JP6839660B2 - 水性ポリマー分散剤を有する粘弾性ポリウレタンフォーム - Google Patents
水性ポリマー分散剤を有する粘弾性ポリウレタンフォーム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6839660B2 JP6839660B2 JP2017564080A JP2017564080A JP6839660B2 JP 6839660 B2 JP6839660 B2 JP 6839660B2 JP 2017564080 A JP2017564080 A JP 2017564080A JP 2017564080 A JP2017564080 A JP 2017564080A JP 6839660 B2 JP6839660 B2 JP 6839660B2
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- isocyanate
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- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 34
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 201000007946 Congenital intrinsic factor deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 13
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
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- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1CC(C(C)C)CC=C1C DZSVIVLGBJKQAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical group OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006029 tetra-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MAZWDMBCPDUFDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Traumatinsaeure Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O MAZWDMBCPDUFDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- MAZWDMBCPDUFDJ-VQHVLOKHSA-N traumatic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O MAZWDMBCPDUFDJ-VQHVLOKHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000472 traumatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤は、少なくとも(a)20重量%〜100重量%(例えば、30重量%〜100重量%、40重量%〜100重量%、50重量%〜100重量%等)の、少なくとも1つのカルボニル基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基、もしくはスルホニル基、または他の酸性基(それらの任意の組み合わせを含む)を有する少なくとも1つの親水性酸モノマーから誘導され、任意選択で、少なくとも1つの疎水性末端不飽和炭化水素モノマーから誘導されたベースポリマーを含む、ポリマー成分と、(b)少なくとも水を含む流体媒体であって、ベースポリマーが該流体媒体中で分散される、流体媒体と、を含む。本明細書で使用する場合、ポリマーとは、同じ種類であるかまたは異なる種類であるかにかかわらず、モノマーを重合させることによって調製される化合物を意味する。したがって、ポリマーという用語は、通常1種類のみのモノマーから調製されるポリマーを指すために用いられるホモポリマーという用語、及びインターポリマーという用語を包含する。これはまた、例えば、ランダム、ブロック、同質、異質等のすべての形態のインターポリマーも包含する。コポリマー/インターポリマーとは、少なくとも2つの異なる種類のモノマーの重合によって調製されるポリマーを意味する。これらの用語は、古典的コポリマー、すなわち、2つの異なる種類のモノマーから調製されるポリマー、及び2つ以上の異なる種類のモノマーから調製されるポリマー、例えば、ターポリマー、テトラポリマー等の両方を含む。ベースポリマーは、1つのモノマーから誘導されてもよく、または少なくとも2つの異なるモノマーから誘導されたコポリマーであってもよい。ベースポリマーは、制御された微細構造、分子量分布、及び/または分子量を有してもよい。ベースポリマーは、1000〜25,000g/molの数平均分子量(Mn)を有してもよい。
ポリオール成分は、少なくとも1つのポリエーテルポリオール及び/またはポリエステルポリオールを含む。例示的なポリエーテルポリオールは、アルキレンオキシド(例えば、少なくとも1つのエチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシド、及び/またはブチレンオキシド)と1分子当たり2〜8個の活性水素原子を含有する開始剤との反応生成物である。例示的な開始剤としては、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ブタンジオール、グリセロール、トリメチロールプロパン、トリエタノールアミン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、エチレンジアミン、トルエンジアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン、ポリメチレンポリフェニレンポリアミン、エタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、及びかかる開始剤の混合物が挙げられる。例示的なポリオールとしては、The Dow Chemical Companyから入手可能なVORANOL(商標)製品が挙げられる。ポリオール成分は、粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームを形成するために使用可能なポリオールを含んでもよい。
添加剤成分は、予備形成された水性分散剤及びポリオール成分を形成する成分から分離される。添加剤成分は、イソシアネート反応性成分の一部であるが、他の添加剤が、イソシアネート成分に組み込まれてもよい。添加剤成分としては、触媒、硬化剤、架橋剤、界面活性剤、発泡剤(水性ポリマー分散剤からは分離された、水性及び非水性)、ポリアミン、可塑剤、芳香剤、色素、抗酸化剤、UV 安定剤、水(水性ポリマー分散剤からは分離される)、及び/または充填剤が挙げられ得る。他の例示的な添加剤としては、鎖延長剤、難燃剤、煙抑制剤、乾燥剤、タルク、粉末、離型剤、ゴムポリマー(「ゲル」)粒子、ならびに粘弾性フォーム及び粘弾性フォーム製品で使用するための当該技術分野において既知の他の添加剤が挙げられる。
イソシアネート成分は、少なくとも1つのイソシアネートを含む。イソシアネート成分は、50〜110(例えば、60〜100、65〜100、70〜100、74〜100、70〜90、70〜85、及び/または74〜85)のイソシアネート指数で存在する。イソシアネート指数は、100を乗算した、イソシアネート反応性単位(イソシアネート部分と反応するために利用可能な活性水素)のモル数に対する、反応混合物中のイソシアネート部分のモル化学量論的過剰量として定義される。100のイソシアネート指数は、100を乗算した、1.0モルのイソシアネート反応性基当たり1.0モルのイソシアネート基が存在するように、化学量論的過剰量が存在しないことを意味する。
粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームは、多様な包装用途、快適性用途(例えば、マットレストッパー、枕、家具、シートクッション等を含むマットレス)、緩衝用途(例えば、バンパーパッド、スポーツ及び医療器具、ヘルメットライナ等)、ならびに騒音及び/または振動減衰用途(例えば、耳栓、自動車パネル等)において有用であり得る。
Claims (11)
- ASTM D 3574に従って測定されるとき、20%以下の弾力性を有する粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームを形成するための反応系であって、前記反応系が、
少なくとも1つのイソシアネートを含むイソシアネート成分であって、前記反応系のイソシアネート指数が、50〜110である、イソシアネート成分と、
少なくともポリオール成分、添加剤成分、及び予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤を添加することによって形成される混合物である、イソシアネート反応性成分と、を含み、前記混合物が、
少なくとも1つのポリエーテルポリオールを含む、前記混合物の総重量に基づき、50.0重量%〜99.8重量%の前記ポリオール成分と、
少なくとも1つの触媒を含む、前記混合物の総重量に基づき、0.1重量%〜49.9重量%の前記添加剤成分と、
前記混合物の総重量に基づき、0.1重量%〜6.0重量%の6.0〜12.0のpHを有する前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤と、を含み、前記水性ポリマー分散剤が、5重量%〜60重量%のポリマー成分と、少なくとも水を含む、40重量%〜95重量%の流体媒体とを含み、前記ポリマー成分が、20重量%〜100重量%の、少なくとも1つのカルボニル基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基、またはスルホニル基を有する少なくとも1つの親水性酸モノマーから誘導され、任意選択で、少なくとも1つの疎水性末端不飽和炭化水素モノマーから誘導された、少なくとも1つのベースポリマーを含む、反応系。 - 前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤が、室温及び大気圧の周囲条件で連続液相成分である、請求項1に記載の反応系。
- 前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤が、前記ポリオール成分及び前記添加剤成分とは別に提供される、請求項1または2のいずれかに記載の反応系。
- 前記添加剤成分が、少なくとも1つの界面活性剤を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。
- 前記添加剤成分が、混合物の総重量の2.0重量%未満を占める水を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。
- 前記親水性酸モノマーが、酸無水物基の形態の少なくとも1つのカルボニル基を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。
- 前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤が、少なくとも1つのカルボニル基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基、もしくはスルホニル基を有する2つの異なる親水性酸モノマーを含むか、または少なくとも1つのカルボニル基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基、もしくはスルホニル基を有する1つの親水性酸モノマーと、少なくとも1つの疎水性末端不飽和炭化水素モノマーとを含む、コポリマーである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。
- 前記ポリオール成分が、少なくとも50重量%のエチレンオキシド含有量を有し、2〜4の公称ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、前記イソシアネート反応性成分の35重量%〜90重量%を占める少なくとも1つのポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンポリエーテルポリオールを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。
- 前記ポリオール成分が、少なくとも3つのポリオールのブレンドを含み、前記ブレンドが、
(i)少なくとも50重量%のエチレンオキシド含有量を有し、2〜4の公称ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、700g/mol〜1500g/molの分子量を有し、前記イソシアネート反応性成分の35重量%〜90重量%を占めるポリオキシエチレン−ポリオキシプロピレンポリエーテルポリオールと、
(ii)20重量%未満のエチレンオキシド含有量を有し、2〜4の公称ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、1500g/mol超かつ6000g/mol未満の分子量を有し、前記イソシアネート反応性成分の5重量%〜50重量%を占めるポリオキシプロピレン−ポリオキシエチレンポリエーテルポリオールと、
(iii)2〜4の公称ヒドロキシル官能価を有し、700g/mol〜1500g/molの分子量を有し、前記イソシアネート反応性成分の5重量%〜50重量%を占めるポリオキシプロピレンポリエーテルポリオールと、を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の反応系。 - ASTM D 3574に従って測定されるとき、20%以下の弾力性を有し、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の反応系を使用して調製された、粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームであって、ASTM D3574に従って測定されるとき、少なくとも4.5ft3/分の空気流を有する、粘弾性ポリウレタンフォーム。
- ASTM D 3574に従って測定されるとき、20%未満の弾力性を有する粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームを形成するための方法であって、
少なくともポリオール成分、添加剤成分、及び予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤を添加及び混合することによって、イソシアネート反応性成分を調製することであって、これにより得られた混合物が、
少なくとも1つのポリエーテルポリオールを含む、前記混合物の総重量に基づき、50.0重量%〜99.8重量%の前記ポリオール成分と、
少なくとも1つの触媒及び少なくとも1つの界面活性剤を含む、前記混合物の総重量に基づき、0.1重量%〜49.9重量%の前記添加剤成分と、
前記混合物の総重量に基づき、0.1重量%〜6.0重量%の前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤と、を含み、前記予備形成された水性ポリマー分散剤が、6.0〜12.0のpHを有し、5重量%〜60重量%のポリマー成分と、少なくとも水を含む40重量%〜95重量%の流体媒体とを含み、前記ポリマー成分が、20重量%〜100重量%の、少なくとも1つのカルボニル基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基、またはスルホニル基を有する少なくとも1つの親水性酸モノマーから誘導され、任意選択で、少なくとも1つの疎水性末端不飽和炭化水素モノマーから誘導された、少なくとも1つのベースポリマーを含む、調製することと、
前記反応系のイソシアネート指数が50〜110となるように、少なくとも1つのイソシアネートを含む、イソシアネート成分を提供することと、
前記イソシアネート成分を前記イソシアネート反応性成分と反応させて、前記粘弾性ポリウレタンフォームを形成することと、を含む、方法。
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