JP6090836B2 - 化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性増強剤 - Google Patents
化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性増強剤 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[1]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩を含む、癌幹細胞を含む癌に対する、化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性を増強するための剤。
[2]癌幹細胞を含む癌に罹患している哺乳動物、または癌幹細胞を含む癌の罹患歴を有する哺乳動物に対して、化学療法剤と組み合わせて投与される、[1]の剤。
[3]イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、[1]の剤。
[4]化学療法剤が、代謝拮抗剤、アルキル化剤、抗癌性抗生物質、植物アルカロイド、または分子標的治療剤である、[1]の剤。
[5]化学療法剤が5FUである、[1]の剤。
[6]癌幹細胞を含む癌が化学療法剤抵抗性の癌である、[1]の剤。
[7]癌幹細胞を含む癌が胃癌、肝癌、乳癌または大腸癌である、[1]の剤。
[8]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩と、化学療法剤とを組み合わせてなる、癌幹細胞を含む癌を治療するための剤。
[9]イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、[8]の剤。
[10]化学療法剤が、代謝拮抗剤、アルキル化剤、抗癌性抗生物質、植物アルカロイド、または分子標的治療剤である、[8]の剤。
[11]化学療法剤が5FUである、[8]の剤。
[12]癌幹細胞を含む癌が化学療法剤抵抗性の癌である、[8]の剤。
[13]癌幹細胞を含む癌が胃癌、肝癌、乳癌または大腸癌である、[8]の剤。
[14]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩と、化学療法剤とを組み合わせてなる、癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移または再発を予防するための剤。
[15]イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、[14]の剤。
[16]化学療法剤が、代謝拮抗剤、アルキル化剤、抗癌性抗生物質、植物アルカロイド、または分子標的治療剤である、[14]の剤。
[17]化学療法剤が5FUである、[14]の剤。
[18]癌幹細胞を含む癌が化学療法剤抵抗性の癌である、[14]の剤。
[19]癌幹細胞を含む癌が胃癌、肝癌、乳癌または大腸癌である、[14]の剤。
[20]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩を含む、癌幹細胞の分化を誘導するための剤。
[21]イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、[20]の剤。
[22]癌幹細胞が胃癌幹細胞、肝癌幹細胞または大腸癌幹細胞である、[20]の剤。
[23]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩を含む、癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移を抑制するための剤。
[24]イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、[23]の剤。
[25]癌幹細胞を含む癌が胃癌、肝癌、乳癌または大腸癌である、[23]の剤。
[26]化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性の増強において使用するための、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩。
[27]癌幹細胞を含む癌の治療において使用するための、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩、及び化学療法剤を含む組み合わせ物。
[28]癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移または再発の予防において使用するための、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩、及び化学療法剤を含む組み合わせ物。
[29]癌幹細胞の分化誘導において使用するための、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩。
[30]癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移の抑制において使用するための、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩。
[31]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、当該哺乳動物における化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性増強方法。
[32]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩、及び化学療法剤の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、該哺乳動物における癌幹細胞を含む癌の治療方法。
[33]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩、及び化学療法剤の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、該哺乳動物における癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移または再発の予防方法。
[34]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、該哺乳動物における癌幹細胞の分化誘導方法。
[35]イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンから選ばれる少なくとも一種の分岐鎖アミノ酸またはその塩の有効量を哺乳動物に投与することを含む、該哺乳動物における癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移の抑制方法。
また、分岐鎖アミノ酸を化学療法剤と組み合わせて、癌幹細胞を含む癌の罹患歴がある患者に投与することにより、効果的に癌の転移や再発を予防することが可能である。
イソロイシンまたはその塩のみを分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;
ロイシンまたはその塩のみを分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;
バリンまたはその塩のみを分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;
イソロイシンまたはその塩およびロイシンまたはその塩を分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;
イソロイシンまたはその塩およびバリンまたはその塩を分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;
ロイシンまたはその塩およびバリンまたはその塩を分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様;並びに
イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を分岐鎖アミノ酸として含有する態様。
本発明の剤または組成物は、好ましくは、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含有する。
(1)上述の分岐鎖アミノ酸(好ましくは、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩)および化学療法剤を同時に単回または複数回投与すること、
(2)第一段階として上述の分岐鎖アミノ酸(好ましくは、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩)を単回または複数回投与し、第二段階として化学療法剤を単回または複数回投与すること、
(3)第一段階として上述の分岐鎖アミノ酸(好ましくは、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩)を単回または複数回投与し、第二段階として上述の分岐鎖アミノ酸(好ましくは、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩)および化学療法剤を同時期に単回または複数回投与すること、
(4)(2)または(3)の工程を複数回繰り返すこと
等の工程が含まれる。
ヒト肝臓癌細胞株HAK4を12000個/wellの濃度でプレートに播種し、2mM BCAAまたはLC 2.5%培地中で72時間培養した。BCAAはイソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンからなる混合物(重量比:イソロイシン:ロイシン:バリン=1:2:1.2)である。BCAAの濃度「2mM」は、イソロイシン、ロイシンおよびバリンの全アミノ酸の濃度の合計である。
LC 2.5%培地の組成を以下の表に示す。尚、LC 2.5%の「2.5%」は牛血清の含有量を示している。
ヒト肝臓癌細胞株HAK4を3000個/wellの濃度でプレートに播種し、以下の条件下で72時間培養した:
・LC 2.5%培地
・BCAA(2mM)
・5FU(2.5μg/ml)
・BCAA(2mM)+5FU(2.5μg/ml)
即ち、96穴プレート中の細胞を1X Binding Bufferでリンスし、各ウェルにannexin V(1μl)を含有する1X Binding Bufferを40μl加え、暗中、室温にて5〜15分間、インキュベートした。細胞を洗浄し、2%ホルムアルデヒド中で固定した。ヘキスト33258溶液を含むPBSを100μl加え、暗中5分間インキュベートした後、Array Scanでアポトーシス細胞(%)を検出した。
実施例1と同様に、ヒト肝臓癌細胞株HAK1Bを4000個/wellの濃度でプレートに播種し、2mM BCAAまたはLC 2.5%培地中で72時間培養した。72時間培養後に細胞を回収し、ISOGEN(ニッポン・ジーン)により全RNAを精製した。RT−PCRにより、EpCAM、AFPおよびCYP3A4のmRNAの発現を定量した。
7週齢の雌のBALB/cヌードマウス(日本チャールスリバーより購入)にHAK1B細胞を700万個/個体 皮下移植した。1週間後に腫瘍面積に基づき群分けを実施した。5FU 250μg/tumor(vehicle 10% DMSO/DW)を腫瘍内に投与すると共に(Cancer Research, 70(11), 4687-4697, 2010参照)、3(w/w)% BCAA混餌食または3(w/w)% カゼイン混餌食を2週間供与した。即ち、4つの群における処置は以下の通りである:
1群:vehicle + カゼイン混餌食(コントロール群)
2群:5FU + カゼイン混餌食
3群:vehicle + BCAA混餌食
4群:5FU + BCAA混餌食
ノギスを用いて腫瘍外側から腫瘍体積(長径x短径x高さ(mm3))を測定することにより、経時的な腫瘍体積変化をモニターした。43日目に剖検をし、腫瘍の重量および体積を計測した。
HCT116細胞(ヒト大腸癌細胞株)を4000個/wellでプレートに播種し、2mM BCAAまたはLC 2.5%培地中で72時間培養した。72時間培養後に細胞を回収し、抗CD44抗体(一次抗体)と1時間室温にてインキュベートし、更にCy5をコンジュゲートした二次抗体と1時間室温にてインキュベートした。細胞を4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定し、ヘキスト33258溶液で染色し(5分間室温にてインキュベーション)、染色液をPBSで置換し、Array ScanによりCD44陽性細胞の割合を解析した。CD44は大腸癌幹細胞マーカーである。
HCT116細胞(ヒト大腸癌細胞株)を4000個/wellの濃度でプレートに播種し、以下の条件下で72時間培養した:
・LC 2.5%培地
・BCAA(2mM)
・5FU(2μg/ml)
・BCAA(2mM)+5FU(2μg/ml)
ヒト大腸癌細胞HCT116を、BALB/cヌードマウス(雌、6週齢、各群5匹)に1x105個/匹移植した。HCT116細胞は、予め7日間、4mM BCAAで処理をした。コントロール群は、HCT116細胞を4mM BCAAで処理していない。細胞の移植は、マウスの筋層を切開後、脾臓を露出し、脾臓の両端血管を緩く糸で縛り、脾臓へ注射針でゆっくりHCT116細胞を移入し(100μl)、両端の糸を縛って止血後、脾臓を摘出し、筋層を縫合し、皮膚をホッチキスで止めることにより行った。3週間、マウスを通常飼育した後に、マウスを安楽死させ、肝臓表面の転移癌の個数を測定した。
MKN45細胞(ヒト胃癌細胞株)を4000個/100μl/wellで96穴プレートに播種し、以下の条件で72時間培養した:
・LC培地(10% FBS)
・LC培地+BCAA(2mM又は4mM)
・LC培地+5FU(0.05μg/ml、0.1μg/ml、0.5μg/ml又は1μg/ml)
・LC培地+BCAA(2mM又は4mM)+5FU(0.05μg/ml、0.1μg/ml、0.5μg/ml又は1μg/ml)
MKN45細胞(ヒト胃癌細胞株)を4000個/100μl/wellで96穴プレートに播種し、以下の条件下で72時間培養した:
・LC培地(10% FBS)
・LC培地+BCAA(2mM又は4mM)
・LC培地+5FU(0.05μg/ml又は0.1μg/ml)
・LC培地+BCAA(2mM又は4mM)+5FU(0.05μg/ml又は0.1μg/ml)
MKN45細胞(ヒト胃癌細胞株)を4000個/100μl/wellで96穴プレートに播種し、RPMI1640培地(10%FBS)或いはBCAA(2mM又は4mM)含有RPMI1640培地(10%FBS)中で72時間培養した。72時間後に上清を除去し、パラホルムアルデヒドで固定後、抗CD44抗体(一次抗体)と1時間室温にてインキュベートし、更にTexas Redをコンジュゲートした二次抗体と1時間インキュベートした。上清を除去し、Hoechst試薬で核染色後、Array Scanのtarget activationモードでCD44陽性細胞の割合を解析した。
6週齢の雌のBALB/cヌードマウスにMKN45細胞を1×106個/マウス 皮下移植した。1週間後に腫瘍体積に基づき群分けを実施した。TS−1 10mg/kg(vehicle 0.5% CMC)、TS−1 10mg/kg+BCAA 0.75g/kg、又はBCAA 0.75g/kgを土日を除く毎日、6週間経口投与した。即ち、4つの群における処置は以下の通りである:
1群:CMC(vehicle)
2群:TS−1
3群:TS−1+BCAA
4群:BCAA
TS−1 0.2g中
テガフール 20mg
ギメラシル 5.8mg
オテラシルカリウム 19.6mg
MDA−MB231細胞をRPMI−10%(10%FBSを含有するRPMI培地)に懸濁し、2000個/wellでプレートに播種した。次の日に、培地を、以下の通りに交換し、更に5日間培養した。
1群:RPMI−10%
2群:BCAA(4mM)を含有するRPMI−10%
3群:5−FU(0.25μg/ml)を含有するRPMI−10%
4群:5−FU(0.25μg/ml)を含有するRPMI−10%
7週齢の雌のBALB/cヌードマウス(日本チャールスリバーより購入)にHAK1B細胞を700万個/個体 皮下移植した。1週間後に腫瘍面積に基づき群分けを実施した。5FU 250μg/tumor(vehicle 10% DMSO/DW)を腫瘍内に投与すると共に(Cancer Research, 70(11), 4687-4697, 2010参照)、3(w/w)% BCAA混餌食または3(w/w)% カゼイン混餌食を2週間供与した。即ち、4つの群における処置は以下の通りである:
1群:vehicle + カゼイン混餌食(コントロール群)
2群:5FU + カゼイン混餌食
3群:vehicle + BCAA混餌食
4群:5FU + BCAA混餌食
6週齢の雌のBALB/cヌードマウスにMKN45細胞を1×106個/マウス 皮下移植した。1週間後に腫瘍体積に基づき群分けを実施した。TS−1 10mg/kg(vehicle 0.5% CMC)、TS−1 10mg/kg+BCAA 0.75g/kg、又はBCAA 0.75g/kgを土日を除く毎日、6週間経口投与した。即ち、4つの群における処置は以下の通りである:
1群:CMC(vehicle)
2群:TS−1
3群:TS−1+BCAA
4群:BCAA
また、分岐鎖アミノ酸を化学療法剤と組み合わせて、癌幹細胞を含む癌の罹患歴がある患者に投与することにより、効果的に癌の転移や再発を予防することが可能である。
従って、本発明は癌の予防や治療のための医薬等として有用である。
Claims (13)
- 化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性を増強する量のイソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、癌幹細胞を含む癌に対する、化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性を増強するための剤であって、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:1.5〜2.5:0.8〜1.5である、剤。
- 癌幹細胞を含む癌に罹患している哺乳動物、または癌幹細胞を含む癌の罹患歴を有する哺乳動物に対して、化学療法剤と組み合わせて投与される、請求項1記載の剤。
- 化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性を増強する量のイソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩と、有効量の化学療法剤とを組み合わせてなる、癌幹細胞を含む癌を治療するための剤であって、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:1.5〜2.5:0.8〜1.5である、剤。
- 化学療法剤の抗腫瘍活性を増強する量のイソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩と、有効量の化学療法剤とを組み合わせてなる、癌幹細胞を含む癌の転移または再発を予防するための剤であって、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:1.5〜2.5:0.8〜1.5である、剤。
- 化学療法剤が、代謝拮抗剤、アルキル化剤、抗癌性抗生物質、植物アルカロイド、または分子標的治療剤である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 化学療法剤が5FUである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 癌幹細胞を含む癌が化学療法剤抵抗性の癌である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 癌幹細胞を含む癌が胃癌、肝癌、乳癌または大腸癌である、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- (1)イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩、
ならびに化学療法剤を同時に単回または複数回投与すること、
(2)第一段階として、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を単回または複数回投与し、第二段階として化学療法剤を単回または複数回投与すること、
(3)第一段階として、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を単回または複数回投与し、第二段階として、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩、ならびに化学療法剤を同時期に単回または複数回投与すること、または
(4)(2)または(3)の工程を複数回繰り返すこと
を特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項記載の剤。 - 癌幹細胞の分化を誘導する量のイソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩を含む、癌幹細胞の分化を誘導するための剤であって、イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:1.5〜2.5:0.8〜1.5である、剤。
- 癌幹細胞が胃癌幹細胞、肝癌幹細胞または大腸癌幹細胞である、請求項10記載の剤。
- イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:1.9〜2.2:1.1〜1.3である、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- イソロイシンまたはその塩、ロイシンまたはその塩、およびバリンまたはその塩の遊離体換算重量比が、1:2:1.2である、請求項12項記載の剤。
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