JP6257326B2 - 神経因性疼痛におけるマロノニトリルアミドの使用 - Google Patents
神経因性疼痛におけるマロノニトリルアミドの使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6257326B2 JP6257326B2 JP2013535311A JP2013535311A JP6257326B2 JP 6257326 B2 JP6257326 B2 JP 6257326B2 JP 2013535311 A JP2013535311 A JP 2013535311A JP 2013535311 A JP2013535311 A JP 2013535311A JP 6257326 B2 JP6257326 B2 JP 6257326B2
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/165—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide
- A61K31/167—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids having aromatic rings, e.g. colchicine, atenolol, progabide having the nitrogen of a carboxamide group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. lidocaine, paracetamol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/164—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids of a carboxylic acid with an aminoalcohol, e.g. ceramides
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- A61K31/275—Nitriles; Isonitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/42—Oxazoles
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/06—Antimigraine agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
−主に視床の脳病変、
−例えば視床梗塞又は脳幹梗塞などの梗塞、
−視床や脳幹を圧迫する脳の腫瘍又は膿瘍、
−多発性硬化症、
−例えば運動障害の場合の視床切除術などの脳手術、
−脊髄障害、
−脊髄損傷、
−例えば前側方脊髄切断術などの脊髄手術、
−虚血性病変、
−前脊髄動脈症候群、
−ワレンベルグ症候群、
−脊髄空洞症。
−例えば糖尿病性神経障害などの全身性疾患、
−例えば化学療法に起因する神経障害などの薬物誘発性病変、
−外傷性症候群及び絞扼性神経障害、
−神経根及び後神経節における病変、
−HIV感染後の神経障害、
−ヘルペス感染後の神経痛、
−神経根引き抜き損傷、
−脳神経病変、
−例えば三叉神経痛などの頭蓋神経痛、
−神経因性癌疼痛、
−幻肢痛、
−末梢神経、神経叢及び神経根の圧迫、
−腫瘍随伴性末梢神経障害及び神経節障害、
−例えば化学療法、放射線療法及び外科的介入などの癌治療による合併症、
−複合性局所疼痛症候群、
−I型病変(これまでは、反射性交感神経性ジストロフィーとして知られている)、
−II型病変(灼熱痛にほぼ相当する)。
A)HR325(ラフルニムス)(1−(3−メチル−4−トリフルオロメチルフェニル−カルバモイル)−2−シクロプロピル−2−オキソ−プロピオノニトリル)、
B)FK778(N−(4−トリフルオロメチル)−フェニル−2−シアノ−3−ヒドロキシ−ヘプト−2−エン−6−イン−カルボン酸アミド)、
C)MNA279(2−シアノ−3−シクロプロピル−3−オキソ−(4−シアノフェニル)プロピオンアミド)、
D)5−(3−ブチニル)−N−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]−4−イソオキサゾールカルボアミド、
である。
ヒト被検者における本開示に係る化合物の臨床評価を裏付けるために、一連の非臨床の薬理学及び毒性学の研究を行った。これらの研究は、研究設計についての国際的に認められたガイドラインに従って、且つ、特記しない限りは、医薬品最適研究基準(GLP)の要件を遵守して行われた。
ラットにおける重度脊髄挫傷損傷後の機械的異痛の発生を抑制するためのラフルニムス(HR325)治療。
13週齢雌ルイスラット(Charles River, Sulzfeld Germany)を、12時間:12時間の暗/明措置の下に収容し、水及び餌は自由にとらせた。1週間の馴化の後、動物に、イソフルランと空気との混合物(導入:5%イソフルラン、維持:2.2%イソフルオラン)による全身麻酔を行った。硬膜を破裂させずにTh10椎弓切除術を行い、重度挫傷SCI(25gemNYU/MASCIS II impactor){Gruner, 1992 シャープ3}を誘発した。筋肉及び皮膚を縫合した後、5mlの乳酸リンゲル液の皮下(s.c.)注射を与えた。自発的排尿が戻るまで(通常は1週間以内)、1日に2回手作業で膀胱を空にした。病変重症度を、インパクタ棒の衝撃速度及び挫傷深度により検証した。衝撃速度誤差>5%であった動物は、更なる分析から排除した。損傷の後、個々のラットを、治療群に無作為に割り当てた。以下のグループを使用した。
グループ2:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるHR325(10mg/kg/day)、DPO1〜DPO7
グループ3:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるHR325(20mg/kg/day)、DPO1〜DPO7
グループ4:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるHR325(30mg/kg/day)、DPO1〜DPO7
機械的な感度応答は、無拘束状態で足引っ込めを誘発するのに必要である直接圧刺激として測定した。すべてのテストは、午前中7:30〜10:30amの間で行われ、行動試験の実施者が実験群の情報を知らないようにした。動物は、試験前に少なくとも20分間、試験装置に慣れた。各動物は、Chaplan(Chaplan et al.,1994)によって記載されたUp−Downパラダイムを用いて、0.4g〜15g(log force 3.61、3.84、4.08、4.31、4.56、4.74、4.93及び5.18)の一連のvon Freyフィラメントの刺激を受けた。選択されたvonFreyフィラメントは、後肢足底面に30°まで押し付けられ、後肢足底面を3秒間曲げた。足引っ込め応答は、陽性反応と見なされた。足引っ込めに必要である50%閾値力は、各ラットの両後肢に対して計算され、両後肢の平均値は、この動物の機械的感度を表すのに用いられた。
機械的感度
機械的感度(足引っ込めのための50%閾値力で示される)は、vonFreyフィラメントを用いて、Up−Down法によって測定した。手術後第28日目はすべてのラットが足底の位置に後足で座り得る最初の時点であるため、すべてのラットは、手術前にベースライン検査され、手術後第28日目に再度検査された。ベースラインですべての動物は15gの最大の50%閾値力に達し、結果として両群間で差は認められなかった。予想通り、ビヒクル投与動物もHR325投与動物も共にDPO28で機械的過敏症を示した。しかし、HR325治療の結果として、機械的過敏症は、DPO28ですべてのHR325治療用量群において著しく低下した(one-way ANOVA、F3,53=19,93、p<0.001、図1を参照)。投与群とビヒクル対照群とのこの統計的有意差は、DPO63で実験終了まで維持した(one-way ANOVA、F3,53=35,34、p<0.001、図1を参照)。従って、すべてのテストしたHR325投薬量(すなわち、10mg/kg/d、20mg/kg/d、及び30mg/kg/d)は、実験脊髄損傷後の機械的異痛の発生を抑制することができる(図1を参照)。
HR325及びFK778治療はともに、ラットにおける重度脊髄挫傷損傷によって誘導された中枢神経因性疼痛を回復することができる。
外科的方法は、実施例1を参照する。。
グループ1:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクル(無菌水における1,5%のCMC)、DPO28〜DPO35
グループ2:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるHR325(10mg/kg/day)、DPO28〜DPO35
グループ3:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるFK778(10mg/kg/day)、DPO28〜DPO35
機械的感度の評価は、実施例1を参照する。
De la Calle及び同僚たち(De la Calle etal。,2002)による若干修正された方法は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。ラットは、ラットの足へのアクセスを可能にするように、アクリルケージに入れられワイヤメッシュグリッドの上に置かれ、後肢足底面にアセトンを塗布した。これを行うため、100μlのアセトンを2.5ml注射器でグリッドの下方よりラット後肢の足底面に噴霧した。アセトンに60秒暴露された後の期間に床から脚を引っ込めるために使った時間を記録した。各テストの間に5分〜10分の間隔で、両後肢を各動物でテストした。両脚間の平均反応時間は、さらなる分析のために採用された。反応が全くなかった場合に0が割り当てられた一方、1秒の最小値は高速又は活発な反応を伝えるために割り当てられた。このアセトン試験は、低温、化学的、可能な機械的刺激の構成として説明した。
機械的感度
機械的感度(足引っ込めのための50%閾値力で示される)は、vonFreyフィラメントを用いて、Up−Down法によって測定した。手術後第28日目はすべてのラットが足底の位置に後足で座り得る最初の時点であるため、すべてのラットは、手術前にベースライン検査され、手術後第28日目で再度検査された。ベースラインですべての動物は15gの最大の50%閾値力に達し、結果として両群間で差は認められなかった。予想通り、すべての動物はDPO28で機械的過敏症を示し、引っ込め閾値は、ビヒクル対照動物、HR−325投与動物及びFK−778投与動物において、それぞれ、損傷前の15グラムから2.7グラム、3.0グラム及び3.1グラムに低下した。その後、我々は、DPO28〜DPO35で、機械的過敏症に大きな影響を与えたHR−325、FK−778、又はビヒクルによる経口治療を開始した。DPO35で、引っ込め閾値は、ビヒクル対照動物と比較した場合、HR−325及びFK−778投与動物において著しく高かった(one-way anova、f2,35=12,6、p<0.001、図2を参照)。投与群とビヒクル対照群とのこの統計的有意差は、DPO77で実験終了まで維持した(one-way ANOVA、F2,35=24,2、p<0.001、図2を参照)。従って、HR−325及びFK−778は、実験脊髄損傷後の機械的異痛を抑制することができる。
アセトン試験は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。得られた結果は、アセトンが後肢足底面に適用されたときに損傷の前に全く反応を引き起こさないことを明確に示した。しかし、DPO28で、すべての動物は、アセトン暴露に対する明確な反応を示した。次の7日に、DPO35まで、治療は、HR−325、FK−778、又はビヒクルから開始された。治療の結果として、治療群間の最初の有意差はDPO35で明らかになった。FK−778投与動物は、ビヒクル対象群に比べて、アセトン暴露に著しく短く応答した(one-way ANOVA、F2,34=5,6、p<0.01、図3を参照)。3週間後、DPO56で、それらの群の間に顕著な差が依然として存在しており(one-way ANOVA、F2,34=21,0、p<O.001、図3を参照)、Bonferroni post-hocテストは、FK−778及びHR−325投与動物がビヒクル対象群に比べてアセトン暴露に著しく短く応答することを明らかにした。これらの差は、DPO70で、実験終了まで変わらなかった(one-way ANOVA、F2,34=12,3、p<0.01、図3を参照)。従って、HR−325及びFK−778はともに、実験的脊髄損傷後の冷感異痛を回復することができる。
HR325治療は、脊髄挫傷損傷後3カ月で慢性中枢神経因性疼痛を回復することができる。
外科的方法は、実施例1を参照する。
グループ1:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクル(無菌水における1,5%のCMC)、DPO84〜DPO91
グループ2:SCI+7日間の強制投与によるビヒクルにおけるHR325(10mg/kg/day)、DPO84〜DPO91
機械的感度の評価は、実施例1を参照する。
機械的感度の評価は、実施例2を参照する。
機械的感度
機械的感度(足引っ込めのための50%閾値力で示される)は、vonFreyフィラメントを用いて、Up−Down法によって測定した。手術後第28日目はすべてのラットが足底の位置に後足で座り得る最初の時点であるため、すべてのラットは、手術前にベースライン検査され、手術後第28日目に再度検査された。ベースラインですべての動物は15gの最大の50%閾値力に達し、結果として両群間で差は認められなかった。予想通り、すべての動物はDPO28で機械的過敏症を示し、引っ込め閾値は、ビヒクル対照動物及びHR−325投与動物において、それぞれ、損傷前の15グラムから3.2グラム及び2.7グラムに低下した。その後、それから2カ月にわたって、50%閾値力は、HR−325又はビヒクルによる経口治療が開始されたDPO84まで、安定に維持された。この7日間の治療の結果として、50%閾値力は増加しており、DPO91で引っ込め閾値は、ビヒクル対照動物と比較した場合、HR−325投与動物において著しく高かった(StudentT−テスト、T=5,33、p<0.001、図4を参照)。それらの群間の同等な差は、DPO105で実験終了時に認められた(Student T−テスト、T=7,68、p<0.001、図4を参照)。従って、HR−325は、持続的な3カ月を経ても、脊髄損傷による慢性の機械的異痛を回復することができる。
アセトン試験は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。得られた結果は、アセトンが後肢足底面に適用されたときに損傷の前に全く反応を引き起こさないことを明確に示した。しかし、DPO35で、すべての動物は、アセトン暴露に対する明確な反応を示した。次の2カ月に、DPO84まで、アセトン暴露に対する反応は変わらなかった。しかし、DPO84で、7日間の経口治療は、HR−325又はビヒクルから開始された。治療の結果として、その2つの群間の最初の有意差はDPO91で明らかになった(StudentT−テスト、T=4,70、p<0.001、図5を参照)。それらの群間の同等な差は、DPO105で実験終了時に認められた(Student T−テスト、T=3,54、p<0.01、図5を参照)。従って、HR−325は、持続的な3カ月を経ても、脊髄損傷による慢性の冷感異痛を回復することができる。
HR325治療は、坐骨神経の慢性絞扼性神経損傷(CCI)後の末梢神経因性疼痛を和らげることができる。
手術は、Bennett及びXie(1988.)の方法に従って実施した。総坐骨神経は、大腿二頭筋を通して鈍的切開によって、大腿中部の位置で露出した。坐骨神経三枝分岐(sciatic trifurcation)の近位側における約7mmの神経は、組織への付着から解放され、4つの結紮糸(5.0クローミック腸線)は、1mm間隔で神経周囲にゆるく結ばれた。神経の直径がほとんど収縮しないと見なされるように、細心の注意を結ぶために払った。神経のこの絞扼は、神経内浮腫、局所的虚血、及び軸索変性を引き起こった。結果として、このモデルは、冷感異痛及び機械的異痛、並びに、2カ月以上の期間持続する自発性疼痛のいくつかの症状をもたらす(Attal et al., 1990; Bennett and Xie, 1988)。
機械的な感度応答は、無拘束状態で足引っ込めを誘発するのに必要である直接圧刺激として測定した。動物は、試験前に少なくとも20分間、試験装置に慣れた。各動物は、Chaplan(Chaplan et al.,1994)によって記載されたUp−Downパラダイムを用いて、1.0g〜60gの一連のvonFreyフィラメントの刺激を受けた。選択されたvon Freyフィラメントは、後肢足底面に30°まで押し付けられ、後肢足底面を3秒間曲げた。足引っ込め応答は、陽性反応と見なされた。足引っ込めに必要である50%閾値力は、各ラットの両後肢に対して計算された。
De la Calle及び同僚たち(De la Calle et al。,2002)による若干修正された方法は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。ラットは、ラットの足へのアクセスを可能にするように、アクリルケージに入れられワイヤメッシュグリッドの上に置かれ、後肢足底面にアセトンを塗布した。これを行うため、100μlのアセトンを2.5ml注射器でグリッドの下方よりラット後肢の足底面に噴霧した。アセトンに60秒暴露された後の期間に床から脚を引っ込めるために使った時間を記録した。各テストの間に5分〜10分の間隔で、両後肢を各動物でテストした。
機械的感度
機械的感度(足引っ込めのための50%閾値力で示される)は、vonFreyフィラメントを用いて、Up−Down法によって測定した。すべてのラットは、手術前にベースライン検査され、手術後第7日目及び第14日目で再度検査された。ベースラインですべての動物は、反対側足と同側足のいずれにおいても、60gの最大の50%閾値の力に達した。予想通り、すべての動物は、DPO7及びDPO14で、同側足において重度機械的過敏症を示した。引っ込め閾値は、損傷前の60グラムから損傷後第14日目の10グラムに低下しており、この引っ込め閾値は、反対側足と比較した場合、著しく低かった。その後、DPO14からDPO21までの間に、HR−325による経口治療を施した(ブラックバー、図6)。DPO21で、同側足における引っ込め閾値は、47グラムまで著しく増加しており、この引っ込め閾値は、反対側足の引っ込め閾値とは有意差がなかった(T−test、n.s.,図6を参照)。1週間後、DPO28で、同側足における引っ込め閾値が依然として反対側足と同様であるので、HR−325の治療に与える影響は安定に維持された。
アセトン試験は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。得られた結果は、アセトンが後肢足底面に適用されたときに損傷の前に全く反応を引き起こさないことを明確に示した。しかし、ほとんどの動物は、DPO7及びDPO14で、同側足においてアセトン暴露に対する明確な反応、それぞれ16秒及び23秒の平均反応時間を示した。反対側足が全く反応しなかったので、両後肢の間で統計的有意差は見なされた。次の7日に、DPO21まで、動物を毎日10mg/kgのHR−325によって治療した(ブラックバー、図7)。治療の結果として、アセトンに対する反応性は、同側足においてほぼ低下した。1週間後、DPO28で、アセトン暴露に対する反応性は、依然として非常に低いであって、反対側足における反応性と同様である(T−test、n.s.,図7を参照)。
HR325治療は、坐骨神経の部分結紮後の末梢神経因性疼痛を和らげることができる。
手術は、Seltzerら(1990)の方法に従って実施した。坐骨神経背側は、後上腕二頭筋の半腱様筋の神経が総坐骨神経から枝分かれした分岐点より遠位にある転子に近づく部位で、周囲結合組織から注意深く解放された。神経は、神経を下部構造(underlying structures)に押し付けないように注意しながら、その背側面における神経上膜をつまむことによって、その位置に固定された。8−0(ポリアミド6)縫合糸は、神経に挿入され、神経厚さの背側1/3〜1/2を結紮糸に閉じ込めるようにきつく結紮された(Seltzer et al., 1990)。
機械的感度の評価は実施例4を参照する。
機械的感度の評価は実施例4を参照する。
機械的感度
機械的感度(足引っ込めのための50%閾値力で示される)は、vonFreyフィラメントを用いて、Up−Down法によって測定した。すべてのラットは、手術前にベースライン検査され、手術後第7日目及び第14日目で再度検査された。ベースラインですべての動物は、反対側足と同側足のいずれにおいても、60gの最大の50%閾値の力に達した。予想通り、すべての動物は、DPO7及びDPO14で、同側足において重度機械的過敏症を示した。引っ込め閾値は、損傷前の60グラムから損傷後第14日目の19グラムに低下しており、この引っ込め閾値は、反対側足と比較した場合、著しく低かった。その後、DPO14からDPO21までの間に、HR−325による経口治療を施した(ブラックバー、図8)。DPO21で、同側足における引っ込め閾値は、54グラムまで著しく増加しており、この引っ込め閾値は、反対側足の引っ込め閾値とは有意差がなかった(T−test、n.s.,図8を参照)。1週間後、DPO28で、同側足における引っ込め閾値が依然として反対側足と同様であるので、HR−325の治療に与える影響は安定に維持された。
アセトン試験は、寒冷化学的刺激に対する反応性を確定するために用いられた。得られた結果は、アセトンが後肢足底面に適用されたときに損傷の前に全く反応を引き起こさないことを明確に示した。しかし、ほとんどの動物は、DPO7及びDPO14で、同側足においてアセトン暴露に対する明確な反応、それぞれ4秒及び8秒の平均反応時間を示した。反対側足が全く反応しなかったので、両後肢の間で統計的有意差は見なされた。次の7日に、DPO21まで、動物を毎日10mg/kgのHR−325によって治療した(ブラックバー、図9)。治療の結果として、アセトンに対する反応性は、同側足において完全に低下した。1週間後、DPO28で、動物は依然としてアセトン暴露に対する反応性を示さなかった。従って、寒冷化学的刺激は、もう痛みをもたらさなかった(図9を参照)。
以下のさらなる刊行物を、参照により本願に援用する。
Attal, N., et al., 1990.The bidirectional dose-dependent effect of systemic naloxone is also related tothe intensity and duration of pain-related disorders: a study in a rat model ofperipheral mononeuropathy. Brain Res. 525, 170-4.
Bennett, G. J., Xie, Y.K., 1988. A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of painsensation like those seen in man. Pain. 33, 87-107.
Cao, L., DeLeo, J. A., 2008.CNS-infiltrating CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to murine spinal nerve transection-induced neuropathic pain. Eur J Immunol. 38, 448-58.
Chaplan, S. R., et al., 1994. Quantitativeassessment of tactile allodynia in the rat paw. J Neurosci Methods. 53, 55-63.
Costigan, M., et al., 2009. T-cellinfiltration and signaling in the adult dorsal spinal cord is a majorcontributor to neuropathic pain-like hypersensitivity. J Neurosci. 29,14415-22.
Davis, J. P., et al., 1996. Theimmunosuppressive metabolite of leflunomide is a potent inhibitor of humandihydroorotate dehydrogenase. Biochemistry. 35, 1270-3.
De la Calle, J. L., et al., 2002.Intrathecal transplantation of neuroblastoma cells decreases heat hyperalgesiaand cold allodynia in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Brain Res Bull. 59, 205-1 1.
Goadsby, P. J., 2002. Neurovascularheadache and a midbrain vascular malformation: evidence for a role of thebrainstem in chronic migraine. Cephalalgia. 22, 107-1 1.
Greene, S., et al., 1995. Inhibition ofdihydroorotate dehydrogenase by the immunosuppressive agent leflunomide.Biochem Pharmacol. 50, 861-7.
Kuo, E. A., et al., 1996. Synthesis,structure-activity relationships, and pharmacokinetic properties ofdihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors:2-cyano-3-cyclopropyl-3-hydroxy-N-[3'-methyl-4'-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl ]propenamide and related compounds. J Med Chem. 39, 4608-21.
Seltzer, Z., et al., 1990. A novelbehavioral model of neuropathic pain disorders produced in rats by partialsciatic nerve injury. Pain. 43, 205-18.
Williamson, R. A., et al., 1995.Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a high affinity binding protein for A77 1726and mediator of a range of biological effects of the immunomodulatory compound.J Biol Chem. 270, 22467-72.
Zenonos, G., Kim, J. E., A Tcell-orchestrated immune response in the adult dorsal spinal cord as a cause ofneuropathic pain-like hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve damage: a door tonovel therapies? Neurosurgery. 66, N24-5.
Zielinski, T., et al., 1995. Leflunomide, areversible inhibitor of pyrimidine biosynthesis? Inflamm Res. 44 Suppl 2,S207-8.
要するに、本開示の例は、以下のことに関連する。
−神経因性疼痛及び/又は神経因性疼痛症候群の治療において使用するための化合物であって、その化合物はマロノニトリルアミドである。
i)(1−(3−メチル−4−トリフルオロメチルフェニル−カルバモイル)−2−シクロプロピル−2−オキソ−プロピオノニトリル)、
ii)N−(4−トリフルオロメチル)−フェニル−2−シアノ−3−ヒドロキシ−ヘプト−2−エン−6−イン−カルボン酸アミド、
iii)2−シアノ−3−シクロプロピル−3−オキソ−(4−シアノフェニル)プロピオンアミド、
iv)5−(3−ブチニル)−N−[4−(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル]−4−イソオキサゾールカルボアミド、
からなる群より選ばれる誘導体、又は、その薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、互変異性体若しくは立体異性体。
の化合物からなる群より選ばれる誘導体、又は、その薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、互変異性体若しくは立体異性体。
−R鏡像異性体又はS鏡像異性体である、本開示に係る化合物の立体異性体。
−ケト型又はエノール型である、本開示に係る化合物の互変異性体。
Claims (8)
- 前記化合物は、末梢の及び/又は主に末梢の神経因性疼痛、又は、中枢の及び/又は主に中枢の神経因性疼痛の治療のために使用される、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記主に末梢の神経因性疼痛は、以下の神経因性疼痛の種類から選ばれる種類であるか、及び/又は以下の病因群から選ばれる病因を有し、
−全身性疾患、
−薬物誘発性病変、
−外傷性症候群及び絞扼性神経障害、
−神経根及び後神経節における病変、
−HIV感染後の神経障害、
−ヘルペス感染後の神経痛、
−神経根引き抜き損傷、
−脳神経病変、
−頭蓋神経痛、
−神経因性癌疼痛、
−幻肢痛、
−末梢神経、神経叢及び神経根の圧迫、
−腫瘍随伴性末梢神経障害及び神経節障害、
−癌治療による合併症、
−複合性局所疼痛症候群、
−反射性交感神経性ジストロフィー、及び
−灼熱痛、
前記主に中枢の神経因性疼痛は、
−主に視床の脳病変、
−梗塞、
−視床や脳幹を圧迫する脳の腫瘍又は膿瘍、
−多発性硬化症、
−頭痛症候群、
−脳手術、
−脊髄障害、
−脊髄損傷、
−脊髄手術、
−虚血性病変、
−前脊髄動脈症候群、
−ワレンベルグ症候群、及び
−脊髄空洞症、
の病因群から選ばれる病因を有するタイプのものである、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。 - 前記神経因性疼痛症候群は、帯状疱疹後神経痛、神経根引き抜き損傷、疼痛を伴う外傷性単神経障害、疼痛を伴う多発性神経障害、中枢性疼痛症候群、術後痛症候群、複合性局所疼痛症候群、及び/又は、片頭痛若しくは片頭痛の痛みである、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記神経因性疼痛は、脊髄損傷及び/又は脊髄挫傷に起因する中枢性疼痛症候群である、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記神経因性疼痛は、慢性神経因性疼痛である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物は、神経系の損傷後に始まって、1mg/body〜10g/bodyの1日投与量で投与される、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
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PCT/EP2011/005452 WO2012055567A2 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2011-10-28 | Use of malononitrilamides in neuropathic pain |
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SI2632451T1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
CA2814371C (en) | 2019-03-19 |
PL2632451T3 (pl) | 2018-04-30 |
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WO2012055567A2 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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CN103179962B (zh) | 2017-03-22 |
DK2632451T3 (en) | 2017-12-18 |
CN103179962A (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
EP2632451A2 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
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