JP6029374B2 - Buffer pads and railway tracks - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a buffer pad for a railroad track, and a railroad track including the buffer pad.

  A railroad track typically includes a pair of rails that guides the traveling of the railway vehicle, a sleeper that supports the pair of rails, and a roadbed that supports the sleepers. As the road bed, for example, a ballast road bed in which ballast (crushed stone or gravel) is spread and a slab road bed made of concrete plates are known. On the other hand, in the track laid on the bridge, the roadbed may be omitted from the viewpoint of weight reduction or the like, and in this case, the sleeper is supported by the main girder or vertical girder of the bridge as a support.

  Wooden sleepers are often used as sleepers, but concrete sleepers that are excellent in durability and synthetic sleepers that are also excellent in durability and light weight are also used.

  However, concrete sleepers and synthetic sleepers generally have a lower viscoelasticity and tend to have a less buffering effect than wooden sleepers. A gap may be generated between the sleeper and the support that supports the sleeper due to secular change.In this case, an impact load acts on the support as the vehicle travels, and a relatively large noise is generated. May occur. Furthermore, in a track with a non-moving floor laid on a bridge, strains may accumulate in the girders that support the sleepers due to repeated impact loads, leading to fatigue damage. Therefore, a cushioning material may be installed between the sleeper and the support that supports the sleeper.

  The buffer material typically has a flat plate shape, and is fixed to the installation surface of the sleeper using, for example, an adhesive. In addition, the cushioning material fixed to the sleeper mounting surface using an adhesive or the like may be peeled off from the sleeper, and may fall off between the sleeper and the support due to, for example, vibration caused by running of the vehicle. In order to prevent this, a non-separable cushioning material integrated with a sleeper is also known (see Patent Document 1).

  The cushioning material described in Patent Document 1 is an anti-vibration rubber attached to the installation surface of a concrete sleeper, and has a plurality of protrusions embedded in the sleeper, and the concrete forming the sleeper is solidified. It is attached to the mounting surface of the sleeper before it is done, and the concrete is solidified and fixed to the mounting surface of the sleeper inseparably.

JP-A-8-13401

  When the vibration isolating rubber described in Patent Document 1 is installed on an existing track, and when maintaining the track on which the vibration isolating rubber is installed, it is necessary to replace the sleepers together, resulting in a great work load. . Track maintenance and management is typically performed outside the railway operating hours, such as at night, and is performed within a limited time. Therefore, the buffer pad is required to have a small work load required for its installation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and its purpose is to reduce the work burden required for installation and to ensure a long period of time between the sleeper and the support body that supports the sleeper. And a railroad track using the buffer pad.

(1) A sleeper of a railroad track, and the sleeper is formed by a fixture that is formed in a width smaller than that of the sleeper and extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail of the railroad track, and locks the edge in the width direction. A buffer pad installed between the fixed body and the body part sandwiched between the sleeper and the support; and a set of sandwiching the sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the rail An engagement portion that engages with the edge portion of the support that is locked to the fixture, and includes at least one of a surface that contacts the sleeper and a surface that contacts the support. A surface structure that generates an urging force toward the engaging portion when a compressive load is applied is formed on any one surface, and the surface structure includes a plurality of surfaces extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail. It has a ridge, and the tip surface of the ridge is The shock absorbing pad (2) which is an inclined surface inclined to the opposite side to the engaging portion side, a sleeper supporting the rail, and a width smaller than the sleeper and formed in the longitudinal direction of the rail The extending support includes a fixture for fixing the sleeper, and a buffer pad installed between the sleeper and the support, the fixture in the width direction of the support The buffer pad includes a body portion that is sandwiched between the sleeper and the support, a pair of sandwiching portions that sandwich the sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and the fixture. wherein an engaging portion for engaging the edge of the support and possess, at least one of the buffer the surface in contact with the surface and the support in contact with the sleepers of the main body portion of the pad to be locked to One side is moved forward by a compressive load The surface structure which produces the urging | biasing force which goes to the said engaging part side of the buffer pad is formed, The said surface structure has several protrusions extended in the longitudinal direction of the said rail, The front-end | tip of the said protrusion A railroad track whose surface is an inclined surface inclined to the side opposite to the engaging portion side .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the work burden required for installing the buffer pad. Moreover, a buffer pad can be reliably hold | maintained between a sleeper and a support body for a long period of time, and a buffering effect can be maintained over a long period of time. As a result, the impact acting on the support as the railway vehicle travels can be mitigated, the progress of fatigue of the support can be suppressed, and noise can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows an example of a railroad track for demonstrating embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the railroad track of FIG. 1 in a cross section. It is a figure which shows the buffer pad of the railroad track of FIG. It is a figure which shows the buffer pad of FIG. 3 in the state installed in the railroad track of FIG. 1 in a cross section. It is a figure which shows the modification of the buffer pad of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other modification of the buffer pad of FIG.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a railroad track for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows the railroad track of FIG.

  A rail track 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a rail track laid on a bridge 2. In the present specification, the “bridge” is not limited to an aerial structure for passing over a water surface such as a river, but includes a viaduct that is an aerial structure for passing over land.

  The bridge 2 includes a plurality of bridge piers 10 provided at intervals in the extension direction of the track, and a main girder 11 spanned between adjacent piers 10.

  The main girder 11 is a member that mainly supports the load of the railway track 1 laid on the bridge 2 and is provided between a plurality of adjacent bridge piers 10 and extends parallel to each other in the extending direction of the track. Reinforcing materials such as a horizontal girder arranged orthogonal to the main girder 11 and a vertical girder arranged in parallel with the main girder 11 are also used as appropriate. Configure.

  The railroad track 1 includes a pair of rails 20 that are arranged to extend in parallel with each other in the extending direction of the track, a sleeper 21 that supports the pair of rails 20, a fixture that fixes the sleeper 21 to the bridge 2, and a buffer And a pad 22.

  A plurality of sleepers 21 are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the rails 20, and are laid under the rails 20 across the pair of rails 20 to support the rails 20. The rail 20 is fastened to the sleeper 21 using a known fastening device (not shown) such as a dog nail.

  In this example, the sleeper 21 is a synthetic sleeper made of a resin having excellent durability and light weight. As a synthetic sleeper, for example, a sleeper formed by FFU (glass long fiber reinforced plastic foam) formed by reinforcing a hard urethane resin with long glass fibers can be exemplified. However, the sleeper 21 is not limited to a synthetic sleeper, and may be a wooden sleeper or a concrete sleeper, for example.

  The sleeper 21 is placed on the main girders 11 across the two main girders 11 arranged adjacent to each other in the direction in which the pair of rails 20 are arranged. 11 is fixed. When there is a vertical girder arranged in parallel with the main girder 11, the sleeper 21 may be fixed to the vertical girder. Here, in the following description, the arrangement direction of the pair of rails 20 is defined as the width direction, and the dimension of each element in the same direction is referred to as “width”. The dimension of each element in the longitudinal direction of the rail 20 is referred to as “length”.

  In the illustrated example, the main girder 11 to which the sleeper 21 is fixed is provided with a pair of opposed strip-shaped flange portions 12 and a pair of the flange portions 12 orthogonal to each other. Are formed of so-called H steel having a substantially “H” cross section, and the width W1 of the flange portion 12 is equal to the width W2 of the sleeper 21. Smaller than that.

  In the illustrated example, a hook bolt 25 is used as a fixture for fixing the sleeper 21 to the main beam 11. The hook bolt 25 penetrates the end portion of the sleeper 21 positioned outside the two main beams 11 adjacent in the width direction in the overlapping direction of the main beam 11 and the sleepers 21. A hook-shaped locking portion 26 is provided at the tip of the hook bolt 25 protruding from the sleeper 21 toward the main beam 11, and from the sleeper 21 on the opposite side to the main beam 11. At the base end portion of the protruding hook bolt 25, a washer 27 and a nut 28 for fastening the washer 27 are provided.

  The hook bolt 25 engages the engaging portion 26 with the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 facing the outside of the two main girders 11 adjacent in the width direction, and the flange portion is interposed between the engaging portion 26 and the washer 27. The sleeper 21 is fixed to the main girder 11 by sandwiching 12 and the sleeper 21.

  The hook bolt 25 is passed through the center portion of the sleeper 21 located inside the two main girders 11 adjacent in the width direction, and the engaging portion 26 of the hook bolt 25 is engaged with the inner edge portion of the flange portion 12. The sleeper 21 may be fixed to the main beam 11.

  The buffer pad 22 is provided at a location where the flange portion 12 of the main girder 11 and the sleeper 21 overlap each other, and is disposed between the flange portion 12 and the sleeper 21.

  FIG. 3 shows the buffer pad 22, and FIG. 4 shows the buffer pad 22 in a state installed on the railroad track 1 in cross section.

  The buffer pad 22 includes a body portion 30 that is sandwiched between the flange portion 12 of the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21, a pair of sandwiching portions 31 that sandwich the sleeper 21 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 20, and hook bolts 25. The engaging portion 32 is engaged with the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 locked by the locking portion 26.

  The main body portion 30 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape, and its length L3 is larger than the length L2 of the sleeper 21 that overlaps the main body portion 30, and its width W3 is equal to that of the main body portion 30. It is formed to be larger than the width W1 of the flange portion 12 that overlaps therewith.

  The pair of sandwiching portions 31 is erected on the edge portion of the main body 30 that is orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the rail 20, and sandwiches the sleeper 21 placed on the main body 30 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 20. .

  In the illustrated example, the engaging portion 32 is one edge portion of the main body portion 30 that is orthogonal to the width direction, and is an edge portion that protrudes outward from the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 in the width direction. Has been. Here, the main body portion 30 is formed of a material that is deformed by a compressive load, and as shown in FIG. 4, as the main body portion 30 is compressed between the flange portion 12 and the sleeper 21, The engaging portion 32 located outside the flange portion 12 bulges toward the flange portion 12 and engages with the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12.

  At one edge of the engaging portion 32, that is, the main body portion 30, a notch 33 for receiving the hook bolt 25 that locks the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 is provided at a substantially central portion in the extending direction. ing.

  As a material for forming the main body 30, for example, rubber-based elastic materials such as NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber), EPDM (ethylene propylene diene rubber), and CR (chloroprene rubber) can be used. NBR and EPDM can be preferably used. In the illustrated example, the pair of sandwiching portions 31 is formed integrally with the main body 30 using the same material as the main body 30.

  The buffer pad 22 is prevented from being displaced with respect to the sleeper 21 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 20 by sandwiching the sleeper 21 in the longitudinal direction of the rail 20 by a pair of sandwiching portions 31.

  The buffer pad 22 engages the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 locked by the hook bolt 25 with the engaging portion 32, whereby the main girder 11 toward the inner edge portion of the flange portion 12 in the width direction. The positional deviation with respect to the main girder 11 toward the outer edge of the flange portion 12 is also prevented by the main body 30 being pressed against the hook bolt 25.

  Therefore, the buffer pad 22 is reliably held between the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21 for a long period of time, and the buffering action is maintained for a long period of time. Thereby, the impact which acts on the main girder 11 with driving | running | working of a vehicle can be relieve | moderated, progress of the fatigue of the main girder 11 can be suppressed, and noise can be reduced.

  In particular, in the illustrated example, a notch 33 is provided at the edge of the main body 30 serving as the engaging portion 32, and by receiving the hook bolt 25 in the notch 33, the edge of the main body 30 is removed. The flange portion 12 can be disposed so as to protrude outward from the outer edge portion 14 with a sufficient width. Thereby, the strength of the engaging portion 32 can be increased, and the buffer pad 22 can be more reliably held between the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21.

  When the buffer pad 22 is replaced in the maintenance management of the railroad track 1 described above, for example, for each section, the pair of rails 20 are lifted together with the sleepers 21, and the new buffer pad 22 is replaced with the old buffer pad 22. It is only necessary to arrange and lower the pair of rails 20. When newly installing the buffer pad 22 on the existing railway track, the buffer pad 22 can be installed by the same operation.

  As described above, the buffer pad 22 is not fixed to either the main beam 11 or the sleeper 21 and is only sandwiched between the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21, and therefore the work load required for installing the buffer pad 22. For example, when the cushioning material is fixed to the sleeper, the work load when the sleeper is replaced is greatly reduced.

  FIG. 5 shows a modification of the buffer pad 22 described above.

  In the buffer pad 122 shown in FIG. 5, a fine surface structure 134 is formed on the lower surface of the main body 30 in contact with the main beam 11. The surface structure 134 is constituted by a plurality of ridges 135 arranged in the width direction of the main body 30, and the tip surface of the ridge 135 is an inclined surface that is inclined to the side opposite to the engagement portion 32 side.

  When the cushion pad 122 is sandwiched between the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21 and a compressive load is applied, the surface structure 134 generates a biasing force toward the engaging portion 32 side. The above-mentioned urging force is generated every time a compression load is applied to the buffer pad 122 as the vehicle travels, and the buffer pad 122 tends to be biased toward the hook bolt 25 side.

  The restraining force of the buffer pad 122 due to the contact between the main body 30 and the hook bolt 25 is usually higher than the restraining force of the buffer pad 122 due to the engagement between the engaging portion 32 and the flange portion 12 of the main girder 11. It becomes. Therefore, the surface structure 134 is formed, and the buffer pad 122 is configured to tend to be biased toward the hook bolt 25, so that the buffer pad 122 is more reliably disposed between the main beam 11 and the sleeper 21. Can be held.

  In the buffer pad 122, the notch 33 that receives the hook bolt 25 also functions as an index indicating the direction of application of the urging force generated in the surface structure 134, and prevents the buffer pad 122 from being installed incorrectly.

  In this example, the surface structure 134 is described as being formed on the lower surface of the main body 30 in contact with the main girder 11. However, the surface structure 134 is formed on the upper surface of the main body 30 in contact with the sleeper 21. It can also be formed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the main body 30.

  FIG. 6 shows another modification of the buffer pad 22 described above.

  In the buffer pad 22 described above, as the main body portion 30 is compressed between the flange portion 12 of the main girder 11 and the sleeper 21, the edge portion of the main body portion 30 bulges to become the engaging portion 32. However, in the buffer pad 222 shown in FIG. 6, an engaging portion 232 that engages with the outer edge portion 14 of the flange portion 12 is erected in advance on the edge portion of the main body portion 30. This buffer pad 222 also has the same effect as the buffer pad 22 described above. The surface structure 134 of the buffer pad 122 described above can also be applied to the buffer pad 222.

  The buffering effect by the buffer pad was verified.

  First, in the existing railway track laid on the bridge using wooden sleepers, the contact state between the sleepers and the flanges of the H steel constituting the girders to which the sleepers are fixed was confirmed. On the inner edge side, a gap of about 1 to 3 mm was confirmed between the sleeper and the flange portion.

  The sleeper was replaced with a synthetic sleeper, and the actual working stress generated at the joint portion with the flange portion of the connecting portion of the H steel as the vehicle traveled was measured both before and after installation of the buffer pad. The buffer pad has the same configuration as the buffer pad 22 described above, and is formed of NBR (nitrile butadiene rubber) with the body portion sandwiched between the sleeper and the flange portion having a width of 410 mm × a length of 210 mm × a thickness of 4 mm. What was done was used. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the stress which arises on the outer side of the connection part of H steel makes the compression direction positive, and the stress produced on the inner side makes the tension direction positive.

  As is apparent from Table 1, it can be seen that the stress reduction effect of 80% or more can be obtained by installing the buffer pad.

  In addition, when the cushioning material formed in a flat plate shape with substantially the same outer dimensions as the main body of the buffer pad is installed together, and the positional deviation of the buffer material and the buffer pad is checked periodically, the flat plate shape As for the cushioning material, some of the cushioning material had fallen off between the sleeper and the girder when 7 days passed after the construction, whereas the above cushioning pad, when 6 months passed after construction In all of the buffer pads, no misalignment was confirmed, and it was held between the sleepers and the girders.

  As described above, the following items are disclosed in this specification.

(1) A sleeper of a railroad track, and the sleeper is formed by a fixture that is formed in a width smaller than that of the sleeper and extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail of the railroad track, and locks the edge in the width direction. A buffer pad installed between the fixed body and the body part sandwiched between the sleeper and the support; and a set of sandwiching the sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the rail The cushion pad according to (1), wherein the body portion includes a sandwiching portion and an engagement portion that engages with the edge portion of the support that is locked to the fixture. Is formed of a material that can be deformed by a compressive load, and the engaging portion is an edge of the main body that is disposed beyond the edge of the support in the width direction of the support. The body is compressed between the sleeper and the support. Buffer pad bulges the support side, for engaging the edge of the support by.
(3) The buffer pad according to (1) or (2), wherein the engagement portion is provided with a notch for receiving the fixing tool.
(4) The buffer pad according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein at least one of the surface in contact with the sleeper and the surface in contact with the support body of the main body, A buffer pad in which a surface structure that generates an urging force toward the engaging portion when a compressive load is applied is formed.
(5) The buffer pad according to (4), wherein the surface structure has a plurality of ridges extending in a longitudinal direction of the rail, and a tip surface of the ridge is formed on the engagement portion side. Is a buffer pad that is inclined to the opposite side.
(6) A rail, a sleeper that supports the rail, a fixture that fixes the sleeper to a support that is formed in a width smaller than the sleeper and extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and the pillow And a buffer pad installed between the support and the support, wherein the fixture locks an edge in the width direction of the support, and the buffer pad includes the sleeper and the support. A pair of sandwiching portions for sandwiching the sleeper in the longitudinal direction of the rail, and an engagement portion that engages with the edge portion of the support that is locked to the fixture And having a railway track.
(7) The railway track according to (6), wherein the main body portion of the buffer pad is formed of a material that can be deformed by a compressive load, and the engagement portion of the buffer pad is the support body. An edge of the body portion of the buffer pad disposed in the width direction beyond the edge of the support body, the body portion of the buffer pad between the sleeper and the support body A railway track that bulges to the support side by being compressed and engages with the edge of the support.
(8) The railroad track according to (6) or (7), wherein the engagement portion of the buffer pad is provided with a notch for receiving the fixture.
(9) The railway track according to any one of (6) to (8), wherein at least one of a surface contacting the sleeper and a surface contacting the support body of the main body portion of the buffer pad A railroad track in which a surface structure that generates an urging force toward the engaging portion side of the buffer pad when a compressive load is applied to the surface is formed.
(10) The railroad track according to (9), wherein the surface structure includes a plurality of ridges extending in a longitudinal direction of the rail, and a front end surface of the ridge is formed on the engagement portion side. Is a railway track that is inclined to the opposite side.
(11) The railroad track according to any one of (6) to (10), wherein the sleeper is a synthetic sleeper.
(12) The railroad track according to any one of (6) to (11), wherein the railroad track is laid on a bridge, and the support is a bridge girder.

1 Railroad track 2 Bridge 10 Bridge pier 11 Main girder (support)
12 Flange part 14 Outer edge part 20 Rail 21 Sleeper 22 Buffer pad 23 Fastening device 25 Hook bolt (fixing tool)
30 Main body part 31 Clamping part 32 Engagement part

Claims (8)

The sleeper is fixed by a sleeper of a railroad track and a fixture formed to have a width smaller than that of the sleeper and extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail of the railroad track, and locking the edge in the width direction. A buffer pad installed between the support and
A body part sandwiched between the sleeper and the support,
A set of sandwiching portions for sandwiching the sleepers in the longitudinal direction of the rail;
An engaging portion that engages with the edge of the support that is locked to the fixture;
Equipped with a,
A surface structure that generates an urging force toward the engagement portion when a compressive load is applied is formed on at least one of the surface in contact with the sleeper and the surface in contact with the support of the main body. Has been
The surface structure has a plurality of ridges extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
The front end surface of the ridge is a buffer pad that is inclined to the side opposite to the engagement portion side . The buffer pad according to claim 1,
The main body is formed of a material that can be deformed by a compressive load,
The engaging portion is an edge of the main body that is disposed in the width direction of the support beyond the edge of the support, and the main body is between the sleeper and the support. A cushioning pad that bulges toward the support side by being compressed by and engages with the edge of the support. The buffer pad according to claim 1 or 2,
A buffer pad in which the engagement portion is provided with a notch for receiving the fixture. Rails,
A sleeper supporting the rail;
A fixture for fixing the sleeper to a support formed in a width smaller than the sleeper and extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail;
A buffer pad installed between the sleeper and the support;
With
The fixing device locks the edge in the width direction of the support,
The buffer pad includes a body portion sandwiched between the sleeper and the support, a pair of sandwiching portions for sandwiching the sleeper in a longitudinal direction of the rail, and the support that is locked to the fixture. an engaging portion for engaging the edge of the body, was closed,
At least one of the surface of the buffer pad that contacts the sleeper and the surface that contacts the support is attached to the buffer pad toward the engagement portion when a compressive load is applied. A surface structure that generates power is formed,
The surface structure has a plurality of ridges extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
The railroad track in which the front end surface of the ridge is an inclined surface inclined to the side opposite to the engaging portion side . The railway track according to claim 4 ,
The body portion of the buffer pad is formed of a material that can be deformed by a compressive load,
The engagement portion of the buffer pad is an edge portion of the main body portion of the buffer pad that is disposed beyond the edge portion of the support body in a width direction of the support body, and the main body of the buffer pad. A railroad track that bulges toward the support body by being compressed between the sleeper and the support body and engages with the edge of the support body. The railway track according to claim 4 or 5 ,
A railroad track in which a notch for receiving the fixture is provided in the engaging portion of the buffer pad. A railway track according to any one of claims 4 to 6 ,
The sleeper is a railway track that is a synthetic sleeper. A railway track according to any one of claims 4 to 7 ,
A railway track laid on a bridge, wherein the support is a bridge girder.

Images