JP6247296B2 - 手術用装着プラットフォームの使用者起動のクラッチ離脱 - Google Patents
手術用装着プラットフォームの使用者起動のクラッチ離脱 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ここから、同様な参照数字はいくつかの図面を通じて同様な部品を代表する、複数の図面を参照すると、図1は低侵襲ロボット手術システム(MIRS)10の平面図である。低侵襲ロボット手術システム10は、手術台14上に横になった患者12への低侵襲診断又は外科的処置を実行するために典型的に使用される。システムは、処置の間外科医18によって使用されるための外科医用コンソール16を含んでもよい。一人又はそれ以上の助手20も処置に参加することができる。MIRSシステム10は、患者側カート22(手術ロボット)及び電子カート24を更に有してもよい。患者側カート22は、外科医18がコンソール16を通して手術部位を観察している間、患者12の体の低侵襲な切開を通じて、少なくとも一つの取り外し可能に連結されたツールアセンブリ26(以下、単に“ツール”を呼ぶ)を操作することができる。手術部位の画像は、内視鏡28によって取得されることができる。内視鏡28は、例えば内視鏡28を方向付けるように患者側カート22によって操作され得る、立体視内視鏡である。電子カート24は、処理に続く外科医用コンソール16を通じた外科医18への画像表示のために、手術部位の画像を処理するために使用されることができる。一度に使用される手術ツール26の数は一般的に、その他の要素の中でもとりわけ、その診断又は外科的処置及び手術室内の空間の制約に依存する。ある処置の間に、使用中の複数のツール26のうちの一つ以上を交換することが必要な場合は、助手20は患者側カート22からツール26を取り外し、手術室内のトレイ30からの他のツール26に交換することができる。
図6は、多くの実施形態による、ロボット手術システム70の透視図法による模式的な表示である。手術システム70は、取付け基部72、支持リンク機構74、方向付けプラットフォーム76、複数の外側セットアップリンク機構78(二つ図示されている)、複数の内側セットアップリンク機構80(二つ図示されている)及び複数の手術器具マニピュレータ82を含む。マニピュレータ82のそれぞれは、マニピュレータ82に装着された手術器具を選択的に関節動作させるように機能することができ、挿入軸に沿って患者体内に挿入可能である。マニピュレータ82のそれぞれは、複数のセットアップリンク機構78,80のうちの一つに取り付けられ、それによって支持される。外側セットアップリンク機構78のそれぞれは、第一のセットアップリンク機構関節84によって、方向付けプラットフォーム76に対して回転可能に結合させられ、それによって支持される。内側セットアップリンク機構80のそれぞれは、方向付けプラットフォーム76に対して固定的に結合させられ、それによって支持される。方向付けプラットフォーム76は、支持リンク機構74に対して回転可能に結合させられ、それによって支持される。そして、支持リンク機構74は、取付け基部72に対して固定的に取り付けられ、それによって支持される。
Claims (20)
- ロボットシステムを構成するための方法であり、当該方法は、
要求される関節動作閾値よりも低い、リンク機構に対する第一の手動の努力に応じて、第一のポーズからの、当該システムの前記リンク機構の手動での関節動作を抑制するステップ、
前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える、前記リンク機構を関節動作させるための第二の手動の努力に応じて、前記第一のポーズから第二のポーズへの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を可能にするステップ、
前記リンク機構の手動での動作の速度が閾値速度よりも低いことの決定に応じて、前記第二のポーズを決定するステップ、及び
前記第二のポーズからの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を抑制するステップ、
を含む、方法。 - 関節センサは、関節に加えられた前記第一の手動の努力の第一のトルクを感知し、
手動での関節動作を抑制するステップは、プロセッサを用いて、前記リンク機構を前記第一のポーズに向かって押し戻すように、前記第一のトルクに対向する反作用トルクを前記リンク機構に引き起こすように構成された駆動信号を決定するサブステップを含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記関節センサは、前記関節に加えられた前記第二の手動の努力の第二のトルクを感知し、
前記システムの前記プロセッサは、前記第二のトルクを使用して前記第二の手動の努力が前記要求される関節動作閾値を超えることを決定し、応答して、前記第一のトルクが手動で前記リンク機構を動かすために十分であるように前記反作用トルクを低下させるように、前記駆動信号を変える、
請求項2記載の方法。 - 前記プロセッサは、閾値トルクを超える前記第二のトルクに応じて、前記第二の手動の努力が前記要求される関節動作閾値を超えることを決定する、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記システムのプロセッサは、前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える前記第二の手動の努力に応じて、駆動信号に摩擦補償成分を加えることによって、前記第二のポーズに向かう手動での動作のために前記リンク機構の摩擦を軽減するように、前記駆動信号を変える、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記第二のポーズを決定するステップは、手動での動作を抑制することなく前記動作の方向を反転させることを可能にするように、閾値滞留時間の間、前記手動での動作の前記速度が閾値速度よりも低いままであることを決定するサブステップを更に含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記要求される関節動作閾値よりも低い、前記リンク機構に対する第三の手動の努力に応じて、前記第二のポーズからの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を抑制するように、駆動信号を用いて、前記第二のポーズにある前記リンク機構を駆動するステップを更に含む、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ロボットシステムは手術ロボットシステムを含み、
前記リンク機構はセットアップ構造を含み、前記セットアップ構造は、近位側の基部及びプラットフォームを有し、前記近位側の基部と前記プラットフォームとの間には関節が配置され、
前記プラットフォームは複数の手術マニピュレータを支持し、各マニピュレータは、手術器具を着脱可能に受容するように構成された器具保持部を有し、
前記手動での動作は、手術部位に対する前記複数の手術マニピュレータのポジションを変える、
請求項1記載の方法。 - 前記ロボットシステムは、手術ロボットシステムを含み、
前記リンク機構は手術マニピュレータに含まれ、前記手術マニピュレータは、手術器具を着脱可能に受容するように構成された器具保持部及びカニューレを着脱可能に受容するように構成されたカニューレインターフェイスを有し、
前記手術マニピュレータは、前記手術器具のエンドエフェクタを低侵襲な手術用開口内で操作するために、前記手術器具のシャフトを前記カニューレに隣接する開口内で回動させるように構成され、
前記カニューレが前記カニューレインターフェイスに装着されたことに応じて、前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える手動の努力を用いた、前記リンク機構の手動での関節動作を抑制するステップを更に含む、
請求項1記載の方法。 - ロボットシステムであって、
関節を有するリンク機構、
前記リンク機構に結合した駆動又は制動システム、及び
前記駆動又は制動システムと結合したプロセッサであり、当該プロセッサは、
要求される関節動作閾値よりも低い、前記リンク機構に対する第一の手動の努力に応じて、第一のポーズからの、前記リンク機構の手動での関節動作を抑制するように、前記駆動又は制動システムに信号を送信し、
前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える、前記リンク機構を関節動作させるための第二の手動の努力に応じて前記信号を変え、変えられた信号は、前記第一のポーズから第二のポーズへの、前記リンク機構の手動での動作を可能にするように構成され、
前記リンク機構の前記手動での動作の速度が閾値速度よりも低いことの決定に応じて、前記第二のポーズを決定し、且つ
前記第二のポーズからの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を抑制するように、前記駆動又は制動システムへ信号を送信する、
ように構成されている、プロセッサ、
を有する、ロボットシステム。 - 前記関節に結合した関節センサを更に含み、前記関節センサは、前記関節に加えられた前記第一の手動の努力の第一のトルクを感知するように構成され、
前記プロセッサは、前記第一のトルクに対向し、前記リンク機構を前記第一のポーズに向かって押し戻す反作用トルクを前記リンク機構に加えるように、前記信号を決定するように構成されており、
前記駆動又は制動システムは、駆動システムを含む、
請求項10記載のロボットシステム。 - 前記関節センサは、前記プロセッサに、前記関節に加えられた第二の手動の努力の第二のトルクを送信するように構成されており、
当該ロボットシステムの前記プロセッサは、前記第二のトルクを使用して、前記第二の手動の努力が前記要求される関節動作閾値を超えるかどうかを決定し、応答して、前記第一のトルクが手動で前記リンク機構を動かすために十分であるように前記反作用トルクを低下させるように、前記信号を変える、ように構成されている、
請求項11記載のロボットシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、閾値トルクを超える前記第二のトルクに応じて、前記第二の手動の努力が前記要求される関節動作閾値を超えることを決定するように構成されている、請求項12記載のロボットシステム。
- 前記信号は駆動信号を含み、
前記プロセッサは、前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える前記第二の手動の努力に応じて、前記駆動信号に摩擦補償成分を加えることによって、前記第二のポーズに向かう手動での動作のために前記リンク機構の摩擦を軽減するように、前記駆動信号を変えるように構成されている、
請求項10記載のロボットシステム。 - 前記プロセッサは、前記手動での動作を抑制することなく前記手動での動作の方向を反転させることを可能にするように、閾値滞留時間の間、前記手動での動作の前記速度が閾値速度よりも低いことを決定することによって、前記第二のポーズを決定するように構成されている、請求項10記載のロボットシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、前記要求される関節動作閾値よりも低い、前記リンク機構に対する第三の手動の努力に応じて、前記第二のポーズからの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を抑制するように構成されている、請求項10記載のロボットシステム。
- 当該ロボットシステムは手術ロボットシステムを含み、
前記リンク機構はセットアップ構造を含み、前記セットアップ構造は、近位側の基部及びプラットフォームを有し、前記近位側の基部と前記プラットフォームとの間には関節が配置され、
前記プラットフォームは複数の手術マニピュレータを支持し、各マニピュレータは、手術器具を着脱可能に受容するように構成された器具保持部を有し、
前記手動での動作は、手術部位に対する前記複数の手術マニピュレータのポジションを変える、
請求項10記載のロボットシステム。 - 当該ロボットシステムは、手術ロボットシステムを含み、
前記リンク機構は手術マニピュレータに含まれ、前記手術マニピュレータは、手術器具を着脱可能に受容するように構成された器具保持部及びカニューレを着脱可能に受容するように構成されたカニューレインターフェイスを有し、
前記手術マニピュレータは、前記手術器具のエンドエフェクタを低侵襲な手術用開口内で操作するために、前記手術器具のシャフトを前記カニューレに隣接する開口内で回動させるように構成され、
前記プロセッサは、前記カニューレが前記カニューレインターフェイスに装着されたことに応じて、前記要求される関節動作閾値を超える手動の努力を用いた、前記関節の手動での関節動作を抑制するように構成されている、
請求項10記載のロボットシステム。 - ロボット手術システムであって、
関節を有するリンク機構であり、前記関節は近位側の基部と器具保持部との間に配置され、前記器具保持部は手術器具を着脱可能に支持するように構成された、リンク機構、
前記リンク機構に結合した駆動システム、
前記関節に結合したトルクセンサシステム、及び
前記トルクセンサシステムを前記駆動システムに結合させるプロセッサであり、当該プロセッサは、
関節動作閾値よりも低い感知されたトルクに応じて、第一の構成からの前記関節の手動での関節動作を抑制するように、前記駆動システムに駆動信号を送信し、
前記関節動作閾値を超える、前記感知されたトルクに応じて、前記駆動信号を変え、変えられた駆動信号は、前記関節動作閾値より低い動作トルクを使用した前記第一の構成から第二の構成への前記関節の手動での動作を可能にするように構成され、
閾値速度よりも低い前記手動での動作の速度に応じて、前記第二の構成を決定し、且つ
要求される関節動作閾値よりも低い前記感知されたトルクに応じて、前記第二の構成からの前記リンク機構の手動での動作を抑制するように、前記駆動システムに駆動信号を送信する、
ように構成されている、プロセッサ、
を有する、ロボット手術システム。 - ロボットアセンブリのリンク機構を動かすための手動の努力の間に、第一のポーズ及び第二のポーズにおける前記リンク機構の第一のデテント及び第二のデテントをそれぞれ模倣するように、前記ロボットアセンブリを駆動するステップ、及び
前記リンク機構の手動での動作の速度が閾値速度よりも低いことの決定に応じて、前記第二のポーズを決定するステップ、
を含む、方法。
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EP2884933B1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
EP3824840A1 (en) | 2021-05-26 |
JP2015527137A (ja) | 2015-09-17 |
WO2014028702A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
KR102283182B1 (ko) | 2021-07-29 |
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