JP6018160B2 - Manufacturing method of lens having processing step by grinding or polishing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lens having a processing step by grinding or polishing, and particularly relates to a manufacturing technique in a processing step by grinding or polishing, which is suitable for manufacturing a lens that requires a highly accurate optical surface.

  In general, as a lens processing apparatus that performs processing by grinding or polishing on a lens, a lens holder that is connected to an oscillating upper shaft at an angle and a polishing mounted on a rotating lower shaft. An upper shaft swing type polishing machine called an Oscar type using a polishing dish having a surface has been known for a long time (for example, see Patent Document 1 below). In this type of polishing machine, the lens holder has a high degree of freedom in the angular direction and rotation direction, so it is easy to obtain a uniform polishing action. Since the coupling angle fluctuates, the amount of rocking of the upper shaft increases and the angle difference between the axis of the Kanzashi and the direction of the sphere core increases, so the sphere of the polishing surface is between the surface to be polished of the lens and the polishing surface of the polishing dish. The machining pressure toward the core direction increases or decreases in accordance with the oscillation cycle. For this reason, there is a problem that uniform grinding or polishing action cannot be generated, and as a result, it is difficult to obtain a highly accurate optical surface.

  On the other hand, the lens holder is attached to the lower end of the upper shaft, and the upper shaft and the lower shaft (polishing dish) are relatively swung so as to rotate around the spherical core corresponding to the polishing surface. A center swing type polishing apparatus is known (for example, see Patent Document 2). In this spherically oscillating type polishing apparatus, the lens holder is fixed, the lens is attached to the lens holder via a cushioning material such as an O-ring, and the upper shaft is rotated around the axis while the lower shaft is It has a structure in which a lower shaft spherical core swinging type device that swings around the position of the spherical core and a lens holder that is connected to the upper shaft Kanzashi so that the lens holder can be angularly and freely rotated. 2. Description of the Related Art There is known an upper shaft ball core swing type device that swings around a core and performs processing by rotating a lower shaft around an axis.

JP 2004-255492 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-22797

  By the way, in the case of using an upper-axis spherical core swinging type apparatus in which the lens holder is connected angularly and rotatably and the lens holder is swung around the spherical core, pressurization called Kanzashi is used. A swing driving force for causing a swing motion about the spherical core is applied to a connection point between the shaft member and the lens holder.

  For example, in the ball core swing type polishing machine of Patent Document 2, the pressure pin 12 is swung left and right along the concave spherical polishing surface of the polishing plate 3 around the ball core position C, and the lens 1 is moved. Move along the polishing surface. Here, in the case shown in FIG. 2, since the lens 1 having a convex curved surface to be polished is polished on the concave spherical polishing surface of the polishing plate 3, the pressure pin 12 is connected to the lens holder 11. When the connecting portion between the pressure pin 12 and the lens holder 11 is configured to be freely angled so that the lens holder 11 moves in the direction along the polishing surface. Further, a couple force acts on the lens holder by the swing driving force in the moving direction received from the pressure pin 12 and the reverse friction force received from the polishing surface, and the moment due to this couple moves the lens on the polishing surface. Since the lens holder 11 acts in a direction opposite to the direction of the change in the posture of the lens holder 11, there is a problem that smooth movement along the polished surface of the lens holder 11 is impaired.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, when a lens having a concave curved surface to be polished is polished by a convex spherical polishing surface, a couple similar to the above acts on the lens holder 11; The moment due to the force is the same as the direction of the posture change of the lens holder 11 caused by the movement on the polishing surface by polishing, and therefore, the smooth movement along the polishing surface of the lens holder 11 is hardly hindered.

  Therefore, in the case of FIG. 2, unlike the case of FIG. 3, it is conceivable that the pressure pin 12 is connected to the lens holder 11 with the angle fixed. However, if this is done, the angular displacement of the lens holder 11 at the time of polishing is restricted, so that it is impossible to sufficiently absorb the stress fluctuation applied to the lens at the time of polishing.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problems, and the problem is that a pressure shaft is attached to the lens holder so that the angle can be freely rotated. In the machining process that swings around the sphere core, the movement of the lens on the machining surface that accompanies the swing is made smooth without sacrificing the advantages of the conventional machining process. An object of the present invention is to realize a lens manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a provided lens.

  In view of such circumstances, the lens manufacturing method of the present invention is a lens manufacturing method including a lens processing step of processing the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22) by grinding or polishing, and the lens processing step Is a processing member (21) having a processing surface (21a) made of a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (22a), and the processing surface on the processing surface (21a). A lens holder (20) for holding the lens (22) against which the lens (22a) is abutted, and a pressure shaft member (18a) connected to the lens holder (20) so as to be angularly and freely rotatable from above. And a process using.

  In the present invention, in the lens processing step, a connection point (P) between the lens holder (20) and the pressure shaft member (18a) is the surface of the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22). The distance (L) to the spherical core (O) is the opposite side of the spherical core (O) from the machining position on the machining surface (21a), and the spherical core (O) and the machining position The lens holder (20) is pressed through the pressure shaft member (18a) and passes through the spherical core (O). While the pressure shaft member (18a) is swung around the swing axis (11x), the processing member (21) is rotated around the swing axis (11x) by the spherical core (O) ( 19x) is processed by rotating around.

  According to this invention, the connecting point (P) between the lens holder (20) and the pressure shaft member (18a) is the sphere with respect to the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the lens (22). The swing driving force (Fp) applied from the pressure shaft member (18a) to the lens holder (20) by being arranged on the opposite side across the core (O) is the position of the connection point (P), That is, the spherical core (O) is sandwiched between the processing position (22a) of the lens (22) held by the lens holder (20) and the processing surface (21a) of the processing member (21). Will be given to the opposite position. Thus, the swing driving force (Fp) received by the lens holder (20) from the pressure shaft member (18a) is the direction in which the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22) moves on the processing surface (21a) ( It is given to the lens holder (20) in the opposite direction to Dp). As a result, the oscillation driving force (Fp) that the lens holder (20) receives from the pressing shaft member (18a) and the frictional force (Fq) that the processing surface (22a) receives from the processing surface (21a) are: It occurs in the same direction on both sides of the core (O). For this reason, the couple generated in the lens holder (20) is only the difference between the swing driving force Fp and the frictional force Fq, and the moment of the couple is limited to the direction and size required for processing. Further, the moment to change the posture of the lens holder (20) acts on the lens holder (20) in the same direction as the posture change accompanying the swinging of the lens holder (20). Since it does not hinder, the work surface (22a) can be smoothly moved on the work surface (21a). Accordingly, the lens (22) being processed has a smooth processing action while maintaining an angular and rotatable connection mode of the connecting point (P) for absorbing the stress fluctuation applied to the lens (22). Since it can give stably, the grinding | polishing and grinding | polishing effect | action of high precision can be produced with respect to the optical surface of a lens (22).

  Further, the distance (L) of the connection point (P) to the spherical core (O) is equal to or greater than the distance (R) of the machining position to the spherical core (O) (this is the surface to be machined (22a ) Means that the distance (L + R) between the processing position on the processing surface (21a) and the connecting point (P) is at least twice the distance (R)). 21a) The lens holder at the connection point (P) with respect to the moment caused by the frictional force (Fq) that the work surface (22a) of the lens (22) receives from the work surface (21a) at the processing position on the lens 21a). Since the moment due to the swing driving force (Fp) that (20) receives from the pressure shaft member (18a) tends to increase, the lens (22) and the lens holder (20) are centered on the spherical core (O). It can be easily swung. In other words, the swing driving force (Fp) required to swing the lens holder (20) against the frictional force (Fq) on the processed surface (21a) can be reduced. Since the lens holder (20) can be smoothly swung without applying an excessive driving load to the connection point (P) between the pressure shaft member (18a) and the lens holder (20), the connection point (P) A stable machining state can be obtained while sufficiently absorbing the stress fluctuation.

  In the present invention, the distance (L) from the connection point (P) to the spherical core (O) is the distance (the distance from the spherical core (O) at the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the lens (22)). R) is preferably 2 times or less of R). This means that the distance (L + R) between the processing position of the processing surface (22a) on the processing surface (21a) and the connection point (P) is not more than three times the distance (R). . According to this, while ensuring the above effects, it is possible to avoid an increase in the manufacturing cost associated with an increase in the size and size of the lens processing device (10), or an unstable processing state.

In the present invention, the swing range of the pressure application shaft member (18a) is around a predetermined central angular position phi ₀ inclined to one side with respect to the axis (19x) of said workpiece (21), the working is preferably set axis member (21) relative to (19x) asymmetrically rocking angle range phi _W. According to this, the center by setting the angular position phi ₀ and the swing angle range phi _W, the lens (22) workpiece machining surface rotation axis (19x) near the peripheral speed of (21a) (21) Since it is possible to reduce the time for sliding contact with the slow part and to provide a time for a part of the outer periphery of the lens (22) to be outside the processed surface (21a), the central axis of the lens (22) It is possible to increase the shape accuracy of the optical surface by controlling the occurrence of a near-surface texture (middle height or drop) or the near-surface texture of the lens (22).

  In the present invention, a tip end portion of the pressure shaft member (18a) on the lens holder (20) side has an outer surface shape configured at least in a convex spherical shape, and the lens holder (20) includes the additional portion. A concave fitting portion (20d) having an inner surface formed in a concave spherical shape for receiving the tip portion of the pressure shaft member (18a) and forming a universal joint that is freely rotatable and angleable with the tip portion. It is preferable to have.

  In the present invention, the lens holder (20) includes a lens housing portion (20A) having a housing recess (20a) for housing the lens (22), and an inner surface of the housing recess (20a). A concave inner surface (20b) having a shape along the rear surface (22b) opposite to the processed surface (22a) of (22), and the inner surface (20b) of the concave surface and the rear surface (22b) of the lens (22). And a surface having a relatively high coefficient of friction with respect to the back surface (22b) of the lens (22) and a coefficient of friction relatively low with respect to the inner surface of the recess (20b). And a lens protective sheet (insole sheet, 20c) having a back surface.

  In this case, the lens protection sheet (20c) has a surface having a felt-like raised surface on the front surface and a mesh-like surface on which the network structure including fibers in at least two directions intersecting each other is exposed. It is desirable. According to this, the back surface (22b) of the lens (22) is further less likely to be damaged by the surface provided with the raising, and the contact between the lens protection sheet (20c) and the inner surface of the recess (20b) by the mesh-like back surface. Friction can be further reduced by reducing the area. Therefore, since the lens (22) and the lens protection sheet (20c) can be configured to be movable integrally within the housing recess (20a), the stress fluctuation that the lens (22) receives during processing can be further alleviated. For example, when the outer edge shape of the lens (22) is circular and the lens (22) is rotatably held in a corresponding circular recess (20a), the lens (22) is a lens holder. The stress fluctuation can be mitigated by being accompanied by rotation of the processed member (21) inside (20).

Next, another lens manufacturing method of the present invention includes an upper shaft (14) swingable around a swing axis (11x) and a lower shaft (19) rotatable around a rotation axis (19x). The lens (22) is processed by grinding or polishing, and the lens (22) is mounted on the upper shaft (14). A pressure shaft member (18a) is provided so as to be connectable to the lens holder (20) to be held at an angle and rotatable from above, and the lower shaft (19) is provided with the lens (22). A processing member (21) having a processing surface (21a) made of a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (22a) is configured to be attachable,
The lens processing step
When the processed member (21) is attached to the lower shaft (19), the spherical core O of the processed surface (21a) is disposed at the intersection of the swing axis (11x) and the rotational axis (19x). Forming the step, and
When the lens holder (20) is accommodated and disposed such that the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22) is in contact with the processing surface (21a), the pressure shaft member (18a) and the lens Forming a distance L of the connection point (P) with the holder (20) with respect to the spherical core (O) to be not less than a distance (R) between the processed surface (21a) and the spherical core (O); ,
Next, the processing member (21) is attached to the lower shaft (19), and the lens holder (20) holding the lens (22) is disposed on the processing surface (21a), and the lens holder (20 ) With the pressure shaft member (18a);
Thereafter, the lens (22) is rotated by rotating the lower shaft (19) around the rotation axis (19x) while swinging the upper shaft (14) around the swing axis (11x). And a step of executing the processing.

  Next, the lens processing apparatus (10) of the present invention is a lens processing apparatus used in a lens processing step for processing the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22) by grinding or polishing, and the processing surface (22a). ) And a processing member (21) having a processing surface (21a) made of a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (21a), and the processing surface (22a) is brought into contact with the processing surface (21a). A lens holder (20) for holding the lens (20), a pressure shaft member (18a) connected to the lens holder (20) so as to be freely angular and rotatable from above, and the pressure shaft member ( A pressing means (17) for applying a pressure (Fs) to the lens holder (20) via 18a) and a swing axis (11x) passing through the spherical core (O) of the processed surface (21a). Shake the pressure shaft member (18a) around And a rotation drive mechanism (40) for rotating the processing member (21) around a rotation axis (19x) intersecting the oscillation axis (11x) at the spherical core (O). The connecting point (P) between the lens holder (20) and the pressure shaft member (18a) is the processing surface (21a) of the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22). The distance (L) to the spherical core (O) is the distance between the spherical core (O) and the machining position on the opposite side of the spherical core (O) with respect to the upper machining position. (R) It is arrange | positioned in the position away more than the above.

  According to the present invention, in a machining process that has a pressure shaft attached to a lens holder so as to be freely rotatable and rotatable, and swings a rotating machining member around a spherical core of a machining surface. A lens manufacturing method capable of manufacturing a lens having a high-precision optical surface by facilitating the movement of the lens on the processing surface due to rocking without impairing the advantages of the conventional processing steps It is possible to achieve an excellent effect that can be realized.

It is the side view (a), front view (b), and enlarged front view (c) which show the mode of the manufacturing process of embodiment of the manufacturing method of the lens which concerns on this invention. It is the side view (a) which shows a mode at the time of processing the concave curved surface of the lens of a comparative example, a front view (b), and an enlarged front view (c). It is a side view of the lens processing apparatus used for the said embodiment. It is a front view of the lens processing apparatus used for the said embodiment. It is an enlarged front view of 2nd Embodiment. It is an enlarged front view of the 2nd comparative example.

  Next, an embodiment of a lens manufacturing method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Initially, the structure and operation | movement aspect of the lens processing apparatus 10 used in the lens processing process of the manufacturing method of the lens of this embodiment are demonstrated. 3 is a schematic side view of the lens processing apparatus 10, and FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of the lens processing apparatus.

  The lens processing apparatus 10 includes a swing drive mechanism 30 for swinging the upper shaft 14 around the axis 11x, and a rotation drive mechanism 40 for rotating the lower shaft 19 around the axis 19x. The lens processing apparatus 10 includes a pivot shaft 11 that is pivoted about a horizontal axis 11x by a pivot drive mechanism 30, and a pivot that is attached to the pivot shaft 11 and extends in a radial direction about the axis 11x. Arm 12. The end portion of the swing arm 12 extends forward, and the upper shaft guide 13 is held and fixed at the front end thereof. The upper shaft guide 13 guides the upper shaft 14 so as to be movable up and down along the axis 14x while maintaining the posture along the radial direction centering on the axis 11x.

  The upper shaft 14 is connected and fixed to the bracket 15 at the upper end position extending through the upper shaft guide 13. The upper shaft guide 13 supports a pressure cylinder 17 via a bracket 16, and a pressure rod 17 a of the pressure cylinder 17 is connected to the bracket 15. A pin holder 18 for holding and fixing a pressure pin (pressure shaft member) 18a, which is a Kanzashi, is attached to the lower end of the upper shaft 14. The pressurizing pin 18a engages with a pin engaging portion 20d of the lens holder 20, which will be described later, in such a manner that it can be freely angled and rotated in all directions.

  The lower shaft 19 is rotationally driven by the rotational drive mechanism 40 about a vertical axis 19x. A processing member 21 ′ (a dummy is shown in FIG. 3) which is a grinding member (grinding dish) or a polishing member (polishing dish) is attached and fixed to the upper end of the lower shaft 19. As shown in FIG. 1, the processing member 21 of the embodiment described later includes a processing surface 21 a that is a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface, and the axis of the processing surface 21 a coincides with the axis 19 x. A processed surface 22a, which is a convex curved surface of a lens 22 mounted on a lens holder 20 described later, is disposed on the processed surface 21a so as to be in sliding contact. The axis 19x intersects both the axis 11x and the axis 14x. The intersection of the axis 11x and the axis 19x is the spherical core O of the processed surface 21a, and the axis 14x of the upper shaft 14 swings about the spherical core O.

The swing drive mechanism 30 supports the swing frame 31 and supports the pivot shaft 11 so as to be rotatable, a drive motor 33 attached to the swing frame 31, and the drive motor. A crank plate 34 that is rotationally driven by 33 and supported by the swing frame 31, a first link 35 that is rotatably connected to the crank plate 34, the first link 35, and the rotation shaft 11 and a second link 36 that is rotatably connected to the second link 36. The crank plate 34 is movably provided with a connecting member 34a connected to the first link 35, and the connecting member 34a can adjust the distance from the rotational drive shaft of the drive motor 33 by operating an adjusting screw 34b. It is comprised so that it may become. For this reason, by setting the distance to the rotation drive shaft of the connecting member 34a by the adjusting screw 34b, the rotation range of the rotation shaft 11 (the swing arm 12 or the upper shaft) via the first link 35 and the second link 36. as 14 swing range of) can be obtained appropriately, it is possible to set the rocking angle range phi _W.

The shaft support portion 32 rotatably supports the rotating shaft 11 via a holding cylinder portion 32 a fixed to the swing frame 31. Usually, the holding cylinder portion 32a is supported and fixed to a support base 32b attached to an apparatus frame (not shown). It is configured to be rotatable. The holding cylinder portion 32a is connected to a gear 32d, and the gear 32d meshes with an angle adjustment mechanism (not shown) having a worm (not shown). In a state where the clamp state of the holding cylinder portion 32a is released by operating the clamp knob 32c, the holding cylinder portion 32a can be operated by manually operating the angle adjusting mechanism so that the holding cylinder portion 32a can be together with first link 35 and second link 36 can be pivoted about the axis 11x, which makes it possible to set the center angular position phi _0. The display plate 37 disposed between the swing arm 12 and the swing drive mechanism 30 includes an angle scale indicating the angular position of the swing arm 12 (upper shaft 14) measured with respect to the vertical posture. Yes.

  The lower shaft 19 is rotatably supported by the shaft support portion 41 in a state having a vertical axis 19x. A pulley 42 is attached to the lower shaft 19 below the shaft support 41, and this pulley 42 is driven to rotate by a drive motor (not shown) via a drive belt or the like. A cover 43 and a connecting member 44 are disposed on the lower shaft 19. The cover 43 is for preventing a polishing liquid or the like from entering the shaft support 41 during processing. Further, the lower shaft 19 is connected to an attachment base 45 for the processing member 21 described later via the connecting member 44. The mounting base 45 is arranged at a fixed height position with respect to the axis 11x, and when the processing member 21 having a predetermined vertical dimension H is mounted, the spherical core O of the processing surface 21a of the processing member 21 is It is configured to be disposed on the axis 11x. The vertical dimension H can be changed depending on the design of the lens processing apparatus 10, but is set to a value such as 50 mm (for small apparatus), 100 mm (for standard apparatus), or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lens processing apparatus 10 is provided with a processing amount measuring unit 50 for measuring a processing amount (grinding amount or polishing amount) according to the position of the upper shaft 14 toward the spherical core O. It has been. The processing amount measuring unit 50 is provided with a processing amount setting unit 51 including a micrometer head attached to the bracket 15, while a detection end of a detection sensor 52 attached to the bracket 16 is provided with the processing amount. It is comprised so that a contact with the setting edge part of the setting part 51 may be detected. Further, a restricting member 53 constituted by a bolt screwed to a nut fixed to the bracket 15 is provided, and the tip of the restricting member 53 comes into contact with a stop member 54 provided on the bracket 16 so that A restricting means for restricting the shaft 14 from descending further is configured. Therefore, the lower limit value of the lowering amount of the upper shaft 14 is set by the restricting member 53 and the stop member 54, and the set end of the processing amount setting unit 51 is increased by the processing amount desired to be set from the position detected by the detection sensor 52. Thus, the machining amount can be set.

The lens processing apparatus 10 is provided with a control unit (not shown) (configured by an MPU, a sequencer, etc.) and an operation panel for operating the control unit. By various operations on the operation panel, control of the pressurization state of the pressurization cylinder 17, setting of the pressurization value, selection of the stop condition of the machining operation (for example, time (timer) or detection signal of the detection sensor 52 described above) Any one of them), the rotation speed of the lower shaft 19, the oscillation cycle of the upper shaft 14, etc. can be set. Incidentally, the center angular position phi ₀ releases the fixed state with respect to the support base 32b by holding tubular portion 32a by loosening the clamping knob 32c, by operating the angle adjusting mechanism (not shown), the holding cylinder portion 32a, It is set by rotating around the axis 11x together with the swing frame 31, the crank plate 34, the first link 35 and the second link 36, and then tightening the clamp knob 32c to attach the holding cylinder portion 32a to the support base 32b. Confirm by fixing again. Further, the rocking angular range phi _W can be set by rotating the adjusting screw 34b as described above.

  (Comparative Example) Next, a comparative example according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the configuration of the lens processing apparatus 10 is basically the same as that described with reference to FIGS. In this comparative example, the processing member 121 having a convex spherical processing surface 121 a is attached to the mounting base 45. Here, the spherical core O of the processing surface 121a is disposed below the processing surface 121a. The lens holder 120 houses a lens 122 having a concave curved surface 122 a in the housing recess 120 a, and a lens protection sheet 120 c is interposed between the recess inner surface 120 b and the lens 122. Here, the concave inner surface 120b and the lens protection sheet 120c are configured similarly to a lens protection sheet 20c described later.

  The lens holder 120 is provided with a pin engaging portion 120d connected to the pressure pin 18a. In this comparative example, unlike the embodiments described later, the processing position where the processing surface 121a and the processing surface 122a of the lens 122 are in sliding contact with each other and the connection point P between the pressure pin 18a and the lens holder 120 are spherical cores. Arranged on the same side with respect to O. In this case, the distance L from the connecting point P to the spherical core O is always larger than the distance R from the processing position to the spherical core O due to the presence of the thickness d at the center of the lens 122.

  In this comparative example, the swing driving force Fp applied to the lens holder 120 at the connection point P as the upper shaft 14 swings moves the processing position in the same direction Dp as the direction of the force. Since the frictional force Fq generated in the direction is opposite to the swing driving force Fp, unlike the embodiment described later, the lens holder 120 is provided with the sum of the swing driving force Fp and the frictional force Fq and both. The couple works according to the distance of the points. However, in this comparative example, the couple causes a moment in the same direction as the orientation of the lens holder 120 that is generated when the lens holder 120 is moved by the swing driving force Fp. Since the sliding of the surface 122a to be processed 122 on the processing surface 121a is hardly hindered and a large driving load is not applied to the connection point P, the lens holder 120 and The lens 122 slides smoothly to some extent on the processing surface 121a, and an almost stable processing state can be obtained.

  In this comparative example, in order to reduce the moment of the couple, it is considered that the connection point P is closer to the processing position. However, the distance LR is physically larger than the thickness d of the center portion of the lens 122. The value cannot be reduced and the effect is not great. Therefore, the entire back surface 122b of the lens 122 is supported by the concave inner surface 120b via the lens protection sheet 120c, and uniform pressure is applied to the entire back surface 122b, thereby suppressing deformation of the lens 122 during processing. It is preferable to make the distance L of the connection point P close to the distance R of the machining position within a possible range.

  In this comparative example, the connection point P between the pressure pin 18a and the lens holder 120 is disposed on the same side as the processing position where the processing surface 121a and the processing surface 122a are in sliding contact with respect to the spherical core O, It differs from the embodiment described in detail below in that the distance L of the connecting point P to the spherical core O is inevitably greater than or equal to the sum of the distance R from the spherical core at the processing position and the thickness d of the central portion of the lens 122. However, with respect to other points, the lens processing step described above can be performed in the same manner as in the following embodiment.

  (Second Comparative Example) Next, with reference to FIG. 6, a method of manufacturing a lens having a processing step for grinding or polishing of a different comparative example will be described. In this illustrated example, since the thickness d of the lens 122 is larger than the outer diameter, the distance between the processing surface 122a and the base end portion 122d of the lens 122 is determined by the spherical core O and the processing position (the processing surface 122a and the processing surface). It is larger than the distance R to the portion slidably contacting 121a. For this reason, even if the lens holder 120 is thinned and the distance between the base end portion 122d of the lens 122 and the pin engaging portion 120d is reduced, the distance L of the connection point P to the spherical core O is nearly twice the distance R. It has become. In the illustrated example, since the distance LR between the processing surface 121a and the connection point P is close to the distance R, the moment of the couple generated by the swing driving force Fp and the frictional force Fq is increased, and processing anxiety is increased. Bring qualitative. In particular, when the distance LR is greater than the distance R, there is a high risk of causing an accident that the lens holder 120 is detached when the applied pressure Fs is decreased.

  (Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of a lens manufacturing method according to the present invention using the lens processing apparatus 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. Here, the lens manufacturing method of the present embodiment includes a lens processing step. This lens processing step may be any of a lens grinding step (rough rubbing), a fine grinding step, and a polishing step (finish polishing).

  As shown in FIG. 1C, the lens holder 20 includes a disk-shaped lens housing portion 20A for housing the lens 22, and extends upward from the lens housing portion 20A. And a columnar extension 20B provided with The lens housing portion 20A is mounted on the housing recess 20a for housing the lens 22, the recess inner surface 20b constituting the inner bottom surface of the housing recess 20a, and the recess inner surface 20b, and the lens 22 is directly on the recess inner surface 20b. And a lens protection sheet (insole sheet) 20c for preventing damage due to contact.

  The concave inner surface 20b is formed in a curved surface shape substantially corresponding to the back surface 22b opposite to the processing surface 22a of the lens 22. In the lens protection sheet 20c, the surface of the lens 22 that contacts the back surface 22b is made of an elastic material (such as a urethane material) that adheres to the back surface 22b of the lens 22 with a high coefficient of friction. In order to prevent as much as possible, it is preferable to be configured on a brushed surface. In the lens protection sheet 20c, the back surface that contacts the concave inner surface 20b is made of a low friction material (such as a fluororesin) that is slidably in contact with the concave inner surface 20b with a lower friction coefficient. In particular, the back surface of the lens protection sheet 20c is preferably composed of a fiber material made of a mesh-like low friction material pasted to the back surface of the surface material. If the network structure is configured to be exposed on the back surface with fibers in at least two directions intersecting with each other, it is possible to further reduce friction by reducing the contact area. By using the lens protection sheet 20c as described above, it is possible to reduce the degree of restraint of the lens 22 by the lens holder 20 while avoiding damage to the back surface 22b of the lens 22. In addition, since uniform pressure can be applied to the entire surface of the lens 22, it is possible to avoid the influence on the optical surface due to deformation of the lens 22 during processing.

  A pin engaging portion 20d is formed at the end of the extension portion 20B of the lens holder 20, and this pin engaging portion 20d has a structure in which a concave spherical spherical concave portion is provided in the inner part of the tapered hole shape. I have. The convex spherical joint end formed at the tip of the pressure pin 18 a is fitted into the joint concave portion, so that the pressure pin 18 a is in a predetermined angle range but is not in the lens holder 20. Thus, they are connected to each other so as to be freely angleable and rotatable about the axis 14x.

  In the lens holder 20, when the processing surface 21a of the processing member 21 is brought into sliding contact with the processing surface 22a of the processing member 21, the pin engaging portion 20d has the spherical core O and the polishing surface 21a centered on the spherical core O. It is comprised so that it may arrange | position in the position away more than the distance R. That is, when grinding or polishing is performed using the lens holder 20 configured in this manner, the pin engaging portion 20d is in contact with the sliding contact area (processing position) between the processing surface 21a and the processing surface 22a. It is located on the opposite side of the sphere core O and at a position having a distance L that is more than the distance R from the sphere core O. Thus, when the pressure pin 18a swings along a circular arc on one swing plane centered on the spherical core O, the lens holder 20 applies pressure in the direction from the pressure pin 18a toward the spherical core O. While receiving Fs, the pressure pin 18a swings left and right according to the above swing. At this time, since the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 held by the lens holder 20 slides along the processing surface 21a of the processing member 21, the axis 20x of the lens holder 20 always passes through the spherical core O of the processing surface 21a. Swing left and right in the posture to do. Therefore, even if this oscillation occurs, there is almost no difference in the angle between the axis 14x of the pressure pin 18a and the axis 20x of the lens holder 20, so that the pressure Fs applied by the pressure cylinder 17 and received by the lens holder 20 is applied. Is almost constant, and a stable machining state can be obtained.

  However, the frictional force Fq generated between the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 and the processing surface 21a of the processing member 21 is not necessarily constant and varies to some extent with time. However, the influence on the processing state due to this variation is that the above-described lens is connected to the connecting structure in which the pressure pin 18a and the lens holder 20 can be freely rotated about the axis 14x in all directions. It is relieved by the lens 22 in the housing recess 20a of the holder 20 and the holding structure made rotatable between the lens protection sheet 20c and the recess inner surface 20b. Due to this relaxation action, it is possible to reduce damage to the work surface 22a caused by a sudden change in frictional force. In other words, the connection structure and the holding structure allow the lens holder 20 to swing and the lens 22 to rotate along with the rotation of the processing member 21 and the swinging of the pressure pin 18a, so that the surface to be processed of the lens 22 is achieved. 22a smooth and highly accurate machining is realized.

At the time of the swing, a swing driving force Fp, which is a rotational force, is applied from the pressure pin 18a to the lens holder 20 in the circumferential direction on the swing plane centered on the spherical core O. With this swing driving force Fp, the lens 22 held by the lens holder 20 slides in the swing direction Dp along the swing plane and the processed surface 21a. At this time, a frictional force Fq opposite to the swing direction Dp is generated between the processed surface 22a of the lens 22 and the processed surface 21a. This frictional force Fq is proportional to the vertical drag which is the sum of the weight of the lens holder 20 and the lens 22 and the applied pressure Fs received from the pressure pin 18a. The weight hardly affects the vertical drag when the swing angle range is narrow and the ratio to the applied pressure Fs is small. In particular, when the center angle position φ ₀ is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees and the swing angle range φ _W is in the range of 5 to 30 degrees, the bias angle has a narrow and narrow swing angle range. The tendency becomes stronger.

  In the example shown in FIG. 1C, the connecting point P between the pressure pin 18a and the lens holder 20 is at a distance R with respect to the spherical core O (L = R). In this case, since the swing drive force Fp and the friction force Fq are generated at a distance from the spherical core O, if the swing drive force Fp slightly exceeds the friction force Fq, the moment (Fp−Fq) × R is The lens holder 20 and the lens 22 rotate around the spherical core O. On the other hand, when the distance L from the connecting point P to the spherical core O is smaller than R (L <R), the moment becomes Fp × L−Fq × R, and therefore the swing necessary for swinging is required. The driving force Fp is considerably larger than the friction force Fq. For this reason, a large load is applied to the connection point P, and it becomes difficult to cause a smooth swing. When the connecting point P approaches the spherical core O, it becomes difficult to swing the lens holder 20 over time.

  On the other hand, when the distance L from the connecting point P to the spherical core O is larger than R (L> R), the moment is obtained even when the oscillation driving force Fp is smaller than the friction force Fq, and thus oscillation occurs. To be able to. However, if the distance L is greater than R, the swinging width increases with the turning radius of the pressure pin 18a, so that the dimensions of each part of the lens processing device 10, such as the movable distance along the axis 14x of the upper shaft 14, It is necessary to ensure a large size of the polishing tank. In particular, when the lens diameter is large or the number of attached lenses is large, the lens holder is also enlarged, so that the apparatus needs to be further enlarged. When the distance L is greater than R, the center of gravity of the lens holder 20 moves upward, the weight of the lens holder 20 increases, or the shape accuracy decreases due to insufficient rigidity of the lens holder 20, etc. It becomes difficult to obtain a stable machining state with rocking. Further, when the center of gravity of the lens holder 20 is on the upper side, when the swing angle is shifted from the reference angle (vertical direction) and the lens holder 20 is tilted, the weight burden of the lens holder 20 is below the processing surface 22a. Since the processing pressure is unevenly distributed to the portion, the workability may be impaired. In particular, when the distance L exceeds 2R, the above-described Fp suppression effect decreases, whereas the above-described defects increase rapidly. Therefore, in order to ensure the processing quality of the lens without increasing the size of the lens polishing machine, it is preferable to set the distance L of the connection point P to the spherical core O to 2R or less.

  Next, a more specific procedure in the lens manufacturing method of the present embodiment will be described. First, in the lens manufacturing method of the present embodiment, one or a plurality of processing steps for performing processing such as polishing or grinding of the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 is performed. At least one lens among these processing steps is performed. In the processing process, the following steps are performed.

  First, a processing member 21 having a processing surface 21a having a shape suitable for the prescribed vertical dimension H of the lens processing apparatus 10 and the curvature of the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 and other dimensions is formed (processing member formation). Step). That is, when the processed member 21 is attached to the mounting base 45, the spherical core O of the processed surface 21a must be disposed on the axis 11x and the axis 19x. Therefore, the vertical dimension H of the lens processing device 10 is formed so that the vertical dimension from the spherical core O of the processed surface 21a of the processed member 21 to the lower end of the processed member 21 is equal. The processed surface 21a is formed as a different surface depending on the type of the processing step, for example, whether it is a grinding step (rough rubbing), a fine grinding step, a polishing step (finish polishing), or the like. For example, the processing surface 21a is composed of various materials such as asphalt pitch, urethane, suede, diamond pellets (grinding stone) and the like depending on the type of lens processing process.

  Next, the lens holder 20 that holds the lens 22 to be processed by the processed surface 21a of the processed member 21 is formed (lens holder forming step). As shown in FIG. 1C, the lens holder 20 may hold a single lens 22 by the housing recess 20a. However, the lens holder 20 has a structure having a plurality of housing recesses 20a. 22 may be held. The housing recess 20a of the lens holder 20 exposes the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 on the processing surface 21a when the lens 22 is stored and disposed on the processing surface 21a, and a portion other than the processing surface 22a. Is configured not to interfere with the processed surface 21a. Moreover, it is preferable that the recess inner surface 20 b of the housing recess 20 a is configured to have a surface shape substantially along the rear surface 22 b of the lens 22. This is because when the back surface 22b of the lens 22 comes into contact with the inner surface 20b of the concave portion via the lens protection sheet 20c, an almost uniform pressure is applied to the entire surface of the back surface 20b of the lens 22, so that the lens 22 at the time of processing. This is to prevent deformation. However, since the lens protective sheet 20c is interposed between the rear surface 22b of the lens 22 and the inner surface 20b of the concave portion, even if the inner surface 20b of the concave portion does not have a curved surface corresponding to the rear surface 22b of the lens 22, as a result The lens protection sheet 20c on the inner surface 20b only needs to be configured to apply a substantially uniform pressure to the rear surface 22b of the lens 22.

  The lens holder 20 is provided with a pin engaging portion 20d constituting a connection point P between the lens holder 20 and the pressure pin 18a. When the lens holder 20 holding the lens 22 is disposed on the processing member 21, that is, when the surface 22a to be processed is disposed on the processing surface 21a, the pin engaging portion 20d has a lens housing portion 20A. The connecting point P between the pin engaging portion 20d on the opposite side to the pressure pin 18a is on the opposite side across the spherical core O with respect to the processing position where the processing surface 21a and the processing surface 22a are in sliding contact. In addition, the distance L between the connection point P and the spherical core O is formed to be equal to or greater than the distance R between the spherical core O and the processing position.

  The shape of the lens holder 20 can basically have a disk-shaped lens housing portion 20A and a columnar extension portion 20B as described above. Here, for example, the lens housing portion 20A has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the lens 22 in the case of a single lens, and has an outer diameter larger than the range in which all the lenses are arranged in the case of a plurality of lenses. I need. On the other hand, the extension portion 20B only needs to be provided with the pin engaging portion 20d as described above, and therefore, the distance L between the connecting point P of the pin engaging portion 20d and the spherical core O may be equal to or greater than the distance R. However, the shape of the lens holder 20 is not limited to the above shape as long as the above constraints can be satisfied. For example, the extension portion 20B may be extended in the axial direction with the same diameter as the lens housing portion 20A. However, in this case, the swingable angle range may be limited due to the interference between the extension 20B and the processed member 21. In general, when the diameter of the extension portion 20B is increased, the angle range that can be swung is easily limited as described above. However, since the rigidity of the lens holder 20 is easily increased, deformation during processing can be suppressed. Conversely, if the diameter of the extension portion 20B is reduced, the range of angles that can be swung can be increased, but the rigidity of the lens holder 20 is insufficient and the lens holder 20 is easily deformed during processing. Further, the extension portion 20B may be tapered so that the lens housing portion 20A side has a large diameter and the pin engagement portion 20d side has a small diameter. This structure is one method for solving the trade-off between the above-described swingable angle range and the rigidity of the lens holder 20.

  The processed member forming step and the lens holder forming step may be performed in parallel, or may be performed in the order described above, but the order opposite to the order described above. You may carry out with. In addition, when a plurality of lenses having the same dimensions are repeatedly processed or processed in parallel, the processing member forming step and the lens holder forming step are performed only for the first time or collectively. May be.

  Next, as described above, the processing member 21 is attached to the mounting base 45 of the lower shaft 19 of the lens processing apparatus 10, the lens holder 20 that holds the lens 22 is disposed on the processing member 21, and the lens The pressure pin 18a is connected to the holder 20 (processing preparation step). First, when the processing member 21 is attached to the mounting base 45, the processing member 21 is formed as described above, so that the spherical core O of the processing surface 21a coincides with the intersection of the axes 11x and 19x of the lens processing apparatus 10. . However, if there is a certain degree of freedom in the mounting position between the processing member 21 and the mounting base 45, the processing member 21 may be formed to have a dimension corresponding to the degree of freedom when forming the processing member 21, but in this case Performs the adjustment operation of the mounting position of the processing member 21 in this processing preparation step.

  For example, in the illustrated example, an upper mounting member 45A that is fixed to the processing member 21 in the mounting base 45 and a lower mounting member 45B that is fixed to the lower shaft 19 are provided, and the upper mounting member 45A and the lower mounting member are provided. 45B is fixed by a fastener 45a such as a bolt. A certain amount of attachment margin along the horizontal plane is provided between the upper attachment member 45A and the lower attachment member 45B. Further, the processing member 21 is provided with a mounting shaft portion 21B extending downward from the main body having the processing surface 21a. The mounting shaft portion 21B is inserted into a mounting hole provided in the upper mounting member 45A. And is fixed by a set screw 45b. First, in order to arrange the spherical core O of the processed surface 21a of the mounting member 21 on the axis 19x, while moving the upper mounting member 45A on which the processed member 21 is temporarily mounted with respect to the lower mounting member 45B in the horizontal direction, The lower shaft 19 is rotated and adjusted so that the machining surface 21a does not shake. When this adjustment is completed, the upper attachment member 45A is fixed to the lower attachment member 45B by the fastener 45a. Further, in order to arrange the spherical core O on the axis 11x, the set screw 45b is loosened, and the mounting shaft portion 21B of the processed member 21 is moved up and down within the mounting hole of the upper mounting member 45 so that the spherical core O is positioned on the axis. Adjust to match 11x.

  In this processing preparation step, the lens 22 and the lens holder 20 are arranged on the processing surface 21 a of the processing member 21. In the accommodation recess 20a of the lens holder 20, the lens protection sheet 20c is disposed on the recess inner surface 20b, and the lens 22 is accommodated so that the processing surface 22a of the lens 22 is exposed on the outer surface of the lens accommodation portion 20A. To do. At this time, it is preferable that the lens 22 and the lens protection sheet 20c are fitted in the housing recess 20a without being fixed. Further, it is preferable that the outer periphery of the lens 22 is fitted to the inner peripheral edge of the housing recess 20 a and is held so that the lens 22 does not translate relative to the lens holder 20. If the outer shape of the lens 22 is circular, the lens 22 does not translate in the accommodating recess 20a, but is held rotatably around the axis 20x. In the present invention, the lens 22 may be fixed to the lens holder 20 for processing. At this time, the angleable and rotatable connection structure between the lens holder 20 and the pressure pin 18 a absorbs the stress fluctuation received by the lens 22.

  When the lens holder 20 is disposed on the processing member 21 so that the processing surface 22a comes into contact with the processing surface 21a, the pin engaging portion 20d of the lens holder 20 faces upward. The pressure pin 18a attached to the lower end of the upper shaft 14 is connected to the pin engaging portion 20d. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, when the upper shaft 14 is in a vertical posture, the surface to be processed 22a is arranged on the center portion centering on the axis 19x of the processing surface 21a, The lens holder 20 is arranged so that the pin engaging portion 20d faces vertically upward, and the pressure pin 18a is slowly connected while being lowered from the vertically upward toward the pin engaging portion 20d. At this time, in the lens processing apparatus 10, the air path of the pressure cylinder 17 is opened, and the pressure rod 17 a is moved up and down so that the handle 18 b attached to the pin holder 18 is gripped and The shaft 14 can be moved up and down. Alternatively, the upper shaft 14 can be moved up and down by moving the pressure rod 17a up and down by the control unit. When the pressure pin 18a is connected to the lens holder 20 by any method, the pressure cylinder 17 is set to a predetermined pressure state, that is, a predetermined pressure Fs is applied to the lens holder 20. The applied pressure Fs is usually set in the range of 0.05 to 0.4 MPa. The pressurizing cylinder 17 is configured to be able to apply a predetermined pressurizing force Fs after canceling the weights of the upper shaft 14, the bracket 15, and the pin holder 18. The pressure Fs is appropriately changed and set according to the type of lens processing step, for example, the difference between roughing and finish polishing.

Finally, the swing drive mechanism 30 swings the upper shaft 14 according to the central angle position φ ₀ and the swing angle range φ _W set around the axis 11x, and the rotary drive mechanism 40 lowers the lower shaft. 19 is rotated around the axis 19x at a predetermined rotational speed (machining step). This step may be stopped at a predetermined set time, or may be stopped when a predetermined processing amount (amount of grinding or polishing) is reached. In this step, the processing is carried out while spraying a polishing liquid containing an abrasive such as cerium oxide as necessary.

  In the processing step of the present embodiment, in the processing step, the pressure pin 18a always applies a constant pressure Fs toward the spherical core O as the upper shaft 14 swings. The substantially pressurized state exerted between the processed surface 22a and the processed surface 21a of the processed member 21 can be stabilized. In addition, since the pressure pin 18a and the lens holder 20 are connected to each other at any connection point P so that they can be freely angled and rotated around the axis 14x, the frictional force of the sliding surface at the machining position varies. Even if a stress variation occurs on the lens 22 such as, the stress variation can be absorbed at the connection point P, so that a smooth processing state can be maintained. In particular, the distance L from the connecting point P to the spherical core O is not less than the distance R from the machining position to the spherical core O. This means that the distance L + R between the processing position of the processing surface 22a on the processing surface 21a and the connection point P is twice or more the distance R. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the couple generated in the lens holder 20 and to prevent the posture change of the lens holder 20 from being hindered by the moment of the couple. Furthermore, since it is possible to suppress an increase in the swing driving force Fp required to counter the frictional force Fq generated at the machining position, the driving load at the connection point P can be reduced, so that the angle and the degree of freedom of rotation described above can be reduced. Since it can be secured, a smoother machining state can be realized.

  Here, the distance L is more preferably not less than the distance R and not more than 2R. This means that the distance L + R between the processing position on the processing surface 21a of the processing surface 22a and the connection point P is not more than three times the distance R. This prevents an increase in size and cost of the lens polishing apparatus 10, ensures stability during the processing operation between the pressure pin 18 a, the lens holder 20, and the processing member 21, and further the lens holder 20. It becomes possible to suppress the influence on processing due to the uneven weight burden.

  (Second Embodiment) FIG. 5 shows a state of processing a lens 22 having a large thickness d instead of the lens of the above embodiment. In the illustrated example, the thickness d of the lens 22 is larger than its outer diameter, exceeds twice the distance R, and exhibits an extreme lens shape configured as a rod as a whole. However, even in such a case, in the present embodiment, the distance L can be limited to about twice the distance R or less. Here, the lens holder 20 has a pin engaging portion 20d at a position close to the base end portion 22d of the lens 22, thereby reducing the distance between the base end portion 22d of the lens 22 and the connection point P. Yes. The lens 22 as shown in the example can be applied to a gradient index rod lens for condensing laser light.

  In the case of this embodiment, since the lens holder 20 and the lens 22 are rotated around the spherical core O by the moment of the couple generated by the difference between the swing driving force Fp and the frictional force Fq, the moment of the couple is necessary. In addition to the minimum value, the direction of the posture change of the lens holder 20 and the lens 22 caused by the moment is consistent with the machining operation, so that the machining operation is not hindered. Therefore, even if the distance L is increased, unlike the second comparative example, a moment of the couple in a direction that hinders the machining operation is not generated, and instability at the time of machining caused by the moment may be caused. Absent. Here, the lens holder 20 of the second embodiment may include a concave inner surface 20b and a lens protection sheet 20c similar to those of the previous embodiment, and the lens 22 may be slidably held. May be fixed via the lens protection sheet 20c or without interposition.

  The lens manufacturing method of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the connection point P is formed at the convex hemispherical engagement portion formed at the tapered tip portion of the pressure pin 18a and at the back of the tapered recess portion of the pin engagement portion 20d. Although it is configured by a fitting structure with a concave hemispherical engaging portion, the present invention only needs to be a connecting structure that can transmit the pressurizing force Fs and can be freely rotated and rotated. Various joint structures can be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Lens processing apparatus, 11 ... Turning axis, 11x ... Axis, 12 ... Swing arm, 13 ... Upper shaft guide, 14 ... Upper shaft, 14x ... Axis, 15, 16 ... Bracket, 17 ... Pressure cylinder, 17a DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Pressure rod, 18 ... Pin holder, 18a ... Pressure pin (kanzashi), 19 ... Lower shaft, 19x ... Axis, 30 ... Swing drive mechanism, 40 ... Rotation drive mechanism, 45 ... Mounting base, 50 ... Measurement of machining amount Part, 20, 120 ... lens holder, 20A ... lens accommodation part, 20B ... extension part, 20a, 120a ... accommodation recess, 20b, 120b ... recess inner surface, 20c, 120c ... lens protection sheet, 20d, 120d ... pin engagement part 21, 121, processed member, 21 a, 121 a, processed surface, 22, 122, lens, 22 a, 122 a, processed surface, 22 b, 122 b, rear surface

Claims (10)

A lens manufacturing method including a lens processing step of processing a processing surface (22a) of a lens (22) by grinding or polishing,
The lens processing step includes a processing member (21) having a processing surface (21a) made of a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (22a), and the processing surface (21a). A lens holder (20) for holding the lens (22) in contact with the processing surface (22a), and a pressure shaft connected to the lens holder (20) so as to be angularly and freely rotatable from above. And a member (18a).
In the lens processing step, the connection point (P) between the lens holder (20) and the pressure shaft member (18a) is the processing surface (21a) of the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22). The distance (L) to the spherical core (O) is the distance between the spherical core (O) and the machining position on the opposite side of the spherical core (O) with respect to the upper machining position. (R) It is arranged at a position farther than
In a state where the lens holder (20) is pressurized via the pressure shaft member (18a), the pressure shaft member (18a) is arranged around the swing axis (11x) passing through the spherical core (O). The processing member (21) is rotated around the rotation axis (19x) intersecting the oscillation axis (11x) with the spherical core (O) while swinging the workpiece. Lens manufacturing method.   The distance (L) of the connection point (P) to the spherical core (O) is 2 of the distance (R) to the spherical core (O) at the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the lens (22). The method for producing a lens according to claim 1, wherein the lens is less than double. The swing range of the pressure application shaft member (18a) is around a predetermined central angular position phi ₀ inclined to one side with respect to the axis (19x) of said workpiece (21), said workpiece (21) method for producing a lens according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is set to asymmetric pivot angle range phi _W relative to the axis (19x) of.   The tip of the pressure shaft member (18a) on the lens holder (20) side has an outer surface shape configured at least in a convex spherical shape, and the lens holder (20) includes the pressure shaft member ( 18a) having a concave fitting portion (20d) having an inner surface shape formed in a concave spherical shape for forming a universal joint that is freely rotatable and rotatable with respect to the distal end portion. The method for manufacturing a lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein   The lens holder (20) includes a lens housing portion (20A) having a housing recess (20a) for housing the lens (22), and an inner surface of the housing recess (20a), the inner surface of the lens (22). A concave inner surface (20b) having a shape along the back surface (22b) opposite to the processed surface (22a), and between the concave inner surface (20b) and the rear surface (22b) of the lens (22). A lens protection sheet provided with a front surface that is interposed and has a relatively high coefficient of friction with respect to the back surface of the lens (22), and a back surface that has a relatively low coefficient of friction with respect to the inner surface of the recess (20b). (20c), The manufacturing method of the lens as described in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   The lens protection sheet (20c) is characterized in that the front surface is a surface having felt-like raised hairs, and the back surface is a mesh-like surface in which a mesh structure including fibers in at least two directions intersecting each other is exposed. The method for producing a lens according to claim 5. A processed surface (22a) of the lens (22) between an upper shaft (14) swingable around the swing axis (11x) and a lower shaft (19) rotatable around the rotation axis (19x). And a lens manufacturing process for processing by grinding or polishing,
The upper shaft (14) is provided with a pressure shaft member (18a) configured to be connectable to the lens holder (20) holding the lens (22) so that the lens holder (20) can be angularly and freely rotated from above. On the lower shaft (19), there is a processing member (21) provided with a processing surface (21a) comprising a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22). Configured to be attachable,
The lens processing step
When the processed member (21) is attached to the lower shaft (19), the spherical core O of the processed surface (21a) is disposed at the intersection of the swing axis (11x) and the rotational axis (19x). Forming the step, and
When the lens holder (20) is accommodated and disposed such that the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22) is in contact with the processing surface (21a), the pressure shaft member (18a) and the lens Forming a distance L of the connection point (P) with the holder (20) with respect to the spherical core (O) to be not less than a distance (R) between the processed surface (21a) and the spherical core (O); ,
Next, the processing member (21) is attached to the lower shaft (19), and the lens holder (20) holding the lens (22) is disposed on the processing surface (21a), and the lens holder (20 ) With the pressure shaft member (18a);
Thereafter, the lens (22) is rotated by rotating the lower shaft (19) around the rotation axis (19x) while swinging the upper shaft (14) around the swing axis (11x). Performing the processing of the processing surface (22a) of:
A method for producing a lens, comprising:   The distance (L) of the connection point (P) to the spherical core (O) is 2 of the distance (R) to the spherical core (O) at the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the lens (22). The method of manufacturing a lens according to claim 7, wherein the lens is less than double. A lens processing device (10) used in a lens processing step for processing a processing surface (22a) of a lens (22) by grinding or polishing,
A processing member (21) provided with a processing surface (21a) comprising a concave spherical grinding surface or polishing surface corresponding to the processing surface (22a);
A lens holder (20) for holding the lens (20) with the processed surface (22a) in contact with the processed surface (21a);
A pressure shaft member (18a) connected to the lens holder (20) from above at an angle and in a rotatable manner;
Pressurizing means (17) for applying pressure (Fs) to the lens holder (20) via the pressurizing shaft member (18a);
A swing drive mechanism (30) for swinging the pressure shaft member (18a) around a swing axis (11x) passing through the spherical core (O) of the processing surface (21a);
A rotational drive mechanism (40) for rotating the processing member (21) around a rotational axis (19x) intersecting the spherical axis (O) and the swing axis (11x);
The connection point (P) between the lens holder (20) and the pressure shaft member (18a) is relative to the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the processing surface (22a) of the lens (22). The distance (L) to the opposite side of the spherical core (O) is greater than the distance (R) between the spherical core (O) and the processing position. A lens processing device, wherein the lens processing device is disposed at a different position.   The distance (L) of the connection point (P) to the spherical core (O) is 2 of the distance (R) to the spherical core (O) at the processing position on the processing surface (21a) of the lens (22). The lens processing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the lens processing apparatus is not more than double.

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