JP6261560B2 - 抗微生物性の短リポペプチド - Google Patents
抗微生物性の短リポペプチド Download PDFInfo
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- JP6261560B2 JP6261560B2 JP2015501713A JP2015501713A JP6261560B2 JP 6261560 B2 JP6261560 B2 JP 6261560B2 JP 2015501713 A JP2015501713 A JP 2015501713A JP 2015501713 A JP2015501713 A JP 2015501713A JP 6261560 B2 JP6261560 B2 JP 6261560B2
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description
C12−18脂質−リシン−プロリン−バリン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−d−プロリン−トレオニン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−プロリン−アラニン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−プロリン−ロイシン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−プロリン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−d−プロリン−NH2;
C12−18脂質−リシン−ヒスチジン−NH2;および
C12−18脂質−リシン−アルギニン−NH2
上記の脂質は、標準的なペプチド化学により、アミド結合を通じて、ジペプチドまたはトリペプチドに結合され、myr=ミリスチン酸、pen=ペンタデカン酸、pal=パルミチン酸、ste=ステアリン酸、lau=ラウリン酸である。
アミノ酸の右旋型(dextro form)の略語は、「d」とする。例えば、プロリンの右旋型はd−プロリンである。また、アミノ酸の略語は、従来から用いられているように、次の通りである。
1.ペプチドの合成
開示されたペプチドは全て、標準のFmoc(9−フルオレニルメトキシカルボニル)固相化学を用いて合成した。ペプチドは、標準アミノ酸を用いて、アミド化シーケンスまたは自由酸シーケンスとして、調製した。
この研究の中で用いられる細菌株を、表1に示す。大腸菌UB1005、黄色ブドウ球菌SAP0017(MRSA)およびカンジダ・アルビカンス105の増殖は、特に明記しない限り、ミューラーヒントン(MH)(Difco,BD Biosciences,MD)の寒天平板およびブロス(1リットル当たり、牛肉エキス2g、カゼインの酸加水分解物17.5g、デンプン1.5g)の中で37℃にて行なった。細菌は、感受性試験を行なう前に、冷凍保存していたものを新たに作製したMH寒天平板に継代培養した(subcultured)。プロピオニバクテリウム・アクネスについては、細菌の増殖を、BBL(登録商標)ブレーンハートインフュージョン(Becton,Dickinson & Company,Sparks MD)ブロスまたは寒天平板の中で37℃にて行なった。なお、前記ブロス又は寒天平板は嫌気的条件であり、この条件は嫌気ジャーおよびAnaeroGen(登録商標)(Oxoid,Basingstoke,Hampshire,England)を用いて発生させた。
各ペプチドの最小阻止濃度(MIC)を、修正CLSIマイクロタイターブロス希釈アッセイ(Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically;Approved Standard-Ninth Edition)を用いて決定した。接種量は、105〜106コロニー形成単位(CFU)/mlであり、酵母は104CFU/mlであった。37℃でのインキュベーション15〜20時間後に、90%を超える微生物増殖が阻害された最低ペプチド濃度をMIC値とした。プロピオニバクテリウム・アクネスについては、37℃の嫌気条件下でインキュベーションを2週間行なった後、MICを決定した。キルカイネティクス(kill kinetics)は、微生物インジケータと混合した所定濃度(MICの約2〜5倍)のペプチドを用いて行なった。適当に希釈した後、細胞を所定時間間隔で寒天平板上に培地し、37℃で一晩インキュベートした。プロピオニバクテリウム・アクネスについては、インキュベーション時間を延長する必要があった。ペプチド処理後、CFUを計数し、細菌の生存数としてプロットした。これは、微生物を殺すためのペプチドの有効性を示す。
皮膚毒性および適合性の決定を、EpiDerm(EPI−200)皮膚組織およびMTTキット(MTT−100)(MatTek,Ashland,MA)を使用し、製造者の仕様に基づいて行なった。1%トリトンX−100をポジティブ(有毒)対照、PBSをネガティブ(非毒性)対照として用いた。
ヒト真皮線維芽細胞における細胞外マトリックス接着分子をエンコードする84の遺伝子を、PCRアレイ(Sunny Biodiscovery,Inc(Santa Paula,CA)により作製)を用いて分析した。ヒト真皮線維芽細胞は、Zen-Bio,Research Triangle Park,NC(カタログ#DF−F,ロット#DFMF112410)から得た。細胞(low passage)を、DMEM/10%FCS(フェノールレッドなし)中で増殖させ、コンフルエント段階に到達した後、3、5もしくは10μg/mlの試験材料または水と共に、2つのウェルの中で24時間インキュベートした。細胞のインキュベーション終了後、細胞を倒立型ニコンTS顕微鏡で観察した。どの実験条件についても、細胞毒性は認められなかった。定性的評価では、10μg/mlよりも5μg/mlの試験材料の方が細胞の有糸分裂が多かったので、5μg/mlの条件をRNA抽出に選択した。
KPVおよびKdPTトリペプチドは両方とも、インビトロおよびインビボで抗炎症活性を有することは知られていた。KPVトリペプチドはまた、リン酸塩緩衝液中で、黄色ブドウ球菌およびカンジダ・アルビカンスに対する抗微生物活性を有することが報告されている(Cutulis M.et al.,Antimicrobial effects of α-MSH peptides.J.Leukocyte Bio.2000 67:233-239)。しかしながら、KPVのMIC値については、これまで、決定も報告もされていない。また、KdPTが抗微生物作用を有するかどうかも知られていない。
一般的に使用される包帯材(dressings)の例は次の表に示される。
Claims (12)
- 哺乳類の皮膚、頭皮または粘膜組織における細菌又は酵母若しくは真菌感染の治療用製剤であって、
式C14−16脂質−リシン−プロリン−NH2又は式C14−16脂質−リシン−d−プロリン−NH2で示されるペプチドを少なくとも一種含む組成物を治療に有効な量と、医薬的に許容可能なキャリアとを含む、製剤。 - 治療に有効な量の前記組成物は、前記ペプチドを約0.1μg/mL〜約10%(w/v)の濃度で含む、請求項1の製剤。
- 前記細菌又は酵母若しくは真菌感染は、プロピオニバクテリウム・アクネス、黄色ブドウ球菌、大腸菌およびカンジダ・アルビカンスからなる群から選択される細菌又は酵母若しくは真菌によって引き起こされる、請求項1の製剤。
- 前記組成物のペプチドは、
パルミトイル−リシン−プロリン−NH2;
パルミトイル−リシン−d−プロリン−NH2;
ミリストイル−リシン−d−プロリン−NH2;又は
ペンタデカノイル−リシン−d−プロリン−NH2
である、請求項1の製剤。 - 皮膚、頭皮又は粘膜組織の細菌又は酵母若しくは真菌による感染に関する症状は、座瘡、アトピー性皮膚炎、酒さ、細菌性膣疾患、膣カンジダ症、頭垢、水虫又は毛包炎である、請求項1の製剤。
- 哺乳類の創傷治療用製剤であって、
式C16脂質−リシン−プロリン−NH2、式C16脂質−リシン−ヒスチジン−NH2又は式C16脂質−リシン−アルギニン−NH2で示されるペプチドを少なくとも一種含む組成物を治療に有効な量と、医薬的に許容可能なキャリアとを含む、製剤。 - 創傷のある皮膚組織は、過形成性瘢痕、酒さ又は湿疹性病斑である、請求項6の製剤。
- 前記過形成性瘢痕は、座瘡、毛包炎、火傷、外傷性損傷、外科手術処置又は細菌による皮膚感染によって引き起こされる、請求項7の製剤。
- 前記ペプチドは、
パルミトイル−リシン−プロリン−NH2;
パルミトイル−リシン−ヒスチジン−NH2;又は
パルミトイル−リシン−アルギニン−NH2
である、請求項6の製剤。 - 前記細菌感染は、体臭、口臭又は歯肉疾患の原因である、請求項1の製剤。
- 哺乳類の皮膚、頭皮または粘膜組織における細菌又は酵母若しくは真菌感染の治療用製剤であって、
C16脂質−リシン−ヒスチジン−NH2又はC16脂質−リシン−アルギニン−NH2で示されるペプチドを少なくとも一種含む組成物を治療に有効な量と、医薬的に許容可能なキャリアとを含む、製剤 - ペプチドは、パルミトイル−リシン−ヒスチジン−NH2又はパルミトイル−リシン−アルギニン−NH2である、請求項11の製剤。
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