JP5692540B2 - Industrial vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an industrial vehicle in which a battery pack having a counterweight and a battery cell partially joined to the counterweight is mounted on a vehicle body.

For example, a forklift described in Patent Document 1 is known as an industrial vehicle including a counterweight.
The industrial vehicle described in Patent Literature 1 is provided with a counterweight for balancing the load behind the vehicle body. The counterweight is formed with a housing recess extending in the vehicle width direction, and a battery is placed in the housing recess.

JP 2009-274651 A

  By the way, when a part of the battery is locally cooled, a temperature difference occurs between the cooled part and the other part. If there is a temperature difference in the battery, deterioration of the battery may be promoted. Therefore, it is desired to reduce the temperature difference in the battery.

  The objective of this invention is providing the industrial vehicle which can make small the temperature difference in a battery cell.

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is an industrial vehicle in which a battery pack having a counterweight and a battery cell partially joined to the counterweight is mounted on a vehicle body, The battery cell is a prismatic battery, and the battery pack is arranged such that a surface of the prismatic battery opposite to a surface joined to the counterweight faces the front of the vehicle body. And

According to this, the surface on the opposite side to the surface joined to the counterweight in the square battery is easily cooled by the traveling wind when the industrial vehicle travels. When the square battery generates heat, heat is absorbed by the counterweight from the surface of the square battery joined to the counterweight. On the other hand, the surface opposite to the surface joined to the counterweight is difficult to exchange heat with the counterweight, but is efficiently cooled by heat exchange with the traveling wind. As a result, the battery cells are cooled from a plurality of portions, it is possible to reduce the temperature difference between the opposite side surfaces and the surface which is joined to the counterweight in the prismatic battery, a bonded surface. Therefore, an increase in temperature difference in the prismatic battery is suppressed.

A plurality of the prismatic batteries are provided, and a heat transfer plate is provided between the prismatic battery and the prismatic battery.
A plurality of the square batteries may be provided, and the plurality of the square batteries may be joined to the counterweight in a stacked state in the vertical direction of the vehicle body.
According to this, the counterweight, since extending in the stacking direction of the prismatic battery, assembly of the prismatic battery is improved.

The counterweight has a weight main body to which the plurality of the square batteries are joined, and a weight portion provided on the weight main body, and the weight portion extends in a direction different from the extending direction of the weight main body. It may be provided.

According to this, as compared with the case where the counter weight is only the weight main body, the surface area of the counter weight is increased, and the heat radiation area of the counter weight can be increased. For this reason, even if the counterweight absorbs heat generated by the square battery , the counterweight is unlikely to be overheated.

  According to the present invention, the temperature difference in the battery cell can be reduced.

The schematic side view which shows the forklift of embodiment. The perspective view which shows the battery pack of embodiment. The front view which shows the battery pack of embodiment. The enlarged view which expands and shows the relationship between the forklift and battery pack of embodiment. The top view which shows the battery module of another example.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the industrial vehicle of the present invention is embodied as a reach forklift (hereinafter simply referred to as “forklift”) will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “upper”, and “lower” are “front” and “front” when the forklift driver is facing forward (forward direction) of the forklift. “Back”, “Left”, “Right”, “Up” and “Down” are shown.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right reach legs 13 extend forward on the vehicle body 12 of the forklift 11. A front wheel 14 is provided in front of each reach leg 13. On the other hand, a rear wheel 16 as a driving wheel and a caster wheel (not shown) are disposed behind the vehicle body 12. In addition, a mast 17 is provided in front of the vehicle body 12 so as to move back and forth by driving a reach cylinder (not shown) along each reach leg 13. On the front side of the mast 17, a pair of left and right forks 20 are provided via a lift bracket 21. The fork 20 moves up and down along the mast 17. A load 22 is mounted on the fork 20. In addition, a standing-type cab 24 is provided at the rear of the vehicle body 12. A steering table 26 in the cab 24 is provided with a steering handle 26 that performs a steering operation of the rear wheel 16. An accommodation space S is formed in front of the vehicle body 12. A battery pack 30 is mounted in the accommodation space S. Hereinafter, the battery pack 30 will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack 30 includes a case 31. The case 31 includes a counterweight 32 for balancing the load 22 mounted on the fork 20. The counterweight 32 has a weight part 34 having a rectangular shape in plan view, and is erected in the thickness direction of the weight part 34 from one end in the short direction of the weight part 34 and extends from one end in the longitudinal direction of the weight part 34 to the other end. And a plate-like weight main body 33 that extends. In other words, the weight portion 34 is erected from the proximal end of the weight main body 33 in the thickness direction of the weight main body 33. At the distal end of the weight body 33 (the end opposite to the base end of the weight body 33), a notch 35 is formed by cutting the weight body 33 in the thickness direction of the weight body 33.

  An inverted U-shaped frame 36 that is spaced apart from the weight main body 33 is erected from the weight portion 34 at the other short-side end of the weight portion 34. The frame 36 includes a first pillar portion 38 and a second pillar portion 39 erected from two corners of the other end edge in the short direction on the upper surface of the weight portion 34, and the first pillar portion 38 and the first pillar portion 38. And a base portion 37 connecting the upper end portions of the two column portions 39 (the end portion on the opposite side to the end portion joined to the weight portion 34). That is, the battery pack 30 has a front opening 30 a surrounded by the weight 34 and the frame 36 on the other end side in the short side direction of the weight 34. In the battery pack 30, the front opening 30a is closed by a lid member 43 having a rectangular plate shape.

  The length in the standing direction of each pillar portion 38, 39 (the length in the longitudinal direction of each pillar portion 38, 39) is the same as the shortest length from the upper surface of the weight portion 34 to the distal end surface of the weight body 33. A top plate 44 is supported on the upper surface of the frame 36 and the upper surface of the weight body 33. The top plate 44 closes an opening (not shown) between the weight body 33 and the frame 36. Further, the battery pack 30 has one end side opening 30 b surrounded by the weight main body 33, the weight portion 34, the first column portion 38, and the top plate 44 on one end side in the longitudinal direction of the weight main body 33. Further, the battery pack 30 has a weight body 33, a weight portion 34, a second column portion 39, and the other end side opening 30 c surrounded by the top plate 44 on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the weight body 33. Have. The one end side opening 30 b is closed by the one end side lid member 41, and the other end side opening 30 c is closed by the other end side lid member 42. A case 31 is formed by the counterweight 32, the frame 36, the top plate 44, and the lid members 41 to 43.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, one surface (inner surface) in the thickness direction of the weight main body 33 is an installation surface 33 a on which the battery module 50 is installed. A plurality of battery modules 50 are provided on the installation surface 33a at intervals. Two battery modules 50 are provided side by side in the longitudinal direction of the weight main body 33, and three battery modules 50 are provided side by side in the short direction of the weight main body 33.

  The battery module 50 includes a rectangular battery 51 as a battery cell (for example, a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel / hydrogen storage battery), and a rectangular flat plate heat transfer plate 52 that is thermally coupled to the rectangular battery 51. Are alternately arranged in parallel. Accordingly, the battery modules 50 are provided side by side in the width direction of the weight body 33, so that the square batteries 51 are stacked in the width direction of the weight body 33. In the present embodiment, the square battery 51 is provided in a stacked state in the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the vehicle body 12, and the weight body 33 extends in the short direction in the stacking direction of the square battery 51. The heat transfer plate 52 is provided adjacent to the prismatic battery 51, and the entire surface of the heat transfer plate 52 in the thickness direction is in contact with the surface of the prismatic battery 51 in the thickness direction. In the battery module 50, brackets 53 are fixed to the square batteries 51 located at both ends of the square batteries 51 in the juxtaposition direction. Then, the battery module 50 is fixed to the weight main body 33 by screwing the bolt B into the weight main body 33 via the bracket 53. The width direction of the square battery 51 (direction orthogonal to the thickness direction and the height direction of the square battery 51) and the width direction of the heat transfer plate 52 (direction orthogonal to the thickness direction and the height direction of the heat transfer plate 52) One surface is joined to the counterweight 32 (weight body 33). In the present embodiment, one surface in the width direction of the square battery 51 is a portion joined to the counterweight 32.

  In the present embodiment, the counterweight 32 is made of a metal material such as iron, for example. When the square battery 51 generates heat, heat is transferred to the counterweight 32 and absorbed.

  A mounting plate 40 having a rectangular flat plate shape is fixed to the upper surface of the notch 35. On the mounting plate 40, a housing case 61 that houses a control device that controls the battery module 50 and a junction box 62 that houses a relay, wiring, and the like are disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the battery pack 30 configured as described above is accommodated in an accommodation space S formed in front of the vehicle body 12. The battery pack 30 is disposed such that the other side in the width direction of the prismatic battery 51, which is the surface opposite to the surface joined to the counterweight 32 in the prismatic battery 51, faces the front of the vehicle body 12. Further, the battery pack 30 is disposed so that the weight portion 34 is positioned below (vertically in the vertical direction) the plurality of battery modules 50.

Next, the operation of the forklift 11 of this embodiment will be described.
When the forklift 11 moves forward, the outer surface of the lid member 43 is cooled by exchanging heat with the traveling wind. When the outer surface of the cover member 43 is cooled by exchanging heat with the traveling wind, the heat medium inside the case 31 is cooled via the cover member 43, and the heat medium and the square battery 51 are connected to the square battery 51. Heat exchange is carried out via the surfaces in contact with the heat medium (both sides in the thickness direction of the square battery 51, the other side in the width direction of the square battery 51, and both sides in the height direction of the square battery 51). To be cooled.

  Further, the prismatic battery 51 exchanges heat with the counterweight 32 through a surface (one surface in the width direction of the prismatic battery 51) joined to the weight main body 33 of the prismatic battery 51, thereby heat of the prismatic battery 51. Is absorbed by the counterweight 32. Therefore, the square battery 51 dissipates heat from the entire surface.

Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the square battery 51 dissipates heat from the entire surface, an increase in temperature difference in the square battery 51 is suppressed, and deterioration of the square battery 51 is suppressed from being promoted. . More specifically, the prismatic battery 51 exchanges heat with the counterweight 32 via a surface (one surface in the width direction of the prismatic battery 51) joined to the weight body 33 of the prismatic battery 51, and the square battery Traveling wind and heat through the surfaces other than the surface joined to the weight body 33 of 51 (double-sided in the thickness direction of the square battery 51, the other side in the width direction of the rectangular battery 51, and the doubled side in the height direction of the rectangular battery 51). Heat exchange is performed with the exchanged and cooled heat medium.

  (2) The weight body 33 has a short direction extending in the stacking direction of the square batteries 51. Since the weight main body 33 extends in the stacking direction, the assembling property of the battery module 50 (square battery 51) is improved.

  (3) The battery pack 30 is disposed on the vehicle body 12 such that the other side in the width direction of the rectangular battery 51 faces the front of the vehicle body 12. By facing the other side in the width direction of the square battery 51 in front of the vehicle body 12 that is susceptible to traveling wind, the surface opposite to the surface joined to the weight body 33 of the square battery 51 is interposed via the lid member 43. It is easy to exchange heat with the heat medium just after being cooled by the traveling wind. For this reason, the surface opposite to the surface joined to the weight main body 33 of the square battery 51 having the lowest endothermic effect of the counterweight 32 can be efficiently cooled, and the temperature difference in the square battery 51 becomes large. This is further suppressed.

  (4) The counterweight 32 has a weight portion 34 extending from the weight body 33. For this reason, compared with the case where only the weight body 33 is used as the counter weight 32, the heat radiation area of the counter weight 32 is increased, and the counter weight 32 is further suppressed from being overheated. Therefore, the counterweight 32 can easily absorb the heat generated by the square battery 51, and the square battery 51 can be efficiently cooled.

  (5) The battery pack 30 is disposed such that the weight portion 34 is positioned below the plurality of battery modules 50 in the vertical direction. For this reason, the position of the center of gravity of the vehicle body 12 is lowered, and the allowable weight of the load 22 that can be mounted on the fork 20 is increased.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
In the embodiment, the weight main body 33 and the square battery 51 are directly joined. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be indirectly joined via a thermoelectric sheet or the like. Moreover, when the square battery 51 is hold | maintained at the battery holder etc., you may join via the battery holder.

  In the embodiment, the storage space S may be formed behind the vehicle body 12, and the battery pack 30 may be disposed behind the vehicle body 12. In this case, when the forklift 11 moves backward, the surface on the opposite side to the surface joined to the weight body 33 of the square battery 51 is more wind-driven than the surface joined to the weight body 33 of the square battery 51. The battery pack 30 is arranged so that the other side in the width direction of the rectangular battery 51 faces the rear of the vehicle body 12 so that heat exchange is easy.

In the embodiment, the counter weight 32 may be configured by only the weight main body 33 without providing the weight portion 34.
In the embodiment, the shape of the weight portion 34 may be any shape.

  In the embodiment, the shape of the weight main body 33 may be any shape. Even in this case, the battery pack so that the portion of the prismatic battery 51 that is not joined to the weight body 33 is more easily exchanged with the traveling wind than the portion of the prismatic battery 51 that is joined to the weight body 33. 30 is disposed on the vehicle body 12.

In the embodiment, a cylindrical battery or a laminate battery may be employed as the battery cell.
In the embodiment, the other side in the width direction of the square battery 51 may be disposed so as to face the vehicle width direction (left-right direction) of the vehicle body 12. In other words, the surface of the prismatic battery 51 opposite to the surface joined to the weight main body 33 has a square shape at a position where heat exchange with the traveling wind is easier than the surface joined to the weight main body 33 of the square battery 51. What is necessary is just to be able to arrange the battery 51 and the counterweight 32.

The industrial vehicle of the present invention may be embodied in an industrial vehicle other than the forklift 10. For example, it may be embodied in a power shovel.
In the embodiment, a blower or the like may be provided on the vehicle body 12 or the like, and the lid member 43 may be blown by the blower.

  In the embodiment, fins may be formed on the outer surface of the lid member 43 to increase the heat exchange efficiency. Further, fins may be formed on the outer surface of the counterweight 32, the outer surface of the top plate 44, and the outer surfaces of the lid members 41 and 42. The fin may have any shape. For example, a plate-shaped fin (straight fin), a pin-shaped fin, or the like may be used.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the size of the heat transfer plate 70 along the width direction of the square battery 51 is made larger than the size of the square battery 51 in the width direction so that the heat transfer plate 70 You may make it protrude with respect to 51 width direction other surfaces. That is, a part of the heat transfer plate 70 may protrude on the side opposite to the side (one surface in the width direction) joined to the weight body 33 of the square battery 51. In this case, the protruding portion 71 of the heat transfer plate 70 protruding from the other surface in the width direction of the rectangular battery 51 is heat-exchanged with the surrounding heat medium, and dissipates heat generated by the rectangular battery 51. For this reason, the square battery 51 can be efficiently cooled. Further, the temperature difference in the prismatic battery 51 is reduced by cooling the weight body 33 and the protrusion 71 of the heat transfer plate 70 from both sides in the width direction of the prismatic battery 51.

  O You may provide the air blower which sends a heat medium toward the outer surface of the counterweight 32, the outer surface of the top plate 44, the outer surface of the cover members 41-43, and the protrusion part 71 of the heat exchanger plate 70 of FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Forklift as an industrial vehicle, 12 ... Vehicle body, 30 ... Battery pack, 31 ... Case, 32 ... Counterweight, 33 ... Weight main body, 34 ... Weight part, 51 ... Square battery as a battery cell.

Claims (4)

An industrial vehicle in which a battery pack having a counterweight and a battery cell partially joined to the counterweight is mounted on a vehicle body,
The battery cell is a square battery,
The industrial battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack is disposed such that a surface of the prismatic battery opposite to a surface joined to the counterweight faces the front of the vehicle body .   The industrial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the square batteries are provided, and a heat transfer plate is provided between the square batteries and the square batteries. The rectangular battery is provided in plurality, a plurality of the rectangular battery is industry according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that it is joined to the counterweight in a stacked state in the vertical direction of the vehicle body vehicle. The counterweight has a weight main body to which a plurality of the square batteries are joined, and a weight portion provided on the weight main body,
The industrial vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the weight portion is extended in a direction different from an extending direction of the weight main body.