JP6006782B2 - 多孔質材料及びハニカム構造体 - Google Patents
多孔質材料及びハニカム構造体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の多孔質材料は、主骨材と副骨材とを骨材として含有し、骨材同士が、結合相を介して、細孔を形成するように結合されているものである。そして、主骨材は炭化珪素粒子であり、副骨材はムライト粒子及びアルミナ粒子の少なくとも一方である。そして、結合相が、非晶質相及びコージェライト相の少なくとも一方を含有するものである。更に、本発明の多孔質材料は、気孔率が40〜90%である。図1は、本発明の多孔質材料の一の実施形態の断面を拡大して示す模式図である。図1に示される本実施形態の多孔質材料1は、骨材2同士が、結合相5を介して、細孔6を形成するように結合され、ムライト粒子4及びアルミナ粒子3が副骨材として含有されている例である。
本発明のハニカム構造体は、上述した本発明の多孔質材料により構成され、「一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びる複数のセル」を区画形成する隔壁、を備えたものである。上記セルは、流体の流路となるものである。また、ハニカム構造体は、最外周に位置する外周壁を有する構造であることが好ましい。隔壁の厚さは、30〜1000μmが好ましく、50〜500μmが更に好ましく、50〜200μmが特に好ましい。セル密度は、10〜200セル/cm2が好ましく、20〜200セル/cm2が更に好ましく、50〜150セル/cm2が特に好ましい。
本発明の多孔質材料の製造方法について、以下に説明する。以下に説明する多孔質材料の製造方法は、多孔質材料によって構成されるハニカム構造体を、製造する方法でもある。
炭化珪素(SiC)粉末、アルミナ粉末及び結合材粉末を、100:17:19(質量比)の比率で混合した。得られた混合物に、バインダ及び造孔材を添加すると共に、水を添加して成形原料とした。バインダとしては、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを用いた。造孔材としては、デンプン、吸水性樹脂を用いた。結合材粉末としては、タルク粉末、水酸化アルミニウム粉末及びシリカ粉末の混合物を用いた。結合材粉末は、結合相となる粉末である。尚、焼成により、アルミナ粉末と結合材粉末中のシリカ成分が反応して、副骨材であるムライトが生成される。
炭化珪素粒子の質量比率は、X線回折分析により行った。具体的には、X線回折装置を用いて多孔質材料のX線回折パターンを得る。X線回折装置としては、回転対陰極型X線回折装置(理学電機社製、RINT)を用いる。X線回折測定の条件は、CuKα線源、50kV、300mA、2θ=10〜60°とする。また、得られたX線回折データの解析方法としては、「RIR(Reference Intensity Ratio)法を用いて、X線回折データを解析して各成分を定量する」簡易定量分析を用いる。また、X線回折データの解析は、MDI社製「X線データ解析ソフトJADE7」を用いて行う。
ムライト粒子の質量比率は、上記「炭化珪素粒子の質量比率」と同様の方法で求める。
アルミナ粒子の質量比率は、上記「炭化珪素粒子の質量比率」と同様の方法で求める。
結合相が、コージェライト相である場合、結合相の質量比率は、上記「炭化珪素粒子の質量比率」と同様の方法で求める。結合相が、非晶質相の場合、非晶質の量が既知であるサンプルと、当該サンプルの2θ=25°付近のX線回折強度の比率から、結合相の質量比率を求める。
非晶質相の構成元素の同定は、粉末XRD(X線回折)による構成相(構成成分)の同定・定量分析とともに、EPMA(電子線マイクロアナライザ)による定性分析及び元素マッピングの結果に基づいて行う。粉末XRDとしては、理学電機社製、商品名:RINTを使用した。X線回折測定の条件は、CuKα線源、50kV、300mA、2θ=10〜60°とした。EPMAとしては、日本電子社製、商品名:JXA8800を使用した。EPMAの条件は、加速電圧15kV、ビーム径50nm、照射電流100nAとし、3000倍の倍率で観察した視野を分析した。
気孔率は、水銀圧入法(JIS R 1655準拠)による全細孔容積[cm3/g]とアルキメデス法による見掛密度[g/cm3]から算出する。気孔率の算出に際しては、「開気孔率(%)=100×全細孔容積/{(1/見掛密度)+全細孔容積}」の式を用いる。
水中アルキメデス法(JIS R 1626準拠)により測定する。
水銀圧入法(JIS R 1655準拠)により測定する。
水銀圧入法(JIS R 1655準拠)により測定する。
ハニカム構造体をセルが貫通する方向を長手方向とした試験片(縦5セル×横10セル×長さ40mm)に加工し、JIS R1601に準拠した曲げ試験によりハニカム構造体の曲げ強度を算出する。
上記「曲げ強度」の測定方法により「応力−歪曲線」を作成し、当該「応力−歪曲線」の傾きを算出する。得られた「応力−歪曲線の傾き」をヤング率とする。
JIS R1618に準拠して、測定する。具体的には、ハニカム構造体から縦3セル×横3セル×長さ20mmの試験片を切り出し、40〜800℃のA軸方向(ハニカム構造体の流路に対して平行方向)の平均線熱膨張係数(熱膨張係数)を測定する。
各条件を表1に示す条件とした以外は実施例1と同様にして多孔質材料(ハニカム構造体)を作製した。実施例1の場合と同様にして、各評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
焼成条件を以下のようにし、その他の条件を表1に示す条件とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして多孔質材料(ハニカム構造体)を作製した。実施例1の場合と同様にして、各評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
得られたハニカム乾燥体を、大気雰囲気にて550℃で3時間かけて脱脂し、その後、Ar不活性雰囲気にて、約1480℃で2時間焼成し、ハニカム構造の多孔質材料(ハニカム構造体)を得た。
成形原料を以下のようにして作製し、焼成条件を以下のようにし、その他の条件を表1に示す条件とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして多孔質材料(ハニカム構造体)を作製した。実施例1の場合と同様にして、各評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
炭化珪素(SiC)粉末、及び結合材粉末を、100:20(質量比)の比率で混合した。得られた混合物に、バインダ及び造孔材を添加すると共に、水を添加して成形原料とした。バインダとしては、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースを用いた。造孔材としては、デンプン、吸水性樹脂を用いた。結合材粉末としては、タルク粉末、水酸化アルミニウム粉末及びシリカ粉末の混合物を用いた。結合材粉末は、結合相となる粉末である。
得られたハニカム乾燥体を、大気雰囲気にて550℃で3時間かけて脱脂し、その後、Ar不活性雰囲気にて、約1450℃で2時間焼成し、ハニカム構造の多孔質材料(ハニカム構造体)を得た。
Claims (9)
- 主骨材と副骨材とを骨材として含有し、
前記主骨材が炭化珪素粒子であり、前記副骨材がムライト粒子及びアルミナ粒子の少なくとも一方であり、
前記骨材同士が、結合相を介して、細孔を形成するように結合されており、
前記結合相が非晶質相及びコージェライト相の少なくとも一方を含有し、
気孔率が40〜90%である多孔質材料。 - 前記主骨材、前記副骨材及び前記結合相の合計質量に対して、前記副骨材を8.0〜35.0質量%含有する請求項1に記載の多孔質材料。
- 前記主骨材、前記副骨材及び前記結合相の合計質量に対して、前記結合相を、2.0〜15.0質量%含有する請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質材料。
- 前記非晶質相が、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、珪素及び酸素を含有するものである請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料。
- 平均細孔径が10〜40μmである請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料。
- 細孔径10μm未満の細孔が細孔全体の20%以下であり、細孔径40μmを超える細孔が細孔全体の10%以下である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料。
- 前記主骨材である炭化珪素粒子の平均粒子径が5〜100μmであり、前記副骨材の平均粒子径が5〜100μmである請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料。
- 曲げ強度が6.5MPa以上であり、曲げ強度/ヤング率比が1.4×10−3以上である請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の多孔質材料により構成され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで延びる複数のセルを、区画形成する隔壁を備えたハニカム構造体。
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