JP5608381B2 - Plant high-temperature tolerance inducer and high-temperature tolerance induction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant high temperature tolerance inducer and a high temperature tolerance induction method.

  Due to global warming in recent years, high temperature damage in summer has become a major problem in agriculture. Conventionally, in order to prevent a high temperature failure, outdoor installation of a sunshade or installation of a ventilation fan in a house has been carried out, but this is not easy because it requires a large amount of money. Therefore, it is desired to develop a high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants that can be easily used in many agricultural fields.

  The present inventor gave high-temperature stress to malondialdehyde (hereinafter referred to as “MDA”) produced by oxidizing a fatty acid contained in a large amount of plant cell membranes by active oxygen generated in a plant body under a stress environment. It has been found and reported to impart tolerance to plants (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, since MDA is unstable, it is necessary to prepare and use MDA from a stable complex through complicated steps, and it is not suitable for practical use.

Chihiro Nakamoto, Yukihiro Hiraoka, Yasuo Yamauchi, Yukihiro Sugimoto, “44. Functional analysis of malondialdehyde in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to high temperature”, 41st Annual Meeting of the Society of Plant Chemistry Regulation, October 2006 Issued 4th, p59 Ikuo Yamauchi, Yukihiro Sugimoto, "S05-5 (S27) Bilateral physiological functions of malondialdehyde in Arabidopsis thaliana under high temperature stress", 49th Annual Meeting of the Plant Physiological Society of Japan, March 15, 2008 , P83

  An object of the present invention is to provide a practical high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants and a simple method for inducing high-temperature tolerance that can be easily used in an agricultural field.

The present invention includes the following inventions in order to achieve the above object.
[1] General formula (I)
(Wherein R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C1-C9 alkyl group, and R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group.)
A high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants comprising a compound represented by the formula (1), which is a compound excluding malondialdehyde (hydroxyacrolein) as an active ingredient.
[2] The high temperature resistance inducer according to [1], wherein R ₁ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a methyl group, and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
[3] The compound represented by the general formula (I) is:
The high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants according to [2] above.
[4] A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance of a plant, comprising a step of treating the plant with the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to any one of [1] to [3].
[5] The high temperature tolerance inducing method according to [4], wherein in the step, the plant is treated by applying a high temperature tolerance inducer to the cultivation carrier.
[6] The high temperature tolerance inducing method according to [5], wherein the active ingredient in the high temperature tolerance inducer is diluted to a concentration of 0.01 to 10 μM and applied to a cultivation carrier.
[7] General formula (I)
(Wherein R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C1-C9 alkyl group, and R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group.)
A transpiration enhancer for a plant, comprising a compound represented by the formula (1) as an active ingredient except for malondialdehyde (hydroxyacrolein) .

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the high temperature tolerance induction method which can induce high temperature induction tolerance to a plant by a practical high temperature tolerance inducer which can be easily utilized in the agricultural field, and a simple process can be provided. Therefore, it is possible to easily and easily prevent the occurrence of high temperature failure. Moreover, according to this invention, the transpiration promoter of a plant can be provided. By promoting the transpiration of plants, fertilizers and pesticides can be transported quickly and efficiently throughout the plant body.
In addition, according to the present invention, high temperature damage of plants can be reduced during high temperature control of pests such as steaming. In summer, it is possible to suppress plant growth failure due to a rapid rise in temperature that occurs temporarily after bad weather such as typhoons and thunderstorms. Furthermore, if used continuously, the growth of the plant can be guaranteed even under conditions in which the temperature is constantly increased due to global warming or the like.

It is a figure which shows the result of having examined the high temperature tolerance induction | guidance | derivation of the tomato by an ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK) process. It is a figure which shows the growth point of the tomato which the high temperature disorder produced. It is a figure which shows the result of having examined the transpiration promotion effect of the tomato by an ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK) process. It is a figure which shows the result of having examined the influence which the ethyl vinyl ketone (EVK) has on the germination of Komatsuna.

The present invention relates to general formula (I)
(Wherein R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C1-C9 alkyl group, and R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group.)
The high temperature tolerance inducer of the plant which contains the compound shown by this as an active ingredient is provided.

The C1-C9 alkyl group may be a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms. R ₁ is preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group or a nonyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a methyl group. is there.

The C1-C5 alkyl group may be a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. R ₂ is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group or a pentyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.

Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (I) include ethyl vinyl ketone, methyl vinyl ketone, acrolein, hydroxyacrolein, crotonaldehyde, 3-penten-2-one, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, and 2-heptenal. 2-octenal, 2-nonenal, 4-hexen-3-one, 5-hepten-4-one, 6-octen-5-one, 7-nonen-6-one and the like. Of these, ethyl vinyl ketone, hydroxyacrolein, and 3-penten-2-one are preferable, and ethyl vinyl ketone represented by the following formula (II) (also referred to as 1-penten-3-one. Hereinafter, referred to as “EVK”. I will write .)

  The high-temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention is a compound in which the compound represented by the general formula (I), which is an active ingredient, is dissolved in an appropriate inert carrier, if necessary, together with an auxiliary agent in an appropriate ratio and dissolved and suspended. , Mixing, impregnation, adsorption, adhesion, etc., and appropriate dosage forms such as suspensions, milk suspensions, emulsions, liquids, wettable powders, granular wettable powders, granules, powders, tablets, jumbo drugs, etc. It can be used by formulating it.

  The inert carrier can be either solid or liquid. Examples of solid inert carriers include vegetable powders (eg, soybean powder, cereal powder, wood powder, bark powder, saw powder, tobacco stem powder, walnut shell powder, bran, and fiber powder), pulverized synthesis Synthetic polymers such as resins, clays (eg, kaolin, bentonite, acid clay), talc (eg, talc, pyrophyllite, etc.), silicas (eg, diatomaceous earth, silica sand, mica, etc.), activated carbon, natural mineral materials (Eg, sulfur powder, pumice, attapulgite, zeolite, etc.), calcined diatomaceous earth, brick ground, fly ash, sand, plastic carrier (eg, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.), inorganic mineral powder (eg, carbonic acid) Calcium, calcium phosphate, etc.), chemical fertilizers (eg, ammonium sulfate, phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, etc.), compost, etc. Germany, or it can be used in the form of a mixture of two or more.

  Examples of the liquid inert carrier include water, alcohols (eg, methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.) , Ethers (eg, ethyl ether, dioxane, cellosolve, dipropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (eg, kerosene, mineral oil, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (eg, benzene, toluene, xylene, solvent) Naphtha, alkylnaphthalene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (eg, dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), esters (eg, ethyl acetate, diisopropyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctane) Rufutareto etc.), nitriles (e.g., acetonitrile), and dimethyl sulfoxide, and the like, they can be used in the form of a single or a mixture of two or more.

  An adjuvant can be used as needed, and can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types. A surfactant can be used as an auxiliary agent for emulsification, dispersion, solubilization and the like of the active ingredient compound. Examples of the surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene resin acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, Examples include, but are not limited to, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, alkylaryl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonic acid condensate, lignin sulfonate, and higher alcohol sulfate.

  For example, starch, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, pine oil, coconut oil, bentonite, lignin sulfonate, etc. should be used as auxiliary agents for dispersion stabilization, adhesion, bonding, etc. of the active ingredient compound. Can do. For improving the fluidity of solid products, for example, waxes, stearates, alkyl phosphates and the like can be used as auxiliary agents. As an antifoaming agent, for example, silicone oil or the like can be used as an auxiliary agent.

  The compounding ratio of the active ingredient compound to the whole high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention is not particularly limited, and can be adjusted as necessary. Usually, it is about 0.01 to about 90 mass%, and about 0.1 to about 50 mass% is preferable.

  This invention provides the high temperature tolerance induction method of a plant including the process of processing a plant with the high temperature tolerance inducer of the said invention. The plant to which the high temperature tolerance inducing method of the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant having a pore. Agricultural and horticultural plants are preferred. Agricultural and horticultural plants to which the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention can be applied are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cereals (rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, corn, etc.), beans (soybeans, red beans, broad beans, peas, Peanuts), fruit trees / fruits (apples, citrus fruits, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, cherry peaches, walnuts, almonds, bananas, strawberries, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomatoes, eggplant, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, onions, Leek, green pepper, etc.), root vegetables (carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, turnips, etc.), crops for processing (cotton, hemp, mulberry, mitsumata, rapeseed, beet, hops, sugar cane, sugar beet, olives, gum, coffee, Tobacco, tea, etc.), potatoes (pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, melon, etc.), pastures (orchard grass, sorghum, timothy, clover, alf) Alpha, etc.), grasses (mascarenegrass, bentgrass, etc.), flowering plants (chrysanthemum, rose, orchid, etc.), for a flavoring such as crops such (lavender, rosemary, thyme, parsley, pepper, ginger, etc.), and the like.

  Treating a plant with a high temperature tolerance inducer means that the active ingredient of the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention reaches the target plant. Thus, for example, the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention as it is or appropriately diluted with water or the like, an effective amount for inducing high temperature tolerance in the target plant, the target plant or target that is intended to prevent the occurrence of high temperature injury What is necessary is just to apply to the cultivation support | carrier of a plant. For example, application methods such as direct spraying on the target plant, stock treatment, row treatment, and soil mixing can be suitably used. Moreover, you may process the hydroponic liquid in hydroponics with the high temperature tolerance inducer of this invention. The high temperature tolerance induction method of the present invention is preferably a method of applying the high temperature resistance inducer of the present invention to a cultivation carrier, that is, an application method such as stock treatment, row treatment, soil mixing, hydroponic liquid treatment or the like. Further, the time when the plant is treated with the high temperature tolerance inducer is not particularly limited, but is preferably before the time when the occurrence of high temperature damage is expected.

  The cultivation carrier means a support for cultivating a plant, and any material can be used as long as the plant can grow. For example, it includes so-called various soils, seedling mats, water and the like. Specific examples include sand, vermiculite, cotton, paper, diatomaceous earth, agar, gel material, polymer material, rock wool, glass wool, wood chip, bark, pumice and the like.

  The application amount of the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention varies depending on the blending ratio of the active ingredient compound, weather conditions, formulation form, application time, application method, application place, target plant, etc. What is necessary is just to select and apply from the range of about 0.01g-about 10g suitably, Preferably it is the range of about 0.1-about 5g.

  When the active ingredient of the high-temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention is EVK, the concentration when applied to the cultivation carrier is preferably about 0.01 to about 10 μM, and is about 0.05 to about 5 μM. Is more preferably about 0.1 to about 1 μM. EVK is a toxic compound, but it has been confirmed that it does not exhibit toxicity to plants in the above concentration range.

  It has been confirmed by the present inventor that the active ingredient of the high temperature tolerance inducer of the present invention promotes transpiration of plants. Therefore, the present invention provides a plant transpiration promoter containing the compound represented by the general formula (I) as an active ingredient. With the transpiration accelerator of the present invention, there is an effect that fertilizers and pesticides can be distributed throughout the plant body and the fertilizers and pesticides can be used efficiently.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention in detail, this invention is not limited to these.

[Example 1: Preparation of high temperature resistance inducer containing EVK]
The EVK stock solution (10M, manufactured by Sigma) was diluted with ethanol to 1M, and further diluted with water to a final concentration of 0.01 mM to 10 mM. Surfactant (New Calgen D-945 (trade name), manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd., polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylate) dissolved in water so as to be 10% (v / v) in the diluted EVK solution The final concentration was 0.1% (v / v) to obtain a high temperature resistance inducer (1000 times concentration). This high temperature tolerance inducer (1000-fold concentration) can be stored in a refrigerator (about 4 ° C.).
A high temperature tolerance inducer (1000 times concentration) was diluted 1000 times with water at the time of use, and applied to a cultivation carrier such as soil at a concentration of 0.01 μM to 10 μM.

[Example 2: High temperature tolerance induction of tomato]
Tomato seedlings (4 weeks old, Yonekura Horticulture) were purchased and used for experiments. One tomato seedling was cultivated in one pot using a pot containing 300 mL of culture soil. Three EVK-treated groups and three water-treated (control) individuals were used. In the EVK-treated section, the high-temperature tolerance inducer (concentration 1 mM) prepared in Example 1 was diluted 1000 times with water (concentration 1 μM), and 100 mL was added per pot. In the water treatment section, 100 mL of water was added per pot. After measuring the height of each individual, high temperature treatment was performed at 45 ° C. for 7 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was returned to a 25 ° C. artificial meteor, and the height of each individual was measured after observing for one week.

The results are shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 1, it was revealed that the individuals in the water treatment section had almost the same height as before the high temperature treatment even after one week had passed since the high temperature treatment, and the growth was stopped by the high temperature treatment. On the other hand, the individuals in the EVK-treated section did not stop growing even when subjected to the high temperature treatment, and became about 20 cm higher in one week after the high temperature treatment. From this result, it became clear that high temperature tolerance was induced in tomato by applying EVK to the cultivation carrier.
As shown in FIG. 2, the growth points (circles in the figure) of the individuals in the water treatment area were damaged. Therefore, the EVK process is considered to alleviate the obstacle of the growth point.

[Example 3: Effect of promoting transpiration of tomato]
Tomato seedlings (4 weeks old, Yonekura Horticulture) were purchased and used for experiments. One tomato seedling was cultivated in one pot using a pot containing 300 mL of culture soil. A measurement chamber of a porometer LI-6400 (manufactured by LI-COR) was set on tomato leaves, and the transpiration rate at 25 ° C. was measured. In order to measure light-independent transpiration, measurement was performed without light irradiation. Measurements were recorded in memory in the porometer approximately every 10 seconds (350 times per hour). After performing preliminary measurement for 2 minutes, the EVK-treated section was diluted 1000-fold with water at a concentration of 0.5 mM high-temperature resistance inducer prepared in Example 1 (concentration 0.5 μM), and 100 mL per pot was added. Measurement was performed for 1 hour. In the water treatment section, 100 mL of water was added per pot, and measurement was performed for 1 hour.
The results are shown in FIG. As is apparent from FIG. 3, it was shown that transpiration was promoted by the EVK treatment. From this result, it can be inferred that the heat of vaporization during transpiration is related to imparting high temperature resistance.

[Example 4: Toxicity test of EVK]
EVK is a powerful toxic compound but is approved as a food additive (fragrance). Therefore, in order to confirm that no toxicity appears to the plant at the concentration used, an toxicity test of EVK was conducted in accordance with the seedling test by Komatsuna recommended by the Japan Bark Compost Association. Specifically, 500 mL of culture soil was spread on a plastic tray, and 20 komatsuna seeds were sown per tray. Five test sections were prepared: a water treatment section, a 0.01% ethanol treatment section, a 0.1 μM EVK treatment section, a 0.5 μM EVK treatment section, and a 1 μM EVK treatment section, and 300 mL of each was added to the culture soil. Germination and growth were performed at 23 ° C., and the state was observed on the 10th day.
The results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, from the left, a water treatment zone, a 0.01% ethanol treatment zone, a 0.1 μM treatment zone, a 0.5 μM treatment zone, and a 1 μM treatment zone. As apparent from FIG. 4, the germination rate was 100% in all the test plots. From this result, it was clarified that the use concentration of EVK does not affect the germination of Komatsuna and does not develop toxicity.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications are possible within the scope shown in the claims, and technical means disclosed in different embodiments are appropriately combined. The obtained embodiment is also included in the technical scope of the present invention. Moreover, all the academic literatures and patent literatures described in this specification are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims (7)

Formula (I)
(Wherein R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C1-C9 alkyl group, and R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group.)
A high-temperature tolerance inducer for plants comprising a compound represented by the formula (1), which is a compound excluding malondialdehyde (hydroxyacrolein) as an active ingredient. The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 1, wherein R ₁ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a methyl group, and R ₂ is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group. The compound represented by the general formula (I) is:
The high temperature resistance inducer according to claim 2.   A method for inducing high-temperature tolerance of a plant, comprising a step of treating the plant with the high-temperature tolerance inducer according to claim 1.   In the said process, a high temperature tolerance induction method of Claim 4 which processes a plant by applying a high temperature tolerance inducer to a cultivation support | carrier.   6. The high temperature tolerance inducing method according to claim 5, wherein the active ingredient in the high temperature tolerance inducer is diluted to a concentration of 0.01 to 10 [mu] M and applied to the cultivation carrier. Formula (I)
(Wherein R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a C1-C9 alkyl group, and R ₂ represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C5 alkyl group.)
A transpiration enhancer for a plant, comprising a compound represented by the formula (1) as an active ingredient except for malondialdehyde (hydroxyacrolein) .