JP6479003B2 - 排気ガス再循環を備えたガスタービンエンジンにおける燃焼及びエミッションを制御するシステム及び方法 - Google Patents
排気ガス再循環を備えたガスタービンエンジンにおける燃焼及びエミッションを制御するシステム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/002—Wall structures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/26—Controlling the air flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C1/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid
- F02C1/002—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid using an auxiliary fluid
- F02C1/005—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid using an auxiliary fluid being recirculated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/60—Fluid transfer
- F05D2260/61—Removal of CO2
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/08—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases
- F05D2270/083—Purpose of the control system to produce clean exhaust gases by monitoring combustion conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/20—Premixing fluegas with fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
- F23C2202/30—Premixing fluegas with combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2221/00—Pretreatment or prehandling
- F23N2221/12—Recycling exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2241/00—Applications
- F23N2241/20—Gas turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/40—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the use of catalytic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2013年7月31日出願の「SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING COMBUSTION AND EMISSIONS IN GAS TURBINE ENGINE WITH EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION」という名称の米国仮特許出願第61/860,214号に対して優先権及び利益を主張し、この特許出願は、これにより全ての目的に対してその全体が引用により組み込まれる。
本発明の実施形態は、排気ガス再循環を備えたガスタービンエンジンにおいて燃焼及びエミッションを制御するためのシステム及び方法を提供する。上記で記載された特徴のいずれか又はその組合せは、適切なあらゆる組合せで利用することができる点に留意されたい。当然ながら、このような組合せの全ての並び換えも本発明において企図される。一例として、以下の条項は、本発明の開示の更なる説明として提供される。
Claims (25)
- タービン燃焼器を備えたシステムであって、該タービン燃焼器が、
燃焼チャンバの周りに配置された燃焼器ライナーと、
前記燃焼チャンバを通る燃焼ガスの流れの下流方向に対して該燃焼チャンバの上流にあり、酸化剤流れ及び第1の燃料流れを該燃焼チャンバに向けて誘導するように構成されたヘッド端部と、
通路を構成し前記燃焼器ライナーに関してオフセットして配置された流れスリーブであって、該通路が、ガス流れを前記ヘッド端部に向け、かつ前記酸化剤流れの一部を前記タービン燃焼器のタービン端部に向けるように構成され、該ガス流れが、実質的に不活性のガスを含む前記流れスリーブと、
前記通路内にあり、動的障壁を有する動的障壁セクションであって、前記動的障壁は前記ガス流れと前記酸化剤流れの一部と間の流体インタフェースを有し、前記ヘッド端部領域に向けた該ガス流れが、前記タービン端部に向けた該酸化剤流れと相互作用する前記動的障壁セクションと、を備えている、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記ヘッド端部は、前記第1の燃料流れを前記燃焼チャンバの中に向けるように構成された第1の燃料ノズルと、第2の燃料流れを該燃焼チャンバの中に向けるように構成された第2の燃料ノズルとを有し、
前記第1の燃料ノズルは、前記第2の燃料ノズルとは別に制御される、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記ガス流れは、排気ガスを含み、
前記排気ガスは、約5容積パーセント未満の前記酸化剤又は前記第1の燃料を含む、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記動的障壁セクションは、前記酸化剤流れ、前記ガス流れ、又は両方を制限する1又は2以上の部分物理的障壁を有し、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 該動的障壁の位置が、該酸化剤流れの該部分と該ガス流れとの間の圧力差に少なくとも部分的に基づいて制御される、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記動的障壁セクションは、前記動的障壁で前記通路を制限するように構成された複数の流れガイドを有し、
請求項5に記載のシステム。 - 前記燃焼器ライナーは、複数の混合孔及び複数の希釈孔を有し、
前記複数の混合孔は、前記酸化剤流れ及び前記ガス流れのうちの少なくとも一方を前記燃焼チャンバの中に向けるように構成され、前記複数の希釈孔は、該ガス流れを該燃焼チャンバの中に向けるように構成される、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記タービン燃焼器と、該タービン燃焼器からの前記燃焼ガスによって駆動され、かつ排気ガスを出力するタービンと、該タービンによって駆動される排気ガス圧縮機とを有するガスタービンエンジンを備え、
前記排気ガス圧縮機は、前記排気ガスを圧縮して前記タービン燃焼器に送るように構成される、
請求項1に記載のシステム。 - 前記ガスタービンエンジンは、量論的排気ガス再循環(SEGR)ガスタービンエンジンである、
請求項8に記載のシステム。 - 前記ガスタービンエンジンに結合された排気ガス抽出システムと、該排気ガス抽出システムに結合された炭化水素生成システムとを有している、
請求項8に記載のシステム。 - タービン燃焼器を備えているシステムであって、該タービン燃焼器が、
燃焼チャンバの周りに配置された燃焼器ライナーと、
通路を構成するように前記燃焼器ライナーに関してオフセットして配置された流れスリーブと、を有し、前記通路が、
前記燃焼チャンバ内で第1の燃料と反応して燃焼ガスを生成するように構成された酸化剤を第1の方向に向けるように構成された酸化剤セクションと、
前記燃焼チャンバ内で前記燃焼器ライナー及び前記燃焼ガスを冷却するように構成された不活性ガスを前記第1の方向と実質的に反対の第2の方向に向けるように構成された冷却セクションと、
前記酸化剤セクションと前記冷却セクションの間の動的障壁セクションであって、前記第1の方向に流れる前記酸化剤が、前記第2の方向に流れる前記不活性ガスと相互作用し、前記第1の方向に流れる前記酸化剤と前記第2の方向に流れる前記不活性ガスとの間の流体インタフェースを有する動的障壁を形成する前記動的障壁セクションとを有している、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記燃焼チャンバ内の前記酸化剤と前記第1の燃料との間の比率を制御するように構成されたコントローラを有している、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記第1の燃料を前記燃焼チャンバの中に注入するように構成された第1の燃料ノズルを有し、
前記コントローラは、前記燃焼チャンバ内の前記酸化剤と前記第1の燃料との間の第1の比率を調節するために前記第1の燃料ノズルを通る1又は2以上の流れを制御するように構成されている、
請求項12に記載のシステム。 - 第2の燃料を前記燃焼チャンバの中に注入するように構成された第2の燃料ノズルを有し、
前記コントローラは、前記燃焼チャンバ内の前記酸化剤と前記第2の燃料との間の第2の比率を調節するために前記第2の燃料ノズルを通る1又は2以上の流れを制御するように構成される、
請求項13に記載のシステム。 - 前記不活性ガスは、排気ガスを含み、
前記排気ガスは、約5容積パーセント未満の前記酸化剤又は前記第1の燃料を含む、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記酸化剤セクションの中への前記酸化剤の第1の流れと、前記冷却セクションの中への前記不活性ガスの第2の流れと、該第1の流れ、該第2の流れ、又はこれらのいずれかの組合せを制御することに少なくとも部分的に基づく前記通路内の前記障壁セクションの位置とを制御するように構成されたコントローラを有している、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記通路は、酸化剤流れ、ガス流れ、又は両方を制限する1又は2以上の部分物理的障壁を有している、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記酸化剤セクションは、前記酸化剤を前記燃焼チャンバの中に向けて前記第1の燃料と混合させ、該燃焼チャンバ内の酸化剤の濃度を増加させ、又は該第1の燃料との反応温度を上昇させ、又はこれらのいずれかの組合せを行うように構成された複数の混合孔を有している、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 前記冷却セクションは、前記不活性ガスの第1の部分を前記燃焼チャンバの中に向けて前記燃焼器ライナーを冷却し、該燃焼チャンバ内の前記燃焼ガスを冷却し、又は該燃焼ガスのエミッションを低減し、又はこれらのいずれかの組合せを行うように構成された複数の希釈孔を有している、
請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 酸化剤及び燃料をタービン燃焼器のヘッド端部から燃焼チャンバの中に注入する段階と、
実質的に化学量論的燃焼をもたらすように前記燃焼チャンバ内で前記酸化剤及び前記燃料を燃焼させる段階と、
前記燃焼チャンバの周りに配置された通路に沿って前記ヘッド端部に向けて前記タービン燃焼器のタービン端部から上流に向けられた排気ガス流れを用いて該燃焼チャンバを冷却する段階と、
前記排気ガス流れと前記酸化剤の流量とを制御することによって動的障壁セクションの位置を制御する段階と、を含む、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 1又は2以上の燃料ノズルを通して前記燃焼チャンバの中に注入された前記酸化剤及び前記燃料のうちの少なくとも一方を制御することに少なくとも部分的に基づいて前記実質的に化学量論的燃焼を与える当量比を制御する段階を含む、
請求項20に記載の方法。 - 前記1又は2以上の燃料ノズルの中心燃料ノズルを通して注入された前記酸化剤及び前記燃料の第1の比率を制御し、同時に該1又は2以上の燃料ノズルの周囲燃料ノズルを通して注入された該酸化剤及び該燃料の第2の比率を維持することによって前記当量比を調節する段階を含む、
請求項21に記載の方法。 - 前記通路の混合孔、該通路の希釈孔、又はこれらのいずれかの組合せを通る前記燃焼チャンバの中への前記排気ガス流れを制御することによって前記当量比を調節する段階を含む、
請求項21に記載の方法。 - 前記燃焼チャンバを前記冷却する段階を制御するために前記排気ガス流れの一部を前記通路から抜き取る段階を含む、
請求項20に記載の方法。 - 前記通路内の前記酸化剤の一部、該通路内の前記排気ガス流れ、又はこれらのいずれかの組合せを制御することによって該通路内の前記動的障壁セクションを制御する段階を含み、
前記動的障壁セクションは、前記酸化剤及び前記排気ガス流れとのインタフェースを含む、
請求項20に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201361860214P | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | |
US61/860,214 | 2013-07-30 | ||
US14/444,601 US9903588B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-28 | System and method for barrier in passage of combustor of gas turbine engine with exhaust gas recirculation |
US14/444,601 | 2014-07-28 | ||
PCT/US2014/048722 WO2015017454A1 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-29 | System and method of controlling combustion and emissions in gas turbine engine with exhaust gas recirculation |
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JP6479003B2 true JP6479003B2 (ja) | 2019-03-06 |
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-
2014
- 2014-07-28 US US14/444,601 patent/US9903588B2/en active Active
- 2014-07-29 EP EP14750915.2A patent/EP3027867B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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- 2014-07-29 CN CN201480053841.7A patent/CN105745419B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-29 JP JP2016531835A patent/JP6479003B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20150033749A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
CN105745419A (zh) | 2016-07-06 |
JP2016527439A (ja) | 2016-09-08 |
CN105745419B (zh) | 2018-03-30 |
US9903588B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 |
EP3027867B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
WO2015017454A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
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