JP5838582B2 - Drive device for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a drive equipment of a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and the motor-generator as a driving source.

  A hybrid vehicle (HV-AMT) equipped with an automated transmission as exemplified in Patent Document 1 needs to disconnect between the engine and the transmission when shifting up, and until the two are connected again. The motor generator assists the driving force (MG assist) so that the acceleration does not drop.

  The HV-AMT uses the motor generator described above to regenerate the kinetic energy of the vehicle as electric energy when the vehicle is decelerated. At that time, in order to collect more kinetic energy, the engine and the transmission are disconnected.

JP 2004-190497 A

  During the above-described shift-up, the engine rotates by inertia during a period from when the engine and the transmission are disconnected and reconnected, and during this period, the rotational energy of the engine is discarded as mechanical loss.

  While the engine is decelerated between the engine and the transmission while the vehicle is decelerating as described above, the engine rotates by inertia, and until the engine stops rotating, the rotational energy of the engine is a mechanical loss. It is thrown away.

The present invention can be recovered rotational energy of the internal combustion engine effectively, and an object thereof is to provide a driving equipment of the hybrid vehicle.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine, a drive source other than the internal combustion engine, and a transmission that is connected to the internal combustion engine so that power transmission can be freely connected and disconnected, the vehicle is driven by being supplied with power. A first motor generator that generates a driving force for generating electric power and is capable of generating electric power by being driven from the vehicle, a second motor generator that is driven by the internal combustion engine and capable of generating electric power, and the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator A clutch that is connected in between and capable of connecting / disconnecting power transmission between the first motor generator and the first motor generator to supply power to the first motor generator and to be charged from the first motor generator. 1 battery and the second motor generator are connected to the second motor generator and are rechargeable from the second motor generator. A second battery having a lower voltage than the first battery, and the first battery generates electric energy that is generated by the second motor generator and stored in the second battery. A first boost converter that boosts the voltage to allow storage, and when the transmission is upshifted or decelerated, the internal combustion engine is disconnected from the transmission, and the second motor generator is configured to perform the clutch connection / disconnection control. In response to the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine, the power is further generated by inertial rotation. The generated electric energy is a power generation mode in which the second battery is charged, and the electric energy charged in the second battery. having a charging mode for charging the first battery and boosted by the first boost converter, hybrid To provide a driving apparatus for de vehicle.

  According to the present invention, in the hybrid vehicle that obtains driving force from the internal combustion engine and the first motor generator, the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is brought into a connected state, whereby the second motor The rotational energy of the internal combustion engine can be directly recovered through the generator to generate or charge, and the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is disengaged. As a result, the load on the second motor generator can be reduced to suppress a rapid decrease in the rotational speed of the second motor generator that is generating power, and the load on the internal combustion engine can be reduced.

The present invention can efficiently recover rotational energy output from an internal combustion engine, for example, in the following cases (a) to (c):
(A) When shifting between the internal combustion engine and the transmission during shifting, particularly during shifting up (note that the number of times of shifting up is approximately 10 in the 10.15 mode);
(B) When the internal combustion engine and the transmission are disconnected during deceleration (note that the number of decelerations is about 6 in the 10.15 mode);
(C) When the vehicle is idling without turning off the internal combustion engine in preparation for re-acceleration at the time of deceleration (for example, EC mode, during high-speed traveling, etc.).

  As described above, according to the present invention, for example, at the time of shifting up or decelerating, the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine that has been conventionally discarded as a mechanical loss can be efficiently recovered, which greatly improves the fuel efficiency of the hybrid vehicle. To contribute.

It is explanatory drawing of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a clutch control device that can connect and disconnect the internal combustion engine and a second motor generator shown in FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on Example 5 of this invention. (A) and (B) are graphs for explaining the operation of the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the comparative example during acceleration, and (C) and (D) are related to an embodiment of the present invention during acceleration. It is a graph for demonstrating operation | movement of the drive device of a hybrid vehicle. (A)-(D) are the graphs for demonstrating operation | movement of the drive device of the hybrid vehicle which concerns on one Example of this invention at the time of deceleration.

  A driving apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a first battery that is connected to the first motor generator, supplies power to the first motor generator, and is rechargeable from the first motor generator; A second battery connected to the second motor generator and freely chargeable from the second motor generator, and connected between the first and second batteries, a second battery having a lower voltage than the first battery. And a first step-up converter that enables electric energy stored in the second battery to be stored in the first battery. The rotational energy recovered from the internal combustion engine through the second motor generator by the boosting by the first boost converter can be used as driving energy for the vehicle through the first battery and the first motor generator.

  A drive device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a control device that receives a signal indicating the state or intention of operation of the vehicle and controls connection / disconnection of the clutch based on the signal. This control device can control power transmission between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator through clutch engagement / disengagement control at an optimal timing based on an intention to operate such as upshifting and deceleration and the state of the vehicle. This contributes to efficient recovery of the rotational energy of the internal combustion engine.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is brought into a connected state in any one or more of the following cases:
When the internal combustion engine is on and the transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected up and down during acceleration of the vehicle;
Immediately before acceleration of the vehicle, the internal combustion engine is in an ON state, and a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine so as to shift up;
When power transmission between the internal combustion engine and a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is disconnected when the vehicle is decelerated;
When the internal combustion engine is switched from an on state to an off state during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the internal combustion engine is idling.
According to these embodiments, when the internal combustion engine is turned off but is rotating by inertia, or when the driving force transmitted from the internal combustion engine to the vehicle is not required or may be small, the energy of the internal combustion engine is second. The motor generator can be efficiently recovered.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is brought into a disconnected state from a connected state in any one or more of the following cases:
During acceleration of the vehicle, when a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine to be in a neutral state for shifting up;
When the internal combustion engine is turned off to shift up during acceleration of the vehicle;
When rotation of the internal combustion engine stops during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the internal combustion engine is turned off during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the idling internal combustion engine stops.
According to these embodiments, the rapid decrease in the rotational speed of the second motor generator that is generating power is suppressed, the load on the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the energy of the internal combustion engine is efficiently generated using the second motor generator. Can be recovered automatically.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as the second motor generator, a permanent magnet motor that is expected to have a high regenerative efficiency, and more preferably, a surface magnet motor that has a high back electromotive voltage is used. Various motors can be used for the first motor generator. For example, a synchronous motor can be used in combination with an inverter.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the internal combustion engine is started, the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is in a connected state, and the second motor generator is connected to the internal combustion engine. It will be a starter to start.

  The drive device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is connected between the first battery and the first motor generator, and boosts the electric energy stored in the first battery to increase the first energy. A second boost converter for supplying the motor generator; If the first motor generator can be driven by the output voltage of the first battery, the second boost converter is not necessary.

  The drive device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention can be mounted on various hybrid vehicles such as a series type and a parallel type.

  Hereinafter, a hybrid vehicle drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the clutch control device shown in FIG. 1 that can connect and disconnect the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a hybrid vehicle driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as “engine”) 1 and a first motor generator (hereinafter referred to as “large”) as a driving source other than the engine. 4) called “motor”.

  A main clutch (hereinafter referred to as a “large clutch”) 9 that connects and disconnects power transmission between the engine 1 and the transmission 8 that is operated to shift up and down is connected. The rotational force from the engine 1 is transmitted to the wheels 14 via the large clutch 9, the transmission 8, and the differential mechanism 13, and becomes the driving force of the vehicle. A pump 15 is connected to the output shaft of the transmission 8.

  On the other hand, the rotational force of the large motor 4 is transmitted to the wheels 14 via the differential mechanism 13 and becomes the driving force of the vehicle.

  Further, this driving device is connected between a second motor generator (hereinafter referred to as “small motor”) 5 driven from the engine 1 and capable of generating electric power, and between the engine 1 and the small motor 5, and transmits power between them. And a freely connectable clutch (hereinafter referred to as “small clutch”) 6. The small clutch 6 may have a smaller power transmission capacity than the large clutch 9, and can be downsized. Various mechanisms such as a belt, a chain, or a gear can be used for power transmission between the internal combustion engine 1 and the input side of the small clutch 6 (left side in FIG. 1).

  The driving device is connected to the large motor 4 to supply power to the large motor 4, and is connected to the first battery 2 (hereinafter referred to as “high voltage battery”) 2 that can be charged from the large motor, and the small motor 5. Thus, power is supplied to the small motor 5, and is connected between the second battery (hereinafter referred to as “low voltage battery”) 3 that can be charged from the small motor 5, and the high voltage battery 2 and the low voltage battery 3. A first boost converter 10 that can store the electric energy in the high-voltage battery 2. A second boost converter 11 and an inverter 12 are connected between the high voltage battery 2 and the large motor 4.

  For the large motor 4, for example, a synchronous machine or an induction machine can be used. For the small motor 5, for example, a DC machine is preferably used.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the small clutch control device shown in FIG. 1 that can connect and disconnect the engine and the second motor generator. Referring to FIG. 2, a signal indicating a vehicle state or an intention to operate is input to the control device 7, and the control device 7 connects and disconnects the small clutch 6 by hydraulic pressure or electromagnetic force based on these signals. Can be controlled. The control device 7 can be configured in an ECU that controls the entire drive device of the hybrid vehicle. For example, the control device 7 can be configured in a microcomputer that executes a predetermined control program.

  In the drive device according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, connection / disconnection control of the small clutch 6 and power generation by the small motor 5 will be described. When the control device 7 puts the small clutch 6 provided between the engine 1 and the small motor 5 into a connected state based on the state of the engine 1, the state of the vehicle or the intention of operation, the driving force of the engine 1 6 is transmitted to the small motor 5 to generate power by the small motor 5, and the low voltage battery 3 is charged. When the small clutch 6 which is in the connected state by the control device 7 is disengaged, the load on the small motor 5 is reduced, so that a rapid decrease in the rotational speed of the small motor 5 is suppressed, and the small motor 5 rotates or generates power. Can be continued for a long time, and the load on the engine 1 is also reduced.

  Further, by connecting the first boost converter 10 between the low voltage battery 3 and the high voltage battery 2, the rotational energy of the engine 1 is recovered through the small motor 5 and charged to the low voltage battery 3 as electric energy. The electric energy output from the low-voltage battery 3 is boosted by the first boost converter 10 to charge the high-voltage battery 2 as electric energy, and this electric energy is used as driving energy for the vehicle via the large motor 4. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the difference between the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present embodiment and the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and both have the same configuration and the like. Reference is made to the description in Example 1 above. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the small motor 5 can be used as a starter (S / A) of the engine 1 in the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. When starting the vehicle, the control device 7 shown in FIG. 2 places the small clutch 6 in the connected state, and the rotational force of the small motor 5 is transmitted to the engine 1 via the small clutch 6 to start the engine 1. it can. After the engine 1 is started, the large clutch 9 is in a connected state, and when the vehicle is driven by the driving force of the engine 1, the control device 7 sets the small clutch 6 in a disconnected state.

  In the present embodiment, the difference between the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present embodiment and the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and both have the same configuration and the like. Reference is made to the description in Example 1 above. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  The hybrid vehicle drive device shown in FIG. 4 is of a series type, and the large motor 4 is disposed in the transmission 8. Specifically, the large motor 4 is connected to the rear end side of the input shaft of the transmission 8. . Such a series-type hybrid vehicle can also achieve the effects of the present invention, like the parallel-type hybrid vehicle shown in the first embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the difference between the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present embodiment and the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and both have the same configuration and the like. Reference is made to the description in Example 1 above. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  The hybrid vehicle driving device shown in FIG. 5 does not have the second boost converter 11 connected between the high voltage battery 2 and the large motor 4 shown in FIG. To be supplied.

  In the present embodiment, the difference between the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the present embodiment and the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the first embodiment will be mainly described, and both have the same configuration and the like. Reference is made to the description in Example 1 above. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a hybrid vehicle drive apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

  The hybrid vehicle drive device shown in FIG. 6 is of a series type, and the large motor 4 is disposed in the transmission 8. More specifically, immediately after the large clutch 9, that is, the output side of the large clutch 9 and the transmission 8. A large motor 4 is connected between the input sides. Such a series-type hybrid vehicle drive device is also the parallel-type hybrid vehicle drive device shown in the first embodiment, or the series-type hybrid motor drive device shown in the third embodiment, in which the large motor 4 is a large clutch. The effect of the present invention can be obtained in the same manner as the drive device for a hybrid vehicle arranged away from 9.

  Next, an example of an energy recovery method from an internal combustion engine that is preferably executed in the hybrid vehicle drive device according to each embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 will be described in detail. To do. 7A and 7B are graphs for explaining the operation of the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the comparative example at the time of acceleration, and FIGS. FIGS. 7A and 7B are graphs for explaining the operation of the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the embodiment, in which FIG. 7A shows the change in the vehicle speed, and FIG. 7B shows the engine output corresponding to the change in the vehicle speed in FIG. FIG. 7C shows the change in the vehicle speed, FIG. 7D shows the change in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine corresponding to the change in the vehicle speed in FIG. 7C, and the operation of the large clutch and the small clutch. Respectively.

  With reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the operation of the driving device according to the comparative example that does not have the small clutch 6 and the small motor 5 of the present embodiment will be described. When the vehicle is accelerated, the large clutch 9 between the engine 1 and the transmission 8 is disengaged (disengaged) and the engine 1 rotates by inertia even when the engine is turned off (fuel supply is stopped). There is a period to continue. During this period, the rotational energy of the engine is not utilized.

  With reference to FIGS. 7C and 7D, the operation of the driving apparatus of this embodiment having the small clutch 6 and the small motor 5 will be described. At the time of acceleration of the vehicle, the small clutch 6 is brought into the connected state just before the large clutch 9 between the engine 1 and the transmission 8 is brought into the disengaged state and the power transmission between the two is cut off in order to shift up. The rotational force of the engine 1 is transmitted to the small motor 5 through the small clutch 6, and the small motor 5 generates power. When the large clutch 9 is disengaged or when the engine 1 that has been on is turned off, the small clutch 6 is disengaged and the load on the small motor 5 is reduced. Continues to rotate due to inertia and continues power generation for a long time.

  Next, another example of the energy recovery method from the internal combustion engine, which is preferably executed in the hybrid vehicle drive device according to each embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. explain. FIGS. 8A and 8B are graphs for explaining the operation of the drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention when stopping from deceleration, and FIGS. ) Is a graph for explaining the operation of the hybrid vehicle drive device according to the embodiment of the present invention when preparing for re-acceleration after deceleration, and FIGS. 8A and 8C show changes in vehicle speed. 8B shows engine output change and large clutch operation corresponding to the vehicle speed change shown in FIG. 8A, and FIG. 8D shows engine speed corresponding to the vehicle speed change shown in FIG. 8C. The change and the operation of the large clutch are shown respectively.

  8A and 8B, when the vehicle decelerates and stops, the large clutch 9 between the engine (E / G) 1 and the transmission 8 is disengaged (disengaged). Or in a period from when the on-state engine 1 is turned off to when the engine 1 is completely stopped (engine output is lost), the small clutch 6 can be connected and the small motor 5 can generate power. it can.

  Referring to FIGS. 8C and 8D, while the engine (E / G) 1 is idling in preparation for re-acceleration after the vehicle decelerates, the small clutch 6 is engaged and The motor 5 can generate electric power.

  Tables 1 and 2 below are graphs for explaining an example of a control pattern of the drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. Table 1 is during acceleration, and Table 2 is during deceleration. Each control pattern is shown. The SOC indicates the current charge amount with respect to the maximum charge capacity.

Table 1: Control pattern during acceleration

  Referring to Table 1, when the engine 1 is on and the vehicle is accelerating, the low-voltage battery 3 and the like are in a chargeable state, and the transmission 8 is about to enter the neutral state by the shift operation, the small clutch 6 is connected. State (connected). Whether the vehicle is accelerating can be determined from any one or more of the wheel speed sensor, the drive shaft rotation speed, the accelerator opening, the throttle opening, and / or the engine output ratio. When a shift shift is entered, that is, when the transmission 8 is in a neutral state, the small clutch 6 is disengaged (released).

Table 2: Control pattern during deceleration

  Referring to Table 2, when engine 1 is on, when the vehicle is decelerated, low voltage battery 3 and the like are in a chargeable state, when transmission 8 is going to be in a neutral state by a shift operation, small clutch 6 is connected. State (connected). Whether the vehicle is decelerating can be determined from one or more of the G sensor, the accelerator opening, the throttle opening, and / or the brake state. When the engine 1 is turned off, the small clutch 6 is disengaged (released).

  When charging the high voltage battery 2 from the low voltage battery 3, the electric energy of the low voltage battery 3 is transferred to the high voltage battery 2 while monitoring the SOC, ΔSOC, and Win / Wout (input / output ratio) of the high voltage battery 2. It is good to let them.

  The hybrid vehicle drive device and the energy recovery method from the internal combustion engine in the hybrid vehicle according to the present invention are preferably used in a hybrid vehicle using both the engine and the motor generator as drive sources.

1 Engine (internal combustion engine), E / G
2 High voltage battery (first battery), H / Batt
3 Low voltage battery (second battery), L / Batt
4 Large motor (first motor generator), L / MG (large MG)
5 Small motor (second motor generator), S / MG (small MG)
6 Small clutch (clutch, S / CL)
7 Control device 8 Transmission, T / M
9 Large clutch (Main clutch, C / L)
10 First boost converter (Conv.)
11 Second boost converter (Conv.)
12 Inverter, MG_INV
13 Differential mechanism, Diff
14 wheels, Tire
15 Pump, P

Claims (6)

In a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine, a drive source other than the internal combustion engine, and a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine so that power transmission can be connected and disconnected,
A first motor generator that generates electric power to drive the vehicle and is driven by the vehicle and can generate electric power;
A second motor generator driven from the internal combustion engine and capable of generating power;
A clutch connected between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator and capable of connecting / disconnecting power transmission between both;
A first battery connected to the first motor generator for supplying power to the first motor generator and being rechargeable from the first motor generator;
A second battery connected to the second motor generator and freely chargeable from the second motor generator and having a lower voltage than the first battery;
The first battery is connected between the first and second batteries and boosts the electric energy generated by the second motor generator and stored in the second battery so as to be stored in the first battery. A boost converter;
When the transmission is upshifted or decelerated, the internal combustion engine is disconnected from the transmission, and the second motor generator receives rotational energy of the internal combustion engine through connection / disconnection control of the clutch, and is further rotated by inertia. A power generation mode in which electric power is generated and the generated electric energy is charged in the second battery;
A charge mode in which the electric energy charged in the second battery is boosted by the first boost converter to charge the first battery;
The a, drive characteristics and to Ruha hybrid vehicle that. The drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein when the internal combustion engine is turned off and rotates by inertia, the energy of the internal combustion engine is recovered using a second motor generator. The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is brought into a connected state in any one or more of the following cases. Driving device:
When the internal combustion engine is on and the transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected up and down during acceleration of the vehicle;
Immediately before acceleration of the vehicle, the internal combustion engine is in an ON state, and a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine so as to shift up;
When power transmission between the internal combustion engine and a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is disconnected when the vehicle is decelerated;
When the internal combustion engine is switched from an on state to an off state during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the internal combustion engine is idling. The clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is changed from a connected state to a disconnected state in any one or more of the following cases. A drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to any one of the following:
During acceleration of the vehicle, when a transmission connected to the internal combustion engine is connected to the internal combustion engine to be in a neutral state for shifting up;
When the internal combustion engine is turned off to shift up during acceleration of the vehicle;
When rotation of the internal combustion engine stops during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the internal combustion engine is turned off during deceleration of the vehicle;
When the idling internal combustion engine stops.   When starting the internal combustion engine, the clutch provided between the internal combustion engine and the second motor generator is in a connected state, and the second motor generator serves as a starter for starting the internal combustion engine. The hybrid vehicle drive device according to claim 1, wherein the drive device is a hybrid vehicle.   A second boost converter connected between the first battery and the first motor generator and boosting electrical energy stored in the first battery and supplying the boosted electric energy to the first motor generator; The drive device for a hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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