JP6227585B2 - ハニカム構造体、及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体、及びハニカム構造体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6227585B2 JP6227585B2 JP2015071540A JP2015071540A JP6227585B2 JP 6227585 B2 JP6227585 B2 JP 6227585B2 JP 2015071540 A JP2015071540 A JP 2015071540A JP 2015071540 A JP2015071540 A JP 2015071540A JP 6227585 B2 JP6227585 B2 JP 6227585B2
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- honeycomb structure
- porosity
- partition wall
- pore diameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
- F01N2330/48—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details characterised by the number of flow passages, e.g. cell density
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/60—Discontinuous, uneven properties of filter material, e.g. different material thickness along the longitudinal direction; Higher filter capacity upstream than downstream in same housing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12042—Porous component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/1234—Honeycomb, or with grain orientation or elongated elements in defined angular relationship in respective components [e.g., parallel, inter- secting, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12479—Porous [e.g., foamed, spongy, cracked, etc.]
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Description
骨材、結合材、及び異方性粒子からなる結合助剤を所定の比率で配合し、有機バインダー、界面活性剤及び水を加えて均一に混合及び混練し、得られた成形材料を、押出成形機を利用して押出成形し、ハニカム成形体を得た。得られたハニカム成形体を切断及び乾燥後、目封止を行い、予め規定された焼成温度で焼成を行うことにより、セグメント状のハニカム構造体を得た。セグメント状のハニカム構造体を接合材を用いて接合した後、外周研削、外周コートを行うことで、本発明における実施例及び比較例のハニカム構造体を作製した。
気孔率は、隔壁の表面領域及び内部領域のそれぞれの隔壁断面の走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)写真を撮影し、市販の画像解析ソフトを用いて算出した。更に具体的に説明すると、隔壁断面のSEM画像を画像解析ソフトを用いて、二極化処理し、それぞれの表面領域及び内部領域における隔壁の部分(細孔以外の部分に相当)と細孔の部分の面積を計測し、得られた面積の計測値に基づいて各領域における気孔率を算出した。
平均細孔径は、気孔率の算出と同様に、撮影された隔壁断面のSEM画像に基づき、
画像解析ソフトを用いて、二極化処理し、それぞれの表面領域及び内部領域における各細
孔の細孔径を計測し、得られた細孔径から平均細孔径を算出した。
実施例及び比較例のハニカム構造体からDPFを作製し、室温(25℃)の空気を10Nm3/分の流量で流した際のDPFの入口(上流側)及び出口(下流側)のそれぞれの圧力を計測し、その圧力差を算出することにより圧力損失を求めた。求められた圧力損失の測定値が1.0kPa以下のものを「良」と判定し、1.0kPaを超えるものを「不可」と判定した。
実施例及び比較例のそれぞれのハニカム構造体から形成されたDPFを、排気量2.0リットルのディーゼルエンジンが搭載された乗用車の排気系に取り付けた。この乗用車をNEDC(New European Driving Cycle)モードで走行させた際のDPFの出口(下流側)における粒子状物質の個数累計からPN漏れ個数を測定した。なお、粒子状物質の個数の測定は、欧州経済委員会における自動車基準調和世界フォーラムの排出ガスエネルギー専門家会議による粒子測定プログラム(略称「PMP」)によって提案された手法に従って行った。ここで、PN漏れ個数の測定値が、1.0×108未満を「良」と判定し、1.0×108以上、1.0×109以下を「可」と判定し、1.0×109を超えるものを「不可」と判定した。
表1に示すとおり、本願発明の実施例1〜17のハニカム構造体に基づいて作製されたDPFは、圧力損失及びPN漏れ個数のいずれの判定結果において、良または可の評価であり、一方、比較例1〜11のハニカム構造体に基づいて作製されたDPFは、圧力損失及びPN漏れ個数の少なくともいずれか一方が不可の判定であった。以下、各項目について詳細を説明する。
骨材及び結合材に対して所定の配合比率の結合助剤を添加することにより(実施例1等参照)、圧力損失及びPN漏れ個数のいずれの項目においても「良」または「可」の判定結果が得られた。これに対し、結合助剤を添加しない場合(比較例1、2)、圧力損失の値が結合助剤を添加した場合と比べて高くなり、判定基準の1.0kPaを超えるものとなった。これにより、結合助剤の添加の有効性が示された。
使用する骨材(炭化珪素)の粒径を、それぞれ10μm、28μm、及び60μmに変化させ、配合比率等のその他の条件を一定にした場合、10μm〜60μmの間で(実施例2,4,5)、各項目において良または可の判定結果を得た。これにより、骨材の粒径は、10μm〜60μmの範囲が好適であることが確認された。
結合材として、本実施例では金属珪素(実施例1〜3等)及びコージェライト(実施例9〜14等)をそれぞれ使用した。この場合、圧力損失及びPN個数漏れのいずれの評価項目においても、特に結合材の種類における大きな差異は認められず、金属珪素及びコージェライトを結合材として使用可能なことが確認された。
使用する結合助剤(異方性粒子)として、長軸側粒径のそれぞれ異なる二種類のマイカ、Al−Siファイバー、及びタルクを用いた。これらの結果から、その他の条件を同一とした場合、結合助剤としてタルクを使用した場合、各項目について上記判定基準を満たすことができず、一方、マイカ及びAl−Siファイバーは、いずれも良または可の判定結果を得た。更に、マイカの粒径の違い(実施例1〜3及び実施例4〜6等参照)によって、圧力損失及びPN漏れ個数に大きな差異は認められなかった。これにより、結合助剤として、マイカ及びAl−Siファイバーが有効であることが確認された。
骨材の粒径等のその他条件を同一とし、骨材及び結合材に対する結合助剤の配合比率をそれぞれ3.0wt.%、5.0wt.%、及び10.0wt.%に変化させた場合(実施例1〜3、実施例6〜8、実施例9〜11、及び、実施例12〜14)、配合比率が高くなるにつれて、表面気孔率の値が低下し、これに対して内部気孔率の値が上昇する傾向が認められた。すなわち、結合助剤を多く添加することによって、ハニカム構造体の内部領域に多くの空隙(空孔)が認められるようになり、表面領域の気孔率がそれほど高くなくなることが示された。
骨材の粒径等のその他の条件を同一とし、結合助剤の配合比率を変化させた場合(実施例1〜3、実施例6〜8、実施例9〜11、及び、実施例12〜14)、配合比率が高くなるにつれて、表面平均細孔径の値が低下し、一方、内部平均細孔径の値が上昇することが確認された。この傾向は、上記(6−5)で示した表面気孔率及び内部気孔率と配合比率との関係と同様のものである。
骨材の粒径等のその他の条件を同一とし、結合助剤の配合比率を変化させた場合(実施例1〜3、実施例6〜8、実施例9〜11、及び、実施例12〜14)、配合比率が5.0wt.%添加したものが、圧力損失がそれぞれ最も小さな値を示した(実施例1〜3における実施例2、実施例6〜8における実施例7、実施例9〜11における実施例10、実施例12〜14における実施例13参照。)。これにより、本実施例において、ハニカム構造体の隔壁の圧力損失の低減のためには、5.0wt.%の結合助剤を添加することが好適であると確認された。一方、PN漏れ個数は、結合助剤の配合比率に応じて比例し、配合比率が高い場合(10wt.%)、それぞれ最も小さな値を示し(実施例3、実施例8、実施例11、実施例14参照)、一方、配合比率が低い場合(3.0wt.%)、それぞれ最も大きな値を示した(実施例1、実施例6、実施例9、実施例12参照)。
これにより、結合助剤の配合比率に応じて圧力損失の低減化及びPN漏れ個数を制御することができる。
Claims (2)
- 流体の流路を形成する一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びる多角形の複数のセルを区画形成する格子状の隔壁を備え、
前記隔壁は、
骨材及び前記骨材と異なる材質の結合材を用いて多孔質に形成され、
前記隔壁の隔壁表面から隔壁厚さの15%の深さまでの表面領域の表面気孔率と、前記隔壁表面から前記隔壁厚さの15%から50%の深さまでの内部領域の内部気孔率とがそれぞれ異なり、
前記内部気孔率から前記表面気孔率を減じた差が、1.5%超から13%までとなる関係を示し、
前記表面気孔率は、
30%〜37%の範囲であり、
前記内部気孔率は、
35%〜44%の範囲であり、
かつ、
前記内部領域の内部平均細孔径から前記表面領域の表面平均細孔径を減じた差が、0.5マイクロメートル超から14マイクロメートルまでとなる関係を示し、
前記表面平均細孔径は、
13〜22マイクロメートルの範囲であり、
前記内部平均細孔径は、
20〜28マイクロメートルの範囲であるハニカム構造体。 - 前記結合材は、
金属珪素及びコージェライトの少なくともいずれか一方である請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
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US15/077,033 US10195813B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-03-22 | Honeycomb structure and manufacturing method of honeycomb structure |
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