JP5746777B2 - キナーゼ阻害剤としてのピリミジン置換プリン化合物 - Google Patents
キナーゼ阻害剤としてのピリミジン置換プリン化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5746777B2 JP5746777B2 JP2014008816A JP2014008816A JP5746777B2 JP 5746777 B2 JP5746777 B2 JP 5746777B2 JP 2014008816 A JP2014008816 A JP 2014008816A JP 2014008816 A JP2014008816 A JP 2014008816A JP 5746777 B2 JP5746777 B2 JP 5746777B2
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
キナーゼ阻害剤の探索は、有用な薬学的活性物質の開発に有益な分野であることが証明されている。キナーゼは、或いは、リン酸転移酵素としても知られており、リン酸化と呼ばれる工程において高エネルギードナー分子(例えばATP)から特定の標的分子(典型的に、基質と呼ばれる)にリン酸基を転移させる酵素である。キナーゼの最大の群のうちの1つは、特定のタンパク質に作用して、活性を変化させるプロテインキナーゼである。
この明細書では、当業者に周知である多数の用語を使用する。しかしながら、明瞭にするために、多数の用語を定義する。
スキーム1に記載される5段階の手順を使用して、ジクロロプリンから5−(9−イソプロピル−8−メチル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミンを調製した。
下記実施例において、特に指示しない限り、以下に記載される全ての温度は摂氏温度であり、特に指示しない限り、全ての部及び百分率は重量による。
2,6−ジクロロ−9−イソプロピル−9H−プリンの合成
2,6−ジクロロプリン(2mmol)、イソプロパノール(8mmol)及びトリフェニルホスフィン(4mmol)を40mLの無水テトラヒドロフラン中に取り、そして、ジイソプロピルアジドジカルボキシレート(4mmol)を30分間にわたって室温で滴下した。次いで、反応混合物を更に24時間室温で撹拌した。TLC又はLC−MSによって定期的に反応をモニタした。氷冷水を収容しているビーカーに反応混合物を注いだ。100mLずつの酢酸エチルを用いて3回水層を抽出し、粗生成物を得た。シリカゲルカラム上のクロマトグラフィー(石油エーテル中10〜80%の酢酸エチル、勾配溶出)によってこれを精製して、収率77%で2,6−ジクロロ−9−イソプロピル−9H−プリンを得た。
2,6−ジクロロ−9−イソプロピル−9H−プリン(5.21mmol)、5−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−[1,3,2]ジオキサボロラン−2−イルアミン(5.21mmol)、及びジクロロメタン(0.26mmol)で錯体化された1,1’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセンパラジウム(II)クロリドの過酸化物不含ジオキサン(40mL)溶液に、炭酸ナトリウムの2M水溶液(15.6mmol)を添加した。得られた混合物を脱気し、窒素でパージした。次いで、3時間80℃で維持された油浴で加熱しながら、この反応混合物を撹拌した。出発プリンの消失について、LC−MSで反応をモニタした。
5−(2−クロロ−9−イソプロピル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミン(2.84mmol)のジメチルアセトアミド(18mL)溶液に、モルホリン(2.84mmol)を添加した。12時間94℃で維持された油浴で加熱しながら、反応混合物を撹拌した。LC−MSによって出発物質の欠如について反応をモニタした。粗精物を分取HPLCカラムに直接ロードし、クロマトグラフィーによって精製して、収率58%で5−(9−イソプロピル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミンを得た。1H NMR, DMSO-d6: 9.53 (s, 2H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.30 (bs, 2H), 4.72 (m, 1H), 3.78 (m, 4H), 3.73 (m, 4H), 1.55 (d, 6H). m/z: 341.17 [MH]+。
5−(9−イソプロピル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミン(1.03g、3.03mmol)のクロロホルム(15mL)溶液に、5℃の温度のNBS(594mg、3.34mmol)をゆっくり添加した。この温度で2時間反応を継続した。簡単な後処理後、生成物5−(8−ブロモ−9−イソプロピル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミン)をフラッシュカラム(溶媒系:ヘキサン中50%の酢酸エチル)によって精製して、収率52%(660mg)の5−(8−ブロモ−9−イソプロピル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミンを得た。1H NMR, MeOD: 9.67 (s, 2H), 4.90 (m, 1H), 3.89 (m, 4H), 3.82 (s, 4H), 1.72 (d, 6H). m/z: 419.31, 421.07 [MH]+。
5−(8−ブロモ−9−イソプロピル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミン(30mg、0.072mmol)及びPd(dppf)Cl2(3mg、5% mmol)の無水ジオキサン(3mL)溶液に、封管内にてジメチル亜鉛(210μL、ヘプタン溶液中1.0M)をゆっくり添加した。混合物を約65℃に加熱した。MeOHを滴下し、そして、溶媒を真空内で除去した。EtOAcを残渣に添加し、得られた溶液を1MのHCl、水、ブラインで洗浄し、次いで、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。溶媒を除去し、粗混合物をシリカゲル上でフラッシュクロマトグラフィーに供して、収率47%で8mgの5−(9−イソプロピル−8−メチル−2−モルホリン−4−イル−9H−プリン−6−イル)−ピリミジン−2−イルアミンを得た。1H NMR, MeOD: 9.40 (s, 2H), 4.81 (m, 1H), 3.89 (m, 4H), 3.82 (s, 4H), 3.71 (s, 3H), 1.73 (d, 6H). m/z: 355.16 [MH]+。
本発明の化合物を、多くの生物学的パラメータについて、国際出願PCT/SG2008/000379号明細書において合成し、開示されている多くの化合物と比較した。
・mTORアッセイにおける活性;
・PI3Kアッセイにおける活性;
・溶解度アッセイ
・ヒトミクロソーム安定性アッセイ
切断されたmTORキナーゼ及びHisタグ付4eBP1は、社内で生成した。[γ33P]-ATPは、Amersham (GE Healthcare)から購入した。全ての化学製品は、特に記載しない限り、Sigma-Aldrich製であった。
組換え型PI3K p110α/p85は、社内で調製した。ホスファチジルイノシトール(PtdIns)、ホスファチジルセリン(PtdSer)及び他の全ての明記されない化学製品は、Sigma-Aldrichから購入した。[γ33P]ATP及びOptiphaseシンチラントは、Perkin Elmerから入手した。
化合物の安定性は、ヒト肝ミクロソーム(HLM)と共にインキュベートすることを含む、96ウェルプレート(Whatman)におけるハイスループットフォーマットを使用して、最初にインビトロで評価する。Sigma-Aldrichから購入したベラパミルをアッセイにおける参照標準として使用する。HLMは、Xeno Techから購入する(250mM スクロース溶液中20mg/mL)。900mLの水(希HClを用いてpHを7.4に調整した)中で80mLの1M K2HPO4と20mLの1M KH2PO4とを合わせ、室温で保存することによってリン酸カリウムバッファの100mM原液を予め調製する。K2HPO4・3H20及びKH2PO4は、Sigma Aldrichから入手し、NADPH再生系溶液A及びBはGentestから入手する。反応をクエンチするために使用される停止溶液は、アセトニトリル及びDMSO(80:20)の予め調製された混合物であり、4℃で保存される。使用される溶媒は全てHPLCグレードであり、原液調製中及びLC−MS分析中に使用される水は、Milli-Qシステムを使用して脱イオン化する。
96ウェルフォーマットを使用して、ハイスループット動力学的溶解度プロファイリング方法において化合物の溶解度を測定する。UV/Visible Microplate Spectrophotometer(Molecular Devices SpectraMax Plus384)を使用して、化合物の溶解度を評価する。参照標準として、Sigmaから購入したVorinostat(SAHA)及びNicardipineを使用する。
本発明の化合物の有効性を更に実証するために、本発明の化合物に対して2つの細胞に基づくバイオマーカーアッセイを実施した。方法は以下の通りであった:
AlphaScreen(登録商標) SureFire phospho-p70 S6キナーゼ(Thr389)384キット(TGR、カタログ番号:TGR70S500)及びProxiplate-384 Plus(Perkin Elmer、カタログ番号:6008280)は、Perkin Elmerから購入した。ヒト前立腺癌細胞株(PC-3)は、ATCCから購入した。全ての化学製品は、特に明記しない限り、Sigma-Aldrich製であった。
Claims (24)
- パラジウム錯体の存在下で反応を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- パラジウム錯体が、Pd(dppf)Cl2である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 溶媒の存在下で反応を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 溶媒がジオキサンである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 封管内にて反応を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 65℃の温度で反応を行う、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 溶媒の存在下で反応を行う、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 溶媒がクロロホルムである、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 5℃の温度で反応を行う、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 溶媒の存在下で反応を行う、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 溶媒がジメチルアセトアミドである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 94℃の温度で反応を行う、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 溶媒の存在下で反応を行う、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 溶媒がジクロロメタンである、請求項17に記載の方法。
- パラジウム錯体の存在下で反応を行う、請求項16に記載の方法。
- パラジウム錯体が、1,1’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセンパラジウム(II)クロリドである、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 塩基の存在下で反応を行う、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 塩基が炭酸ナトリウムである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 80℃の温度で反応を行う、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 式(IV)で表される化合物を抽出により精製する、請求項16に記載の方法。
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