JP6677309B2 - Bogies for railway vehicles, railway vehicles and trains - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railcar bogie capable of reducing noise generated from wheels, brake discs, and bogies during running, and reducing the adhesion of snow on a track to a bogie in winter. The present invention relates to a railway vehicle provided with a trolley, and a train formed by the railway vehicle. Hereinafter, the term “railroad vehicle” in the present specification includes not only a single railcar but also a railroad vehicle that has been trained.

Environmental noise generated from railway vehicles during traveling is classified into the following three types.
(1) Aerodynamic noise, spark noise, and sliding noise generated from pantographs.
(2) Aerodynamic noise generated from the upper part of the vehicle body.
(3) Noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body.

  The environmental noise increases as the speed of the railway vehicle increases. However, the aerodynamic noise generated from the pantograph of (1) has been reduced at present due to the development of a low-noise pantograph and the like. The aerodynamic noise generated from the upper part of the vehicle body in (2) has also been improved by the development of the vehicle body shape.

  For this reason, the ratio of the noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body in (3) relatively increases in the environmental noise, and a countermeasure has been required in recent years.

The noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body in (3) includes the following four types.
a) Rolling noise generated from wheels.
b) Wind noise generated from the brake disc.
c) Aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie.
d) Gear mesh noise generated by the drive unit.
Among them, countermeasures against the meshing noise of the gears in d) are being studied sequentially.

  Therefore, the present inventors, among the noise generated from the lower part of the vehicle body of (3), in particular, a) rolling noise generated from the wheels, b) wind noise generated from the brake disk, and c) We considered the countermeasures for the aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie.

  As a technique for improving the environmental noise of the above (3) a) to c), a method of suppressing aerodynamic noise by installing a mesh member or a side plate member on a vehicle body, improving a sound absorbing characteristic of a panel or a cover installed on the vehicle body, Alternatively, a method of enlarging the sound absorbing area is generally adopted (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 4).

  Patent Document 1 discloses that a mesh member attached to a vehicle body covers the front and rear of the truck, and a side plate member attached to the vehicle body covers sides of the truck, thereby reducing aerodynamic noise such as wind noise generated from the vicinity of the truck. Suppression techniques are described.

  In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses that rolling noise generated around a contact point between a wheel and a rail is controlled by controlling the vertical movement of a soundproof cover installed at a lower portion of an outer plate on both sides of a vehicle body of a railway vehicle. There is described a technique for suppressing the leakage of the compound to prevent its diffusion.

  Patent Literature 3 discloses a technique in which a sound absorbing material is provided between a floor of a vehicle body and a rail to improve sound absorbing characteristics and reduce rolling noise radiated around the rail. Patent Literature 3 discloses a diagram in which an underfloor side plate attached to a vehicle body covers an underfloor side surface of a vehicle body excluding a wheel portion (see FIGS. 2, 5, and 6 of Patent Literature 3).

  Patent Document 4 discloses that by installing a sound absorbing material in each of a side skirt portion, a front and rear closing portion, and a bottom closing portion which form a closed underfloor space in a lower part of a vehicle body, the sound absorbing characteristics are excellent even in a low temperature region. A technique for obtaining a vehicle body structure is described. Patent Literature 4 describes that a side surface of a truck is covered with a truck cover (see paragraph 0033, FIGS. 1A and 1B).

  Patent Literature 5 discloses a technique for reducing the noise by covering the wheels from the outside with a case disposed on a vehicle body, thereby concentrating noise generated by a bogie on barriers disposed on both sides of a track. .

  In general, in order to achieve both stability when traveling on a straight section and passing performance when traveling on a curved section, a railway vehicle generally connects a bogie and a vehicle body with a yaw damper. At this time, a plurality of yaw dampers may be installed on both sides of the vehicle in order to ensure a sound operation even if the yaw damper breaks down and further secure safety.

  Further, since the axle is mounted on the bogie via the bearing, the axle box containing the bearing, and the axle box support device for supporting the axle box, it is of utmost importance to ensure their safety. Furthermore, in order to ensure running stability during high-speed running, the dimensions of the bearing, the axle box, and the axle box support device may be larger than before.

  Therefore, when the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 to 5 are applied to reduce rolling noise generated from wheels, wind noise generated from a brake disk, and aerodynamic noise generated from a bogie, the following problems arise. Exists.

  That is, a net-like member and a side plate member described in Patent Document 1, a soundproof cover described in Patent Document 2, an underfloor side plate described in Patent Document 3, a bogie cover described in Patent Document 4, and a document described in Patent Document 5. All of the cases described above are installed on the vehicle body.

  Therefore, the main components (bearing, axle box, axle box support device) of the bogie located inside the mesh member, the side plate member, the soundproof cover, the underfloor side plate, the bogie cover, and the case, and the dimensions of the yaw damper connecting the bogie to the vehicle body, There are significant restrictions on placement. Therefore, high-speed stability of the vehicle, passing performance when traveling on a curved section, and safety are sacrificed. In particular, a vehicle traveling on a conventional line section has a more remarkable restriction because the vehicle has a small cross section.

  In addition, Patent Documents 1 to 3 do not describe or suggest that air entering the bogie section suppresses aerodynamic noise generated by colliding with components of the bogie. The technique described in Patent Document 5 reduces the noise in cooperation with barriers arranged on both sides of the track. Therefore, the effect of reducing the noise cannot be expected simply by covering the wheels from the outside with the case arranged in the vehicle body.

  Therefore, the applicant has taken no measures to reduce the size and arrangement of the components of the bogie, and has taken noise reduction measures to ensure stability during normal running and high-speed running, passing performance during curved section running, and safety. The disclosed railway vehicle bogie is disclosed in Patent Document 6.

  However, the technology disclosed by the applicant in Patent Document 6 does not consider the aerodynamic noise generated from the truck of (3) c).

  Patent Literature 7 describes a technique for protecting the components of the truck by covering the front and side of the front end of the truck with a guard plate having a front plate portion and a side plate portion. It is considered that this guard plate is also effective in suppressing noise generated from the bogie.

  However, since Patent Document 7 is directed to a tram, the side plate portions of the guard plate attached to the bogie frame are provided at substantially the same positions as both end surfaces of the bolster (see FIG. 10). . Therefore, there is a problem similar to the case where the side plate portion is attached to the vehicle body.

JP 2005-262962 A JP-A-1-132462 JP 2001-26267 A JP 2006-290054 A JP-A-8-268274 JP 2015-166238 A Japanese Patent No. 5256208

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the techniques described in Patent Literatures 1 to 5 are greatly restricted by the dimensions and arrangement of main components (bearing, axle box, axle box support device) and a yaw damper of a bogie. Is a point. Further, the technology disclosed in Patent Document 6 does not consider the aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie. Further, the technique described in Patent Document 7 also has the same problem as the case where the side plate is attached to the vehicle body.

  It is an object of the present invention to effectively reduce the aerodynamic noise generated from a bogie and the adhesion of snow accumulated on a track in winter to the bogie, in addition to the effects of the technology disclosed in Patent Document 6.

The present invention
In a bogie frame, a bogie for a railway vehicle including a axle box supported by the bogie frame and a wheelset supported by the axle box,
A cover that covers only the front end of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction and both ends of the wheel shaft on the front end inside the bogie frame is attached to the front end of the bogie frame. When viewed from the front side in the direction, the vertical length of the cover on the front end side is such that at least the wheels forming the axle box and the wheelset on the front end side are hidden by the cover on the front end side and cannot be seen. The upper end position, the length in the left-right direction of the cover on the front end side is a width such that at least the axle box and the wheels on the front end side are hidden from view by the cover on the front end side,
Alternatively, in addition to the cover attached to the front end, a cover that covers only the rear end of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction and both ends of the wheelset on the rear end inside the bogie frame is provided on the rear end. When the cover on the rear end side is viewed from the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction, the length of the cover on the rear end side in the vertical direction is at least the axle box and the wheels on the rear end side. The upper end position is hidden by the cover on the end side and cannot be seen, and the length in the left-right direction of the cover on the rear end side is at least the axle box and the wheel on the rear end side are the cover on the rear end side. The most important feature is to make the width so that it can not be hidden behind .

  According to the present invention, since the cover is attached to the truck, there is no great restriction on the main components of the truck (bearing, axle box, axle box support device) and the size and arrangement of the yaw damper connecting the bogie to the vehicle body.

  Further, since both ends of the wheel axle are covered by the cover inside the bogie frame, it is possible to effectively shield the rolling noise of the wheels and the wind noise radiated from the brake disc to reduce environmental noise.

  In addition, since the front end or the front and rear ends of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction are covered with the cover, the air colliding with the components of the bogie can be suppressed, and the aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie can be reduced. In addition, the cover can also reduce the snow that has accumulated on the track in winter and adhere to the carriage.

  Further, in the present invention, if a portion of the cover that covers both ends of the wheel set also serves as a portion for attaching the cover to the bogie, the configuration of the cover can be simplified.

  At this time, if the cover is attached to the axle box disposed below the shaft spring, a large vertical displacement does not occur unlike the case where the cover is attached to a bogie frame that can be moved up and down by the shaft spring. Therefore, the vehicle limit area can be widely used and can be covered by the lower part of the vehicle. When the cover is attached to the rear lid of the axle box, an existing axle box can be used.

  Further, in the present invention, if the cover is configured to be divided in the width direction of the bogie, workability at the time of attaching the cover can be improved.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, without imposing restrictions on the dimensions and arrangement of the components of the bogie, it is generated from the wheels while ensuring stability during normal running or high-speed running, passing performance during curved section running, and safety. Rolling noise and wind noise radiated from the brake disk can be reduced.

  Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the above effects, aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie can be reduced. Further, it is possible to reduce the snow that has accumulated on the track in winter and adheres to the bogie.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which looked at the bogie for railroad vehicles of 1st this invention, and the railroad vehicle provided with this bogie from the upper direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which looked at the bogie for railroad vehicles of 1st this invention, and the railroad vehicle provided with this bogie from the side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the figure which looked at the bogie for railroad vehicles of 1st this invention, and the railroad vehicle provided with this bogie from the front. It is the detailed view which showed the attachment part to the trolley | bogie of the cover attached to the trolley | bogie for railway vehicles of 1st this invention from diagonally upper direction. It is the detailed view which showed the attachment part to the trolley | bogie of the cover attached to the trolley | bogie for railway vehicles of 1st this invention from the upper direction. It is an expansion perspective view of the attachment part to the bogie of the cover attached to the bogie for railway vehicles of the 1st invention. It is the figure which looked at the bogie for railroad vehicles of the 2nd present invention, and the railcar provided with this bogie from the upper part. It is the figure which looked at the bogie for rail vehicles of the 2nd present invention, and the rail car equipped with this bogie from the side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a train according to the present invention in which a railway vehicle according to the present invention is formed. FIG. Only the trailing bogie of the trailing vehicle is the bogie for railway vehicles of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the bogie for rail vehicles of the 3rd present invention, and the rail car provided with this bogie from the upper part.

  The object of the present invention is to ensure stability during normal running and high speed running, passing performance during curved section running, and safety while securing rolling noise generated from wheels and wind noise generated from brake discs. Another object of the present invention is to reduce the aerodynamic noise generated from the truck and the adhesion of snow on the track to the truck.

  The object is achieved by attaching a cover that covers both ends of the wheel axle inside the bogie frame and covers a front end or a front and rear end of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 6 are views for explaining the first invention, FIGS. 1 to 3 are diagrams of a railcar bogie and a railroad vehicle provided with the bogie, and FIGS. FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion where the cover is attached to the cart.

  Reference numeral 1 denotes a bogie for a railway vehicle, on which a wheel set 3 is disposed in front and rear of a bogie frame 2 in the vehicle traveling direction. The wheel axles 3 are rotatably supported at both ends of an axle 3a constituting the wheel axle 3 by bearings provided inside the axle box 4, and rotate forward and reverse through a main motor 5 and a gear reduction device 6, respectively. It is configured as follows. The shaft box 4 is attached to the bogie frame 2 via a shaft spring 7 and a shaft box support device 8.

  The bogie frame 2 is provided with a brake device 9 for applying a braking force to the wheels 3b constituting the wheel shaft 3, a yaw damper 10 for preventing snake action, and both sides in the width direction of a central portion in the vehicle traveling direction to support the vehicle body 11. The air spring 12 and the like are also arranged. One of the yaw dampers 10 is attached to the vehicle body 11.

  According to the present invention, while traveling, the bogie frame 2, the wheel axle 3, the axle box 4, the main motor 5, the gear reduction device 6, the axle spring 7, the axle box support device 8, the brake device 9, the yaw damper 10, and the air spring 12 Is a first feature. Therefore, in the first example, the front and rear ends of the bogie 1 in the vehicle traveling direction are covered with the covers 13.

  In order to prevent air from hitting the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the truck 1 as much as possible during traveling, the length (height) of the cover 13 when attached to the truck 1 in the vertical direction, and It is desirable to determine the length (width) in the left-right direction as follows.

A) Height of cover 13 (top position)
When the cover 13 attached to the trolley 1 is viewed from the front side in the vehicle traveling direction, the height is set so that the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the trolley 1 are hidden by the cover 13 and cannot be seen. Alternatively, the height is set so that the direction of flow of the air that hits the cover 13 during traveling changes so that the air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the truck 1.

B) Height of cover 13 (position of lower end)
The lower end of the height of the cover 13 is the vehicle limit. The vehicle limit generally means upper, lower, left and right limits that the outline of the cross-sectional shape of the railway vehicle 14 installed on the horizontal straight track must not exceed. However, in the present invention, it means the distance from the lower limit in the vertical direction to the track 15. The specific numerical value differs depending on the railway vehicle 14 to be applied.

  Therefore, when the cover 13 is attached to the axle box 4 located below the shaft spring 7, a large vertical displacement does not occur as in the case where the cover 13 is attached to the bogie frame 2 that can be moved up and down by the shaft spring 7. The limit area can be widely used.

  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, if the cover 13 is bolted to the rear lid (the lid on the inner side in the width direction of the bogie 1) 4a of the axle box 4, the existing axle box 4 can be used. Can be.

  The shape of the cover 13 as viewed from the side of the cart 1 is not particularly limited, but is desirably a shape that does not increase the air resistance during traveling, for example, a streamlined shape. In order to prevent air from hitting the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 during traveling, the shape of the air flow direction is changed as shown in FIGS. An example is shown. However, the shape is not limited to the shapes shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 as long as the shape can change the flow direction of the air so that the air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the truck 1.

C) Width of Cover 13 When the cover 13 attached to the carriage 1 is viewed from the front side in the vehicle traveling direction, the width of the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1 is set so that they are hidden by the cover 13 and cannot be seen. Alternatively, the width is set such that the air flows on the cover 13 during running and the flow direction changes, and does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the truck 1.

  The shape of the cover 13 as viewed from above the carriage 1 is not particularly limited, but is preferably a shape that does not increase the air resistance during traveling, for example, a streamlined shape. In the first example, the width of the central portion in the width direction is shifted from the bogie 1 to the vehicle from both sides so that the air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the bogie 1 during traveling. The figure shows that the air protrudes forward and backward in the traveling direction and air flows left and right in the width direction. However, the shape is not limited to the shape shown in the first example as long as the shape can change the flow direction of the air so that the air does not hit the components 2 to 10 and 12 of the carriage 1.

  The second feature of the present invention is that the cover 13 further covers both ends of the wheel shaft 3 inside the bogie frame 2. For example, in the first example, the plate portions of the left and right wheels 3b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9a installed on the wheels 3b are covered from the outside in the width direction of the bogie 1. It is needless to say that when the brake disc is not installed on the wheel, the cover 13 covers only the plate portion of the wheel.

  When portions of the cover 13 that cover both ends of the wheel set 3 also serve as attachment portions 13a to the trolley 1, since the attachment portions 13a to the trolley 1 are not separately required, the configuration of the cover 13 can be simplified. In the first example, the portion of the cover 13 that also serves as the mounting portion 13a for the truck 1 is a portion that covers the vicinity of the plate portions of the left and right wheels 3b and the brake disc 9a from the outside in the width direction of the truck 1.

  As in the first example, when a portion covering the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9a also serves as an attachment portion 13a to the carriage 1, for example, the cover 13 may be attached to the rear cover 4a of the axle box 4. (See FIGS. 2, 4, and 6).

  The range in which the cover 13 covers both ends of the wheel set 3, for example, in the first example, the range in which the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disc 9a are excluded from the vehicle limit is excluded from the vehicle limit from the diameter of the wheel 3b. It is desirable to set it to 70% or more of the range. Within this range, it is possible to obtain the same soundproofing effect as in the case where the entire plate portion of the wheel 3b and the brake disc 9a are covered (see Patent Document 6).

  The railway vehicle 14 provided with the bogie 1 of the present invention and the train formed by the railway vehicle 14 (see FIG. 9A) have rolling noises and brakes generated from wheels, which increase as the speed of the vehicle increases. Wind noise generated from the disc and aerodynamic noise generated from the bogie can be effectively reduced.

  Further, in the case of the railway vehicle 14 traveling in an area where snow is accumulated in winter, the cover 13 can reduce the snow accumulated on the track 15 from adhering to the carriage 1.

  It goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the embodiments may be appropriately changed within the scope of the technical idea described in each claim.

  In the first example, the covers 13 are attached to both the front end and the rear end in the vehicle traveling direction. However, as in the second example shown in FIGS. Even if the cover 13 is attached only to the front end of the above, a corresponding effect can be obtained. In this case, for example, in the case of a railway vehicle 14 having two bogies, when the railway vehicle travels in only one direction, both the bogies 1 have the cover 13 attached to the front end in the vehicle traveling direction. On the other hand, when traveling in both front and rear directions, the cover 13 is provided only on the front and rear ends of the railway vehicle 14, and the cover 13 is not provided on the center side of the railway vehicle 14.

  Further, in the train shown in FIG. 9A, all the bogies 1 are the bogies 1 of the present invention, but as shown in FIG. 9B, the front bogie 1a of the front car 14a and the rear tail car 14b. Only the cart 1b may be the cart 1 of the present invention.

  Further, in the above example, the cover 13 formed integrally is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 10, if the cover 13 is divided in the width direction of the carriage 1, workability when attaching the cover 13 to the carriage 1 is improved. Is improved.

  Further, in order to improve the sound absorbing characteristics of the cover 13, the cover 13 may be formed of a material having a sound absorbing effect. Further, a sound absorbing material may be provided on the inner surface of the cover 13. Alternatively, the inner surface of the cover 13 may be formed in an uneven shape so that noise is scattered and irregularly reflected to attenuate the noise. In this way, a further noise reduction effect can be expected.

  In the above example, the cover 13 covers the plate 3 of the wheel 3b and the vicinity of the brake disk 9a or the plate 3 of the wheel 3b from the outside in the width direction of the bogie 1. However, the vicinity of the plate portion of the wheel 3b and the brake disk 9a or the vicinity of the plate portion of the wheel 3b may be covered not only from the outside in the width direction of the bogie 1 but also from the inside in the width direction. In this way, a further noise reduction effect can be expected.

Reference Signs List 1 truck 2 truck frame 1a leading truck 1b trailing truck 3 wheel axle 3b wheels 4 axle box 4a rear lid 9a brake disc 13 cover 13a mounting part 14 railway vehicle 14a leading vehicle 14b rear vehicle

Claims (8)

In a bogie frame, a bogie for a railway vehicle including a axle box supported by the bogie frame and a wheelset supported by the axle box,
A cover that covers only the front end of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction and both ends of the wheel shaft on the front end inside the bogie frame is attached to the front end of the bogie frame. When viewed from the front side in the direction, the vertical length of the cover on the front end side is such that at least the wheels forming the axle box and the wheelset on the front end side are hidden by the cover on the front end side and cannot be seen. The upper end position, the length in the left-right direction of the cover on the front end side is at least a width such that the axle box and the wheels on the front end side are hidden by the cover on the front end side and cannot be seen .
Alternatively, in addition to the cover attached to the front end, a cover that covers only the rear end of the bogie in the vehicle traveling direction and both ends of the wheelset on the rear end inside the bogie frame is provided on the rear end. When the cover on the rear end side is viewed from the rear side in the vehicle traveling direction, the length of the cover on the rear end side in the vertical direction is at least the axle box and the wheels on the rear end side. An upper end position that is hidden by the cover on the end side and cannot be seen, and the length of the cover on the rear end side in the left-right direction is at least the axle box and the wheel on the rear end side. To make it invisible and invisible ,
A bogie for a railway vehicle, characterized by: The bogie for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein a portion of the cover that covers both ends of the wheel set also serves as a mounting portion of the cover to the bogie. The cover,
The bogie for a railway vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the bogie is configured to cover an upper portion from a vehicle limit and to be attached to the axle box. The bogie for a railway vehicle according to claim 3 , wherein the cover is attached to a rear lid of the axle box. The bogie for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cover is configured to be divided in a width direction of the bogie. Railway car both comprising the bogie for railway vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5. In trains organizes railway vehicle according to claim 6, trains, characterized in that only the tail end bogie of the leading bogie and tail car of the leading vehicle was used as a dolly for the railway vehicle. In trains organizes railway vehicle according to claim 6, trains, characterized in that all the carriages of all vehicles was the railway vehicle bogie.

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