25g/L
次亜りん酸ナトリウム 30g/L
DL−りんご酸 25g/L
こはく酸 10g/L
鉛イオン 1.0mg/L
チオ尿素 2.0mg/L
pH 4.6
実施例1〜2および比較例1〜4のめっき処理により得た試験基板を、実体顕微鏡にて観察し、めっき析出状態について下記の基準で評価した。また、この観察によりパターン先端、パターン際の段差めっきの有無を判断した。これらの結果を表1に示した。
(評価) (内容)
○ : 銅パターン上のみめっき析出。
△ : 銅パターン上のみにめっきが析出した箇所と、樹脂上にもめっきが析
出した箇所が混在している。
× : 銅パターン上、樹脂上の全面にめっきが析出。
Claims (5)
- 銅パターンを有する基板を、ヒドラジンまたはその誘導体およびニッケルイオンを含有する活性化剤に浸漬した後、無電解金属めっき処理を行うことを特徴とするプリント配線板の製造方法。
- 活性化剤が、更にpH緩衝剤および/または錯化剤を含有するものである請求項第1項記載のプリント配線板の製造方法。
- pH緩衝剤が、ほう酸である請求項第2項記載のプリント配線板の製造方法。
- 錯化剤が、グリシンまたはその誘導体である請求項第2項記載のプリント配線板の製造方法。
- プリント配線板としてパッケージ基板またはフレキシブル基板を製造するための方法である請求項第1項ないし第4項の何れかの項記載のプリント配線板の製造方法。
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JP2005330101A JP4842620B2 (ja) | 2005-11-15 | 2005-11-15 | 高密度銅パターンを有したプリント配線板の製造方法 |
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JP2005330101A JP4842620B2 (ja) | 2005-11-15 | 2005-11-15 | 高密度銅パターンを有したプリント配線板の製造方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007141936A JP2007141936A (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
JP4842620B2 true JP4842620B2 (ja) | 2011-12-21 |
Family
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