JP6295274B2 - 歯周病の処置 - Google Patents
歯周病の処置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6295274B2 JP6295274B2 JP2015555660A JP2015555660A JP6295274B2 JP 6295274 B2 JP6295274 B2 JP 6295274B2 JP 2015555660 A JP2015555660 A JP 2015555660A JP 2015555660 A JP2015555660 A JP 2015555660A JP 6295274 B2 JP6295274 B2 JP 6295274B2
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- 229940010747 sodium hyaluronate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N sodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2-[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2- Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUPFOYXHAYOHIB-WZGOVNIISA-M sodium;(2s,5r,6r)-6-[[(2s)-2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl]amino]-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylate;(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]h Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@]1(C)S([C@H]2N(C(C2)=O)[C@H]1C(O)=O)(=O)=O)N1C=CN=N1.O=C1C(=O)N(CC)CCN1C(=O)N[C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N2[C@@H](C([O-])=O)C(C)(C)S[C@@H]21 TUPFOYXHAYOHIB-WZGOVNIISA-M 0.000 description 1
- JGMJQSFLQWGYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,6-dichloro-n-phenylaniline;acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O.ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 JGMJQSFLQWGYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AGHLUVOCTHWMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium;gold(3+);2-sulfanylbutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Au+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O AGHLUVOCTHWMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008174 sterile solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960003329 sulfinpyrazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinpyrazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C1CCS(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960000894 sulindac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N sulindac Chemical compound CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2\C1=C/C1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-MFOYZWKCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002871 tenoxicam Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WZWYJBNHTWCXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tenoxicam Chemical compound O=C1C=2SC=CC=2S(=O)(=O)N(C)C1=C(O)NC1=CC=CC=N1 WZWYJBNHTWCXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N terbinafine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CN(C\C=C\C#CC(C)(C)C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 DOMXUEMWDBAQBQ-WEVVVXLNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002722 terbinafine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N terramycin dehydrate Natural products C1=CC=C2C(O)(C)C3C(O)C4C(N(C)C)C(O)=C(C(N)=O)C(=O)C4(O)C(O)=C3C(=O)C2=C1O IWVCMVBTMGNXQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCQBWMAWTUBARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-ethenylpiperidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCCC(C=C)C1 JCQBWMAWTUBARI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002494 tetracaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960004989 tetracycline hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940040944 tetracyclines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002178 thiamazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N triamcinolone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@]([C@H](O)C4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 GFNANZIMVAIWHM-OBYCQNJPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002117 triamcinolone acetonide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N triamcinolone acetonide Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H]3OC(C)(C)O[C@@]3(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003500 triclosan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ODVKSTFPQDVPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N urinastatin Chemical compound C1C=CCCC11COC(C=2OC=CC=2)OC1 ODVKSTFPQDVPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010088854 urinastatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229950004227 zaltoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003952 β-lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/43—Guanidines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C17/00—Devices for cleaning, polishing, rinsing or drying teeth, teeth cavities or prostheses; Saliva removers; Dental appliances for receiving spittle
- A61C17/16—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices
- A61C17/20—Power-driven cleaning or polishing devices using ultrasonics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
- A61C19/06—Implements for therapeutic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C3/00—Dental tools or instruments
- A61C3/02—Tooth drilling or cutting instruments; Instruments acting like a sandblast machine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C3/00—Dental tools or instruments
- A61C3/06—Tooth grinding or polishing discs; Holders therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/155—Amidines (), e.g. guanidine (H2N—C(=NH)—NH2), isourea (N=C(OH)—NH2), isothiourea (—N=C(SH)—NH2)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/20—Elemental chlorine; Inorganic compounds releasing chlorine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/20—Halogens; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q11/00—Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/88—Two- or multipart kits
- A61K2800/884—Sequential application
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
「インプラント周囲炎(Peri−implantitis)」または「インプラント周囲炎(periimplantitis)」は、歯科インプラントを取り巻く軟および硬組織に影響を与える、破壊的な炎症のプロセスについて説明するために使用される歯科用語である。粘膜炎と比較して、インプラント周囲炎の定義は、骨欠損を含む。とりわけ、喫煙、細菌バイオフィルム(プラーク)の蓄積、口腔衛生および歯周状態は、影響因子である。本文脈においては、「歯周病」という用語は、インプラント周囲感染症、例えばインプラント周囲炎を包含する。
歯周病、例えばインプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎またはインプラント周囲粘膜炎を処置する、現在開示されている方法および/またはキットオブパーツは、持続可能な殺菌効果(実質的な殺菌効果)を有する洗浄および/または消毒剤、例えばクロルヘキシジン(CHX)を含む。
歯周病、例えばインプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎またはインプラント周囲粘膜炎を処置する、現在開示されている方法および/またはキットオブパーツは、速やかな殺菌効果を有する洗浄および/または消毒剤、例えばNaClOを含む。
a)NaClO溶液、およびb)CHX溶液から選択される、歯周病を処置するためのキットオブパーツを製造するための少なくとも2つの洗浄および/または消毒剤、および、まず作用剤a)を使用し、およびその後作用剤b)を使用する、既定の順序での上記の作用剤2種類の使用を記載する指示、ならびに場合により、上記の洗浄剤を適用する前、間、最中および/または後に、両方の作用剤で処置される微生物感染部位をすすぐことを使用することが現在想定されている。
歯周病、例えばインプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎またはインプラント周囲粘膜炎を処置する、現在開示されている方法および/またはキットオブパーツは、歯周病に罹患した患者における微生物感染部位にて、病原体バイオフィルムを持続可能に除去、破壊、停止および/または中断する方法を含み、この方法は、一実施形態において、まず、速やかな殺菌効果を有する少なくとも1つの洗浄および/または消毒剤を使用することと、その後、持続可能な殺菌効果(実質的な殺菌効果)を有する少なくとも1つの洗浄および/または消毒剤を使用することを組み合わせて、機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具を使用することにより特徴づけられる。
本発明は、歯周病に罹患した患者における、インプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎およびインプラント周囲粘膜炎からなる群から選択される歯周病を処置する方法に関し、以下の工程:
a)次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液を用いて微生物感染部位を洗浄および/または消毒する工程;ならびに、その後
b)クロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液を用いて、微生物感染部位を洗浄および/または消毒する工程を含む。
a)歯もしくは歯科インプラント中および/または周囲の、微生物感染部位を外科的に評価する工程;
b)微生物感染部位を機械的に洗浄および/またはデブリードマンする工程;
c)次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液を用いて、微生物感染部位を洗浄および/または消毒する工程;ならびに、その後
d)クロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液を用いて、微生物感染部位を洗浄および/または消毒する工程;を含み、
前記微生物感染部位は、場合により、工程a)、b)、c)およびd)の前および/または最中および/または後にすすぐ。
本発明の一実施形態において、キットオブパーツは、歯肉縁上および/または下にて、歯および/またはインプラント表面に定着し、歯肉縁下および/または歯肉縁上のバイオフィルムに存在する微生物によって引き起こされる歯周病、例えばインプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎またはインプラント周囲粘膜炎を処置するために開示されている。
本発明が、その詳細な説明と共に記載されている一方で、先述の説明は、例示することを意図しており、本発明の範囲は限定されず、添付の特許請求の範囲により定義されることは理解されるべきである。他の態様、利点、および修飾は、以下の特許請求の範囲内である。
本発明は、以下の非限定的な実験によりさらに例示される。
70/30歯肉縁上バイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌溶液を用いた、バイオフィルム除染の評価
この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株:
OMZ918、ミュータンス菌
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール(Veilonella dispar)
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム(Fusobacterium nucleatum)
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス(Streptococcus oralis)
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス(Actinomyces oris)
OMZ110、カンジダアルビカンス
図7でみられるように、生理食塩水対照と比較して、クロルヘキシジン(CHX)および過酸化水素(H2O2)は、速やかな除染効果をごくわずかに有していた。対照的に、バイオフィルムを次亜塩素酸ナトリウムに曝露した直後の効果は、きわめて印象的であった。24時間後における微生物の回復により、明らかに異なる画像が示された。H2O2は、継続するバイオフィルムの阻害作用を有していなかった、またはほとんど有していなかった。CHXは、強力な継続効果を依然として有していた。
本バイオフィルム試験は、以下のように要約できる。試験したすべての作用剤は、適用直後に様々な強力な除染効果を有していたが、24時間後に継続した効果のみが、日常的な習慣におけるそのような使用がどのくらい有益になるかについて情報を示す。これらの根拠の下で、CHXのみが継続効果を有していたが、他のいずれの作用剤も、もはやインプラント周囲炎の処置に使用するために有望な作用剤と考えるべきではない。
70/30歯肉縁上バイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌溶液を用いた、バイオフィルム除染の評価
この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株:
OMZ918、ミュータンス菌
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス
OMZ110、カンジダアルビカンス
図8にみられるように、この実験の結果から、バイオフィルム試験の良好な再現性が示された。以前のバイオフィルム試験(実験1)で既に適用された試験溶液に関しては、結果はきわめて明快であったが、両方の実験における最初の接種密度を比較すると、この試験も明白である。
最終的に、およそ3.0%次亜塩素酸ナトリウムおよび1.0%CHX中にインプラント表面を除染する生成物を有することは、これまで試験した化合物の中では最適な選択であるように思われる。
歯肉縁下のバイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌剤溶液を用いた、歯肉縁下のバイオフィルム除染の評価
この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株:
OMZ278、プレボテラインターメディア
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス
OMZ661、トレポネーマデンティコラ
OMZ698、カンピロバクターレクタス
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス
OMZ871、ストレプトコッカスアンギノスス
OMZ925、ポルフィロモナスジンジバリス
OMZ1047、タネレラフォーサイシア(Tannerella forsythia)
本バイオフィルム実験の目的は、歯周炎およびインプラント炎(implantitis)に関連する歯肉縁下の微生物叢において、様々な抗菌剤溶液の効能を評価することであった。チタンディスク上で増殖したバイオフィルムに、試験溶液を1分間にわたり曝露させた直後および24時間後の抗菌剤効果を評価した。合計コロニー形成単位の量を評価し、図9〜13においてみられるバイオフィルム集団の個々のメンバーに対する効果も評価した。
絶されるか否かは疑問の余地がある。
したがって、歯肉縁下の微生物叢において継続する効果は、処置持続時間が実質的に延長および/または短い間隔で繰り返される場合にのみ達成できることが結論づけられる。
歯肉縁下のバイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌剤溶液を用いた、歯肉縁下のバイオフィルム除染の評価 この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株:
OMZ278、プレボテラインターメディア
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス
OMZ661、トレポネーマデンティコラ
OMZ698、カンピロバクターレクタス
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス
OMZ871、ストレプトコッカスアンギノスス
OMZ925、ポルフィロモナスジンジバリス
OMZ1047、タネレラフォーサイシア
歯肉縁下のバイオフィルム実験は、特にタイミングに関して、試験設計のきびしい要件のため、各4回の処置を含む2部に分割される8回の処置を含んでいた。2回の実験の結果を比較できるようにするために、両方の実験でNaCl対照を繰り返した。
これらの処置の効果を単一菌種で分析すると、コメントされるべきことが多く生じ得る。コメントは、本質的なものに限定する。接種物に存在する培養可能なすべての菌種は、生理食塩水ですすいだ直後および24時間後に、対照のバイオフィルムの微生物叢において検出された。すべての菌種は、この時間中に増加した。しかし、P.ジンジバリスの定着密度は低かった。T.デンティコラがさらに顕微鏡的に検出され得た。
歯肉縁下のバイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌剤溶液を用いた、歯肉縁下のバイオフィルム除染の評価
この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株:
OMZ278、プレボテラインターメディア
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス
OMZ661、トレポネーマデンティコラ
OMZ698、カンピロバクターレクタス
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス
OMZ871、ストレプトコッカスアンギノスス
OMZ925、ポルフィロモナスジンジバリス
OMZ1047、タネレラフォーサイシア
ここで提示されている2回のバイオフィルム実験は、実験4で報告されているバイオフィルムのトライアルが維持(処置の順序、新たな抗菌剤および濃度の変化についてわずかな変化を一部含む)された。やはり、いくつかの処置を含み、特にタイミングに関して試験設計の必要性が求められるため、2部に分割しなければならなかった。2回の実験の結果を比較できるようにするために、NaCl対照は、いずれの実験でも繰り返されなければならなかった。
CFUを定着させ、24時間後、3.9E8 CFUにわずかに増加させた。TiBrush(登録商標)および0.2重量%CHX溶液の組合せにより、処置の直後に、微生物の定着が4log刻みで減少したが、24時間後の再増殖は実験4と同様に明白であった(図5を参照されたい)。
接種物に存在するすべての培養可能な菌種を、速やかに、ならびに生理食塩水によりすすいだ後および24時間後に、対照のバイオフィルムの微生物叢において検出した。P.ジンジバリスの定着密度は低かったが、T.デンティコラが顕微鏡的にさらに検出できた。
歯肉縁下のバイオフィルムモデルで試験した様々な抗菌剤溶液を用いた、除染後の歯肉縁下のバイオフィルム再増殖の評価
この実験に使用されるバイオフィルムモデルの詳細な説明に関しては、例えばGuggenheimら、2004年、2001年a;およびShapiroら、2002年、およびGuggenheimら、2009年を参照されたい。
菌株
OMZ278、プレボテラインターメディア
OMZ493、ベイロネラディスパール
OMZ598、フゾバクテリウムヌクレアタム
OMZ607、ストレプトコッカスオラリス
OMZ661、トレポネーマデンティコラ
OMZ698、カンピロバクターレクタス
OMZ745、アクチノマイセスオリス
OMZ871、ストレプトコッカスアンギノスス
OMZ925、ポルフィロモナスジンジバリス
OMZ1047、タネレラフォーサイシア
このバイオフィルム試験の結果は、最も印象的であった。たとえ処置後72時間でも、それぞれの生理食塩水対照と比較した場合、バイオフィルムの微生物叢(合計CFU)の減少は依然として非常に著しかった。それどころか、0.1重量%NaClO溶液の値が処置を含む0.2重量%NaClO溶液より低いことを示す72時間の再増殖の知見は、予想外であり、説明することは難しい(図20および21)。
試験の目的は、ヒトバイオフィルムに対する、機械的なデブリードマン(TiBrush(登録商標))と洗浄剤(CHX、NaClO)を用いた除染を組み合わせた、いくつかの新たな処置プロトコールについて、効率および有効性を評価することであった。3つの活性からなる試験を下に記載した。
試験サンプルおよび試験群
口内副子を使用して、48時間後にφ15mmのチタンサンドブラストラージグリットおよび酸エッチングした(SLA(登録商標))ディスクにおける、in vivo 歯肉縁上プラークバイオフィルムを採集した。被験者および試験実行ごとに、同一の種類のディスク4枚が口内副子に適用された。ディスクは、患者から採取した後で後続の処置方法に対して公平かつ無作為に割り付けた。
健常被験者は試験に含まれた。包含するために必要な基準は:(1)直近6ヶ月中に抗生物質を全身使用していない、(2)良好なレベルの口腔衛生(Pl<25%Bl<25%)、(3)破壊性歯周炎、または軟組織を取り巻くいかなる炎症の症状の兆候もない、および(4)非喫煙者であった。調査の前に、対象は専門的な歯の洗浄を受けた。被験者には、上顎にディスク(φ15mm、1mm厚)4枚を有するオープンアクリル製装具(open acrylic appliances)を与えて、歯肉縁上プラークバイオフィルムを採集した。口蓋に向かって1〜2mmの距離にて、粘着性のあるワックスと共に、試験片をくぼみに挿入して、栄養に富んだ水性環境を用意した。定義した持続時間にわたり、被験者に副子を装着させた。対象に、通常の食事を維持させ、食事中、ならびに、推奨された歯みがき粉(Natriumfluoridを含有する)のみを用いた1日2回(朝晩)の日常的な機械的歯みがき、続いて水道水を用いた完全なすすぎ(マウスリンスは使用されない)中を除いて、全実験期間を通じて副子を口内にて保持させた。口腔から除去する最中、食事および歯洗浄の目的で、副子を水に収納した。
使用されるディスクは15mmディスクであった。実験は室温で実行した。対象からディスクを除去してから処置を始めるまでの時間、ならびに処置手順における最後の工程からその後のバイオフィルム分析の間の時間は統一され、できるだけ短く保持された。
バイオフィルムの形成後、すべてのサンプルを同一手段で処置した。プラーク採取期間(48時間)の直後に、口腔から副子を除去し、副子から試験片を抽出し、水を用いて静かにすすぎ、エリトロシン(Erythrosine B、Certistain(登録商標)、Merck KGaA、Darmstadt、Germany)を用いて40サンプルを染色した。立体顕微鏡(SZ61、Olympus Europa Holding GmbH、Hamburg、Germany)およびデジタルカメラ(ColorViewIII、Olympus Holding GmbH、Hamburg、Germany)を使用することにより、これらのサンプルを8倍の倍率で撮影した。サンプルの表面を分析するために、専門的な撮像およびドキュメンテーションソフトウェア(Cell D、Olympus Europa GmbH、Hamburg、Germany)を使用した。サンプル表面の正方形領域に無作為に配置することにより、サンプルごとに10回の測定を行った。このようにして、初期プラーク表面(IPS)を測定した。異なる洗浄手順を実行した後で、次に、残留プラーク領域(RPA)を評価するための上で言及した工程に従って、組織形態計測学的分析を行った。
1.Socransky and Haffajee, 2000,
2.Socransky and Haffajee, 2000
3.Socransky et al., Periodontology 2000,
Vol. 28, 2002, 12−55.
4.Guggenheim et al, 2004,
5.Guggenheim et al, 2001a;
6.Guggenheim et al, BMC Microbiology 2009, 9:280 doi:10.1186/1471−2180−9−280.
7.Shapiro et al., 2002
8.WO 2009/083281
9.WO 2011/152789
10.Schwartz et al., 2006
Claims (16)
- a)0.01〜1重量%の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液;
b)0.01〜1重量%のクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液、および
c)次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液が、クロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液の前に投与されるように、患者における微生物感染部位へ連続投与するための指示
を含む、インプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎およびインプラント周囲粘膜炎からなる群から選択される歯周病を処置するためのキットオブパーツ。 - NaClO溶液は0.1重量%の濃度を有し、CHX溶液は0.2重量%の濃度を有する、請求項1に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液の前に、および/または共に使用される機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具をさらに含む、請求項1または2に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 前記機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具は、キュベット、ドリル、ブラシ、超音波装置およびスパチュラからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 前記機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具は、チタンブリストルブラシである、請求項4に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液および/またはクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液の前、後および/または共に投与される、少なくとも1つのさらなる洗浄および/または消毒剤を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液とクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液との間で投与される、少なくとも1つのさらなるすすぎ液剤を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- 指示は、書面による指示である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のキットオブパーツ。
- インプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎およびインプラント周囲粘膜炎からなる群から選択される、歯周病を処置するためのキットオブパーツを製造するための少なくとも2つの洗浄および/または消毒剤の使用であって、前記洗浄および/または消毒剤の2つは
a)0.01から1重量%の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液、および
b)0.01から1重量%のクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液
から選択され、微生物感染部位を処置するために、前記キットオブパーツは、まず作用剤a)を使用し、その後作用剤b)を使用する、既定の順序で上の2つの溶液を使用することについて記載する指示も含む、前記使用。 - 前記キットは、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液および/またはクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液の前および/または共に使用される機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具をさらに含む、請求項9に記載のキットオブパーツを製造するための少なくとも2つの洗浄および/または消毒剤の使用。
- 前記機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具は、キュベット、ドリル、ブラシ、超音波装置およびスパチュラからなる群から選択される、請求項10に記載のキットオブパーツを製造するための少なくとも2つの洗浄および/または消毒剤の使用。
- 前記機械的洗浄および/またはデブリードマン用具は、チタンブリストルブラシである、請求項10に記載のキットオブパーツを製造するための少なくとも2つの洗浄および/または消毒剤の使用。
- 前記キットオブパーツは、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液とクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液の間に適用される1つまたはそれ以上のすすぎ液を含む、請求項9〜12のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- NaClO溶液は0.1重量%の濃度を有し、CHX溶液は0.2重量%の濃度を有する、請求項9〜13のいずれか1項に記載の使用。
- 歯周病に罹患した患者における、インプラント周囲炎、歯肉炎、歯周炎およびインプラント周囲粘膜炎からなる群から選択される、歯周病を処置するための連続放出製剤であって:
a)0.01から1重量%の次亜塩素酸ナトリウム(NaClO)溶液および
b)0.01から1重量%のクロルヘキシジン(CHX)溶液
から選択される少なくとも2つの洗浄剤を含み、前記作用剤は、まずa)、およびその後b)の既定の順序で放出される、前記製剤。 - NaClO溶液は0.1重量%の濃度を有し、CHX溶液は0.2重量%の濃度を有する、請求項15に記載の製剤。
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US9782457B2 (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2017-10-10 | Tissue Repair Company | Flowable formulations for tissue repair and regeneration |
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