JP6777418B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device, and particularly relates to a seismic isolation device capable of responding to a large earthquake having a long vibration cycle.

As seismic isolation devices assuming a large earthquake, various types of seismic isolation devices for vertical vibration and horizontal vibration have been proposed, and devices that combine seismic isolation mechanisms corresponding to each of these directions have also been proposed. ing.

For example, the device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a vibration isolating device for vertical vibration in which a vibration isolating mechanism having a positive spring characteristic such as a spring and a control mechanism for generating a negative spring characteristic by electric control are arranged in series. Is. Further, the device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is a seismic isolation device that blocks vibration in the horizontal direction by floating air by ejecting compressed air from an air pad having a chamber space. Further, the seismic isolation device disclosed in Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4 is a three-dimensional seismic isolation device that combines a seismic isolation mechanism in the vertical direction and a seismic isolation mechanism in the horizontal direction.

JP-A-2007-107722 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-208131 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-12295 Japanese Patent No. 4706321

The vibration isolator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is intended to reduce compliance by combining a coil spring (positive spring) and a negative spring characteristic by electric control, and enhance the vibration isolation effect against vibration in the vertical direction. However, it cannot be held stably only by a normal negative spring. Therefore, we have to rely on electrical control. Therefore, there is a problem that the control system becomes complicated and it is necessary to rely on a large control force.

Therefore, as the first object of the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation device capable of dealing with vibration in the vertical direction of a large displacement and not relying on electrical control when generating negative spring characteristics. To do.

Further, since the seismic isolation device having the configuration disclosed in Patent Document 2 does not theoretically generate a reaction force, the seismic isolation effect against horizontal vibration is very high, but the air pad which is a slider is a base. A large chamber formed in a concave shape is provided on the surface facing the top plate. For this reason, the area where the air layer for ascent is formed (the area that contributes to ascent) becomes smaller, and when a heavy object is placed on the slider that is the seismic isolation part, it becomes unstable. There is a risk that it will end up. Therefore, in practice, the resistance to vertical vibration is weak, and it is considered that the combination with the seismic isolation device against vertical vibration is not feasible.

Based on these circumstances, the seismic isolation device disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4 is a complex seismic isolation device that combines a seismic isolation mechanism for vertical shaking and a seismic isolation mechanism for horizontal shaking. In each case, an air spring or a coil spring is used as the seismic isolation mechanism in the horizontal direction, and the combination with the air levitation mechanism having a high seismic isolation effect is not made.

Therefore, as a second object of the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a seismic isolation device capable of improving the stability of the air levitation mechanism and realizing a combination with a seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction.

In the seismic isolation device according to the present invention for solving at least a part of the above problems, both smooth surfaces of the base having the first smooth surface and the slider having the second smooth surface are arranged to face each other. An air levitation mechanism that ejects air between the two smooth surfaces to levitate the slider, and an air spring mounted on the upper part of the slider of the air levitation mechanism, which is composed of an elastic body. The air spring having a container and capable of adjusting the elastic force when the container is pressed in the vertical direction by the air stored in the container is provided, and the air spring is arranged vertically in series with the slider. It is characterized by that.

Further, as a seismic isolation device according to the present invention for solving at least a part of the above problems, a first link member and a second link member arranged parallel to and separated from the first link member are used. It has a third link member arranged in parallel between the first link member and the second link member, and a first tilting link is provided between the first link member and the third link member. A member was provided, and a second tilting link member was provided between the second link member and the third link member, and the separation distance between the first link member and the second link member was narrowed. At that time, the third link member is configured to move in parallel, one end is connected to the first tilt link member, and the other has an tilt angle in the same tilt direction as the first tilt link member. A first spring that connects an end to the first link member or the third link member, and one end to the second tilt link member are connected and tilted in the same inclination direction as the second tilt link member. A second spring having an angle and connecting the other end to the second link member or the third link member is provided to change the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring. Therefore, it is also possible to provide a link type spring having a configuration in which the magnitude of the force generated when the separation distance between the first link member and the second link member changes can be adjusted.

Further, the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned characteristics has a container made of an elastic body, and the elastic force when the container is pressed in the vertical direction by the air stored in the container can be adjusted. The air spring and the link type spring are arranged in parallel, and the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring constituting the link type spring is obtained by the link type spring as a negative spring. It may be set to the tilt angle.

According to the seismic isolation device having such a feature, the air spring acts as a positive spring, and the link type spring acts as a negative spring. Therefore, even if the stroke of the entire spring becomes large, it is possible to suppress an increase in the generated force.

Further, in the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned characteristics, a plurality of the link type springs are arranged in parallel, and the tilt angles of the first spring and the second spring in at least one of the link type springs are set. The tilt angle at which the link type spring obtains the characteristics as a positive spring is set, and the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring in the remaining link type spring is set so that the link type spring serves as a negative spring. It may be set to a tilt angle to obtain the characteristics.

According to the seismic isolation device having such a feature, it is not necessary to have a power such as an air supply means as a vertical seismic isolation mechanism. Further, even when the stroke of the entire spring is increased, the generated force can be suppressed.

Further, in the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned characteristics, the two smooth surfaces of the base having the first smooth surface and the two smooth surfaces of the slider having the second smooth surface are arranged so as to face each other. An air levitation mechanism that ejects air to levitate the slider and a link type spring may be provided between the two, and the link type spring may be arranged vertically in series with the slider.

According to the seismic isolation device having such a feature, the stability of the air levitation mechanism during movement can be improved, and the combination with the seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction can be realized.

Further, the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned characteristics may be provided with an air supply path for supplying the air stored in the container to the air levitation mechanism when the air levitation mechanism is operated.

According to the seismic isolation device having such a feature, it is not necessary to operate the air supply means when operating the air levitation mechanism. Therefore, the air levitation mechanism can be operated even during a power failure.

Further, in the seismic isolation device having the above-mentioned characteristics, when a plurality of the link type springs are arranged in parallel, the operating surfaces of the first tilting link member and the second tilting link member intersect with each other. It is desirable to arrange them in such a way.

According to the seismic isolation device having such a feature, the displacement between the first link member and the second link member is suppressed by the interaction of the plurality of link type springs. Therefore, the positions of the first link member and the second link member in the vertical direction can always be matched with respect to the vibration in the vertical direction.

Among the seismic isolation devices having the above-mentioned characteristics, those having a link type spring can cope with vertical vibration of a large displacement, and do not rely on electrical control when producing negative spring characteristics.

Further, the one having an air levitation mechanism can improve the stability of the air levitation mechanism during movement and can realize a combination with a seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of the air supply means in the seismic isolation device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of the air supply means in the seismic isolation device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 3rd modification of the air supply means in the seismic isolation device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state of the morphological change in the operating state of a link type spring. It is a figure for demonstrating the deviation of the 1st link member and the 2nd link member which occurs when the tilt angle of the 1st tilting link member and the 2nd tilting link member in a link type spring is different. It is a figure for demonstrating the arrangement form of each link type spring in the case of arranging a plurality of link type springs. It is a figure which shows the 1st modification of a link type spring. It is a figure which shows the 2nd modification of a link type spring. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the specific example of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the arrow view from the AA cross section in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the specific example of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the arrow view from the BB cross section in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the seismic isolation device which concerns on 6th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the seismic isolation device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Regarding the specific embodiment of each element shown in the embodiment, the change within the range in which the function can be exhibited does not affect the practice of the present invention.

[Aerodynamic levitation + air spring (normal spring)]
First, as shown in FIG. 1, the seismic isolation device 10 according to the first embodiment is a three-dimensional seismic isolation device that is basically composed of an air levitation mechanism 12 and an air spring 18. The air levitation mechanism 12 is a mechanism that has a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the horizontal direction, and the air spring 18 is a mechanism that has a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the vertical direction.

[Aerodynamic levitation mechanism]
The air levitation mechanism 12 according to the embodiment is configured based on the base 14 and the slider 16. It is desirable that the base 14 is a surface plate having a smooth surface 14a (first smooth surface) at least on the upper surface in the vertical direction. Further, although not shown, it is desirable that height adjusting means are provided at least at four corners so that the smooth surface 14a can be leveled with respect to the installation location. This is to prevent the slider 16 from moving due to gravity when the slider 16 is floated in the air.

The slider 16 plays a role of sliding on the smooth surface 14a formed on the base 14, and the structure 100 to be seismically isolated and the air spring 18 described in detail later are placed on the slider 16. It becomes. The slider 16 is for ejecting air between the smooth surface 16a (second smooth surface) formed on the surface facing the smooth surface 14a formed on the base 14 and the two facing smooth surfaces 14a and 16a. It is basically configured to have an air supply port 16b and an air supply path 16c for supplying air to the air ejection port 16b.

The air layer formed between the base 14 and the slider 16 can be made thin and highly rigid by forming a configuration in which no extra space serving as a chamber is provided around the air ejection port 16b. Therefore, when vibration in the vertical direction is applied, the amount of deformation is small even if the air layer is compressed, and it is possible to avoid a situation in which the slider 16 collides with the smooth surface 14a of the base 14. Therefore, even when a heavy object such as a structure 100 or a seismic isolation mechanism in the vertical direction is placed on the slider 16, the slider 16 can be stably levitated and exert its function. Even when an extra space serving as a chamber is provided around the air outlet 16b, the air layer formed between the base 14 and the slider 16 has high rigidity as described above. As long as it can be said, there is no possibility of hindering the effect in carrying out the present invention. Further, it is desirable that the base 14 and the slider 16 are made of members made of different materials. This is to prevent the two smooth surfaces 14a and 16a that are in close contact with each other from being adsorbed by the intermolecular force when the air levitation mechanism 12 is not operating.

[Air spring]
The air spring 18 is mounted on the upper part of the slider 16 constituting the above-mentioned air levitation mechanism 12, and is a mechanism responsible for seismic isolation against vibration in the vertical direction. The air spring 18 has a container 20 made of a flexible member such as a laminated member formed by sandwiching rubber or carcass with resin, and by a compression action of air supplied and stored in the container 20. It is a seismic isolation mechanism that acts as a buffer and seismic isolation. Therefore, even when the support load fluctuates, the stroke in the pressurizing direction due to the external force with respect to the support load and the elastic force when pressed can be controlled by adjusting the pressure in the container 20. .. Further, the container 20 may be a multi-stage bellows type having a plurality of constricted portions along the compression direction, and each constricted portion may be provided with an intermediate ring 22. By forming the intermediate ring 22 with a metal member having high breaking characteristics or the like, it is possible to avoid a situation in which only the central portion of the container 20 to which the compressed air is supplied expands in the compression direction. Further, by arranging the end plates 24 and 26 made of highly rigid metal or the like above and below the container 20, it is possible to prevent the upper and lower ends (portions to be flat) of the container 20 from expanding. .. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the end plate 24 arranged on the lower end side (slider 16 side) is provided with an air supply path 24a for supplying air into the container 20.

Since the air as the working fluid of the air spring 18 having such a configuration has compressibility, the fluctuation of the generated force can be made gentler with respect to the change of the stroke due to the external force as compared with the coil spring or the like. it can. Furthermore, due to the viscosity of the air, it is easy to exert a vibration damping effect. Further, the air spring 18 has a problem that it becomes easy to buckle when the stroke with respect to an external force is lengthened. However, by arranging the air spring 18 in series with the slider 16 in the air levitation mechanism 12, a seismic isolation effect against horizontal shaking can be obtained. , Buckling caused by horizontal shaking can be prevented.

[Air supply means]
An air supply means 28 is connected to the air levitation mechanism 12 and the air spring 18 as described above. The air supply means 28 is connected to each of the air levitation mechanism 12 and the air spring 18 via a pump 30, a surge tank 32, regulators (34a, 34b), stop valves (36a, 36b), and the like. The pump 30 is a means for pumping air to be supplied to the air levitation mechanism 12 and the air spring 18, and the surge tank 32 is a means for temporarily storing compressed air. By temporarily storing the air pumped by the pump 30 in the surge tank 32, it is possible to suppress the pulsation of the supplied air and stably supply the air. Further, the regulators (34a, 34b) are means for adjusting the pressure of the air supplied to the air levitation mechanism 12 and the air spring 18, and the stop valves (36a, 36b) open and close the air supply path. Is a means for.

In the case of the form shown in FIG. 1, the pump 30 is connected to the surge tank 32, and the air supply path from the surge tank 32 is branched into two paths. One path is a path connected to the air supply path 16c of the slider 16 in the air levitation mechanism 12. The other path is a path connected to the air supply path 24a provided on the end plate 24 on the lower end side constituting the air spring 18. A first regulator 34a and a second regulator, a first stop valve 36a, and a second stop valve 36b are provided in each path, respectively, to control the presence / absence of air supply to each element and the pressure control of the supply air. Is possible.

In the seismic isolation device 10 having such a configuration, when the first wave of an earthquake occurs, the first wave is detected by a sensor or the like (not shown), the stop valve 36b is opened, and the slider 16 is levitated. As a result, it becomes possible to exert a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the horizontal direction. The air supply to the air spring 18 may be controlled by an on / off control of the stop valve 36a so that the pressure inside the container 20 maintains a predetermined value by a pressure sensor or the like (not shown). This makes it possible to exert a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the vertical direction.

Further, although not shown, it has been conventionally practiced to add an auxiliary tank to the air spring 18 to increase the air volume and further reduce the spring rigidity. Further, in the above description, an example of using a regulator as a means for adjusting the pressure in response to a load in the vertical direction is given, but a contact-type level maintenance mechanism using a three-way valve called a leveling valve and a contact-type level maintenance mechanism are used. There is a method to do it without contact.

According to the seismic isolation device 10 having the above-mentioned characteristics, the stability of the air levitation mechanism 12 can be improved, and the combination with the seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction can be realized.

[Modification 1]
Further, in the above embodiment, for the air supply means 28, the air supply path from the surge tank 32 is branched into two paths, one path is connected to the air levitation mechanism 12, and the other path is connected to the air spring 18. In addition, it is described that the first regulator 34a and the second regulator 34b, the first stop valve 36a, and the second stop valve 36b are arranged in both paths, respectively. However, the air supply path of the air supply means 28 may be as shown in FIG.

Specifically, the first regulator 34a and the first stop valve 36a are arranged before the air supply path from the surge tank 32 is branched. Then, the air supply path located at the rear stage of the first stop valve 36a is branched into two paths, one path is connected to the air spring 18, and the other path is connected to the air levitation mechanism 12. Here, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the second regulator 34b and the second stop valve 36b are arranged only in the branch path connected to the air levitation mechanism 12.

In such a configuration, the air supply to the air levitation mechanism 12 is made up of the air spring 18. That is, when the second stop valve 36b is released, the compressed air stored in the air spring 18 is supplied to the air levitation mechanism 12, and the air levitation mechanism 12 exerts its function. In the case of such a configuration, the compressed air stored in the air spring 18 needs to be set to have a pressure higher than the air pressure for operating the air levitation mechanism 12. Further, it is desirable that the capacity of the compressed air stored in the air spring 18 is sufficiently larger than the amount of air consumed when the air levitation mechanism 12 is operated.

Even when the configuration of the air supply means 28 is such a configuration, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. Further, when the air supply means 28 has such a configuration, it is not necessary to operate the pump 30 when the air levitation mechanism 12 is temporarily operated. Therefore, the air levitation mechanism 12 can be operated even during a power failure.

[Modification 2]
Further, when the air is supplied to the air levitation mechanism 12 via the air spring 18, the configuration as shown in FIG. 3 can be used. In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the air supply paths, which were divided into two systems by branching at least a part of the pump 30 as a base point, are combined into one system. Specifically, the air supplied from the air supply path by the air supply means 28 is configured to be supplied to the container 20 constituting the air spring 18 via the air supply path 24a. Further, an air supply path 16d for supplying the air stored in the container 20 between the slider 16 and the base 14 is provided between the container 20 and the air levitation mechanism 12. With such a configuration, the air pressure control can be unified, and the management and adjustment of the supplied air can be facilitated.

In such a configuration, as can be read from FIG. 3, it is preferable that the effective area of the slider 16 in the air levitation mechanism 12 is larger than the effective area of the air spring 18. With such a configuration, the seismic isolation device 10 can be levitated. Further, in such a configuration, the air levitation mechanism 12 has a container 20 of the air spring 18 as a large air source in the vicinity thereof. Therefore, the stability at the time of ascent can be improved.

[Modification 3]
Further, the air supply path of the air supply means 28 may be as shown in FIG. Specifically, the first regulator 34a and the first stop valve 36a are arranged in the path between the pump 30 and the surge tank 32. The air supply path from the surge tank 32 is branched into two paths, one path is connected to the air spring 18, and the other path is connected to the air levitation mechanism 12. Here, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the second regulator 34b and the second stop valve 36b are arranged only in the branch path connected to the air levitation mechanism 12.

With such a configuration, the air spring 18 is always directly connected to the surge tank 32, and an effect similar to that of substantially increasing the procedure of compressed air can be obtained. Therefore, the fluctuation of the generated force generated in the load direction can be made gentler than that of the seismic isolation device 10 of the form shown in FIG.

Further, the air levitation mechanism is provided with compressed air stored in the air spring 18 including the surge tank 32 by opening the second stop valve 36b. Therefore, even when the configuration of the air supply means 28 is such a configuration, the same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained. Further, as in the above modification, the air levitation mechanism 12 can be operated even during a power failure.

[Aerodynamic levitation + link type spring (positive spring)]
Next, the seismic isolation device 10A according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The seismic isolation device 10A according to the present embodiment is also a device configured by combining an air levitation mechanism 12 and a seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction, similarly to the first seismic isolation device 10 described above. Therefore, the air levitation mechanism 12 having the same configuration will be designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[Link spring]
The difference from the seismic isolation device 10 according to the first embodiment is that the seismic isolation mechanism for vertical vibration, which was the air spring 18, is a link type spring 38. The link type spring 38 according to the embodiment includes a first link member 40, a second link member 42, a third link member 44, a first tilting link member 46, a second tilting link member 48, and a first spring 50. The configuration is based on the second spring 52.

The first link member 40 is a basic link arranged on the base 14 side (in this embodiment, the slider 16 side constituting the air levitation mechanism 12). The first link member 40 has a hinge portion 40a for rotatably connecting the first tilting link member 46, which will be described in detail later, and the first auxiliary tilting link member 54 arranged in parallel with the first tilting link member 46. , 40b are formed. Further, the second link member 42 is a foundation link arranged so as to be separated from the first link member 40, and the structure 100 to be seismically isolated is arranged on the surface opposite to the facing surface. Become. The second tilting link member 48 and the second auxiliary tilting link member 56 arranged in parallel with the second tilting link member 48 are also connected to the second link member 42 on the side facing the first link member 40. Hinge portions 42a and 42b for the purpose are formed.

The third link member 44 is a movable link that is arranged in parallel between the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 that are arranged apart from each other. The first tilting link member 46 and the first auxiliary tilting link are arranged on the third link member 44 so that the surface facing the first link member 40 and the surface facing the second link member 42 have a target arrangement. Hinge portions 44a1, 44b1 for connecting the members 54, respectively, and hinge portions 44a2, 44b2 for connecting the second tilting link member 48 and the second auxiliary tilting link member 56 are provided. Further, the third link member 44 is provided with hinge portions 44c1 and 44c2 for connecting the first spring 50 and the second spring 52, respectively.

Of the plurality of hinge portions, the hinge portions 44c1 and 44c2 for connecting the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 may have a configuration in which the tensile state of the spring can be adjusted. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of through holes 45a for arranging the connection portion 45 are provided, and the through holes 54a for arranging the connection portion 45 are changed. By changing the position where the connecting portion 45 is arranged, the expansion / contraction state in the natural state (static state on which the structure 100 or the like to be seismically isolated is placed) when the link type spring 38 is operated can be changed. This is so that it can be adjusted. Although not shown, the arrangement positions of the hinge portions 44c1 and 44c2 connecting the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 may be slidably adjustable. With such a configuration, for example, the arrangement position of the hinge portions 44c1, 44c2 can be changed only by rotating the adjusting bolt for adjusting the arrangement position of the hinge portions 44c1, 44c2.

The first tilting link member 46 and the first auxiliary tilting link member 54 are arranged between the first link member 40 and the third link member 44, respectively. Specifically, the first tilting link member 46 is connected to the hinge portion 40a of the first link member 40 and the hinge portion 44a1 of the third link member 44. Further, the first auxiliary tilting link member 54 is connected to the hinge portion 40b of the first link member 40 and the hinge portion 44b1 of the third link member 44. On the other hand, the second tilting link member 48 and the second auxiliary tilting link member 56 are arranged between the second link member 42 and the third link member 44. Specifically, the second tilting link member 48 is connected to the hinge portion 42a of the second link member 42 and the hinge portion 44a2 of the third link member 44. Further, the second auxiliary tilting link member 56 is connected to the hinge portion 42b of the second link member 42 and the hinge portion 44b2 of the third link member 44. The first tilting link member 46 and the second tilting link member 48 are provided with hinge portions 58a and 58b for connecting the first spring 50 and the second spring 52, respectively. Like the hinge portions 44c1 and 44c2, the hinge portions 58a and 58b are provided with a plurality of through holes 60a for arranging the connection portions 60, and adjust the force generated by the spring when the link type spring 38 is operated. It is a possible configuration.

The first spring 50 is arranged between the hinge portion 44c1 provided on the third link member 44 and the hinge portion 58a provided on the first tilting link member 46. Further, the second spring 52 is arranged between the hinge portion 44c2 provided on the third link member 44 and the hinge portion 58b provided on the second tilting link member 48. As described above, the link type spring 38 according to the present embodiment is configured to have a line-symmetrical shape with the third link member 44 as a base point.

Here, the distance between the hinges of the first tilting link member 46 and the first auxiliary tilting link member 54 is the same, and the distance between the hinges of the second tilting link member 48 and the second auxiliary tilting link member 56 is the same. Further, the first auxiliary tilt link member 54 and the second auxiliary tilt link member 56 are arranged in parallel with respect to the first tilt link member 46 and the second tilt link member 48, respectively. Therefore, the first link member 40, the second link member 42, and the third link member 44 maintain a parallel state regardless of the tilt angle of the first tilt link member 46 and the second tilt link member 48. Will be done. Therefore, when the separation distance between the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 is narrowed when the vibration in the vertical direction is received, the third link member 44 moves in parallel in the horizontal direction. Therefore, when the tilt angle of the first tilt link member 46 and the tilt angle of the second tilt link member 48 are the same, the vertical positions of the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 are the same.

[Operation of link type spring]
The link type spring 38 having the above configuration has a virtual horizontal line L passing through the hinge portion 44a2 (hinge portion 44a1) of the second tilting link member 48 (first tilting link member 46) and the hinge portion 44a2 (in a natural state). The smaller the angle θ formed by the straight line La passing through the connecting portion 60 (connecting portion 60) of the hinge portion 44a1) and the second spring 52 (first spring 50), the weaker the spring characteristic in the vertical direction as the link type spring 38. , It is possible to obtain the characteristics as a soft spring with a low natural frequency. Further, when θ is made small, the supporting load becomes small when the characteristics of the spring load with respect to the top and bottom of the upper surface plate (second link member 42) supported by the link are reversed and bent. Explaining this with reference to FIG. 5, the second spring while maintaining the torque generated by the spring by keeping the orthogonal distance d between the second spring 52 and the hinge portion 44a2 of the second tilting link member 48 substantially constant. The connecting portion 60, which is the point of action of the 52, gradually changes in the same manner as the angle change of the second tilting link member 48. At this time, the tensile displacement of the second spring 52 due to the angle θ becomes smaller, and when the second tilting link member 48 is moved toward a larger angle, the orthogonal distance d becomes larger and the spring torque increases. On the other hand, if the angle of the second tilting link member 48 is reduced, the orthogonal distance is reduced and the spring torque is reduced. In other words, it shows that pushing in the vertical direction reduces the generated force in the vertical direction, and pulling up increases the generated force in the vertical direction. This means that the characteristics are the opposite of the normal spring force action. From the above, it is possible to weaken the spring characteristic in the vertical direction as a characteristic of the link type spring 38 without affecting the shape in the natural state so much that the connection portion 60 is arranged in the through hole 60a that reduces the angle of θ. , The spring characteristics can be reversed (the inclination of the deflection load characteristics is reversed).

From the above, in the link type spring 38 according to the embodiment, a spring in which the spring characteristic (generated force) in the vertical direction is set to increase with respect to an increase in vertical deflection is referred to as a spring having a positive spring characteristic, and is called a vertical spring. A spring in which the spring characteristic (generated force) in the direction is set to be small with respect to an increase in vertical deflection is referred to as a spring having negative spring characteristic. The sorting of the positive spring characteristic and the negative spring characteristic at the time of addition is arbitrary, but in general, it may be sufficient to have a stable load holding characteristic as a system.

Therefore, in the link type spring 38 having the above configuration, the positive spring is formed by changing the connection portion of the second spring 52 (first spring 50) to the second tilting link member 46 (first tilting link member 46). It is possible to change whether it has a characteristic or a negative spring characteristic. When the connection positions of the third link member 44, the second spring 52, and the first spring 50 are changed, the increase or decrease of the generated force is simply adjusted. In this case, as a matter of course, the more the spring is connected to the side where it is pulled, the more the generated force increases. FIG. 6 shows the movement of the link type spring 38 having such a configuration in the operating state. In FIG. 6, FIG. 6A shows the natural state of the link spring. On the other hand, FIG. 6B shows a state in which the link type spring 38 is contracted, and FIG. 6C shows a state in which the link type spring 38 is extended. In either state, when the expansion and contraction states of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 are equal, it can be read that the vertical positions of the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 do not deviate. ..

In the seismic isolation device 10A having such a configuration, when the first wave of an earthquake is generated by a sensor means (not shown), the first wave is detected by a sensor (not shown), the stop valve 36a is opened, and the slider 16 is opened. Make it surface. As a result, it becomes possible to exert a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the horizontal direction. Then, the link type spring 38 exerts a seismic isolation effect against vibration in the vertical direction.

Even with the seismic isolation device 10A having the above-mentioned characteristics, the stability of the air levitation mechanism 12 can be improved, and a combination with the seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction can be realized. In the case of the seismic isolation device 10A having such a configuration, the air supply means 28 is connected only to the air levitation mechanism 12. Therefore, the configuration of the air supply path can be simplified as compared with the seismic isolation device 10 according to the first embodiment.

[About misalignment and multiple placement]
By the way, the link type spring 38 having such a configuration has a line-symmetrical arrangement configuration with the third link member 44 as a base point. However, as shown in FIG. 7, when the tilt angle θ1 of the first tilt link member 46 and the tilt angle θ2 of the second tilt link member 48 are different (the expansion and contraction states of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 are different). In the case), as shown by Δd in FIG. 7, the horizontal positions of the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 are displaced.

Therefore, it is desirable to arrange a plurality of the link type springs 38 according to the embodiment, and when a plurality of the link type springs 38 are arranged, as shown in FIG. 8, a straight line indicating the operating surface of the tilting link member ( For example, it is preferable to use an arrangement form in which the straight line L1 and the straight line L2) intersect. Further, when such an arrangement form is adopted, the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 are shared by a plurality of link type springs 38. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the straight lines (straight lines L1 and L2) indicating the operating surfaces of the link members tilted by the two link type springs 38 are arranged orthogonally to each other.

By adopting such an arrangement form, the deviation between the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 in one link type spring 38 is suppressed by the other link type spring 38. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the displacement between the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 in the link type spring 38.

[Modification example]
In the above embodiment, the link type spring 38 is configured such that the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 are both connected to the third link member 44. However, the arrangement and connection configuration of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 in the link type spring 38 may be as shown in FIG.

Specifically, in the above embodiment, the first tilting link member 46 and the second tilting link member 48 are arranged at the arrangement positions of the tilting link members used as the first auxiliary tilting link member 54 and the second auxiliary tilting link member 56. Then, the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 are connected to each other. In such a case, in order to match the tilting direction of the tilting link and the spring, the first spring 50 is connected to the first tilting link member 46 and the first link member 40, and the second spring 52 is connected to the second tilting link member 48. It is necessary to adopt a configuration for connecting to the second link member 42. Even with such a configuration, the function as the link type spring can be the same as that of the link type spring 38 shown in FIG.

Similarly, the one shown in FIG. 10 may be used. In the link type spring 38 of the form shown in FIG. 10, the first spring 50 is connected to the first tilting link member 46 and the first link member 40, and the second spring 52 is connected to the second tilting link member 48 and the third link member 44. The first tilting link member 46 and the second tilting link member 48 are arranged so as to be displaced from each other. Even in such a configuration, the above-mentioned link type spring is adjusted by adjusting the tilt angle of the spring so that the force generated by the first spring 50 and the force generated by the second spring 52 are equal. The same effect as 38 can be obtained.

[Air spring (positive spring) + link type spring (negative spring)]
Next, the seismic isolation device according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first and second embodiments, the air spring 18 and the link type spring 38 are shown as seismic isolation mechanisms against vibration in the vertical direction. Although these mechanisms have a seismic isolation function, they all have a function as a so-called positive spring in which the generated force increases according to the displacement based on the load. Therefore, when the displacement becomes large, it is considered that the repulsive force becomes strong.

On the other hand, the seismic isolation device 10B according to the present embodiment is a seismic isolation mechanism for vibration in the vertical direction, and relates to a seismic isolation device capable of reducing the change in the generated force with respect to the displacement amount based on the load. .. The seismic isolation device 10B for obtaining such characteristics includes an air spring 18 and a link type spring 38. Here, the basic configuration of both the air spring 18 and the link type spring 38 is the same as those described as the components of the seismic isolation devices 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments described above. Therefore, the parts having the same configuration are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The difference is the amount of displacement of the air spring 18 and the action of the link type spring 38. Therefore, the air spring 18 has a diameter smaller than that of the air spring 18 disclosed in the first embodiment, and the pressure inside the container 20 is reduced to increase the displacement amount (stroke) with respect to the load. It is said. Further, in the link type spring 38, the displacement amount is reduced by changing the position of the through hole 60a in which the connecting portion 60 of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52 is arranged to reduce the value of the angle θ (see FIG. 5). It is assumed that it acts as a so-called negative spring by reversing the rate of increase of the generated force. Therefore, the link type spring 38 according to the present embodiment has a lower natural frequency than the link type spring 38 used in the seismic isolation device 10A according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the end plates 24 and 26 of the air spring 18 and the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 of the link type spring are shared as the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 64. There is.

According to the seismic isolation device 10B having such a configuration, it is possible to cope with vibration accompanied by a larger vertical displacement than before, and the link type spring 38 relies on electrical control when producing negative spring characteristics. The configuration can be simplified without any problem.

[Link type spring (positive spring + negative spring)]
Next, the seismic isolation device according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the seismic isolation device 10B according to the third embodiment, the seismic isolation device 10C according to the present embodiment also has a mechanism having a so-called positive spring characteristic and a mechanism having a negative spring characteristic in a vertical direction. It is a seismic isolation device against vibration.

The differences from the seismic isolation device 10B according to the third embodiment are as follows. That is, the seismic isolation device 10B according to the third embodiment adopts a configuration in which an air spring 18 is adopted as a mechanism having so-called positive spring characteristics and a link type spring 38 is adopted as a mechanism having negative spring characteristics. Was there. On the other hand, the seismic isolation device 10 according to the present embodiment includes both a mechanism having a positive spring characteristic and a mechanism having a negative spring characteristic by a link type spring 38. In FIG. 12, for convenience, the link type spring having a positive spring characteristic is referred to as a link type spring 38a, and the link type spring having a negative spring characteristic is referred to as a link type spring 38b. Further, the first link member 40 and the second link member 42 are shared by two link type springs 38a and 38b, respectively, and are shown as the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 64, respectively.

The difference between the case where the link type spring 38 has the positive spring characteristic and the case where the link type spring 38 has the negative spring characteristic is that, as described above, the first spring is different due to the difference in the connection form between the first spring 50 and the second spring 52. The purpose is to make the tilt angle of the 50 and the second spring 52 and the value of the angle θ (see FIG. 5) different. Therefore, in the seismic isolation device 10C according to the present embodiment, a link type spring having the same configuration can be adopted for both the link type spring 38a having the positive spring characteristic and the link type spring 38b having the negative spring characteristic. Specifically, a through hole 60a for arranging the connecting portion 60 is defined so that the angle θ of the link type spring 38b having the negative spring characteristic is smaller than that of the link type spring 38a having the positive spring characteristic. ing. It should be noted that such a setting change substantially changes the tilt angles of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52.

The seismic isolation device 10C having such a configuration can change the generated force with respect to displacement by adjusting the connection position of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52. Therefore, the same effect as that of the seismic isolation device 10B according to the third embodiment can be obtained. Further, since the seismic isolation device according to the present embodiment does not require the air supply means 28, the device configuration can be simplified.

[Concrete example]
When the seismic isolation device 10C including a plurality of link type springs 38 (38a, 38b) is configured, if the operating surfaces of the tilting link members in the plurality of link type springs 38 are made parallel, as described above, the first link member 40 There is a possibility that a deviation Δd (see FIG. 7) may occur in the horizontal positions of the first link plate 62 corresponding to the above and the second link plate 64 corresponding to the second link member 42.

Therefore, when a plurality of link type springs 38 are provided, the link type springs 38 (the link type springs 38) are provided along the four sides of the first link plate 62 (second link plate 64) formed in a rectangular shape as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. 38a, 38b) may be arranged so that the tilting directions of the tilting link members of the plurality of link springs 38 (38a, 38b) are orthogonal to each other. This is because by arranging the plurality of link type springs 38 (38a, 38b) in this way, it is possible to suppress the deviation Δd generated between the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 64. Note that FIG. 13 is a side view showing a specific configuration of the seismic isolation device 10C according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 14 is a view showing an arrow view from the AA cross section in FIG.

Further, as described above, in the link type spring 38, the positive spring characteristic and the negative spring characteristic can be changed by changing the arrangement state of the first spring 50 and the second spring 52. Therefore, in the seismic isolation device 10C having the form shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the link type springs 38 arranged adjacent to each other along the same side of the first link plate 62 (second link plate 64) are respectively. It can be configured to have a positive spring characteristic and a negative spring characteristic (the form shown in FIG. 14), and the positive spring characteristic and the negative spring characteristic are set for each of the link type springs 38 arranged on the orthogonal sides. It can also be configured to be different. In addition, in the form shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, two link type springs 38 are arranged on each side of the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 63 formed in a rectangular shape. However, the number of link type springs 38 arranged on each side may be changed according to the specifications such as the load capacity of the seismic isolation device 10C. For example, the number of link type springs 38 arranged on each side may be one, or may be increased to three or four.

[Aerodynamic levitation + air spring (positive spring) + link type spring (negative spring)]
Next, the seismic isolation device according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The seismic isolation device 10D according to the present embodiment is a combination of a seismic isolation mechanism for horizontal vibration and a seismic isolation mechanism for vertical vibration, and is exempt from the first to third embodiments described above. The seismic isolation devices 10, 10A, and 10B are comprehensively combined. Therefore, the parts having the same configuration are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

That is, the air levitation mechanism 12 is adopted as the seismic isolation mechanism against the vibration in the horizontal direction. Further, as a seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction, an air spring 18 is adopted as a mechanism having a positive spring characteristic, and a link type spring 38 is adopted as a mechanism having a negative spring characteristic.

According to the seismic isolation device 10D having such a configuration, the stability of the air levitation mechanism 12 is improved and the vibration in the vertical direction is resisted, similarly to the seismic isolation devices 10 and 10A according to the first and second embodiments. A combination with a seismic isolation mechanism can be realized. Further, as in the seismic isolation device 10B according to the third embodiment, it is possible to cope with vertical vibration of a large displacement, and it is not necessary to rely on electrical control when generating negative spring characteristics, and complicated control is possible. It becomes unnecessary.

[Concrete example]
Here, the form shown in FIG. 15 has a configuration in which the air levitation mechanism 12 is combined with the vertical seismic isolation mechanism in which one link type spring 38 and one air spring 18 are combined. On the other hand, with respect to the vertical seismic isolation mechanism, when a plurality of link type springs 38 and a plurality of air springs 18 are combined in consideration of mechanical balance, an increase in load capacity, etc., FIGS. 16 and 17 are shown. It can be configured as follows. Note that FIG. 16 is a side view showing a specific configuration of the seismic isolation device 10D according to the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 17 is a view showing an arrow view from a cross section taken along the line BB in FIG.

First, the arrangement form of the link type spring 38 can be the same as the mechanism according to the specific example of the seismic isolation device 10C according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. The difference is that in the present embodiment, all of the plurality of link type springs 38 are configured to have the characteristics of a negative spring (in relation to the spring constant of the air spring 18 that functions as a positive spring). A part of the link type spring 38 may have a characteristic as a positive spring).

Then, a portion between the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 64, which is a surplus space after the link type spring 38 is arranged (in the form shown in FIG. 17, with the first link plate 62). A plurality of air springs 18 may be arranged at the four corners of the second link plate 64).

Further, the air levitation mechanism 12 is loaded on the ratio of the effective area of the slider 16 to the air ejection amount and the upper surface side of the slider 16 with respect to the air supply path 16c for supplying air between the slider 16 and the base 14. A plurality of air supply paths 16c may be provided for the slider 16 in consideration of the weight balance of the load and the like.

In addition, also in the form shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, two link type springs 38 are arranged on each side of the first link plate 62 and the second link plate 64 formed in a rectangular shape. As with the seismic isolation device 10C shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, it goes without saying that even if the number of link type springs 38 arranged on each side is changed, it can be regarded as a part of the present invention. ..

[Aerodynamic levitation + link type spring (positive spring + negative spring)]
Next, the seismic isolation device according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the seismic isolation device 10D according to the fifth embodiment described above, the seismic isolation device 10E according to the present embodiment also has horizontal seismic isolation by the air levitation mechanism 12, a mechanism having positive spring characteristics, and negative spring characteristics. It is a combination of vertical seismic isolation mechanisms by a combination of mechanisms having.

The difference from the seismic isolation device 10D according to the fifth embodiment is that the seismic isolation device 10C according to the fourth embodiment is adopted as the seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction. That is, a seismic isolation mechanism against vibration in the vertical direction is configured by a link type spring 38a having a positive spring characteristic and a link type spring 38b having a negative spring characteristic.

Even with the seismic isolation device 10E having such a configuration, the same effect as that of the seismic isolation device 10D according to the fifth embodiment can be obtained.

10, 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E ………… Seismic isolation device, 12 ………… Air levitation mechanism, 14 ………… Base, 14a ………… Smooth surface, 16 ………… Slider, 16a ………… Smooth Surface, 16b ……… Air outlet, 16c ……… Air supply path, 16d ……… Air supply path, 18 ……… Air spring, 20 ……… Container, 22 ……… Intermediate ring, 24 ……… End plate, 24a ……… Air supply path, 26 ……… End plate, 28 ……… Air supply means, 30 ……… Pump, 32 ……… Surge tank, 34a ……… First regulator, 34b …… … Second regulator, 36a ……… 1st stop valve, 36b ……… 2nd stop valve, 38, 38a, 38b ……… Link type spring, 40 ……… 1st link member, 40a, 40b ……… Hinge part, 42 ……… 2nd link member, 42a, 42b ……… Hinge part, 44 ……… Third link member, 44a1, 44b1, 44a2, 44b2, 44c1, 44c2 ……… Hinge part, 45 ………… … Connection part, 45a ……… Through hole, 46 ……… 1st tilting link member, 48 ……… 2nd tilting link member, 50 ……… 1st spring, 52 ……… 2nd spring, 54 …… … 1st auxiliary tilt link member, 56 ……… 2nd auxiliary tilt link member, 58a, 58b ……… hinge part, 60 ……… connection part, 60a ……… through hole, 62 ……… 1st link plate , 64 ……… Second link plate, 100 ……… Structure.

Claims (7)

Both smooth surfaces of the base having the first smooth surface and the slider having the second smooth surface are arranged to face each other, and air is ejected between the two smooth surfaces arranged to face each other to raise the slider. Floating mechanism and
An air spring mounted on the upper part of the slider of the air levitation mechanism, which has a container made of an elastic body, and when the container is pressed in the vertical direction by the air stored in the container. Equipped with an air spring that can adjust the elastic force of
The air spring is arranged vertically in series with the slider ,
A seismic isolation device characterized in that an air supply path for supplying air stored in the container to the air levitation mechanism is provided when the air levitation mechanism is operated . A first link member, a second link member arranged parallel to and separated from the first link member, and a third link arranged in parallel between the first link member and the second link member. It has a member, a first tilting link member is provided between the first link member and the third link member, and a first tilting link member is provided between the second link member and the third link member. The two tilting link members are provided, and when the separation distance between the first link member and the second link member is narrowed, the third link member moves in parallel, and the first tilting link member has one side. A first spring that connects the ends of the first link member and has an inclination angle in the same inclination direction as the first tilt link member, and connects the other end to the first link member or the third link member. One end is connected to the second tilting link member, and the other end has a tilting angle in the same tilting direction as the second tilting link member, and the other end is connected to the second link member or the third link member. A second spring is provided to
By changing the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring, the magnitude of the force generated when the separation distance between the first link member and the second link member changes can be adjusted. A seismic isolation device characterized by being equipped with a link type spring. An air spring having a container made of an elastic body and capable of adjusting an elastic force when the container is pressed in the vertical direction by air stored in the container and a link type spring are arranged in parallel. And
The second aspect of claim 2, wherein the tilt angles of the first spring and the second spring constituting the link type spring are set to tilt angles at which the link type spring obtains the characteristics as a negative spring. Seismic isolation device. A plurality of the link type springs are arranged in parallel, and the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring in at least one link type spring is set to the tilt angle at which the link type spring obtains the characteristics as a positive spring. The claim is characterized in that the tilt angle of the first spring and the second spring in the remaining link spring is set to a tilt angle at which the link spring obtains the characteristics as a negative spring. Item 2. The seismic isolation device according to item 2. Both smooth surfaces of the base having the first smooth surface and the slider having the second smooth surface are arranged to face each other, and air is ejected between the two smooth surfaces arranged to face each other to raise the slider. Floating mechanism and
With the link type spring
The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the link type spring is arranged vertically in series with the slider. Wherein when operating the air floating mechanism, seismic isolation according to claim 5 including the請Motomeko 3 you, characterized in that the air stored in the container provided with the air supply path for supplying to the air floating mechanism apparatus. Claims 2 to 5 are characterized in that when a plurality of the link type springs are arranged in parallel, they are arranged so that the operating surfaces of the first tilting link member and the second tilting link member intersect with each other. The seismic isolation device according to any one of the above.

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