JP6592130B2 - Building materials using CLT panels - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a building material using a CLT panel.

  CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) is a wood-based material obtained by laminating and bonding panels (lamina) so as to be orthogonal to each other. The CLT can be carried into a construction site after the joint and piping space are dug and the opening is hollowed out at the factory. As a result, the on-site construction can be rationalized. Furthermore, CLT has high material rigidity due to its plate thickness. For this reason, finishing materials such as fireproof covering materials and exterior materials, and fittings such as open windows can be attached at the factory to be unitized and carried on site.

JP, 2006-180293, A

  However, conventional CLT panels leave room for further streamlining on-site construction. For example, an exterior material cannot be attached in advance to a place where an X (cross) mark display hardware standardized by the Japan Housing and Wood Technology Center is attached. For this reason, even if the exterior material is attached to the CLT panel in the factory, it is necessary to attach the exterior material to the place where the X mark display hardware is attached after assembling the CLT panel on site. It is desirable from the viewpoint of rationalization to avoid such on-site construction as much as possible.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as, for example, the following forms.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a building material is provided. The building material includes a CLT panel having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and an exterior material attached to the first surface. The CLT panel includes a joint structure that can join a building material to another building material without affecting the exterior material.

  According to such a building material, after the exterior material is completely attached to the first surface of the CLT panel at the factory, the building material can be assembled at the building site. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach the exterior material to the first surface at the construction site, and the site construction can be rationalized. In other words, it is not necessary to construct the exterior material on-site for the connection points between the building materials.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the joint structure includes a box-shaped joint hardware embedded in the outer edge of the CLT panel. The box-shaped joint hardware has a through hole for inserting a rod-shaped joint hardware for joining a building material to another building material. The second surface side of the box-shaped joint hardware is exposed and opened. This form of building material can be used in combination with, for example, the following fourth form of building material.

  According to the third mode of the present invention, in the first mode, the bonding structure is a bar-shaped bonding hardware embedded in the CLT panel, and a bar-shaped bonding metal extending parallel to the first surface is used. Prepare. At least one end of the rod-shaped joint hardware protrudes outward from the CLT panel. Such a form of building material can be used, for example, as in the following fourth or fifth form.

  According to the 4th form of this invention, in a 3rd form, at least one end which protrudes outside from a CLT panel is provided with a thread part. The building material of this form can be used in combination with the building material of the second form, for example. Specifically, after inserting at least one end of the bar-shaped joint metal fitting protruding from the CLT panel of the fourth form building material into the through hole of the box-shaped joint metal article of the second form building material, By attaching a nut to a screw part and fastening it, the building material of the 2nd form and the building material of the 4th form can be joined. Since the second surface side of the box-shaped joint hardware is exposed and opened, the fastening operation can be performed from the second surface side with the exterior material attached to the first surface. it can.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the rod-shaped joint metal has a horizontal hole penetrating in a direction orthogonal to the first surface at a portion protruding outward from the CLT panel. This form of building material can be used in combination with, for example, the following sixth form of building material.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the joining structure is a longitudinal hole for inserting the first rod-shaped joining hardware, the longitudinal hole extending in parallel with the first surface; , A horizontal hole for inserting the second rod-shaped joining hardware, and a horizontal hole extending from the second surface to at least the vertical hole. The building material of this form can be used in combination with the building material of the fifth form. Specifically, the rod-shaped joint metal fitting of the fifth form is inserted into the vertical hole of the sixth form, and further, the second hole is communicated with the horizontal hole of the sixth form and the horizontal hole of the fifth form. By inserting the rod-shaped joining hardware, the building material of the fifth form and the building material of the sixth form can be joined.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the joint structure includes a joint hardware embedded in an outer edge portion of the CLT panel. The joint hardware includes a concave portion for fitting with a convex portion provided in another building material, or a convex portion for fitting with a concave portion provided in another building material. According to this form, the building material in any one of the 1st thru | or 6th form and the other building material provided with the said convex part or the said recessed part can be shear-joined.

  According to the 8th form of this invention, a building is provided. This building includes a plurality of building materials of any of the first to seventh forms. According to such a building, there are the same effects as the first to seventh embodiments.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the eighth aspect, at least some of the plurality of building materials have a height of two floors. According to this form, the beam arrange | positioned for every floor can be abbreviate | omitted, and one building material can be used as a wall for two floors. Therefore, compared with the case where the building material which has the height for 1 floor is used, the joining operation | work of building materials can be reduced.

It is the schematic which shows a part of building of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of building materials. It is a perspective view which shows the joining structure by 1st Embodiment. It is an enlarged view of a joint metal fitting. It is a perspective view which shows the joining method of the CLT panel as a prior art example. It is a perspective view which shows the joining structure by 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the joining structure by 3rd Embodiment.

A. First embodiment:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a part of a building 10 constructed using building materials 20a, 20b, and 20c (collectively referred to as building materials 20) as a first embodiment of the present invention. In the illustrated example, the building 10 is a three-story building. A plurality of building materials 20 a are installed side by side on the base 15. The building material 20a has a height of two floors and functions as walls on the first and second floors. The building material 20b is installed on the building material 20a and functions as a beam. A plurality of building materials 20c are installed side by side on the building material 20b. The building material 20c has a height of one floor and functions as a wall on the third floor. For example, the building 10 can be constructed in the order of a first- and second-floor wall, a second-floor beam / floor, a third-floor beam and a floor, with construction material 20a being pre-constructed.

  FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the building material 20. The building material 20 includes a CLT panel 30 (hereinafter simply referred to as a panel 30) and an exterior material 40 (specific examples include a fireproof covering material, a waterproof sheet, and the like). The panel 30 includes a first surface 31 (hereinafter referred to as an outer surface 31) and a second surface 32 (hereinafter referred to as an inner surface 32) opposite to the outer surface 31. The outer surface 31 is a surface on the outdoor side of the building 10, and the inner surface 32 is a surface on the indoor side. An exterior material 40 is attached to the entire outer surface 31. The exterior material 40 is attached to the panel 30 at the factory before being brought into the construction site.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a joining structure for joining the building materials 20a, 20b, and 20c without affecting the exterior material 40 (that is, without performing screwing or the like on the exterior material 40). In FIG. 3, only the panel 30 of the panel 30 and the exterior material 40 is illustrated, and the illustration of the exterior material 40 is omitted. Further, the constituent elements corresponding to any of the building materials 20a, 20b, and 20c are given the suffixes a, b, and c to the reference numerals of the respective constituent elements, and correspond to any of the building materials 20a, 20b, and 20c. Represents.

  One panel 30a includes two joining structures 50a. Each of the joining structures 50a includes one box-shaped joining hardware (hereinafter referred to as a box-shaped connector) 51a and a plurality (four in the illustrated example) LSB (lag screw bolt) 54a. The box-shaped connector 51a is embedded in an outer edge portion (in the illustrated example, a corner portion) of the panel 30a. The box-shaped connector 51a has four through holes 53a on the inner side (vertically below in the installed state) and two through holes 52a on the outer side. In the present embodiment, the box-shaped connector 51a is exposed on other than the two surfaces that contact the panel 30a. However, the box-shaped connector 51a only needs to expose at least the inner surface 32a side (indoor side). In the present embodiment, the box-shaped connector 51a is open on the outer surface 31a side and the inner surface 32a side. However, the box-shaped connector 51a only needs to be open at least on the inner surface 32a side.

  The four LSBs 54a are embedded in the panel 30a, and their tips pass through the four through holes 53a of the box connector 51a and terminate in the internal space of the box connector 51a. At these tips, threaded portions (male threads) are formed, and nuts 60 are attached. Thus, the box connector 51a is fixed to the panel 30a. The joint structure 50a is attached to the panel 30a at the factory before being brought into the construction site.

  One panel 30c includes two joining structures 50c. The joint structure 50c has the same structure as the joint structure 50a, and includes a box-shaped connector 51c having a through hole 52c and a through hole 53c, and an LSB 54c, similarly to the joint structure 50a. The bonding structure 50c and the bonding structure 50a differ only in that they are arranged in the opposite directions. The joint structure 50c is attached to the panel 30c at the factory before being brought into the construction site.

  The panel 30b includes four LSBs 50b as rod-shaped joining hardware. Two LSBs 50b are embedded in the panel 30b at a position corresponding to the box connector 51a, two for each box connector 51a. The LSB 50b extends parallel to the outer surface 31b and the inner surface 32b (more specifically, in the vertical direction). Both ends of the LSB 50b protrude to the outside from the panel 30b, and screw portions (male threads) are formed at these protruding portions. The LSB 50b is attached to the panel 30b at the factory before being brought into the construction site.

  When assembling the panels 30a to 30c at the building site, first, the panel 30b is arranged on the panel 30a so that the lower end of the LSB 50b penetrates the through hole 52a of the box-shaped connector 51a. Then, the nut 60 is attached to the lower end of the LSB 50b and fastened. Thereby, the panel 30a and the panel 30b are joined. Next, the panel 30c is disposed on the panel 30b so that the upper end of the LSB 50b penetrates the through hole 52c of the box connector 51c. Then, the nut 60 is attached to the upper end of the LSB 50b and fastened. Thereby, the panel 30b and the panel 30c are joined. Since the insides (inner surface 32a, 32c side) of the box-shaped connectors 51a, 51c are open, the operator can attach and fasten the nut 60 from the inside of the building 10 as indicated by the arrows.

  The panel 30a further includes a metal joint 70a between the two box connectors 51a. The metal joint 70a is embedded in the outer edge portion of the panel 30a. The panel 30b further includes a metal joint 80b. The metal joint 80b is embedded in the outer edge of the panel 30b at a position corresponding to the metal joint 70a.

  FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the metal joint 70a and the metal joint 80b. The metal joint 70a includes a hardware main body 71a and a plurality (four in this embodiment) of convex portions 72a protruding from the hardware main body 71a. Only the convex part 72a protrudes from the panel 30a, and the other part of the bonding hardware 70a is embedded in the panel 30a. A plurality of through holes 73a are formed in the metal body 71a. By inserting the drift pin 74a into these through holes 73a, the metal joint 70a is fixed to the panel 30a.

  The metal joint 80b includes the same number of through holes (concave portions) 81b as the convex portions 72a. The through hole 81b has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of 72a. The metal joint 80b is embedded in the outer edge (lower end) of the panel 30b, and is fixed to the panel 30b with bolts (not shown). When the panel 30b is disposed on the panel 30a, the convex portion 72a is inserted into the through hole 81b as shown in FIG. Thereby, the panel 30a and the panel 30b are shear-joined. In addition, a convex part may be formed in the metal joint 80b, and a concave part may be formed in the metal joint 70a.

  Here, the description returns to FIG. The panel 30c further includes a metal fitting 70c between the two box connectors 51c. The panel 30b further includes a metal joint 80b at a position corresponding to the metal joint 70c. The pair of the metal joint 70c and the metal joint 80b has the same configuration as the pair of the metal joint 70a and the metal joint 80b shown in FIG. The pair of the hardware 70a and the joining hardware 80b is different.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a conventional method for joining panels 130a, 130b, and 130c. In this prior art, the panels 130a, 130b, and 130c use the X mark display hardware 150 disposed on the outer surfaces 131a, 131b, and 131c and the X mark display hardware 170 disposed on the inner surfaces 132a, 132b, and 132c. Are joined. A plurality of screw holes 151 and 171 are formed in the X mark display hardware 150 and 170, respectively. Panels 130a, 130b, and 130c are joined by screwing the screw holes 151 and 171. As described above, the panels 130a, 130b, and 130c are joined on both sides as indicated by arrows. For this reason, it is not possible to attach an exterior material at the factory to at least the region of the outer surfaces 131a, 131b, 131c where the X mark display hardware 150 is disposed. In this region, it is necessary to attach an exterior material at the construction site after the panels 130a, 130b, and 130c are joined. Further, when the X mark display hardware 150, 170 is used, a large number of screws are required.

  On the other hand, according to the building material 20 described above, the panels 30a, 30b, and 30c can be joined by one-side construction from the inside of the building 10, as indicated by arrows in FIG. Therefore, the exterior material 40 can be attached to the entire outer surfaces 31a, 31b, 31c at the factory, and the work of attaching the exterior material 40 on site can be omitted. Furthermore, the panels 30a, 30b, and 30c can be joined by the joining structures 50a and 50c, the joint hardware 70a and 70c, and the joint hardware 80b with fewer man-hours than in the conventional example.

  Further, by omitting the beam between the first floor and the second floor and forming both the first and second floor walls with one building material 20a, the number of joints of the building material 20 is reduced. For this reason, the number of joint hardware and construction labor can be reduced. Furthermore, since the number of pieces of the housing is reduced, the accuracy of stacking can be managed with one piece, which is advantageous in terms of management. This also leads to a reduction in management costs. Furthermore, since the number of joints is reduced, the finishing gap is also reduced, and the quality accuracy is improved.

  Any of the panels 30a, 30b, and 30c described above or a part of the plurality of panels 30a and 30c may be replaced with other building materials. For example, a laminated beam may be used instead of the panel 30b. In this case, the beam of the laminated material may be provided with a joint metal equivalent to the panel 30b. In addition, a conventional CLT panel may be used for a part of the plurality of panels 30a, 30b, and 30c, and the exterior material 40 is not entirely attached to the first surface 31 ( That is, a CLT panel in which at least a part of the first surface 31 is exposed may be used.

B. Second embodiment:
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a joint structure as a second embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. Also in FIG. 6, the exterior material 40 is not shown. The panel 230a of the building 210 has two vertical holes 251a extending in parallel with the outer surface 231a and the inner surface 232a (more specifically, in the vertical direction) near both ends in the horizontal direction. The panel 230a has a plurality of horizontal holes 252a extending from the inner surface 232a to at least the vertical holes 251a. In this embodiment, the horizontal hole 252a extends to the vicinity of the outer surface 231a beyond the vertical hole 251a.

  The panel 230b of the building 210 includes two joint hardware 250b at positions corresponding to the vertical holes 251a of the panel 230a. The metal joint 250b includes a base plate 251b and a shaft portion 252b. The base plate 251b is embedded in the outer edge (upper end) of the panel 230b. The shaft portion 252b extends from the base plate 251b in parallel to the outer surface 231b and the inner surface 232b (more specifically, downward in the vertical direction). The shaft portion 252b protrudes from the panel 230b. This protruding portion is called a protruding portion 253b.

  The shaft portion 252b is formed with a through hole 254b penetrating in a direction orthogonal to the outer surface 231b and the inner surface 232b inside the panel 230b. Further, the panel 230b is formed with a lateral hole 257b extending from the inner surface 232b in a direction orthogonal to the outer surface 231b. The lateral hole 257b is provided at a position communicating with the through hole 254b. By inserting the drift pin 256 into the horizontal hole 257b and the through hole 254b, the metal joint 250b is fixed to the panel 230b. In this embodiment, the metal joint 250b is attached to the panel 230b at the factory. This streamlines on-site construction. However, the metal joint 250b may be inserted and attached to a vertical hole formed in the panel 230b at the construction site.

  The protrusion 253b has a plurality of lateral holes 255b that penetrate in a direction orthogonal to the outer surface 231b and the inner surface 232b. The lateral hole 255b is provided at a position communicating with the lateral hole 252a. When joining panel 230a and panel 230b, panel 230b is arranged on panel 230a, and drift pin 256 is inserted into lateral hole 252a and lateral hole 255b. Also with such a joining structure, the panels 230a and 230b can be joined by one-side construction from the inside of the building 210 as shown by the arrows. The metal joint 250b described above is suitable when it is not necessary to install a panel on the panel 230b.

C. Third embodiment:
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a joint structure as a third embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the same components as those of the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the first or second embodiment, and description thereof is omitted. Also in FIG. 7, the exterior material 40 is not shown. The building 310 is different from the first embodiment in that the building 310 includes a metal fitting 350b instead of the metal fittings 50a, 50b, and 50c of the first embodiment.

  The panel 330c has a vertical hole 351c and a plurality of horizontal holes 352c. The vertical hole 351c and the horizontal hole 352c have the same structure as the vertical hole 251a and the horizontal hole 252a. The metal joint 350b includes a protruding portion 353b instead of the base plate 251b of the second embodiment. The protrusion 353b has a plurality of lateral holes 355b. The protruding portion 353b has the same structure as the lateral hole 252a. In this embodiment, the metal joint 350b is attached to the panel 230b at the factory. This streamlines on-site construction. However, the joint hardware 350b may be inserted and attached to a vertical hole formed in the panel 230b at the construction site. The third embodiment is suitable for a building or a place where the stress is relatively small.

  The joint structure described above can be used not only for joining the building materials 20, 230, and 330 but also for joining the building materials 20, 230, and 330 with any building material. The joint structure described above may be used, for example, for joining the building material 20 and the base 15. Or when combining a conventional construction method and a CLT construction method, you may use the junction structure mentioned above for those connection parts.

  As mentioned above, although several embodiment of this invention was described, embodiment mentioned above is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and equivalents thereof are included in the present invention. In addition, any combination or omission of each form element described in the claims and the specification is possible within a range in which at least a part of the above-described problems can be solved or a range in which at least a part of the effect is achieved It is.

10, 210, 310 ... Building 15 ... Base 20, 20a, 20b, 20c ... Building material 30, 30a, 30b, 30c, 230a, 230b, 330c ... CLT panels 31, 31a, 31b, 231a, 231b ... First surface (Outside)
32, 32a, 32b, 232a, 232b ... second surface (inner surface)
40 ... Exterior material 60 ... Nut 256 ... Drift pin 50a, 50c ... Junction structure 51a, 51c ... Box connector (joint fitting)
52a, 52c ... Through hole 53a, 53c ... Through hole 70a, 70c ... Metal fitting 71a ... Metal body 72a ... Projection 73a ... Through hole 74a ... Drift pin 80b ... Metal fitting 81b ... Through hole (concave)
250b ... Metal fitting 251a ... Vertical hole 251b ... Base plate 252a ... Horizontal hole 252b ... Shaft part 253b ... Protrusion 254b ... Through hole 255b ... Horizontal hole 257b ... Horizontal hole 350b ... Joint metal 351c ... Vertical hole 352c ... Horizontal hole 353b ... Protrusion 355b

Claims (8)

Building materials,
A CLT panel having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
An exterior material attached to the entire first surface,
The CLT panel includes a joining structure capable of joining the building material to another building material without processing the exterior material ,
The joint structure is a rod-shaped joint hardware embedded in the CLT panel, and includes a rod-shaped joint hardware extending in parallel with the first surface,
At least one end of the rod-shaped joint hardware is a building material that protrudes outward from the CLT panel . An architectural material,
A CLT panel having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
An exterior material entirely attached to the first surface;
With
The CLT panel includes a joining structure capable of joining the building material to another building material without processing the exterior material,
The joint structure includes a box-shaped joint hardware embedded in an outer edge of the CLT panel,
The box-shaped joint hardware has a through hole for inserting a rod-shaped joint hardware for joining the building material to another building material,
The second surface side of the box-shaped joint hardware is exposed and opened. Construction material. The building material according to claim 1 ,
The at least one end protruding outward from the CLT panel is provided with a threaded portion. The building material according to claim 1 ,
The bar-shaped joint metal fitting has a horizontal hole penetrating in a direction orthogonal to the first surface at a portion protruding outward from the CLT panel. An architectural material,
A CLT panel having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface;
An exterior material entirely attached to the first surface;
With
The CLT panel includes a joining structure capable of joining the building material to another building material without processing the exterior material,
The joint structure is
A vertical hole for inserting a first rod-shaped joining hardware, the vertical hole extending in parallel with the first surface;
A building material comprising: a horizontal hole for inserting a second rod-shaped joint metal fitting, the horizontal hole extending from the second surface to at least the vertical hole. The building material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
The joint structure includes a joint hardware embedded in an outer edge portion of the CLT panel,
The said joint metal fitting is provided with the recessed part for fitting with the convex part provided in the said other building material, or the convex part for fitting with the recessed part provided in the said other building material. A building,
A building comprising a plurality of the building materials according to any one of claims 1 to 6 . The building according to claim 7 ,
At least a part of the plurality of building materials is a building having a height of two floors.

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