JP6658119B2 - Grinder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a grinding machine.

  Patent Literature 1 discloses a headstock provided with an extruding member for extruding a workpiece disposed at a processing position by a grinding wheel to a carry-in / out position by a transfer device. Patent Literature 1 describes a technique in which a regulating device is provided at a carry-in / carry-in position, and an extruding device sends out a workpiece at a processing position to a position where the work comes into contact with the regulating device.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-26901

  Here, when a workpiece is sent to a predetermined position by an extrusion device, instead of using the regulating device described in Patent Document 1, a sensor that detects that the workpiece has been sent to a predetermined position is arranged, and the sensor is provided. A technique is known in which a workpiece is sent out by an extruder until a workpiece is detected. However, in a case where the coolant is used at the time of grinding by the grinding wheel, if the sensor is arranged in a state where the sensor is exposed at the processing position by the grinding wheel, the coolant may be applied to the sensor, and the detection accuracy of the sensor may be reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a grinding machine provided with a sensor for detecting a position of a workpiece, which can prevent a decrease in detection accuracy of the sensor.

  The grinding machine of the present invention is a spindle that supports a workpiece in a processing area, a headstock body that rotatably supports the spindle, and a grinding wheel that performs a grinding process on the workpiece supported by the spindle. A coolant supply unit for supplying a coolant toward the processing area, and a headstock main body that is supported so as to be able to change an amount of protrusion from an end face of the headstock body facing the processing area, and is disposed in the processing area. A shift unit configured to move the processed workpiece from a position supported by the spindle to a position away from the spindle, and detecting an amount of protrusion of the shift unit from an end face of the headstock body facing the machining area. And a sensor unit, wherein the sensor unit is disposed in a region opposite to the machining region with respect to an end face of the headstock body facing the machining region side, and of the headstock body of the shift unit. The processing area Detecting the sites not protrude from the end face facing.

  According to the grinding machine of the present invention, the coolant is supplied toward the processing area when the workpiece is ground. On the other hand, the sensor unit is disposed in a region opposite to the machining region with respect to an end surface of the headstock body facing the machining region, and protrudes from an end surface of the shift unit facing the machining region of the headstock body. Detect missing parts. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the coolant from being applied to the sensor unit, and it is possible to prevent the detection accuracy of the sensor unit from being reduced due to the coolant being applied to the sensor unit.

It is a figure showing composition of a grinding machine in one embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of a headstock. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the headstock taken along line III-III in FIG. 2.

(1. Outline of grinding machine 1)
Hereinafter, a grinder 1 as an example of an embodiment to which a grinder according to the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings. The grinder 1 is a grindstone traverse grinder that traverses (moves in the Z-axis direction) the grindstone 5 with respect to the bed 2. The workpiece W by the grinding machine 1 is a crankshaft.

  In the grinding machine 1, a headstock 3 and a tailstock 4 are arranged on an upper surface of a bed 2 fixed to an installation surface. A spindle 3a is rotatably supported by the headstock 3 with respect to the headstock body 3b, and a center 4a is rotatably supported by the tailstock 4. The spindle 3a is driven to rotate by the motor 3c on the headstock 3, and the workpiece W is supported at both ends by the spindle 3a and the center 4a.

  Further, on the upper surface of the bed 2, there is provided a grindstone table 5 that can move in the Z-axis direction (the axis direction of the workpiece W) and the X-axis direction (a direction orthogonal to the axis of the workpiece W). The wheel head 5 is moved in the Z-axis direction by a motor 5a, and is moved in the X-axis direction by a motor 5b. A grinding wheel 6 that performs a grinding process on the workpiece W is rotatably disposed on the grinding wheel stand 5, and the grinding wheel 6 is driven to rotate by a motor 6a.

  On the upper surface of the bed 2, a sizing device 7 for measuring the outer diameter of the grinding portion of the workpiece W and a coolant supply unit 8 for supplying a coolant to the grinding portion are arranged. The coolant supply unit 8 supplies coolant to a nozzle (not shown) provided on the headstock 3, and the coolant is discharged from the nozzle toward a grinding portion. Further, the grinding machine 1 is provided with a control device 9 for controlling the driving of each of the motors 3c, 5a, 5b, 6a.

(2. Configuration of headstock 3)
Next, a detailed configuration of the headstock 3 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the headstock 3 includes a spindle 3a, a headstock main body 3b, and a motor 3c. As described above, the main shaft 3a supports one end of the workpiece W. The spindle 3a is rotatably supported by the headstock body 3b in a state where the tip of the spindle 3a supporting the workpiece W is directed toward a machining region R in which grinding by the grinding wheel 6 is performed. The headstock main body 3b is provided on the bed 2 so that the direction of the tip of the spindle 3a can be adjusted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the headstock main body 3b is provided with a spindle 3a on an end face facing the machining area R, and an external motor 3c on an end face facing the opposite side of the machining area R. The motor 3c is a motor that applies a driving force for rotating the spindle 3a, and is arranged in a region opposite to the machining region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b. In the headstock body 3b, a shift device 10 used for moving the workpiece W (see FIG. 1) is disposed below the spindle 3a and the motor 3c. The shift device 10 includes a shift unit 20, a temporary cradle 30, and a sensor unit 40.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the shift unit 20 is a hydraulic cylinder including a cylinder body 21, a piston 22, and a rod 23, and is driven and controlled by the control device 9 (see FIG. 1). A part of the rod 23 protrudes from an end surface of the headstock body 3b facing the opposite side (left side in FIG. 3) from the processing region R, and the protruding portion is housed in the rod housing part 24.

The piston 22 is housed straddling the cylinder body 21 and the rod housing part 24, and is connected to the rod 23 inside the rod housing part 24. Further, an extended portion 25 extending in a direction opposite to the direction in which the rod 23 extends (leftward in FIG. 3) is connected to the piston 22, and a detected portion 26 extending downward is formed at the tip of the extended portion 25. Is done. In FIG. 3, the position of the extending portion 25 is shown by a broken line. Further, the extension portion 25 may be connected to the rod 23.
The piston 22 reciprocates in accordance with the oil pressure supplied to the cylinder body 21, and the rod 23 and the detected portion 26 expand and contract with the reciprocation of the piston 22. Further, the rod housing portion 24 is attached to a sensor mounting portion 27 extending from the rod housing portion 24 in a direction opposite to the direction in which the rod 23 extends (the left direction in FIG. 2).

  The temporary support 30 is a part that supports the workpiece W from below, and is always disposed in the processing area R. The temporary support 30 is connected to the tip of the rod 23, and the workpiece W supported by the temporary support 30 moves integrally with the temporary support 30 as the rod 23 expands and contracts.

  The sensor unit 40 is a sensor that detects an amount of protrusion of the rod 23 from a surface of the headstock main body 3b facing the processing region R, and includes a pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42. The pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42 are attached to the sensor attachment portion 27 at positions facing the region where the detection target 26 moves as the rod 23 expands and contracts. That is, the sensor section 40 is arranged in a region on the opposite side of the processing region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b. The pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42 are juxtaposed along the direction in which the rod 23 expands and contracts, and one proximity sensor 41 is arranged at a position closer to the processing region R side than the other proximity sensor 42. Further, instead of the proximity sensors 41 and 42, an optical sensor or a sensor for detecting ultrasonic waves may be used.

  In the process of extending the rod 23 of the shift unit 20, when the detected part 26 that moves integrally with the rod 23 approaches the one proximity sensor 41, the one proximity sensor 41 detects the detected part 26. , And sends a detection signal to the control device 9. When receiving the detection signal from one of the proximity sensors 41, the control device 9 stops driving the shift unit 20. Similarly, when the detected part 26 approaches the other proximity sensor 42 in the process of contracting the rod 23, the other proximity sensor 42 detects the detected part 26 and outputs a detection signal to the control device 9. Send to Upon receiving the detection signal from the other proximity sensor 42, the control device 9 stops driving the shift unit 20.

  The pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42 are fixed while being inserted into holes 27a and 27b formed in the sensor mounting portion 27, whereas the hole 27a into which one of the proximity sensors 41 is inserted is a rod 27a. 23 is formed in a long hole shape whose longitudinal direction is the extension direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 3). Therefore, one proximity sensor 41 can adjust the mounting position of the rod 23 with respect to the sensor mounting portion 27 in the expansion and contraction direction.

  As described above, the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a region opposite to the processing region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b, and the pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42 is provided in the shift unit 20 with respect to the headstock main body 3b. In a region opposite to the processing region R, the detected portion 26 exposed from the headstock main body 3b is detected. In this case, at the time of grinding the workpiece W, it is possible to prevent the coolant discharged to the processing region R from being applied to the sensor unit 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the detection accuracy of the sensor unit 40 from being reduced. In addition, since the cylinder body 21 and the piston 22 of the shift portion 20 are disposed below the motor 3c, it is possible to prevent the shift portion 20 from being caused by the coolant.

  Further, since a part of the shift section 20 and the sensor section 40 are arranged in a space formed below the motor 3c, it is possible to prevent the headstock 3 from being enlarged as a whole. Further, the sensor section 40 is arranged in a region opposite to the processing region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b, with the pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42 being exposed from the headstock main body 3b. Therefore, when a failure or the like occurs in the pair of proximity sensors 41 and 42, the replacement operation can be performed efficiently. In addition, since the one proximity sensor 41 is attached to the sensor attachment portion 27 so that the position of the one proximity sensor 42 can be adjusted in the expansion and contraction direction of the rod 23, the position of the one proximity sensor 42 can be easily adjusted. Can be.

(3. Operation of grinding machine 1)
Next, the operation of the grinding machine 1 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when attaching and detaching the workpiece W, the tailstock 4 is separated from the headstock 3 and the rod 23 is extended, so that the temporary receiving stand 30 is attached to the headstock main body. 3b is moved to a position away from it.

  After disposing the workpiece W on the temporary support 30, the rod 23 is contracted to bring the temporary support 30 closer to the headstock body 3 b, and the end of the workpiece W is brought into contact with the main shaft 3 a. At this time, the control device 9 controls the driving of the shift unit 20 to contract the rod 23, and stops driving the shift unit 20 when receiving a detection signal from the other proximity sensor 42. 2 and 3, the positions of the temporary receiving base 30, the extending portion 25, and the detected portion 26 in a state where the rod 23 is contracted are indicated by two-dot chain lines.

  Subsequently, the tailstock 4 is brought closer to the headstock 3 side, and both ends of the workpiece W supported by the temporary support 30 are rotatably supported by the spindle 3a and the center 4a. Thereafter, the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece W is held by a chuck (not shown) provided in the headstock main body 3b, and the workpiece W is subjected to grinding by the grinding wheel 6.

  As described above, the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a region opposite to the machining region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b, and the shift unit 20 is provided in a position opposite to the machining region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b. The detected part 26 which is a part exposed to the region is detected. Thereby, when the workpiece W is ground, the coolant discharged to the processing region R can be prevented from being applied to the sensor unit 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the detection accuracy of the sensor unit 40 from being reduced. In addition, since the cylinder body 21 and the piston 22 are disposed below the motor 3c, it is possible to prevent the shift unit 20 from being caused by the coolant being applied to the cylinder body 21 and the piston 22.

  After the grinding is completed, the tailstock 4 is moved away from the headstock 3. At this time, since the temporary cradle 30 is arranged below the workpiece W, it is possible to prevent the workpiece W from dropping as the tailstock 4 moves. Thereafter, the workpiece W is moved in a direction away from the headstock 3 by extending the rod 23, and the workpiece W is replaced. At this time, the control device 9 controls the drive of the shift unit 20 to extend the rod 23, and stops the drive of the shift unit 20 when receiving a detection signal from one of the proximity sensors 41. Note that a gantry loader or the like is used for transporting the workpiece W into the grinding machine 1.

(4. Others)
As described above, the present invention has been described based on the above embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments at all, and it is easy to make various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It can be inferred.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the motor 3c is externally attached to the end face of the headstock main body 3b facing the opposite side to the processing region R has been described, but the motor 3c may be housed inside the headstock main body 3b. . Also in this case, it is preferable that the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a space formed below the motor 3c. In this case, since the sensor unit 40 is housed inside the headstock main body 3b, it is possible to reliably prevent the coolant from being applied to the sensor unit 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem from occurring in the sensor unit 40 due to the coolant.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the workpiece W is supported at both ends by the headstock 3 and the tailstock 4 has been described, but the workpiece W may be supported at both ends by the two headstocks 3. In this case, a chuck can be omitted. Further, the work W may be driven to rotate from both sides while the work W is supported at both ends, or the work W may be driven to rotate from one side of the headstock 3.

(5. Effect)
As described above, the grinding machine 1 according to the present invention includes the spindle 3a that supports the workpiece W in the processing region R, the headstock body 3b that rotatably supports the spindle 3a, and the work that is supported by the spindle 3a. A grinding wheel 6 for performing a grinding process on the workpiece W, a coolant supply unit 8 for supplying a coolant toward the processing region R, and a projection from the end surface of the headstock body 3b facing the processing region R side with respect to the headstock body 3b. A shift portion 20 that is supported so that the amount can be changed and moves a workpiece W disposed in the processing region R from a position supported by the main shaft 3a to a position separated from the main shaft 3a, and a processing region R side of the headstock body 3b And a sensor section 40 for detecting the amount of protrusion of the shift section 20 from the end face facing the sensor section. In addition to this, in the grinding machine 1, the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a region opposite to the processing region R with respect to an end surface of the headstock main body 3 b facing the processing region R side. A portion that does not protrude from the end face facing the processing region R side of 3b is detected.

  According to the grinding machine 1, the coolant is supplied toward the processing region R when the workpiece W is ground. On the other hand, the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a region opposite to the processing region R with respect to the end surface of the headstock body 3b facing the processing region R side, and the processing region R of the headstock main body 3b in the shift unit 20. The part which does not protrude from the end face facing the side is detected. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the coolant from being applied to the sensor unit 40, and it is possible to prevent the detection accuracy of the sensor unit 40 from being reduced due to the coolant being applied to the sensor unit 40.

  In addition to the grinding machine 1 described above, the grinding machine 1 includes a temporary cradle 30 that is connected to the shift unit 20 and is always disposed in the processing area R, and supports the workpiece W detached from the spindle 3a. According to the grinding machine 1, the workpiece W detached from the spindle 3a can be prevented from falling.

  In the grinding machine 1 described above, the sensor unit 40 is disposed in a region on the opposite side of the processing region R from the headstock main body 3b. According to the grinding machine 1, it is possible to prevent the coolant from being applied to the sensor unit 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem from occurring in the sensor unit 40 due to the coolant.

  In the grinding machine 1 described above, the sensor unit 40 includes proximity sensors 41 and 42 that can detect a portion of the shift unit 20 that is exposed to a region opposite to the machining region R with respect to the headstock main body 3b. You. According to the grinding machine 1, when a failure or the like occurs in the proximity sensors 41, 42, the proximity sensors 41, 42 can be efficiently replaced.

  In the grinding machine 1 described above, the headstock main body 3b includes a motor 3c for applying a driving force for rotating the spindle 3a, and the motor 3c is exposed in a region of the headstock main body 3b opposite to the processing region R. The sensor unit 40 is disposed in a space formed below the motor 3c. According to the grinding machine 1, the vacant space can be used as a space for arranging the sensor section 40, so that the headstock body 3b can be prevented from being enlarged.

  In the grinding machine 1 described above, the sensor unit 40 is disposed inside the headstock main body 3b. According to the grinding machine 1, it is possible to prevent the coolant from being applied to the sensor unit 40. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem from occurring in the sensor unit 40 due to the coolant.

  In the grinding machine 1 described above, the headstock main body 3b includes a motor 3c for applying a driving force for rotating the spindle 3a, the motor 3c is housed inside the headstock main body 3b, and the sensor unit 40 includes a motor It is arranged in a space formed below 3c. According to the grinding machine 1, the vacant space can be used as a space for arranging the sensor section 40, so that the headstock body 3b can be prevented from being enlarged.

  1: grinding machine, 3a: spindle, 3b: headstock main body, 3c: motor, 6: grinding wheel, 8: coolant supply unit, 20: shift unit, 30: temporary holder, 40: sensor unit, 41, 42: Proximity sensor, R: machining area, W: workpiece

Claims (7)

A spindle that supports the workpiece in the machining area;
A headstock body rotatably supporting the spindle,
A grinding wheel for performing a grinding process on the workpiece supported by the spindle,
A coolant supply unit for supplying coolant toward the processing area,
The headstock main body is supported so that the amount of protrusion of the headstock main body from the end face facing the processing area side can be changed, and the workpiece disposed in the processing area is supported from the position supported by the spindle. A shift unit for moving to a position away from the main shaft,
A sensor unit for detecting an amount of protrusion of the shift unit from an end surface of the headstock body facing the processing region side;
With
The sensor unit is disposed in a region opposite to the machining region with respect to an end surface of the headstock body facing the machining region, and an end surface of the shift unit facing the machining region side of the headstock body. Grinding machine that detects parts that do not protrude from   2. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the grinding machine includes a temporary cradle that is connected to the shift unit and is always disposed in the processing area, and supports the workpiece separated from the spindle. 3.   3. The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the sensor unit is disposed in a region opposite to the machining region with respect to the headstock body. 4.   4. The grinding machine according to claim 3, wherein the sensor unit includes a proximity sensor that can detect a portion of the shift unit that is exposed to a region opposite to the processing region with respect to the headstock body. 5. . The headstock body includes a motor that applies a driving force for rotating the spindle,
The motor is provided in a state of being exposed to a region of the headstock main body opposite to the processing region,
The grinding machine according to claim 3, wherein the sensor unit is disposed in a space formed below the motor.   The grinding machine according to claim 1, wherein the sensor unit is disposed inside the headstock main body. The headstock body includes a motor that applies a driving force for rotating the spindle,
The motor is housed inside the headstock main body,
The grinding machine according to claim 6, wherein the sensor unit is disposed in a space formed below the motor.

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