JP6784930B1 - 動力伝達機構 - Google Patents
動力伝達機構 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6784930B1 JP6784930B1 JP2019092617A JP2019092617A JP6784930B1 JP 6784930 B1 JP6784930 B1 JP 6784930B1 JP 2019092617 A JP2019092617 A JP 2019092617A JP 2019092617 A JP2019092617 A JP 2019092617A JP 6784930 B1 JP6784930 B1 JP 6784930B1
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- speed side
- rotation center
- power source
- clutch
- center axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H9/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members
- F16H9/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion
- F16H9/24—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by endless flexible members without members having orbital motion using chains or toothed belts, belts in the form of links; Chains or belts specially adapted to such gearing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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- B60Y2400/427—One-way clutches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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Abstract
Description
動力伝達機構の複数の動力源、減速機構、クラッチの配置、例えば、多段の遊星歯車機構を備えた複雑なものから、複数の駆動源を同軸に連結した単純なものまで、様々な構造のものが提案されており、複数の動力源、減速機構、クラッチの制御方法についても構造に関連して様々なものが提案されている。
特許文献1に記載(特許文献1の図1参照)の動力伝達機構は、第1モーター(16)とエンジン(20)との間に差動ギヤ部(22)が介在し、この差動ギヤ部(22)とエンジン(20)との間には第1ワンウェイクラッチ(26)が配置され、差動ギヤ部(22)内には第2ワンウェイクラッチ(28)が配置されている。
従減速ギヤ(24)の回転が車軸(30)に伝達されるとともに、車軸(30)には第2モーター(18)が連結されている。
第1モーター(16)の駆動によって第2駆動ピニオン傘歯車(34)を時計方向に回転させた場合、この動力は第1駆動ピニオン傘歯車(32)までのみ伝達されるがエンジン(20)には伝達されない。
エンジン(20)は時計方向に回転し、第1モーター(16)よりも速く回転した場合、動力は第1駆動ピニオン傘歯車(32)までのみ伝達され第2駆動ピニオン傘歯車(34)と第1モーター(16)までは伝達されない。
第1モーター(16)、エンジン(20)、第2モーター(18)を制御することで、駆動、回生を多様に制御することが可能となる。
このように高速回転する差動ギヤ部(22)で正確な差動動作を行わせるため、剛性や強度を充分に確保する必要があり、小型化することが難しいという問題があった。
また、減速機構が差動機構のみのため、減速比を大きくしようとすると、装置を小型化するのが困難となるという問題があった。
また、高速回転し、かつ、小型化が難しい差動ギヤ部(22)は、回転慣性力が大きく、回転数の変化に対するレスポンスが低くなるという問題があった。
また、第1モーター(16)とエンジン(20)との両方で駆動している際には、第1駆動ピニオン傘歯車(32)と第2駆動ピニオン傘歯車と第1従動傘歯車(36)と第2従動傘歯車が相対回転しないため、同じ歯が噛み合う状態が続くことでギヤ歯面の偏摩耗が発生し耐久性が劣るという問題があった。
また、減速機構を2つ有することで、小型で大きな減速比を得ることが可能となる。
また、2つの回転中心軸線を平行に配置することで、減速機構を簡単な構成で実現できるため小型化が可能で、回転慣性力も小さくできレスポンスに優れたものとすることが可能となる。
さらに、減速機構は常に相対回転しているので、摩耗が均一化され耐久性を向上できる。
また、第1クラッチと前記第2クラッチが、ワンウェイクラッチでありことにより、外部からのクラッチ制御を行うことなく動力源の回転制御のみで動力配分の制御が可能となる。
請求項3に記載の構成によれば、少なくとも2つの動力源が、少なくとも1つの電動モーターを含むことにより、駆動制御のレスポンスが向上するとともに、制動時の回生制御も可能となる。
請求項4に記載の構成によれば、少なくとも2つの動力源が、少なくとも1つの内燃機関を含むことにより、ハイブリット自動車の動力伝達機構に適用することができる。
請求項5に記載の構成によれば、第2動力源が、前記第2回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の高速側に第3クラッチを介して結合されていることにより、動力伝達機構自体を大型化したり、複雑化することなく、3つの動力源を用いることが可能となる。
本発明の第1実施形態に係る動力伝達機構100は、図1に示すように、第1動力源121、第2動力源122と、第1入出力軸141と、第1減速機構111、第2減速機構112と、第1クラッチ131、第2クラッチ132とを備えている。
第1減速機構111と第2減速機構112は、第1回転中心軸線101と第2回転中心軸線102の2つの共通する回転中心軸線を有している。
第2減速機構112は、高速側に第2回転中心軸線102上のスプロケット154と、低速側に第1回転中心軸線101上のスプロケット155とを有し、スプロケット154とスプロケット155との間にチェーンが掛け回されて構成されている。
第2動力源122はインバータ回路125で駆動される電動モーターで構成され、第2回転中心軸線102上で第2減速機構112の高速側に結合されている。
インバータ回路124、125は、制御装置103によって制御される。
第1入出力軸141は、第1回転中心軸線101上で第2減速機構112の低速側に結合されている。
第1減速機構111の高速側は、第1回転中心軸線101上で第2減速機構112の低速側と第1クラッチ131を介して結合され、第1減速機構111の低速側は、第2回転中心軸線102上で第2減速機構112の高速側と第2クラッチ132を介して結合されている。
このことで、第1減速機構111の高速側の回転速度が第2減速機構112の低速側の回転速度以上の場合、トルクの伝達はない。
第2クラッチ132は、第1減速機構111の低速側から第2減速機構112の高速側に向けてのトルクのみを伝達するワンウェイクラッチで構成されている。
このことで、第2減速機構112の高速側の回転速度が第1減速機構111の低速側の回転速度以上の場合、トルクの伝達はない。
なお、ワンウェイクラッチとして、正逆両方向の回転で一方からのトルク伝達のみを行うもの(「双方向ワンウェイクラッチ」、「ツーウェイクラッチ」等と称される)を採用することで、動力伝達の作用が正逆いずれの回転でも同じとなる。
第1動力源121を駆動して第1入出力軸141に回転トルクを伝達する場合、図2のFIG2Aに示すように、第1動力源121の駆動力は、第1減速機構111の高速側−第1減速機構111の低速側−第2クラッチ132−第2減速機構112の高速側−第2減速機構112の低速側−第1入出力軸141の順に伝達される。
この時、第2減速機構112の高速側と第2動力源122が連結されているため、第2動力源122にもトルクは伝わるが、第2動力源122をアイドル状態としておくことで、駆動力の消費はない。
また、第2動力源122も回転数を合わせて駆動することで、第1動力源121の駆動力を補強することも可能である。
この時、第2減速機構112の低速側の回転は、第1クラッチ131を介して第1減速機構111の高速側に伝達されるため、第1動力源121にもトルクは伝わるが、第1動力源121をアイドル状態としておくことで、駆動力の消費はない。
この時、第1動力源121や第2動力源122のいずれか、あるいは両方で発電することで、第1入出力軸141の回転に対して制動をかけることができる。
これらの動作は、制御装置103によって第1動力源121及び第2動力源122の駆動・回生を制御するだけでよく、その他の機構を動作させる行う必要はない。
第2動力源222の内燃機関のみを駆動して第1入出力軸241に回転トルクを伝達する場合、図4のFIG4Aに示すように、内燃機関である第2動力源222の駆動力は、第2減速機構212の高速側−第2減速機構212の低速側−第1入出力軸241の順に伝達される。
この時、第2減速機構212の低速側の回転は、第1クラッチ231を介して第1減速機構211の高速側に伝達されるため、電動モーターである第1動力源221にもトルクは伝わる。
電動モーターである第1動力源221をアイドル状態としておくことで、駆動力の消費はなく、内燃機関である第2動力源222の駆動力に余裕がある場合は、電動モーターである第1動力源221で発電を行ってもよい。
この時、第2減速機構212の高速側と第2動力源222が連結されているため、第2動力源222の回転数と合わせるように制御して駆動することで、電動モーターである第1動力源221の駆動力により、内燃機関である第2動力源222の駆動力をアシストすることが可能となる。
また、第2減速機構212の低速側−第1クラッチ231−第1減速機構211の高速側−第1動力源221の順にも伝達されるため、電動モーターである第1動力源221で発電することで、さらに制動力をアシストすることが可能となる。
この第1変形例に係る動力伝達機構200Bによれば、第1入出力軸241の回転の制動は電動モーターである第1動力源221の発電によってのみ行われ、エンジンブレーキによるエネルギーのロスを少なくすることが可能となる。
なお、第1クラッチ231や第2クラッチ232を制御装置203によってオンオフや滑り操作を可能に構成することで、さらに細かい制御を行ってもよい。
この第1変形例に係る動力伝達機構200Bによれば、電動モーターからなる第1動力源221と電動モーターからなる第3動力源223が第1減速機構211の高速側と低速側に直結され、異なる回転数で常に同時に回転することなる。
このことで、制御装置203によって、駆動・回生を2つの電動モーターに最適配分することが可能となり、駆動効率、回生効率のさらなる向上を図ることが可能となる。
例えば、各実施形態では、各クラッチをワンウェイクラッチとし、外部からの制御を行うことなく、様々なモードに切り替わるように構成されているが、制御装置103によってオンオフや滑りの制御が可能なクラッチを採用し、さらに多彩なモードの切り替えを可能としたり、円滑なモード移行を可能としてもよい。
さらに、各実施形態では、減速機構をチェーン伝動機構としたが、ベルト、歯車、油圧等、いかなる伝動機構であってもよく、それらを組み合わせたものであってもよい。
101、201 ・・・ 第1回転中心軸線
102、202 ・・・ 第2回転中心軸線
103、203 ・・・ 制御装置
111、211 ・・・ 第1減速機構
112、212 ・・・ 第2減速機構
121、221 ・・・ 第1動力源
122、222 ・・・ 第2動力源
223 ・・・ 第3動力源
124、224 ・・・ インバータ回路(第1動力源の)
125、 ・・・ インバータ回路(第2動力源の)
226 ・・・ インバータ回路(第2動力源の)
131、231 ・・・ 第1クラッチ
132、232 ・・・ 第2クラッチ
233 ・・・ 第3クラッチ
141、241 ・・・ 第1入出力軸
151、251 ・・・ スプロケット(第1減速機構の高速側)
152、252 ・・・ スプロケット(第1減速機構の低速側)
154、254 ・・・ スプロケット(第2減速機構の高速側)
155、255 ・・・ スプロケット(第2減速機構の低速側)
Claims (5)
- 第1動力源と第2動力源を含む少なくとも2つの動力源と、第1入出力軸を含む少なくとも1つの入出力軸と、第1減速機構と第2減速機構とを含む2つの減速機構と、第1クラッチと第2クラッチとを含む少なくとも2つのクラッチとを備えた動力伝達機構であって、
前記第1クラッチと前記第2クラッチが、ワンウェイクラッチであり、
第1減速機構と第2減速機構が、第1回転中心軸線と第2回転中心軸線を含む少なくとも2つの共通する回転中心軸線を有し、
前記第1動力源が、前記第1回転中心軸線上で前記第1減速機構の高速側に結合され、
前記第2動力源が、前記第2回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の高速側に結合され、
前記第1入出力軸が、前記第1回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の低速側に結合され、
前記第1減速機構の高速側が、前記第1回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の低速側と前記第1クラッチを介して結合され、
前記第1減速機構の低速側が、前記第2回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の高速側と前記第2クラッチを介して結合されていることを特徴とする動力伝達機構。 - 前記2つの減速機構の少なくとも1つが、スプロケットとチェーンから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動力伝達機構。
- 前記少なくとも2つの動力源が、少なくとも1つの電動モーターを含むことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の動力伝達機構。
- 前記少なくとも2つの動力源が、少なくとも1つの内燃機関を含むことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の動力伝達機構。
- 前記第2動力源が、前記第2回転中心軸線上で前記第2減速機構の高速側に第3クラッチを介して結合されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の動力伝達機構。
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EP20804828.0A EP3971016A4 (en) | 2019-05-16 | 2020-01-20 | POWER TRANSMISSION MECHANISM |
KR1020217029586A KR20220010709A (ko) | 2019-05-16 | 2020-01-20 | 동력 전달기구 |
PCT/JP2020/001730 WO2020230368A1 (ja) | 2019-05-16 | 2020-01-20 | 動力伝達機構 |
CN202080017834.7A CN113518731A (zh) | 2019-05-16 | 2020-01-20 | 动力传递机构 |
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-
2019
- 2019-05-16 JP JP2019092617A patent/JP6784930B1/ja active Active
-
2020
- 2020-01-20 WO PCT/JP2020/001730 patent/WO2020230368A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2020-01-20 KR KR1020217029586A patent/KR20220010709A/ko not_active Abandoned
- 2020-01-20 CN CN202080017834.7A patent/CN113518731A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-01-20 EP EP20804828.0A patent/EP3971016A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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2021
- 2021-11-15 US US17/526,140 patent/US20220074469A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CN113518731A (zh) | 2021-10-19 |
US20220074469A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
WO2020230368A1 (ja) | 2020-11-19 |
KR20220010709A (ko) | 2022-01-26 |
EP3971016A4 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
JP2020185934A (ja) | 2020-11-19 |
EP3971016A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
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