JP5900617B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化システム - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5900617B2 JP5900617B2 JP2014521146A JP2014521146A JP5900617B2 JP 5900617 B2 JP5900617 B2 JP 5900617B2 JP 2014521146 A JP2014521146 A JP 2014521146A JP 2014521146 A JP2014521146 A JP 2014521146A JP 5900617 B2 JP5900617 B2 JP 5900617B2
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 228
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 215
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 300
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 150
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1616—NH3-slip from catalyst
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1812—Flow rate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、還元剤が供給されることで排気中のNOxを選択的に還元する選択還元型NOx触媒と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒に還元剤を供給する供給装置と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記選択還元型NOx触媒でのNOxの還元に消費される単位時間当たりの還元剤量である還元消費量に所定量を加算した量に制御する制御部と、を備える。
[吸排気系の概略構成]
以下、本発明の実施例1に係る内燃機関の排気浄化システムについて図1〜4を参照して説明する。図1は、本実施例に係る内燃機関の吸排気系の概略構成を示す図である。図1に示す内燃機関1は、車両駆動用のディーゼルエンジンである。ただし、本発明に係る内燃機関は、ディーゼルエンジンンに限られるものではなく、ガソリンエンジン等であってもよい。
上述したように、SCR触媒9には、供給されたアンモニアが吸着する。そして、SCR触媒9に吸着したアンモニアが排気中のNOxの還元に消費される。また、SCR触媒9に吸着したアンモニアのうちの余剰分がSCR触媒9に残る。
次に、本実施例に係る添加弁からの単位時間当たりのアンモニアの添加量(以下、アンモニア添加量と称する場合もある)の制御について説明する。
以下、本発明の実施例2に係る内燃機関の排気浄化システムについて図5,6を参照して説明する。尚、以下においては、実施例1と同様の点についての説明は省略する。
本実施例に係る内燃機関の吸排気系の概略構成は実施例1と同様である。また、本実施例においても、実施例1と同様、還元消費量のみならず脱着量をも考慮してアンモニア添加量を制御する。つまり、アンモニア添加量を、還元消費量に吸着量操作量を加算した量に制御する。
以下、本発明の実施例3に係る内燃機関の排気浄化システムについて図7,8を参照して説明する。尚、以下においては、実施例1と同様の点についての説明は省略する。
本実施例に係る内燃機関の吸排気系の概略構成は実施例1と同様である。また、本実施例においても、実施例1と同様、還元消費量のみならず脱着量をも考慮してアンモニア添加量を制御する。つまり、アンモニア添加量を還元消費量に吸着量操作量を加算した量に制御する。
2・・・吸気通路
3・・・排気通路
7・・・酸化触媒
8・・・フィルタ
9・・・選択還元型NOx触媒(SCR触媒)
10・・アンモニアスリップ触媒
11・・添加弁
12・・第一NOxセンサ
13・・排気温度センサ
14・・第二NOxセンサ
Claims (4)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、還元剤が供給されることで排気中のNOxを選択的に還元する選択還元型NOx触媒と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒に還元剤を供給する供給装置と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記選択還元型NOx触媒でのNOxの還元に消費される単位時間当たりの還元剤量である還元消費量に所定量を加算した量に制御する制御部と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒に吸着された還元剤のうち、NOxの還元に消費されずに該選択還元型NOx触媒から脱着する単位時間当たりの還元剤量である脱着量を算出する脱着量算出部と、を備え、
前記制御部が、前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記所定量を前記脱着量算出部によって算出された前記脱着量と同量に設定する内燃機関の排気浄化システム。 - 前記制御部が、前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量が目標吸着量よりも少ない場合は、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記還元消費量に前記脱着量よりも多い量を加算した量に制御し、前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量が目標吸着量よりも多い場合は、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記還元消費量に前記脱着量よりも少ない量を加算した量に制御する請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化システム。
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、還元剤が供給されることで排気中のNOxを選択的に還元する選択還元型NOx触媒と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒に還元剤を供給する供給装置と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記選択還元型NOx触媒でのNOxの還元に消費される単位時間当たりの還元剤量である還元消費量に所定量を加算した量に制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部が、前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記選択還元型NOx触媒の温度が高いほど前記所定量をより多い量に設定
する内燃機関の排気浄化システム。 - 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられ、還元剤が供給されることで排気中のNOxを選択的に還元する選択還元型NOx触媒と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒に還元剤を供給する供給装置と、
前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量を、前記選択還元型NOx触媒でのNOxの還元に消費される単位時間当たりの還元剤量である還元消費量に所定量を加算した量に制御する制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部が、前記選択還元型NOx触媒における還元剤の吸着量を目標吸着量に維持する場合に、前記選択還元型NOx触媒に流入する単位時間当たりのNOx量である流入NOx量が多いほど、該流入NOx量に対する前記供給装置からの単位時間当たりの還元剤の供給量の割合が小さくなるように前記所定量を設定する内燃機関の排気浄化システム。
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PCT/JP2012/065741 WO2013190658A1 (ja) | 2012-06-20 | 2012-06-20 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
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US (1) | US9593610B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2868884B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5900617B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104395571B (ja) |
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US11300064B2 (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2022-04-12 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and systems for an aftertreatment system |
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JP3951774B2 (ja) | 2002-03-29 | 2007-08-01 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | 内燃機関のNОx浄化装置 |
US6981368B2 (en) | 2002-11-21 | 2006-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Exhaust gas aftertreatment systems |
JP4215808B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-11 | 2009-01-28 | ボッシュ株式会社 | 排気浄化装置の制御装置及び制御方法並びに内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP2009264181A (ja) * | 2008-04-23 | 2009-11-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP5127052B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2013-01-23 | 日野自動車株式会社 | 排気処理装置の制御装置 |
JP2010053703A (ja) | 2008-08-26 | 2010-03-11 | Mitsubishi Fuso Truck & Bus Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
JP4729631B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2011-07-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
WO2011118095A1 (ja) | 2010-03-25 | 2011-09-29 | Udトラックス株式会社 | エンジンの排気浄化装置及びエンジンの排気浄化方法 |
JP5119289B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-06 | 2013-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
EP2570626B1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2015-05-13 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification apparatus of an internal combustion engine |
JP5560089B2 (ja) | 2010-05-14 | 2014-07-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP2012087628A (ja) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-05-10 | Mitsubishi Fuso Truck & Bus Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
-
2012
- 2012-06-20 JP JP2014521146A patent/JP5900617B2/ja active Active
- 2012-06-20 WO PCT/JP2012/065741 patent/WO2013190658A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-06-20 US US14/409,743 patent/US9593610B2/en active Active
- 2012-06-20 CN CN201280074141.7A patent/CN104395571B/zh active Active
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JPWO2013190658A1 (ja) | 2016-02-08 |
EP2868884B1 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
US9593610B2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
US20150192047A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
EP2868884A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
WO2013190658A1 (ja) | 2013-12-27 |
EP2868884A4 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
CN104395571B (zh) | 2017-06-23 |
CN104395571A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
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