JP6480752B2 - Non-land surface leveling apparatus and surface leveling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for correcting unevenness of a wall surface of a structure (there is unevenness and unevenness), and in particular, an unevenness correction apparatus and an unevenness adjusting apparatus by excavating an uneven surface of a wall surface. It relates to the land leveling method.

  For example, in the case of improvement work of a dam facility, Patent Document 1 discloses a construction of a dam dam body by temporarily attaching an underwater temporary cutoff facility to the reservoir side (upstream side) wall of the dam dam body prior to the construction. The separation of the part and the reservoir is disclosed. In Patent Document 1, an underwater temporary cutoff facility includes a caisson (steel shell) that is installed on a wall surface of a dam dam body and has a U-shape in a plan view, and a bottom block that is disposed below the caisson.

  Patent Document 2 relates to a method for installing an underwater provisional cutoff facility, and when installing the caisson side part in close contact with the wall surface, use a special watertight metal fitting to omit the unevenness of the wall surface. Is disclosed.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a guide mast type excavator that excavates a wall surface while being pressed against the wall surface.

  Patent document 4 is disclosing the rotary cutter called a twin header as an excavator. This includes a casing extending on the front end side of a mounting flange attached to a bracket provided on the arm portion of the work vehicle, and a pair of rotating drums attached to the left and right ends of the casing via drive shafts. A plurality of excavation picks are radially planted on the peripheral surface of the rotating drum.

JP 11-229355 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-100800 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-054051 JP 2004-190388 A

For example, when renovating a dam, when installing an underwater temporary cutoff facility upstream of the dam body, it is necessary to correct the unevenness of the bottom block of the underwater temporary cutoff facility and the door-to-door portion of the caisson side.
That is, in the area where the bottom block and caisson of the underwater temporary cutoff facility are in contact with the levee body, local unevenness, deteriorated parts and overall large undulations of the concrete on the upstream surface of the dam body are removed, and a uniform and uniform surface Need to build.
Conventionally, however, divers have been carried out by using human power (human power is suspended) or using a frame with a breaker that can be used underwater, which is not efficient and inaccurate.

  In view of such a situation, the present invention provides a non-land leveling device and a non-leveling leveling method that can perform non-level leveling of a wall surface with high efficiency and accuracy even underwater. Let it be an issue.

A wall surface leveling apparatus according to the present invention is:
A guide rail installed along the wall;
A contact portion to the guide rail, and an excavator provided with an excavation portion for excavating the wall surface;
An excavator moving mechanism for moving the excavator along the guide rail;
It is comprised including.
The guide rail is installed in the vertical direction along the wall surface except for a special case.

The wall surface unevenness correction method according to the present invention is as follows.
1) Install guide rails along the wall,
2) While moving the excavator along the guide rail,
3) A wall surface is excavated by the excavator.

  According to the present invention, the guide rail installed along the wall surface is used, and the excavator is positioned in contact with the guide rail, so that the leveling work can be performed efficiently and accurately.

The side view of the whole unevenness leveling apparatus which shows one Embodiment of this invention Front view of the main part of the same unevenness leveling device Side view of the main part of the same unevenness leveling device Top view of the main part of the same unevenness leveling device The principal part top view of the unevenness leveling apparatus which shows the deformation | transformation aspect of a reaction force receiving mechanism

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
1 to 4 show an unevenness leveling device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a front view of the main part, FIG. 3 is a side view of the main part, and FIG. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, with reference to FIG. 1, an explanation will be given by taking, as an example, an unevenness leveling work in the water of the wall surface 2 on the reservoir side (upstream side) of the existing dam body 1. Such work is to correct the unevenness of the bottom block of the underwater temporary cutoff facility or the door-to-door portion of the caisson side prior to installing the underwater temporary cutoff facility on the upstream wall 2 of the existing dam body 1. Done for the purpose. However, the application example of the unevenness leveling apparatus and method according to the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in addition to dams, it can be applied to construction such as sluice facilities, and can also be applied to construction in the air in addition to underwater.

  Moreover, since the wall surface of the structure which is the object of the unevenness leveling work in the present embodiment is the wall surface 2 on the reservoir side of the dam dam body 1, Inclined to the side. In this case, the inclination angle (the angle of the wall surface with respect to the horizontal plane, θ in FIG. 1) is generally 45 ° to 60 ° or more and less than 90 °. The unevenness correction apparatus and method according to the present invention have been developed and studied on the premise of such an inclination, but can be applied to a gentle inclination of less than 45 ° or a reverse inclination of 90 ° or more.

In order to obtain a reference point in water, a pair of upper and lower reference mounts 3 and 7 are installed on the wall surface 2, and these reference mounts 3 and 7 are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the lower reference frame 3 is made of an H-shaped steel made up of an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web, and extends in the left-right direction.
As shown in FIG. 3, the lower reference frame 3 is fixed with bolts 5 on a reference frame bracket 4 made of H-section steel. The reference mount bracket 4 is fixed to the wall surface 2 with anchor bolts 6 or the like.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper reference frame 7 is made of an H-shaped steel made of an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web, and extends in the left-right direction, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. .
As shown in FIG. 3, the upper reference frame 7 is fixed with bolts 9 on a reference frame bracket 8 made of H-section steel. The reference mount bracket 8 is fixed to the wall surface 2 with anchor bolts 10 or the like.

These reference mounts 3 and 7 are installed by measuring the position and height underwater. Then, a pair of left and right guide rails 11 and 12 are installed at arbitrary positions in the left and right direction based on the reference mounts 3 and 7.
The pair of left and right guide rails 11 and 12 are arranged at an interval in the left and right direction.
Each of the guide rails 11 and 12 is made of an H-shaped steel made up of an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web, and extends in the vertical direction.

The lower end portions of the guide rails 11 and 12 are placed on the upper surface of the lower reference frame 3 and fixed with bolts 13.
A guide rail bracket 14 is fixed to the upper ends of the guide rails 11 and 12 with bolts 15. The guide rail bracket 14 is placed on the upper surface of the upper reference frame 7 and fixed with bolts 16.
The reference mounts 3 and 4 are provided with a plurality of bolt holes for fixing the guide rails 11 and 12 (or the guide rail brackets 14) arranged in the longitudinal direction (left and right direction). The direction can be changed.

  A jack bolt 17 that can adjust the amount of protrusion toward the wall surface 2 is fixed to a middle portion in the longitudinal direction of the guide rails 11 and 12, and a tip portion of the jack bolt 17 is in contact with the wall surface 2. This is to prevent the guide rails 11 and 12 from being bent.

Next, the excavator 20 will be described.
The excavator 20 is attached to the front surface side (side opposite to the wall surface 2) of the support portion 22 at the four corners of the main body (steel frame) 21 via a liner plate 23, and attached to the tip of the leg portion 24. The endless rollers 25 called “chill tanks” are provided so that the endless rollers 25 can come into contact with the guide rails 11 and 12 and can travel on the guide rails 11 and 12. Therefore, the leg part 24 and the endless roller 25 form a contact part to the guide rails 11 and 12. In the present embodiment, the contact portion of the excavator 20 with respect to the guide rails 11 and 12 is in rolling contact with the endless rollers 25, but is not limited thereto, and various contact forms can be employed.

  In addition, guide members 26 formed of half steel pipes and extending in the front-rear direction are fixed to the left and right sides of the main body 21 of the excavator 20, and the left and right guide members 26 are on the inner side of the guide rails 11 and 12. The position of the left-right direction is regulated relative to the part. Various guide functions can be adopted for the guide function.

  For the liner plate 23, for example, plates having thicknesses of 1 mm to 30 mm and different thicknesses of 1 mm are prepared. By selecting the thickness, the relative position between the abutting portion and the excavating portion described later can be set. Adjustable. Therefore, the amount of excavation (excavation depth) can be adjusted.

The excavator 20 also includes a rotary cutter, in particular, a twin header (underwater twin header) 27 as an excavation part on the front side of the central portion of the main body 21. The twin header 27 includes rotating drums 27b at both ends of a horizontal rotating shaft 27a rotated by a hydraulic motor, and a plurality of excavation picks (27c) are radially arranged on the peripheral surface of the rotating drum 27b. In the figure, reference numeral 27c denotes an excavation surface according to the rotation trajectory of the tip of the excavation pick.
The excavator 20 also has a heavy object fixed at an appropriate position of the main body 21 so as to increase its own weight so that the reaction force from the wall surface 2 can be received even when the wall surface 2 is steeply inclined.

Next, the excavator moving mechanism (excavator lifting mechanism) will be described.
As the excavator moving mechanism, a crane 30 is provided on the top of the dam dam body 1. In addition, about the top end, in order to secure work space, such as the crane 30, the temporary gantry is installed and expanded.

  The crane 30 suspends the excavator 20 by the wire 31 and raises and lowers the excavator 20. When the excavator 20 is suspended by the crane 30, the twin header 27 of the excavation part abuts against the wall surface 2 due to the inclination of the wall surface 2 and the weight of the excavator 20, and the excavation amount (excavation depth) is When the predetermined value is reached, the endless roller 25 at the contact portion contacts the guide rails 11 and 12.

  Further, the wire 32 locked to the upper ends of the guide rails 11 and 12 is routed to the back side of the excavator 20, and the lower ends of the wires 32 are locked to the lower ends of the guide rails 11 and 12. The wire 32 corresponds to a reaction force receiving mechanism that supports the excavator 20 from the back side and receives a reaction force from the wall surface 2. A tensioner is provided in the path of the wire 32 to apply a predetermined tension.

Next, the unevenness leveling work for the wall surface 2 will be described.
First, the base frames 3 and 7 are installed on the wall surface 2 on the upstream side of the dam body 1 by measuring the position and height underwater. Thereby, the survey of the construction base surface in water becomes easy. Moreover, it becomes possible to arrange | position the guide rails 11 and 12 which define the traveling position of the excavator 20 correctly.

  Next, the guide rails 11 and 12 are installed on the left and right of the non-land portion based on the reference frame 3.7. Thereby, the guide rails 11 and 12 can be installed in the vertical direction along the wall surface 2 (in parallel with the wall surface 2).

  Next, the excavator 20 is suspended by the crane 30, and the twin header 27, which is the excavator of the excavator 20, is guided to the vicinity of the lower reference mount 3, and abuts against the uneven portion between the guide rails 11 and 12. Let At this time, the excavator 20 comes into contact with the inclination of the wall surface 2 due to the weight of the excavator 20. Then, the twin header 27 of the excavator 20 is operated to excavate the non-land portion where the twin header 27 abuts. When a predetermined excavation amount (excavation depth) is reached, the endless roller 25 which is an abutting portion of the excavator 20 comes into contact with the guide rails 11 and 12, and the excavation amount is regulated. Thereafter, while slowly lifting the excavator 20 by the crane 30, the uneven portion between the guide rails 11 and 12 is excavated from the bottom to the top, and is corrected.

At this time, by attaching an underwater camera and an underwater microphone (not shown) to the excavator 20, and constantly monitoring the excavation state on land, the burden on the diver can be reduced.
The reaction force from the wall surface 2 side during excavation is received by the weight of the excavator 20, but may be insufficient when the wall surface 2 is steep. Therefore, the excavator 20 is supported by the wire 32 from the back side so that the reaction force can be received by the wire 32.

  The excavator 20 is moved from the bottom to the top near the upper reference gantry 7, and after finishing the unevenness correction of the part, the guide rails 11 and 12 are moved for the unevenness correction of the next part. . That is, with the guide rails 11 and 12 supported by the crane 30, the guide rails 11 and 12 are removed from the reference mounts 3 and 7 and lifted by the crane 30, and the guide rails 11 and 12 are moved in the left and right directions by a predetermined amount. Move it and reattach it to the reference racks 3 and 7. Then, the excavator 20 is suspended by the crane 30 and moved from the bottom to the top along the guide rails 11 and 12 to which the excavator 20 has been reattached, and the unevenness of the part is adjusted. Thereafter, the necessary range of unevenness correction is performed in the same manner.

  The unevenness leveling apparatus according to the present embodiment includes guide rails 11 and 12 installed in the vertical direction along the wall surface 2, contact portions (endless rollers 25) to the guide rails 11 and 12, and the wall surface 2. Since the excavator 20 includes an excavator 20 for excavating the excavator (twin header 27) and an excavator moving mechanism (crane 30) for moving the excavator 20 up and down, it is efficiently and accurately corrected for unevenness. Work can be done.

  The unevenness leveling device according to the present embodiment is configured to further include a reaction force receiving mechanism (wire 32) that supports the excavator 20 from the back side and receives the reaction force from the wall surface 2 during excavation. In the case where the wall surface 2 is steep and the excavator 20 is not able to receive a sufficient reaction force only by its own weight, it is possible to obtain the effect that the attitude of the excavator 20 can be stabilized by receiving the reaction force. .

The reaction force required for the reaction force receiving mechanism is as follows.
Reaction force required for reaction force receiving mechanism ≥ (Reaction force necessary for excavation)-((Excavator's own weight) x cosθ)
Generally, the reaction force required for excavation increases as the excavation amount (excavation depth) increases (deep) and the structure to be excavated becomes harder.

  However, the reaction force receiving mechanism is not limited to this. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a principal part of the unevenness leveling device showing a modification of the reaction force receiving mechanism. In FIG. 5, the flanges of the guide rails 11 and 12 made of H-shaped steel are enclosed by the other end of the U-shaped engagement member 40 having one end fixed to the outer surface of the left and right leg portions 24 of the main body of the excavator 20. The excavator 20 is engaged with the guide rails 11 and 12. The engaging member 40 corresponds to a reaction force receiving mechanism that engages the excavator 20 with the guide rails 11 and 12 and receives a reaction force from the wall surface 2 during excavation. Thus, by setting it as the structure which receives reaction force in the guide rails 11 and 12, a reaction force receiving mechanism can be made simple and attachment / detachment becomes easy.

  The unevenness leveling apparatus according to this embodiment includes an adjustment mechanism that adjusts the relative position between the abutting portion (endless roller 25) and the excavating portion (twin header 27), specifically, an excavator main body 21 and the like. Since it further includes the liner plate 23 interposed between the contact portion (endless rollers 25), a desired excavation amount can be obtained by selecting the thickness of the liner plate 23.

  However, the adjustment mechanism is not limited to the liner plate 23 or the like. For example, a telescopic (variable) adjustment mechanism using a hydraulic jack or the like is used, and this is interposed between the excavator body 21 and the leg 24 or between the excavator body 21 and the twin header 27. Thus, the relative position between the contact portion (endless roller 25) and the excavation portion (twin header 27) can be adjusted, and an arbitrary excavation amount may be obtained.

  The unevenness leveling apparatus according to the present embodiment is configured to further include reference frames 3 and 7 that are horizontally mounted along the wall surface 2, and the guide rails 11 and 12 are mounted and installed on the reference frames 3 and 7. Therefore, when the guide rails 11 and 12 are re-installed in accordance with the change in the unevenness adjustment position, the reference rails 3 and 7 are used as a base, so that the guide rails 11 and 12 can be installed and changed easily and accurately. Can be done.

  In the unevenness leveling apparatus according to the present embodiment, the excavator 20 is configured by a rotary cutter (twin header 27) that rotates about a horizontal rotation axis, and therefore can excavate the wall surface 2 satisfactorily. That is, since the rotation axis is in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the guide rails 11 and 12, when excavating by the twin headers 27, reaction forces and the like at the time of excavation are equally applied to the left and right guide rails 11 and 12. Therefore, vibration applied to the excavator 20 during excavation can be suppressed, and the attitude of the excavator 20 can be stabilized.

In the above, the guide rails 11 and 12 are installed in the vertical direction along the wall surface 2, and the wall surface 2 is excavated by the excavator 20 while the excavator 20 is suspended and lifted along the guide rails 11 and 12. Depending on the case, the guide rail may be installed in the lateral direction, and the excavator may be excavated while moving along the guide rail in the lateral direction.
In this case, the excavator may be moved such that the driving wheels provided on the excavator side travel on the guide rail. In addition, the excavator may be moved by rotating the winch, using a winch, a wire, and a pulley in combination, and adjusting the moving direction to the extending direction of the guide rail.

  The illustrated embodiments are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to those directly described by the described embodiments, and various improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims. Needless to say, it encompasses changes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dam dam body 2 Wall surface 3 Lower reference mount 4 Reference mount bracket 5 Bolt 6 Anchor bolt 7 Upper reference mount 8 Reference mount bracket 9 Bolt 10 Anchor bolt 11 Guide rail 12 Guide rail 13 Bolt 14 Guide rail bracket 15 Bolt 16 Bolt 17 Jack bolt 20 Excavator 21 Excavator body (steel frame)
22 Support part 23 Liner plate 24 Leg part 25 Endless roller (contact part)
26 Guide member 27 Twin header (excavation part)
27a Rotating shaft 27b Rotating drum 27c Excavation surface 30 by excavation pick Crane (excavator moving mechanism)
31 wire 32 wire (reaction force receiving mechanism)
40 Engagement member (Reaction force receiving mechanism)

Claims (6)

An uneven surface leveling device for inclined walls,
A pair of left and right guide rails installed so as to extend in the vertical direction along the wall surface;
A rotary drum excavation unit that is located between the pair of left and right guide rails to excavate the wall surface, and an excavator that includes a pair of left and right contact portions to the pair of left and right guide rails ;
Suspending the excavating machine from the top end side of the wall, and excavator moving mechanism for vertically moving along the excavator to the guide rail,
It is configured to include a,
The excavation part abuts on the wall surface by the inclination of the wall surface and the weight of the excavator, excavates the wall surface, and the abutment part abuts on the guide rail, thereby regulating an excavation amount. A wall surface leveling apparatus characterized by that . The wall surface unevenness correcting apparatus according to claim 1 , further comprising a reference mount attached in a horizontal direction along the wall surface, wherein the guide rail is attached to the reference mount. The wall surface unevenness correction apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a reaction force receiving mechanism that supports the excavator from the back side thereof and receives a reaction force from the wall surface. The wall surface unevenness correcting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a reaction force receiving mechanism that receives the reaction force from the wall surface by engaging the excavator with the guide rail. The wall surface unevenness correction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising an adjustment mechanism that adjusts a relative position between the contact portion and the excavation portion. A method for leveling an inclined wall,
A pair of left and right guide rails are installed so as to extend vertically along the wall surface,
Suspending the excavator from top end side of the wall, while the excavator is moved up and down along the guide rail,
The rotary drum excavation part of the excavator is positioned between the pair of left and right guide rails to restrict the position in the left-right direction, and the excavation part is placed on the wall surface by the inclination of the wall surface and the weight of the excavator. by abutment, drilling the wall,
A method of leveling a wall according to claim 1, wherein the amount of excavation is regulated by causing a pair of left and right abutting portions provided on the excavator side to abut against the guide rail .