JP6531912B2 - 燃焼ガスからの集積二酸化炭素ガス分離の為のプロセス - Google Patents
燃焼ガスからの集積二酸化炭素ガス分離の為のプロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6531912B2 JP6531912B2 JP2015549909A JP2015549909A JP6531912B2 JP 6531912 B2 JP6531912 B2 JP 6531912B2 JP 2015549909 A JP2015549909 A JP 2015549909A JP 2015549909 A JP2015549909 A JP 2015549909A JP 6531912 B2 JP6531912 B2 JP 6531912B2
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 638
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 348
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 317
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 317
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 227
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 223
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 206
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 94
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 90
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 100
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- -1 steam Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012444 downstream purification process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JBFYUZGYRGXSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolide Chemical compound C1=C[N-]C=N1 JBFYUZGYRGXSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、先行して提出された特許文献1、名称「System and Method for Integrated Adsorptive Gas Separation of Combustion Gases」に関するものであり、その内容は全体的に本明細書に援用される。本発明は、先行して提出された特許文献2、名称「Method of Adsorptive Gas Separation using Thermally Conductive Contactor Structure」に関するものであり、その内容は全体的に本明細書に援用される。また本出願は、先行して提出された特許文献3、名称「Parallel Passage Fluid Contactor Structure」に関するものであり、その内容はまた、全体的に本明細書に援用される。
(a)燃料流入口へ燃料流を流入させ、前記燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口へ酸化剤流を流入させ、前記燃焼ガス流を形成する工程;
(b)各々が前記二酸化炭素成分を吸着する為の吸着材料を少なくとも1種含む複数の吸着剤接触器を有する吸着ガス分離システムに前記燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(c)少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流入口に前記燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(d)前記燃焼ガス流の前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着させる工程;
(e)前記燃焼ガス流より前記二酸化炭素成分が欠乏している第1の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の流出口から回収する工程;
(f)少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器内の少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第1部分を脱離する工程;
(g)前記燃焼ガス流より前記二酸化炭素成分が豊富である第2の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;
(h)少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第2部分を脱離する工程;
(i)前記二酸化炭素成分の前記第2部分を含む第3の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;ならびに
(j)燃焼用の前記燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口へ前記第3の生成物流の少なくとも一部を再循環させる工程が含まれる。
(a)酸化剤流入口、燃焼チャンバ及び排気流出口を備え、操作中に前記燃焼ガス流を形成する原動機;
(b)加熱流体流を受け入れるように流体連結された加熱回路により、脱離流体流を受け入れて過熱するように流体連結された補助熱交換導管を備える補助熱交換器;
(c)流入口及び流出口を備え、前記二酸化炭素成分を吸着する為の少なくとも1種の吸着材料を含む少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器を備える吸着ガス分離器が備えられ、
ここでは、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器は、前記原動機の前記排気流出口から少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口に入る前記燃焼ガス流を受け入れるように流体連結され、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料上に前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を吸着させ、
前記吸着剤接触器は、前記補助熱交換導管からの前記脱離流体流を受け入れるように流体連結され、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料上の前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を脱離し、富二酸化炭素生成物流を形成し、また
前記脱離流体流は周囲より約2バール高い圧力未満の圧力の供給流で前記補助熱交換導管に流入される。
(a)複数の吸着剤接触器を有する吸着ガス分離システムに前記ガス流を流入させる工程;
(b)前記二酸化炭素成分を吸着する為の少なくとも1種の吸着材料を有する少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の流入口に前記ガス流を流入させる工程;
(c)前記ガス流の前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着させる工程;
(d)前記ガス流より前記二酸化炭素成分が欠乏している第1の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の流出口から回収する工程;
(e)少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料を有する少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口への前記ガス流の流入を停止する工程;
(f)少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料の加熱により、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器内の少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第1部分を脱離する工程;
(g)前記二酸化炭素成分が豊富な第2の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;
(h)少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第2部分を脱離する工程;ならびに
(i)前記二酸化炭素成分の前記第2部分を含む第3の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程が含まれ、
ここでは、工程(b)から(i)は少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器内で逐次行われる。
(a)燃料流を燃料流入口に流入させ、酸化剤流を前記燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口に流入させ、前記燃焼ガス流を形成する工程;
(b)前記燃焼ガス流を前記ガス分離システムに流入させる工程;
(c)前記ガス分離システム内で前記燃焼ガス流の前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を収着する工程;
(d)前記燃焼ガス流より二酸化炭素が欠乏している排ガス流を前記ガス分離システムから回収する工程;
(e)前記ガス分離システム内で前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を脱離する工程;
(f)少なくとも周期的に酸化剤流を前記ガス分離システムに流入させ混合酸化剤流を形成する工程;及び
(g)少なくとも周期的に前記混合酸化剤流を前記ガス分離システムから回収し、少なくとも周期的に前記混合酸化剤流の少なくとも一部を前記燃料燃焼炉の前記酸化剤流入口に流入させる工程が含まれ、
ここでは、少なくとも周期的に実質的に全ての前記脱離二酸化炭素成分を前記混合酸化剤流で回収する。
(a)燃料流入口、酸化剤流入口及び排ガス流出口を備え、操作中に前記燃焼ガス流を形成する燃料燃焼炉;
(b)燃焼ガス流入口、酸化剤流入口、排ガス流出口、混合ガス流出口、及び少なくとも1種の収着材料を含む少なくとも1つの収着剤接触器を備え、少なくとも1種の前記収着材料に前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を収着することにより前記二酸化炭素成分を前記燃焼ガス流から分離できるように操作可能であるガス分離システム;
(c)前記燃料燃焼炉の前記排気流出口、及び前記ガス分離システムの前記燃焼ガス流入口に流体連結された燃焼ガス導管、ならびに
(d)前記ガス分離システムの前記混合ガス流出口、及び前記二酸化炭素成分の実質的に全ての脱離部を前記吸着ガス分離システムから回収する為の前記燃料燃焼炉の前記酸化剤流入口に流体連結された混合ガス導管が備えられる。
更なる実施態様では、プロセスには二酸化炭素も含む第3の生成物流を回収する工程も含まれ、第2の生成物流には第1脱離工程中に脱離された二酸化炭素が含まれ、第3の生成物流には例えば第2脱離工程中に脱離された二酸化炭素が含まれる。
(a)燃料流を燃料流入口に流入させ、酸化剤流を燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口に流入させ、二酸化炭素及び水分を含む燃焼ガス流を形成する工程;
(b)複数の吸着剤接触器を有する吸着ガス分離システムに燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(c)前記二酸化炭素成分を吸着する為の少なくとも1種の吸着材料を有する少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流入口に燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(d)少なくとも1つの吸着材料に燃焼ガス流の二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を吸着させる工程;
(e)燃焼ガス流より二酸化炭素成分が欠乏している第1の生成物流を少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流出口から回収する工程;
(f)少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器への燃焼ガス流の流れを停止させる工程;
(g)少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器内の少なくとも1種の吸着材料に吸着された二酸化炭素成分の第1部分を脱離する工程;
(h)燃焼ガス流より二酸化炭素成分が豊富な第2の生成物流を少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;
(i)少なくとも1種の吸着材料に吸着された二酸化炭素成分の第2部分を脱離する工程;
(j)二酸化炭素成分の第2部分を含む第3の生成物流を少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程、ならびに
(k)燃焼の為の燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口に第3の生成物流の少なくとも一部を流入させる工程が含まれる。
Claims (27)
- 燃焼ガス流の少なくとも一部を燃料燃焼炉から分離する集積吸着ガス分離プロセスであって、前記燃焼ガス流には少なくとも二酸化炭素及び水分が含まれ、該プロセスには:
(a)燃料流入口へ燃料流を流入させ、前記燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口へ酸化剤流を流入させ、前記燃焼ガス流を形成する工程;
(b)各々が前記二酸化炭素成分を吸着する為の吸着材料を少なくとも1種含む複数の吸着剤接触器を有する吸着ガス分離システムに前記燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(c)少なくとも1つの吸着剤接触器の流入口に前記燃焼ガス流を流入させる工程;
(d)前記燃焼ガス流の前記二酸化炭素成分の少なくとも一部を、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着させる工程;
(e)前記燃焼ガス流より前記二酸化炭素成分が欠乏している第1の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の流出口から回収する工程;
(f)前記二酸化炭素成分の第1部分を脱離するのに十分な量で脱離流体流を少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器に流入させる工程;
(g)工程(f)の後、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器内の少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第1部分を脱離する工程;
(h)前記燃焼ガス流より前記二酸化炭素成分が豊富である第2の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;
(i)調節流を少なくとも1種の吸着剤物質を有する少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器に入れる工程;
(j)工程(i)の後、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の第2部分を脱離する工程;および
(k)補助熱交換器に流入した加熱流体により補助熱交換器導管内の前記脱離流体流を加熱する工程であって、脱離流体供給流を周囲圧力以上でかつ周囲圧力より2バール高い圧力未満の圧力で前記補助熱交換導管に入れる工程;が含まれることを特徴とする集積吸着ガス分離プロセス。 - (l)前記二酸化炭素成分の前記第2部分を含む第3の生成物流を、少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口及び流出口の少なくとも1つから回収する工程;および
(m)燃焼用の前記燃料燃焼炉の酸化剤流入口へ前記第3の生成物流の少なくとも一部を流入させる工程;が更に含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。 - 前記脱離流体流には:蒸気流、高熱燃焼ガス流、空気流及び加熱空気流のうちの少なくとも1種が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記調節流には:空気流、加熱空気流、排ガス流、及び蒸気流のうちの少なくとも1種が含まれることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のうちのいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記吸着ガス分離システムには少なくとも3つの吸着剤接触器が備えられ、前記吸着ガス分離システムからの前記第1の生成物流、前記第2の生成物流及び前記第3の生成物流の前記回収が、それぞれの第1、第2及び第3吸着剤接触器で実質的に同時に行われることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 工程(c)〜(j)が1つの吸着剤接触器において逐次行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第2の生成物流の前記脱離に先立って、少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料を有する少なくとも1つの前記吸着剤接触器の前記流入口に前記燃焼ガス流を流すことを停止させる工程が工程(f)に更に含まれることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の生成物ガスが実質的に二酸化炭素を含まず、前記第2生成物ガスが実質的に二酸化炭素から構成されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第3の生成物流の温度が周囲空気温度より高いことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第3の生成物流の温度が周囲空気温度より低いことを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第3の生成物流に水が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 前記酸化剤流に空気が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記酸化剤流の酸素濃度が周囲空気より低いことを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記酸化剤流に、酸素が追加された空気が含まれていることを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記圧力が周囲圧力以上でかつ周囲圧力より1バール高い圧力未満であることを特徴とする請求項1〜14のうちのいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記加熱流体が気体であることを特徴とする請求項1〜15のうちのいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記加熱流体が液体であることを特徴とする請求項1〜15のうちのいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 以下の工程、すなわち、
前記燃焼ガス流の少なくとも一部を燃焼ガス冷却器に流入させ、前記燃焼ガス流中の前記水分の少なくとも一部を分離し、第1凝縮物流を形成する工程;
前記第1凝縮物流を回収する工程;及び
前記燃焼ガス流の少なくとも一部を補助熱交換器に流入させ、熱を前記脱離流体流に移送する工程であって、前記脱離流体流の少なくとも一部には前記第1凝縮物流が含まれている工程;が更に含まれる請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。 - 以下の工程、すなわち、
前記前記第2生成物流の少なくとも一部を凝縮器に流入させ、前記第2の生成物流から前記水分の少なくとも一部を分離し、第2凝縮物流を形成する工程;及び
前記第2凝縮物流の少なくとも一部を前記脱離流体流の少なくとも一部として流入させる工程;が更に含まれる請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。 - 以下の工程、すなわち、
前記前記第2の生成物流の少なくとも一部を圧縮システム内の複数の凝縮器に流入させ、前記第2の生成物流から前記水分の少なくとも一部を分離し、複数ある段階間の凝縮物流を形成する工程;及び
前記複数ある段階間の凝縮物流を、HRSGの1つ以上の熱交換導管又は補助熱交換器に流入させる工程;が更に含まれる請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。 - 少なくとも1つの前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の前記第1部分を脱離させるのに十分な量と同等又はそれを超える量で前記第1凝縮物流を回収することを特徴とする請求項18に記載のプロセス。
- 少なくとも1つの前記吸着材料に吸着された前記二酸化炭素成分の前記第1部分を脱離させるのに十分な量と同等又はそれを超える量で前記第1凝縮物流及び前記第2凝縮物流を回収することを特徴とする請求項19に記載のプロセス。
- 前記燃料流としての天然ガス流、前記酸化剤流及び前記第3の生成物流を前記燃料燃焼炉に流入させ、二酸化炭素濃度が4%超の前記燃焼ガス流を形成する工程が更に含まれることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記二酸化炭素濃度が6%超であることを特徴とする請求項23に記載のプロセス。
- 前記二酸化炭素濃度が10%超であることを特徴とする請求項23に記載のプロセス。
- 前記二酸化炭素濃度が20%超であることを特徴とする請求項23に記載のプロセス。
- 少なくとも1種の前記吸着材料に吸着された残りの前記二酸化炭素成分の実質的に全てを脱離するのに十分な量で、前記調節流を流入させることを特徴とする請求項1〜26のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
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AU2013370910B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
AU2018213353B2 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
CN107008102B (zh) | 2020-05-01 |
JP2019150827A (ja) | 2019-09-12 |
CN107008102A (zh) | 2017-08-04 |
AU2018213765A1 (en) | 2018-08-23 |
WO2014100904A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
US11378274B2 (en) | 2022-07-05 |
JP2019150828A (ja) | 2019-09-12 |
EP2938425A4 (en) | 2016-11-23 |
CN105050688B (zh) | 2017-03-15 |
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