JP5795341B2 - 参照ブロック配列によるfullCOLD−PCR濃縮 - Google Patents
参照ブロック配列によるfullCOLD−PCR濃縮 Download PDFInfo
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
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Description
full COLD−PCRがfast COLD−PCRほど比較的効率的ではないという別の理由は、後のfull COLD−PCRのサイクル中の増幅産物はヘテロ二本鎖を形成するよりもホモ二本鎖を再形成する傾向があるということである。
に十分な臨界温度(例えば、Tc=84.5°C)にさらされる。臨界温度(Tc)は、
反応混合物がTcインキュベートされる場合、参照ブロック鎖と相補参照鎖の二本鎖が
ほとんど変性されないままであるが、参照ブロック鎖と標的鎖はほとんど変性されるように選択される。「ほとんど」という用語は、所定の変性型または未変性型の少なくとも60%、好ましくは少なくとも90%、または、さらに好ましくは少なくとも98%を意味する。参照ブロック配列と標的鎖の二本鎖の融解温度は、参照ブロック配列と相補配列鎖の二本鎖の溶解温度よりも常に低い。なぜなら、前者はミスマッチを含むが、後者はミスマッチを含まないためである。
これらの方法のいくつかは、発明者の先行特許「Enrichment of a target Sequence」と題された特許文献1(現在では特許文献2)に列挙されており、この文献は引用によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
一般的に、1つの実施形態では、本発明の方法で用いられる核酸サンプルは、標的と参照配列を有するゲノムDNAを含む。別の実施形態では、本発明の方法の核酸サンプルは、先に核酸増幅反応で増幅させた標的と参照の配列を含む。当業者は、核酸を増幅するのに利用可能な多くの方法があることを認識するであろう。恐らく、最も一般的な方法は、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR;例えば、米国特許第4,683,195号と第4,683,202号だけでなく、Saiki et al., Science 230:1350−1354 (1985) and Gyllensten et al., PNAS (USA) 85:7652−7656 (1985)を参照)である。PCR方法の好ましい変更形態は、非対称PCR(例えば、Mao et al., Biotechniques 27(4):674−678 (1999); Lehbein et al., Electrophoresis 19(8−9):1381−1384 (1998); Lazaro et al., Mol. Cell. Probes 6(5):357−359 (1992); および、米国特許第6,197,499号を参照)。他の増幅方法は、限定されないが、鎖置換増幅(SDA)(Walker et al., Nucleic Acids Res. 20(7):1691−1696 (1992)と同様に、米国特許第5,744,311号、5,648,211号、および、5,631,147号を参照)、ローリングサークル増幅(RCA)(PCT公報WO97/19193を参照)、核酸配列に基づく増幅(NASBA)(Compton, Nature 350:91−92 (1991)と同様に、米国特許第5,409,818号と第5,554,527号を参照)、転写増幅法(TMA)(Kwoh et al., PNAS (USA) 86:1173−1177 (1989)と同様に、米国特許第5,399,491号を参照)、自家持続配列複製法(3SR)(Guatelli et al., PNAS (USA) 87:1874−1879 (1990)を参照)、および、リガーゼ連鎖反応(LCA)(米国特許第5,427,930号と5,792,607号を参照)を含む。
本明細書で使用されているように、「サンプル」は、対象の核酸(標的および参照の配列)を含有しているかまたは含有すると推定される任意の物質、あるいは、対象の核酸を含有しているかまたは含有すると推定される核酸そのものを指す。用語「サンプル」は、このように核酸(ゲノムDNA、cDNA、RNA)、細胞、生物、組織、液体、または、物質のサンプルを含み、限定されないが、例えば、血漿、血清、髄液、リンパ液、滑液、尿、涙、便、皮膚の外分泌液、気道、腸管、および、泌尿生殖器、唾液、血球、腫瘍、器官、組織、インビトロの細胞培養成分のサンプル、自然分離株(飲料水、海水、固形物質など)、微生物標本(microbial specimens)、および、核酸トレーサー分子で「マーキングされた」物体または標本を含む。
図1は、先に組み込まれた、「Enrichment of a target Sequence」と称された特許文献2で説明されるように、標的と参照の配列を含有している核酸サンプル中の標的配列を濃縮するための、full COLD−PCRとして知られている先行技術手順を示す。図1は、上記の組み込まれた特許出願で図1の再生である。
上記のように、参照ブロック配列は多くの形態をとることができるが、好ましい形態は一本鎖の非伸長性のDNAである。より具体的には、好ましい参照ブロック配列は以下の特徴を有する:(a)長さが200bpまでの一本鎖DNAを含む;(b)プライマーが参照ブロック配列にアニールされる際に参照配列にあまり結合しないように、標的配列よりもいくつかの塩基分(例えば、配列の各側で8−12の塩基分)小さな長さを有し、および、参照ブロック配列そのものにもあまり結合しない;および、(c)DNAポリメラーゼ伸長にブロックされる3’−末端を含有している。
2つの参照ブロック配列は合成された:p53エキソン8の部分に対応する、60bp(RBS60)および90bp(RBS90)参照ブロック配列。表1は、合成されたRBS60およびRBS90の参照ブロック配列について列挙される配列を含む。RBS60およびRBS90配列の両方は、Integrated DNA Technologies, Incによる3’−ブロックリン酸基で合成された。同じエキソン8フラグメント中の変異を含む株化細胞は、方法を試験するために使用される(表1の配列表を参照)。
Claims (24)
- 増幅反応混合物中の標的鎖を濃縮するための方法であって、
前記方法は、
a) 参照配列を有する参照鎖に、及び前記参照鎖と少なくとも50%相同である1つ以上の標的配列を有する標的鎖に、アニール可能なプライマー対を提供し、
少なくとも以下の成分:
参照鎖を有し、および、前記参照配列に少なくとも50%相同するとともに前記参照鎖と同じプライマー対によって増幅可能でもある1以上の標的配列を有する標的鎖を含むと想定される核酸と、プライマー対結合部位間の参照配列の鎖の1つの配列の少なくとも一部と完全に相補的な参照鎖の量と比較して過剰なモル濃度の参照ブロック配列鎖、を含む増幅反応混合物を調製する工程と、
b) 変性された参照鎖と変性された標的鎖を形成するために、参照配列二本鎖の溶解温度(Tm )および標的配列二本鎖の融解温度(Tm)より高い第1の変性温度に、前記反応混合物の温度を上昇させる工程と、
c) 参照ブロック配列鎖と相補的な参照鎖との二本鎖、および、参照ブロック配列鎖と標的鎖とのヘテロ二本鎖の形成を可能にするように、反応混合物の温度を下げる工程と、
d) 参照ブロック配列鎖と標的鎖との前記ヘテロ二本鎖の変性を、参照ブロック配列鎖と参照鎖の前記二本鎖の変性よりも優先的な変性を可能にするのに十分な臨界温度(Tc)に、前記反応混合物の温度を上昇させる工程であって、その結果前記反応混合物中の変性された二本鎖からの参照鎖の一本鎖の量と比較した、変性されたヘテロ二本鎖からの標的鎖の一本鎖の量の増加を提供する工程と、
e) 前記プライマー対を反応混合物中の標的鎖の一本鎖と任意の参照鎖の一本鎖にアニールすることができるように、反応混合物の温度を下げる工程と、
f) 反応混合物中で標的鎖および参照鎖にアニーリングした前記プライマー対を伸長する工程であって、その結果前記参照鎖と比較して前記標的鎖が濃縮される工程、および
g) 前記参照鎖と比較してより標的鎖を濃縮するためにb)からf)の工程を2回以上繰り返す工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記参照ブロック配列鎖の3’−末端は伸長を阻害するためにブロックされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖上の5’−末端は、Taq DNAポリメラーゼによる5’から3’のエキソヌクレオリシスを妨げるヌクレオチドを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は一本鎖として工程a)に提供されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は、反応混合物が第1の変性温度にさらされる際に工程b)で一本鎖にされた参照ブロック配列鎖を形成するために変性する二本鎖として工程a)で提供されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は、一本鎖DNA、RNA、ペプチド核酸、ロックト核酸及び別の修飾ヌクレオチドからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は、一本鎖DNA、RNA、ペプチド核酸またはロックト核酸、あるいは、別の修飾ヌクレオチドの間のキメラであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- キメラ配列上のペプチド核酸、ロックト核酸又は別の修飾ヌクレオチドの位置は、変異が存在しそうな位置にマッチするように選択され、それによって、参照ブロック配列鎖と標的鎖とのヘテロ二本鎖を変性するために必要な温度と、参照ブロック配列鎖と相補的な参照鎖との二本鎖を変性するために必要な温度の差を最大化することを特徴とする請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は、そのプライマー結合部位間の参照配列の鎖の1つと完全に相補的であるか、または、プライマー結合部位のいずれかの末端で重複することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は参照鎖と同じか、参照鎖よりも短いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 冷却工程c)は1分未満であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照ブロック配列鎖は、25nMにほとんど等しい量で反応混合物中に存在することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 標的配列二本鎖の溶解温度は、参照配列二本鎖の溶解温度よりも高いか、該溶解温度と等しいこと、および第一変性温度が標的配列二本鎖の溶解温度より高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照鎖および標的鎖は、PCRに核酸サンプルをさらし、その後、請求項1の濃縮方法に増幅された核酸サンプルの少なくとも一部をさらすことによって、まず増幅されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的鎖はホモ接合変異を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記標的鎖は、参照鎖から差次的にメチル化され、核酸サンプル上で請求項1の方法を実施する前に、核酸サンプルは亜硫酸水素ナトリウムで処理されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記参照鎖および標的鎖は、少なくとも25の塩基対を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- MALDI−TOF、HR−融解、ジデオキシ配列決定法、単一分子配列決定、ピロシーケンス、第二世代ハイスループット配列決定、SSCP、RFLP、dHPLC、CCM、デジタルPCR、および、定量的PCRからなる群から選択される1以上の方法を用いて、濃縮した標的鎖で前記混合反応物を分析する工程をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記Tcは1秒から1分の間で適用されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記反応混合物は核酸検出色素を含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記方法はリアルタイムPCR装置で実行されることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は標識化されたプローブを用いるリアルタイム反応条件下で実行されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法を実行するためのプログラム命令を含む、コンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体。
- プライマー伸長工程f)がアニーリングされたプライマーの伸長を促進するため反応混合物の温度を上昇させる工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
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AU2011224534A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
US11174510B2 (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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KR20120139780A (ko) | 2012-12-27 |
US20110217714A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
JP2013521776A (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
KR101550489B1 (ko) | 2015-09-07 |
CN102859003B (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
EP2545189B1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
WO2011112534A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
AU2011224534B2 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
CA2792433A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
US20180282798A1 (en) | 2018-10-04 |
US20140106362A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
KR20150067398A (ko) | 2015-06-17 |
EP2545189A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
CN102859003A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
CA2792433C (en) | 2016-10-11 |
US9957556B2 (en) | 2018-05-01 |
DK2545189T3 (en) | 2018-04-23 |
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