JP6805828B2 - 水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 - Google Patents
水溶性フィルム、薬剤包装体及び水溶性フィルムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6805828B2 JP6805828B2 JP2016556036A JP2016556036A JP6805828B2 JP 6805828 B2 JP6805828 B2 JP 6805828B2 JP 2016556036 A JP2016556036 A JP 2016556036A JP 2016556036 A JP2016556036 A JP 2016556036A JP 6805828 B2 JP6805828 B2 JP 6805828B2
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Description
一方で、フィルム製膜においては、カールの発生が懸念されるものであり、これを防止するためには、高温での熱処理が必要となってくる。
しかしながら、高温での熱処理を行うと、酸変性PVA系樹脂を用いた水溶性フィルムの場合は、通常の未変性PVAからなる水溶性フィルムよりも、結晶化しやすい点から溶解性などの諸物性が低下すると考えられている。このようなことから、相反する物性となるカールの軽減と溶解性を両立させるのは困難であった。
〔式(1)において、完溶時間(T)は、35mm×35mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間放置した後、10℃の水に浸漬して、水溶性フィルムが溶解するまでの時間(秒)である。また、カール面積率(S)は、100mm×100mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、水溶性フィルムの流れ(MD)方向の一辺を固定して、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間ぶら下げた時に、正面から見た際の水溶性フィルム全体の面積に対する、水溶性フィルムのカールしている部分の面積率(%)である。〕
本発明の水溶性フィルムは、PVA系樹脂(A)を含有してなり、完溶時間(T)とカール面積率(S)の積(T×S)が下記式(1)を満足するものである。
〔式(1)において、完溶時間(T)は、35mm×35mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間放置した後、10℃の水に浸漬して、水溶性フィルムが溶解するまでの時間(秒)である。また、カール面積率(S)は、100mm×100mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、水溶性フィルムの流れ(MD)方向の一辺を固定して、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間ぶら下げた時に、正面から見た際の水溶性フィルム全体の面積に対する、水溶性フィルムのカールしている部分の面積率(%)である。〕
1500≦完溶時間(T)×カール面積率(S)≦6000 ・・・(2)
2000≦完溶時間(T)×カール面積率(S)≦5000 ・・・(3)
[完溶時間(T)]
水溶性フィルムの幅方向(TD)における中央部から切り出した35mm×35mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間放置した後、かかる水溶性フィルムを水面に平行になるように冶具で固定しておく。一方、1リットルビーカーに10℃の水1リットルを入れ、スターラーにより撹拌しながら、渦が水面から50mmの高さになるように回転を調整する。そこに、予め用意しておいた、冶具に固定した水溶性フィルムを、水溶性フィルムが水面から50mmの深さの位置になるように投入し、その後水溶性フィルムが溶解するまでの時間(秒)を測定する。
水溶性フィルムの幅方向(TD)における中央部から、100mm×100mmの水溶性フィルムを切り出す。つぎに、図1に示すように、上記水溶性フィルム1の流れ方向(MD)の一辺を幅15mmの粘着テープ2で固定して、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間ぶら下げた時の、水溶性フィルム1のカールしている部分の面積を算出する。その算出値から、水溶性フィルム1のカール面積率を下記式より求める。
カール面積率(%)
=100×[{(X1)+(X2)}/2]×100/10000
X1:カール部分を伸ばした際の最下端からカールの中心部分までの一方の長さ(mm)
X2:カール部分を伸ばした際の最下端からカールの中心部分までのもう一方の長さ(mm)
まず、本発明で用いられるPVA系樹脂(A)について説明する。
本発明で用いられるPVA系樹脂(A)としては、未変性PVAや変性PVA系樹脂が挙げられる。
これら化合物は単独でもしくは2種以上併せて用いることができる。
上記の中でも、水溶性フィルムの引張強度の点で融点が85℃以上、特には90℃以上のものが好ましい。なお、融点の上限は300℃、特には200℃が好ましい。
かかる可塑剤(b1)が少なすぎると水溶性フィルムが柔らかくなりすぎて、ブロッキングが生じやすくなる傾向があり、多すぎると水溶性フィルムが硬くなりすぎる傾向があり、低湿環境下でもろくなる傾向がある。また、可塑剤(b2)が少なすぎると水溶性フィルムが硬くなりすぎる傾向があり、低湿環境下でもろくなる傾向があり、多すぎると水溶性フィルムが柔らかくなりすぎて、ブロッキングが生じやすくなる傾向がある。
溶解方法としては、通常、常温溶解、高温溶解、加圧溶解等が採用され、中でも、未溶解物が少なく、生産性に優れる点から高温溶解、加圧溶解が好ましい。
溶解温度が、高温溶解の場合には、通常80〜100℃、好ましくは90〜100℃であり、加圧溶解の場合には、通常80〜130℃、好ましくは90〜120℃である。
溶解時間としては、通常1〜20時間、好ましくは2〜15時間、更に好ましくは3〜10時間である。溶解時間が短すぎると未溶解物が残る傾向にあり、長すぎると生産性が低下する傾向にある。
更に、溶解した後、得られたPVA系樹脂水溶液に対して脱泡処理が行われるが、かかる脱泡方法としては、例えば、静置脱泡、真空脱泡、二軸押出脱泡等が挙げられる。中でも静置脱泡、二軸押出脱泡が好ましい。
静置脱泡の温度としては、通常50〜100℃、好ましくは70〜95℃であり、脱泡時間は、通常2〜30時間、好ましくは5〜20時間である。
例えば、下記の製膜条件にて行うことができる。
かかる凹凸加工に際しては、加工温度は、通常60〜150℃であり、好ましくは80〜140℃である。加工圧力は、通常2〜8MPa、好ましくは3〜7MPaである。加工時間は、上記加工圧力、製膜速度にもよるが、通常0.01〜5秒であり、好ましくは0.1〜3秒である。
また、必要に応じて、凹凸加工処理の後に、熱による水溶性フィルムの意図しない延伸を防止するために、冷却処理を施してもよい。
なお、上記含水率は、JIS K 6726 3.4に準拠して測定され、得られた揮発分の値を含水率とする。
芯管(S1)の内径は、3〜30cmが好ましく、より好ましくは10〜20cmである。
芯管(S1)の肉厚は、1〜30mmが好ましく、より好ましくは2〜25mmである。
芯管(S1)の長さは、PVA系フィルムの幅より長くすることが必要で、フィルムロールの端部から1〜50cm突出するようにするのが好ましい。
芯管(S2)の内径は、3〜30cmが好ましく、より好ましくは10〜20cmである。
芯管(S2)の肉厚は、1〜30mmが好ましく、より好ましくは3〜25mmである。
芯管(S2)の長さは、製品のPVA系フィルム幅と同等或いはそれ以上の長さのものであればよく、好ましくは同等〜50cm長いものである。
かかるスリットに当たっては、シェア刃やレザー刃などを用いてスリットされるが、好ましくはシェア刃でスリットすることがスリット断面の平滑性の点で好ましい。
帯電防止剤としては、例えば、アルキルジエタノールアミン、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアミン、高級脂肪酸アルカノールアミド、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等が使用される。
包装に当たっては内側の水蒸気バリヤー性樹脂の包装フィルム、外側のアルミニウム素材からなる包装フィルムで順次包装を行い、幅方向に余った部分を芯管に押し込めば良い。
保護パットの形状は、フィルムロールにあわせて、円盤状のシート、フィルムが実用的である。保護効果を顕著にするため発泡体、織物状、不織布状等の緩衝機能を付加させるのが良い。又、湿気からフィルムロールを守るため乾燥剤を別途封入したり、前記保護パットに積層又は混入したりしておくこともできる。
保護パットの素材はプラスチックが有利であり、その具体例としては、例えば、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、ポリ塩化ビニル等が挙げられる。
市販されているシート状乾燥剤の例としては、アイディ社製の「アイディシート」や品川化成社製の「アローシート」、「ゼオシート」、ハイシート工業社製の「ハイシートドライ」等がある。
ブラケットはベニヤ板やプラスチック板からなるものであり、その大きさはブラケットの4辺がフィルムロールの直径より大きいものであればよい。
また、上記一対のブラケットがぐらつかないように、両者を結束テープで固定するのが有利であり、そのときテープの移動や弛みが起こらないようにブラケットの側面(厚さ部分)にテープ幅と同程度のテープズレ防止溝を設けて置くのも実用的である。
なお、上記pH値は、JIS K 3362 8.3に準拠して測定される。また、水分量は、JIS K 3362 7.21.3に準じて測定される。
本発明の薬剤包装体の一例である液体洗剤包装体は、水溶性フィルムからなる包装体内に液体洗剤が内包されてなるものである。液体洗剤包装体の大きさは、通常長さ10〜50mm、好ましくは20〜40mmである。また、水溶性フィルムからなる包装体のフィルムの厚みは、通常10〜120μm、好ましくは15〜110μm、より好ましくは20〜100μmである。内包される液体洗剤の量は、通常5〜50mL、好ましくは10〜40mLである。
尚、例中「部」、「%」とあるのは、重量基準を意味する。
PVA系樹脂(A)として、20℃における4%水溶液粘度22mPa・s、平均ケン化度94モル%、マレイン酸モノメチルエステルによる変性量2.0モル%のカルボキシル基変性PVA(A1)を90部、20℃における4%水溶液粘度18mPa・s、平均ケン化度88モル%の未変性PVA(A2)を10部、可塑剤(B)として、ソルビトール(b1)を20部及びグリセリン(b2)を20部、フィラー(C)として澱粉(平均粒子径20μm)を8部、界面活性剤(D)として、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルリン酸エステルモノエタノールアミン塩を2部及び水を混合して溶解処理し、澱粉が分散したPVA水溶液(固形分濃度25%)を得た。
得られたPVA水溶液を80℃にて脱泡し、40℃まで冷やした。そのPVA水溶液をポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルム(厚み:125μm、幅:300mm)上に、厚さ630μm、幅200mmで流延し、3mの乾燥室(105℃)の中を0.350m/minの速度で通過させ乾燥し、厚さ89μmのPVA系フィルム(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、100℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F1)(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F1)(水溶性フィルム)について、以下の通り測定、評価を行った。
水溶性フィルムの幅方向(TD)における中央部から35mm×35mmに切り出した水溶性フィルムにおいて、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間放置した後、かかる水溶性フィルムを水面に平行になるように冶具で固定しておいた。一方、1リットルビーカーに10℃の水1リットルを入れ、スターラーにより撹拌しながら、渦が水面から50mmの高さになるように回転を調整した(回転子長3cm、回転数750rpm)。そこに、予め用意しておいた、冶具に固定した水溶性フィルムを、水溶性フィルムが水面から50mmの深さの位置になるように投入し、その後水溶性フィルムが溶解するまでの時間(秒)を測定した。
水溶性フィルムの幅方向(TD)における中央部から、100mm×100mmの水溶性フィルムを切り出した。つぎに、図1に示すように、上記水溶性フィルム1の流れ方向(MD)の一辺を幅15mmの粘着テープ2で固定して、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間ぶら下げた時の、水溶性フィルム1のカールしている部分の面積を算出した。その算出値から、水溶性フィルム1のカール面積率を下記式より求めた。
カール面積率(%)
=100×[{(X1)+(X2)}/2]×100/10000
X1:カール部分を伸ばした際の最下端からカールの中心部分までの一方の長さ(mm)
X2:カール部分を伸ばした際の最下端からカールの中心部分までのもう一方の長さ(mm)
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、110℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F2)(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F2)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、120℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F3)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F3)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、130℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F4)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F4)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、95℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F5)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F5)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、90℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F6)(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F6)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
実施例1と同様にPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を作製した。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F0)(水溶性フィルム)を300mm×210mmのSUS製の枠に4辺を固定して貼り付け、140℃に設定した熱風乾燥機に30秒入れることで熱処理を行い、PVA系フィルム(F7)(水溶性フィルム)を得た。
得られたPVA系フィルム(F7)(水溶性フィルム)について、実施例1と同様にして、測定、評価を行った。
上記実施例1にて得られたPVA系フィルム(F1)を用い、Engel社製包装体製造機により、下記の手順にて包装体を作製した。
即ち、上記製造機の下部にある金型(成型される包装体:縦45mm、横42mm、高さ30mm)の上に、PVA系フィルム(F1)(ボトムフィルム)を固定し、装置の上部にもPVA系フィルム(F1)(トップフィルム)を固定した。ボトムフィルムを10秒間、90℃の熱風を発生させるドライヤーで加熱し、ボトムフィルムを金型に真空成型した。その後、P&G社製の「アリエールパワージェルボール」に包装された液体洗剤(グリセリン5.4%、プロピレングリコール22.6%、水分10.4%を含有(液体洗剤中の多価アルコールの含有割合:28%))を、成型されたPVA系フィルム(F1)に20mL投入した。トップフィルムに水を1.5g塗布し、トップフィルムとボトムフィルムを圧着した。30秒間圧着した後に、真空を開放し、包装体を得た。
得られた液体洗剤包装体は、外観に関して問題のない良好なものが得られた。
Claims (8)
- ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を含有してなる水溶性フィルムであって、上記ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)がアニオン性基変性ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(a1)を含有し、完溶時間(T)とカール面積率(S)の積(T×S)が下記式(1)を満足し、上記完溶時間(T)が10〜140秒であり、上記カール面積率(S)が50%以下であることを特徴とする水溶性フィルム。
1000≦完溶時間(T)×カール面積率(S)≦7000 ・・・(1)
〔式(1)において、完溶時間(T)は、35mm×35mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間放置した後、10℃の水に浸漬して、水溶性フィルムが溶解するまでの時間(秒)である。また、カール面積率(S)は、100mm×100mmの水溶性フィルムにおいて、水溶性フィルムの流れ(MD)方向の一辺を固定して、23℃、40%RHの環境下に24時間ぶら下げた時の、正面から見た際の水溶性フィルム全体の面積に対する、水溶性フィルムのカールしている部分の面積率(%)である。〕 - 可塑剤(B)を含有してなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 可塑剤(B)の含有量が、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)100重量部に対して20重量部以上であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 水溶性フィルムの含水率が3〜15重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 薬剤包装に用いることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルム。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルムで、液体洗剤が包装されてなることを特徴とする薬剤包装体。
- 液体洗剤が、水に溶解又は分散させた時のpH値が6〜12で、水分量が15重量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項6記載の薬剤包装体。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の水溶性フィルムの製造方法であって、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂(A)を含有してなる製膜原料を製膜し、乾燥した後、95〜135℃で熱処理することを特徴とする請求項1〜5いずれか記載の水溶性フィルムの製造方法。
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EP3348608A4 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-05-15 | The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PHARMACEUTICAL PACKAGING, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-SOLUBLE FILM |
WO2017043511A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
US10414889B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2019-09-17 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Water-soluble film and chemical agent package |
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WO2017043511A1 (ja) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 日本合成化学工業株式会社 | 水溶性フィルム及び薬剤包装体 |
EP3348608A4 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2019-05-15 | The Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. | WATER-SOLUBLE FILM, PHARMACEUTICAL PACKAGING, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-SOLUBLE FILM |
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US20180245028A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
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