JP6295969B2 - 単結晶炭化珪素基板、単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法、および単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法 - Google Patents
単結晶炭化珪素基板、単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法、および単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 194
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 190
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 98
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 33
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 33
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005421 electrostatic potential Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N periodic acid Chemical compound OI(=O)(=O)=O KHIWWQKSHDUIBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005136 cathodoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005596 ionic collisions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 permanganate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009279 wet oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
- G01N23/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion
- G01N23/2251—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material using electron or ion using incident electron beams, e.g. scanning electron microscopy [SEM]
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- H01L21/0223—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate
- H01L21/02233—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer
- H01L21/02236—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a process other than a deposition process formation by oxidation, e.g. oxidation of the substrate of the semiconductor substrate or a semiconductor layer group IV semiconductor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02013—Grinding, lapping
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02019—Chemical etching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02024—Mirror polishing
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/10—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process
- H01L22/12—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process for structural parameters, e.g. thickness, line width, refractive index, temperature, warp, bond strength, defects, optical inspection, electrical measurement of structural dimensions, metallurgic measurement of diffusions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/20—Sequence of activities consisting of a plurality of measurements, corrections, marking or sorting steps
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D62/00—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
- H10D62/80—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials
- H10D62/83—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge
- H10D62/832—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group IV materials, e.g. B-doped Si or undoped Ge being Group IV materials comprising two or more elements, e.g. SiGe
- H10D62/8325—Silicon carbide
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- Testing Or Measuring Of Semiconductors Or The Like (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
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Description
まずミラー電子顕微鏡を説明する。ミラー電子顕微鏡は、例えば、日立評論、2012年2月号、46−51ページに説明されている。ミラー電子顕微鏡は電子顕微鏡の一種であり、試料に向けて照射した電子ビームを試料の直前で減速反転させ、戻ってきた電子ビームを電子レンズによって結像することによって試料の表面状態を観察する装置である。図1は、ミラー電子顕微鏡の構成を模式的に示している。図1に示すように、ミラー電子顕微鏡11は、電子源12と、第1の電子レンズ14と、セパレータ16と、第2の電子レンズ21と、蛍光板22と撮像装置23とを備える。
以下、本実施形態の単結晶炭化珪素基板を製造する方法を詳細に説明する。
次に本実施形態による単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法を説明する。本実施形態の単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法は、研磨が施された主面を有する単結晶炭化珪素基板に、電子線、または、電子線および紫外線を照射しながらミラー電子顕微鏡を用いて主面を観察し、主面における潜傷割合に基づき、単結晶炭化珪素基板の良否を判定する。これにより、従来の炭化珪素基板の検査方法では、非破壊では検出することができなかった潜傷の有無を評価することができ、潜傷割合を制御することによって、より高品位な単結晶炭化珪素基板であるか否かを判定することが可能となる。
本実施形態の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法により、単結晶炭化珪素基板を作製し、ミラー電子顕微鏡によって潜傷を観察した結果を示す。
単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造工程における、機械研磨後の面粗さRa、CMP時の研磨量t、RIEにおけるCF4によるエッチング(除去工程)およびO2によるエッチング(酸化工程)の有無を異ならせ、実施例A〜Eおよび比較例A〜Fの試料を作製した。条件を表1に示す。それ以外の条件については実施例1と同じ条件とした。
12 電子源
13 電源
14 第1の電子レンズ
15 電子ビーム
16 セパレータ
18 試料
18a 凸部
18b 凹部
20 電子ビーム
21 第2の電子レンズ
22 蛍光板
23 撮像装置
30 単結晶炭化珪素基板
30s 主面
30d(a)、30d(b) 潜傷
33 歪層
34 スクラッチ
35 酸化物層
Claims (14)
- 表面粗さRaがRa≦1nmを満たす主面を有する単結晶炭化珪素基板であって、
前記主面の面内において、直径100μmの視野で、任意に少なくとも50点以上前記主面を観察したとき、全観察視野数に対して、50μmの長さを超える筋状に観察され、前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の内部に位置する潜傷が存在する視野数を潜傷割合として、前記潜傷割合が50%未満である、単結晶炭化珪素基板。 - 前記潜傷割合は、前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の前記主面をミラー電子顕微鏡によって撮影することによって判定された請求項1に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板。
- 前記ミラー電子顕微鏡の撮影において、5keV以下の加速電圧で、電子線を前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の前記主面に照射したとき、前記主面はチャージアップしない請求項2に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板。
- 主面を有する単結晶炭化珪素基板を用意する工程(A)と、
前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の前記主面がRa≦5nmの表面粗さを有するまで、前記主面に機械研磨を施す工程(B)と、
前記機械研磨が施された前記主面に化学機械研磨を施す工程(C)と、
前記主面をエッチングする工程(D)と、
前記工程(C)から前記工程(D)までの間のいずれかにおいて、前記主面を酸化する工程(E)と
を包含し、
前記工程(C)において、前記化学機械研磨による前記主面の研磨量tは工程(B)における表面粗さRaを用いて、
Ra×70≦t
の関係を満たしている、
単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。 - 前記工程(E)を前記工程(C)と前記工程(D)との間に行い、
前記主面を酸化する工程(E)は、酸素ガスを含む反応性イオンエッチングを用いる、請求項4に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。 - 前記工程(D)と前記工程(E)とを、交互に繰り返してそれぞれ複数回行う請求項4または5に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。
- 前記複数回行う工程(D)のうち、最後に行う工程(D)は、フッ化水素酸を含む水溶液によって行う請求項6に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。
- 前記工程(E)を前記工程(C)と同時に行う、請求項4に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。
- 前記工程(E)を前記工程(D)と同時に行う、請求項4に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。
- 前記工程(D)および前記工程(E)を、反応性イオンエッチングを用いて行う請求項5から7および9のいずれかに記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の製造方法。
- 単結晶炭化珪素基板の主面に、電子線、又は電子線および紫外線を照射しながらミラー電子顕微鏡を用いて前記主面を観察し、前記主面における、前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の内部に存在する潜傷割合に基づき、前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の良否を判定する、単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法。
- 前記紫外線のエネルギーは、検査を行う単結晶炭化珪素基板を構成する材料のバンドギャップよりも大きい請求項11に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法。
- 前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の前記主面は、0.2nm以下の表面粗さを有する請求項11または12に記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法。
- 前記単結晶炭化珪素基板の前記主面は、5nm以下の酸化物層を有する請求項11から13のいずれかに記載の単結晶炭化珪素基板の検査方法。
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