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JP6110225B2 - Laser drilling method - Google Patents

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JP6110225B2
JP6110225B2 JP2013132264A JP2013132264A JP6110225B2 JP 6110225 B2 JP6110225 B2 JP 6110225B2 JP 2013132264 A JP2013132264 A JP 2013132264A JP 2013132264 A JP2013132264 A JP 2013132264A JP 6110225 B2 JP6110225 B2 JP 6110225B2
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carbon dioxide
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総太 松本
総太 松本
伊藤 靖
靖 伊藤
勇輝 佐伯
勇輝 佐伯
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Description

本発明は、炭酸ガスレーザを用いてガラス基板に穴明け加工する方法に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a method for drilling a glass substrate using a carbon dioxide laser.

近年、携帯電話、薄型テレビ、パソコンディスプレイ等の普及に伴い、ガラス基板に貫通孔を明け、貫通電極を形成してICチップへの中継基板(インターポーザ)とする需要が高まっている。   In recent years, with the widespread use of cellular phones, flat-screen TVs, personal computer displays, etc., there is an increasing demand for forming through holes in glass substrates and forming through electrodes to form relay substrates (interposers) for IC chips.

従来、ガラス基板への穴明けは(超音波)ドリル加工が主流であったが、ドリルの激しい磨耗やクラックが入りやすいなどの問題があった(特許文献1段落0004参照)。そのため、レーザによる穴明け加工が検討されているが、高出力が得られる炭酸ガスレーザではやはりクラックが入りやすいなどの問題があり(例えば、特許文献1段落0014、特許文献2段落0004参照)、紫外線レーザが主流であった(例えば、特許文献2、特許文献3参照)。   Conventionally, drilling (ultrasonic) has been the mainstream for drilling glass substrates, but there have been problems such as severe wear and cracking of drills (see paragraph 0004 of Patent Document 1). For this reason, drilling with a laser has been studied. However, a carbon dioxide laser capable of obtaining a high output still has a problem such as being easily cracked (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Paragraph 0014 and Patent Document 2, Paragraph 0004). Lasers were mainstream (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).

特許文献1には、炭酸ガスレーザでガラス基板への穴明けが開示されているが、穴壁面の品質が悪いために紫外線レーザを用いて仕上げ加工を行うという方法である。   Patent Document 1 discloses drilling a glass substrate with a carbon dioxide gas laser. However, since the quality of the hole wall surface is poor, a finishing process is performed using an ultraviolet laser.

特開2011−143434号公報(段落0004,0014)JP2011-143434A (paragraphs 0004 and 0014) 特開2012−086993号公報(段落0004)JP2012-086993A (paragraph 0004) 国際公開第WO2010/087483号パンフレットInternational Publication No. WO2010 / 087483 Pamphlet

しかしながら、特許文献3に記載のように紫外線レーザでの加工で生産性を上げるためには高出力なエキシマレーザを用いなければならないが、その場合装置のランニングコスト、特にメンテナンス費用がかさむという問題があった。これを克服するために、特許文献1に記載のように炭酸ガスレーザで加工した後に紫外線レーザで仕上げ加工を行う場合には、加工装置が炭酸ガスレーザと紫外線レーザの両方を有していなければならず、装置コストが高くなるという問題があった。また、特許文献2に記載のように、予めガラス基板を300〜800℃まで予熱してから低出力の紫外線レーザで加工する方法も提案されているが、予熱ヒータ付きの耐熱X−Yテーブルを必要とし、装置が大型になるという問題があった。   However, as described in Patent Document 3, in order to increase productivity by processing with an ultraviolet laser, a high-power excimer laser must be used. In that case, there is a problem that the running cost of the apparatus, particularly the maintenance cost, is increased. there were. In order to overcome this, in the case where finishing processing is performed with an ultraviolet laser after processing with a carbon dioxide laser as described in Patent Document 1, the processing apparatus must have both a carbon dioxide laser and an ultraviolet laser. There is a problem that the cost of the apparatus becomes high. In addition, as described in Patent Document 2, a method of preheating a glass substrate to 300 to 800 ° C. in advance and then processing it with a low-power ultraviolet laser has been proposed, but a heat-resistant XY table with a preheating heater is proposed. There is a problem that it is necessary and the apparatus becomes large.

本発明の目的は、従来不可能と考えられていた高出力炭酸ガスレーザのみを用いてガラス基板に穴明け加工を行うことができる条件を見出すことにあり、通常の炭酸ガスレーザの比較的長いパルス幅を音響光学変調器で高速に変調して、分割することにより可能ではないかと考えた。   An object of the present invention is to find a condition that can be used for drilling a glass substrate using only a high-power carbon dioxide laser that has been considered impossible in the past, and a relatively long pulse width of a normal carbon dioxide laser. We thought that this would be possible by modulating the image with an acousto-optic modulator at high speed and dividing it.

本発明の目的を達成するためには、ワーク(50)を載置してX及びY方向に駆動可能なX−Yテーブル(51)と、炭酸ガスレーザ発振器(8)と、前記レーザ発振器(8)から出射されたレーザ(9)を高速に変調してパルスレーザ(9k)とする変調器(21)と、前記パルスレーザをワーク(50)上に集光できる光学系を有するレーザ加工装置を用い、前記パルスレーザのパワー密度を7MW/cmにし、パルス周期を3〜5μs、パルス幅を2μs、総パルス数を20〜21にすることにより、クラックの入らない穴明けができることを見出した。 In order to achieve the object of the present invention, an XY table (51) on which a work (50) can be placed and driven in the X and Y directions, a carbon dioxide laser oscillator (8), and the laser oscillator (8) A laser processing apparatus having a modulator (21) that modulates the laser (9) emitted from the laser beam (9) at high speed to form a pulse laser (9k) and an optical system that can focus the pulse laser on the work (50). It was found that drilling without cracks can be made by using a pulse laser with a power density of 7 MW / cm 2 , a pulse period of 3 to 5 μs, a pulse width of 2 μs, and a total number of pulses of 20 to 21. .

なお、上記カッコ内の符号は、図面と対照するためのものであるが、これにより特許請求の範囲の記載に何等影響を及ぼすものではない。   In addition, although the code | symbol in the said parenthesis is for contrast with drawing, it does not have any influence on description of a claim by this.

高出力の炭酸ガスレーザを用いてガラス基板に穴明けすることができる条件を見出したので、小型の装置で、低コストで生産性を向上することができる。   Since a condition for punching a glass substrate using a high-power carbon dioxide laser was found, productivity can be improved at a low cost with a small apparatus.

本発明に好適なレーザ穴明け加工装置の概略図を示す。The schematic of the laser drilling apparatus suitable for this invention is shown. 本発明に係るAOM21の動作を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows operation | movement of AOM21 which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係るレーザ穴明け加工装置の全体的な動作を示すタイミングチャートである。It is a timing chart which shows the whole operation | movement of the laser drilling apparatus which concerns on this invention.

以下、本発明に係る加工方法の実施の形態について図を用いて説明する。図1は、本発明に好適なレーザ穴明け加工装置の概略図を示す。レーザ穴明け加工装置の光学系は、レーザ発振器8、ビーム径調整器20、パルス整形器21、X方向及びY方向にレーザビームを偏向するためのガルバノミラー1a,1b、ガルバノモータ2a,2b及びガルバノ制御部3a,3bからなるガルバノスキャナ、Fθレンズ22、及びこれらを制御する加工用の制御装置52から基本的に構成されており、X方向及びY方向に移動できるX−Yテーブル51上にガラス基板50が載置されている。レーザ発振器8は波長9.4μmのレーザビーム9をパルス出力する炭酸ガスレーザ発振器である。レーザ発振器8から出力されたレーザビーム9は、ビーム径調整器20により外径を整形され、音響光学変調器21(以下、「AOM21」という。)により、加工条件に基づいて変調されたレーザビーム9kを加工用の光軸に分岐する。なお、変調されたレーザビーム9k以外の廃棄レーザビーム9dは図示を省略するダンパに照射され、熱に変換される。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a processing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a laser drilling apparatus suitable for the present invention. The optical system of the laser drilling apparatus includes a laser oscillator 8, a beam diameter adjuster 20, a pulse shaper 21, galvanometer mirrors 1a and 1b for deflecting the laser beam in the X direction and the Y direction, galvano motors 2a and 2b, and A galvano scanner composed of galvano control units 3a and 3b, an Fθ lens 22, and a control device 52 for controlling these components are basically configured on an XY table 51 that can move in the X and Y directions. A glass substrate 50 is placed. The laser oscillator 8 is a carbon dioxide laser oscillator that outputs a laser beam 9 having a wavelength of 9.4 μm. The laser beam 9 output from the laser oscillator 8 has its outer diameter shaped by a beam diameter adjuster 20 and is modulated by an acousto-optic modulator 21 (hereinafter referred to as “AOM 21”) based on processing conditions. 9k is branched to the optical axis for processing. The discarded laser beam 9d other than the modulated laser beam 9k is irradiated to a damper (not shown) and converted into heat.

図2はAOM21の動作を示すタイミングチャートである。レーザ発振器8は時刻tにショット信号を受けてレーザビーム9を出射し始め、しばらくしてから出射が安定し、時刻tにショット信号がなくなると出力がテールを引いて低下する。AOM21はレーザビーム9が安定するころ(遅れ時間8μs程度)にONされ、加工条件に合わせてパルス周期f、パルス幅wに合わせてON−OFFされ、レーザビーム9は変調されてレーザパルス出力9kに変換される。レーザパルス9kの出力時間は20μs(一定)であり、ショット信号はこの出力時間が終了するまで維持される(全28μs)。レーザパルス9kのパルス数(n)は、出力時間20μsの中に入るパルスの数である。 FIG. 2 is a timing chart showing the operation of the AOM 21. The laser oscillator 8 starts emitting the laser beam 9 in response to the shot signal at time t 0 , and the emission stabilizes after a while, and when the shot signal disappears at time t 1 , the output decreases with a tail. The AOM 21 is turned on when the laser beam 9 is stabilized (delay time is about 8 μs), and is turned ON / OFF in accordance with the pulse period f and the pulse width w in accordance with the processing conditions. The laser beam 9 is modulated and the laser pulse output 9k. Is converted to The output time of the laser pulse 9k is 20 μs (constant), and the shot signal is maintained until this output time ends (total 28 μs). The number of pulses (n) of the laser pulse 9k is the number of pulses that fall within an output time of 20 μs.

図3は全体的な動作を示すタイミングチャートである。ショット信号の周期は200μsである。変調されていないレーザビーム9の穴1個あたりのパルス数をNとすると、穴1個あたりの総パルス数はn×Nとなる。   FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the overall operation. The cycle of the shot signal is 200 μs. If the number of pulses per hole of the unmodulated laser beam 9 is N, the total number of pulses per hole is n × N.

表1はAOM21を用いて作成したパルスのパルス周期(μs)、パルス幅(μs)、パルス数、及び変調元の炭酸ガスレーザのパルス数を変えて加工した実施例と各実施例の穴明け加工結果を示す。ガラス基板50は厚さ0.1mmの硼珪酸ガラスである。用いた炭酸ガスレーザの平均出力は5W(ピークパワー:50W)、パルス周期200μs、パルス幅20μs、ビーム径30μmφ(ガウシアン)である。このときのパワー密度は7MW/cmである。加工した穴の数は各121個であり、それらを200倍の顕微鏡で観察してクラックが視認された場合(クラック1μm程度以上)に、クラック欄に「×」を記入した。「△」は121個の穴中、クラックが視認されたのが2穴のみであった。(穴の加工ピッチは、前穴加工による温度上昇の影響を受けないようにするために、1mmとした。) Table 1 shows examples of drilling performed by changing the pulse period (μs), the pulse width (μs), the number of pulses, and the number of pulses of the modulation source carbon dioxide laser produced by using the AOM 21 and each example. Results are shown. The glass substrate 50 is borosilicate glass having a thickness of 0.1 mm. The average output of the carbon dioxide laser used is 5 W (peak power: 50 W), the pulse period is 200 μs, the pulse width is 20 μs, and the beam diameter is 30 μmφ (Gaussian). The power density at this time is 7 MW / cm 2 . The number of holes processed was 121 for each, and when cracks were visually recognized by observing them with a 200 × microscope (cracks of about 1 μm or more), “x” was entered in the crack column. In “Δ”, cracks were visually recognized in only 2 holes out of 121 holes. (The hole processing pitch was set to 1 mm so as not to be affected by the temperature rise caused by the front hole processing.)

Figure 0006110225
Figure 0006110225

表1より、クラックの発生状況、上面と下面の穴径比、及び穴径がレーザビーム径に近いことを考慮して、実施例3、4を○とし、実施例5を△とした。これによりパルス周期を3〜5μs、パルス幅を2μs、総パルス数を20〜21にすることが好適であり、さらにパルス周期を3〜4μsに限定すれば、さらに好適であることがわかる。   From Table 1, considering the occurrence of cracks, the hole diameter ratio between the upper surface and the lower surface, and the hole diameter being close to the laser beam diameter, Examples 3 and 4 were evaluated as ◯ and Example 5 as △. Accordingly, it is preferable that the pulse period is 3 to 5 [mu] s, the pulse width is 2 [mu] s, and the total number of pulses is 20 to 21, and it is further preferable that the pulse period is limited to 3 to 4 [mu] s.

本実施例はガラス基板50として硼珪酸ガラスを用いたが、ソーダ石灰ガラス、無アルカリガラスも同様に加工できる。   In this embodiment, borosilicate glass is used as the glass substrate 50, but soda-lime glass and non-alkali glass can be processed similarly.

1a,1b ガルバノミラー
2a,2b ガルバノモータ
3a,3b ガルバノ制御部
8 レーザ発振器
9 レーザビーム
9k 変調前のレーザビーム
9d 廃棄レーザビーム
20 ビーム径調整器
21 音響光学変調器(AOM)
50 ガラス基板
51 X−Yテーブル
52 制御部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b Galvano mirror 2a, 2b Galvano motor 3a, 3b Galvano control part 8 Laser oscillator 9 Laser beam 9k Laser beam before modulation 9d Discard laser beam 20 Beam diameter adjuster 21 Acousto-optic modulator (AOM)
50 Glass substrate 51 XY table 52 Control unit

Claims (1)

ワークを載置してX及びY方向に駆動可能なX−Yテーブルと、
炭酸ガスレーザ発振器と、
前記レーザ発振器から出射されたレーザを高速に変調してパルスレーザとする変調器と、
前記パルスレーザをワーク上に集光できる光学系を有するレーザ加工装置を用い、
前記パルスレーザのパワー密度を7MW/cmにし、パルス周期を3〜5μs、パルス幅を2μs、総パルス数を20〜21にすることを特徴とするレーザ加工方法。
An XY table on which a work can be placed and driven in the X and Y directions;
A carbon dioxide laser oscillator;
A modulator that modulates the laser emitted from the laser oscillator at high speed to form a pulsed laser;
Using a laser processing apparatus having an optical system capable of condensing the pulse laser on a workpiece,
A laser processing method, wherein the power density of the pulse laser is 7 MW / cm 2 , the pulse period is 3 to 5 μs, the pulse width is 2 μs, and the total number of pulses is 20 to 21.
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JP6702144B2 (en) * 2016-08-04 2020-05-27 日本電気硝子株式会社 Method for manufacturing glass plate having through holes
CN106338337A (en) * 2016-11-11 2017-01-18 盐城工学院 Apparatus for carrying out on-line monitoring on punching quality during laser punching and monitoring method thereof

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JPH09107168A (en) * 1995-08-07 1997-04-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Laser processing method of wiring board, laser processing device of wiring board and carbon dioxide gas laser oscillator for wiring board processing
JPH11123577A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-05-11 Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd Laser machining method for brittle material
US7817685B2 (en) * 2007-01-26 2010-10-19 Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. Methods and systems for generating pulse trains for material processing
JP2012106266A (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-06-07 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Laser beam machining method and laser beam machining device
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