CN202742210U - Double velocity measurement safety protection device of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine - Google Patents
Double velocity measurement safety protection device of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN202742210U CN202742210U CN 201220382413 CN201220382413U CN202742210U CN 202742210 U CN202742210 U CN 202742210U CN 201220382413 CN201220382413 CN 201220382413 CN 201220382413 U CN201220382413 U CN 201220382413U CN 202742210 U CN202742210 U CN 202742210U
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- tachogenerator
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
- Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a double velocity measurement safety protection device of a numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine. The device comprises a first transmitting cam coaxially installed with a grinding wheel, a first speed measuring sensor corresponding to the first transmitting cam, a second transmitting cam coaxially installed with a work piece and a second speed measuring sensor corresponding to the second transmitting cam. The first speed measuring sensor and the second speed measuring sensor are respectively connected with a first rotating speed monitor and a second rotating speed monitor which are connected with a logic controller through respective input/output (IO) ports, and the logic controller is connected with a numerical control (NC) system controlling a sand wheel moving servo motor. The first speed measuring sensor and the second speed measuring sensor approach a switch in induction mode. The device utilizes two sets of transmitting cams and speed measuring sensors to monitor rotating speed of a sand wheel spindle and the work piece simultaneously. The control system can automatically retreat the sand wheel spindle to the safe position when any set detects that speed is ultra low in the machining process of the numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of two safety guards that test the speed of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine, belongs to the anti-vexed driving skills art field of Digit Control Machine Tool in the shaft-like workpiece process, particularly is used for preventing a kind of pair of speed-measuring structure and the method for vexed car at numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine.
Background technology
Numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine is for the process equipment of grinding shaft-like workpiece axle journal cylindrical, is widely used in manufacturing.A problem often occurs in this kind equipment in running, automatically be subjected to some in advance impacts of unknown factor in the process exactly, such as belt creep or fatigue fracture, projection is arranged on the workpiece blank surface or material is really up to the mark, the emery wheel material is unusual, the emery wheel outer surface does not trim, feed speed is unusual etc., so that the emery wheel of rotation or the workpiece of rotation reduction of speed significantly, and this moment, grinding wheel spindle still continued feeding, thereby caused vexed car fault.Vexed car fault can cause grinding wheel spindle to be ground bad or workpiece is ground uselessly, even the dangerous situation of emery wheel explosion occurs, and equipment is caused very large economic loss, and operative employee's personal safety is also threatened.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine of design; rotary speed to the grinding wheel spindle in the process and workpiece is monitored; when both one of rotating speed when significantly reducing; grinding wheel spindle can return to home immediately automatically, thereby has effectively avoided vexed car fault.
The technical solution of the utility model: two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine of the present utility model comprise with emery wheel coaxial mounted first post a letter cam and with first the first tachogenerator corresponding to cam of posting a letter, reach and second the second tachogenerator corresponding to cam of posting a letter with workpiece coaxial mounted second cam of posting a letter; The first tachogenerator be connected tachogenerator respectively with the first Speed Controller be connected Speed Controller and be connected, the first Speed Controller be connected the IO interface andlogic control device of Speed Controller by separately and connect, logic controller is connected with the NC control system of controlling emery wheel shift servo motor.
Described the first tachogenerator and the second tachogenerator are the induction type approach switchs.
Described first the post a letter number of teeth m that posts a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter is even number, and preferred m is 2 or 4 or 6.
Described the first tachogenerator and the second tachogenerator and first post a letter cam and second post a letter cam the tooth of posting a letter apart from d1=0.5～0.8Sn, Sn is the specified detection distance of tachogenerator.
Described first the post a letter height d2=10～20mm of the tooth of posting a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter.
Advantage of the present utility model: when numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine in process, be subjected to some in advance unknown factor impact and might cause vexed car the time, control system can retreat to home with grinding wheel spindle automatically soon, whole process is finished automatically, do not need operating personnel's intervention, thereby effectively prevented vexed car, ensured equipment and operating personnel's safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is theory of mechanics schematic diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is post a letter cam, the first tachogenerator position relationship side view of Fig. 1 medium plain emery wheel, first.Post a letter cam, the second tachogenerator position relationship of workpiece, second also is the same.
Fig. 3 is logic diagram of circuit of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is control principle drawing of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that triggers the interruption subroutine of NC control system in the logic controller.
The specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3: the utility model is a kind of two safety guards that test the speed of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine, on emery wheel 1 by shaft coupling 7 coaxial mounted first post a letter cam 3 and with first the first tachogenerator 5 corresponding to cam 3 of posting a letter, reach and second the second tachogenerator 6 corresponding to cam 4 of posting a letter with workpiece 2 coaxial mounted second cam 4 of posting a letter; The first tachogenerator 5 be connected tachogenerator 6 respectively with the first Speed Controller be connected Speed Controller and be connected, the first Speed Controller be connected the IO interface andlogic control device of Speed Controller by separately and connect, logic controller is connected with the NC control system of controlling emery wheel shift servo motor.
Described the first tachogenerator 5 and the second tachogenerator 6 are induction type approach switchs.
Described first the post a letter number of teeth m that posts a letter of cam 4 of cam 3 and second that posts a letter is even number, preferred 2 or 4 or 6.
Described the first tachogenerator 5 and the second tachogenerator 6 and first post a letter cam 3 and second post a letter cam 4 the tooth of posting a letter apart from d1=0.5～0.8Sn, Sn is the specified detection distance of tachogenerator.
Logic controller can be PLC, single-chip microcomputer or other logic chip.
Prove according to test statistics, when one of emery wheel and workpiece rotating speed reduce to rated speed 75% before, immediately emery wheel is returned to home fast, emery wheel and workpiece are can be not impaired.That is to say that wheel face remains uniformly, surface of the work does not have calcination or polygonal.
Therefore, when we set the minimum safe tachometer value of Speed Controller, it being made as 75% under the rated speed, is safe and reliable.For example: a number of units control cylindrical grinder, under normal circumstances, grinding wheel speed is 1700 rev/mins, workpiece rotational frequency is 60 rev/mins.According to above test statistics result, the minimum speed in the grinding wheel speed watch-dog is made as 1275 rev/mins, the minimum speed in the grinding wheel speed watch-dog is made as 45 rev/mins.
Such as Fig. 2: induction type approach switch and the spacing d1's between the cam of posting a letter is a very important parameter, and this is apart from the accuracy that has determined that rotating speed detects.Spacing is too small, and the cam of posting a letter of rotation is run into approach switch easily, thereby destroys approach switch; Spacing is excessive, and the cam rotational speed pulse signal can not accurately send, thereby affects the detection of rotating speed.Described first the post a letter height d2=10～20mm of the tooth of posting a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter.
Prove according to test statistics, when d1=0.5～0.8Sn (Sn is the specified detection distance of approach switch), when namely between the two spacing is 0.5～0.8 times of specified detection distance of approach switch, the rotating speed accurate stable that detects.
The selection of the switching frequency of induction type approach switch:
To select the induction type approach switch of suitable switching frequency f according to the maximum speed n of the number of teeth m in one week of cam of posting a letter and emery wheel, workpiece.For example: the number of teeth m=6 in one week of cam, n=5000 rev/min of emery wheel maximum speed, switching frequency=500HZ then so should the selector switch frequency be not less than the induction type approach switch of 500HZ.
The line number of induction type approach switch:
Three-wire type PNP or NPN approach switch are selected in suggestion, see that according to the operating position at scene the approach switch of three-wire type is less than the error that twin wire approach switch tests the speed, more accurate stable.
Because all have cooling fluid in the grinding, and cooling fluid belongs to chemical reagent.If approach switch is near cooling fluid, the time has been grown the corrosion and damage that can cause approach switch.Therefore approach switch should be installed in the comparatively dry place away from cooling fluid, be conducive to so long-term normal use of approach switch.
In order to make grinding wheel spindle and workpiece can keep balance after the cam of posting a letter has been installed, should make the number of teeth is even number, and symmetrical the making.Grinding wheel spindle for rotating speed high (more than 3000 rev/mins), after the cam of posting a letter has been installed, need that also grinding wheel spindle, post a letter cam and shaft coupling integral body are carried out dynamic balancing and process (punch or add balance weight), could after the cam of posting a letter has been installed, not increase like this amount of unbalance of former emery wheel main shaft.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 5 the course of work of the present utility model is further elaborated:
1) in the automatic processing running of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine, with grinding wheel spindle, workpiece coaxial be connected first post a letter cam and second post a letter cam also respectively with grinding wheel spindle, the coaxial same rotating speed rotation of workpiece, tachogenerator detects the male and female face of the cam cylindrical of posting a letter, tachogenerator sends the pulse signal with 0-1-0-1 corresponding to cam cylindrical male and female face number that post a letter, and is sent to respectively the first Speed Controller and the second Speed Controller;
2) the first Speed Controller and the second Speed Controller are processed the pulse signal of 0-1-0-1, draw current real-time actual speed;
3) the first Speed Controller and the second Speed Controller compare separately actual speed and minimum speed setting value respectively, when the actual speed value is lower than the minimum speed setting value and continues 0.5～1 second, send " rotating speed is low " signal to logic controller;
4) logic controller receives speed of grinding wheel spindle and workpiece rotational frequency signal, behind " rotating speed the is low " signal that is subject to any one, carries out routine processes by logic controller, sends interface signal to the NC control system, and the interruption subroutine of NC control system is activated;
5) the NC control system stops current machine process, carries out interruption subroutine, drives servomotor grinding wheel spindle is retreated fast to home, provides warning message at screen simultaneously.So just automatically effectively prevented vexed car fault.
The minimum safe tachometer value of the emery wheel of setting in the described Speed Controller and workpiece is 75% of rated speed.
The processing of " moment rotating speed excessively low " this situation:
Because the appearance (such as emery wheel or workpiece material etc.) of some accidentalia can cause the excessively low situation of moment rotating speed, at this moment Speed Controller also can be sent moment " rotating speed is low " signal, and system also can end current processing and make emery wheel fall back on soon security bit.But allow in this case to proceed to process.
For this situation, we can add a very short delay time 0.5 second in Speed Controller.When actual speed is lower than the state continuance 0.5 second of minimum safe tachometer value or when above, we think that just real rotating speed is excessively low, and take the rewind down measure; When " rotating speed is low " signal less than 0.5 second, we think that the rotating speed of moment is excessively low, do not take the rewind down measure.
So just avoid this unnecessary rewind down that causes because of " moment rotating speed excessively low ".
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that triggers the interruption subroutine of NC control system in the logic controller:
The utility model is at title, interrupt number, the interrupt priority level of NC set-up of control system interruption subroutine (i.e. the anxious subprogram of moving back).Advance in the process of Give processing at grinding wheel spindle, logic controller constantly scans " rotating speed the is low " signal from two IO interfaces and judges.If both " rotating speed is low " signals all are " 0 ", then do not take any action; If any one " rotating speed is low " signal is " 1 " among both, then will issue the interface signal set of NC, trigger interruption subroutine (i.e. the anxious subprogram of moving back).
Claims (8)
1. two safety guards that test the speed of a numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine, comprise with emery wheel coaxial mounted first post a letter cam and with first the first tachogenerator corresponding to cam of posting a letter, reach and second the second tachogenerator corresponding to cam of posting a letter with workpiece coaxial mounted second cam of posting a letter; The first tachogenerator be connected tachogenerator respectively with the first Speed Controller be connected Speed Controller and be connected, the first Speed Controller be connected the IO interface andlogic control device of Speed Controller by separately and connect, logic controller is connected with the NC control system of controlling emery wheel shift servo motor.
2. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first tachogenerator and the second tachogenerator are the induction type approach switchs.
3. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: first the post a letter number of teeth m that posts a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter is even number.
4. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: the first tachogenerator and the second tachogenerator and first post a letter cam and second post a letter cam the tooth of posting a letter apart from d1=0.5～0.8Sn, Sn is the specified detection distance of tachogenerator.
5. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: the first tachogenerator and the second tachogenerator and first post a letter cam and second post a letter cam the tooth of posting a letter apart from d1=0.5～0.8Sn, Sn is the specified detection distance of tachogenerator.
6. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: first the post a letter number of teeth m that posts a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter is 2 or 4 or 6.
7. two safe guarantors that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 1 and 2
Protection unit is characterized in that: first the post a letter height d2=10～20mm of the tooth of posting a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter.
8. two safety guards that test the speed of a kind of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: first the post a letter height d2=10～20mm of the tooth of posting a letter of cam of cam and second that posts a letter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220382413 CN202742210U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Double velocity measurement safety protection device of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220382413 CN202742210U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Double velocity measurement safety protection device of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202742210U true CN202742210U (en) | 2013-02-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220382413 Withdrawn - After Issue CN202742210U (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2012-08-03 | Double velocity measurement safety protection device of numerical control external cylindrical grinding machine |
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| CN (1) | CN202742210U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102785169A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-21 | 东风康明斯发动机有限公司 | Double-speed-measuring safety-protecting method and device of numerically-controlled cylindrical grinder |
| CN107160291A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-15 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Grinding machine |
-
2012
- 2012-08-03 CN CN 201220382413 patent/CN202742210U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102785169A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-11-21 | 东风康明斯发动机有限公司 | Double-speed-measuring safety-protecting method and device of numerically-controlled cylindrical grinder |
| CN107160291A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-15 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Grinding machine |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20130220 Effective date of abandoning: 20150617 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |