JP5555894B2 - 脂質代謝調整剤 - Google Patents
脂質代謝調整剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5555894B2 JP5555894B2 JP2006024516A JP2006024516A JP5555894B2 JP 5555894 B2 JP5555894 B2 JP 5555894B2 JP 2006024516 A JP2006024516 A JP 2006024516A JP 2006024516 A JP2006024516 A JP 2006024516A JP 5555894 B2 JP5555894 B2 JP 5555894B2
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- fatty acid
- higher aliphatic
- enzyme
- reaction
- aliphatic alcohol
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Description
脂肪酸合成阻害剤としては、FA−4248(特許文献1)、1−フェニルピロリドン誘導体(特許文献2)、リグナン類化合物(特許文献3)等が知られている。しかし、これらの化合物は微生物の代謝物であり、投与方法によっては副作用が問題となり、長期的な使用には適していなかった。
高級脂肪族アルコールの抗高コレステロール症効果において、その作用機序としてコレステロール合成経路の律速反応であるHMG−CoA還元酵素の発現抑制が推察されているが(非特許文献1)、脂肪酸合成を抑制することは見出されていなかった。
(1)炭素数20〜36の高級脂肪族アルコールを有効成分として含有し、脂肪酸合成系酵素の発現を低下させることを特徴とする脂質代謝調整剤である。
(2)脂肪酸合成系酵素が、脂肪酸シンターゼ、グルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、ATP−クエン酸−リアーゼ、リンゴ酸酵素、ピルビン酸キナーゼ、グリセロール3リン酸アシルトランスフェラーゼである前記(1)の脂質代謝調整剤である。
(3)高級脂肪族アルコールの平均粒径が1〜150μmであり、粉末状である前記(1)または(2)の脂質代謝調整剤である。
これらは、製精し純品として使用できるし、また、これを混合して使用することができる。天然由来の高級アルコール混合物は、そのままで本発明に使用できるので、実施に適している。
代表的な天然由来の組成を表1にまとめる。
投与量は、高級脂肪族アルコールの効果を有効に発現させるために、成人1人当たり、高級脂肪族アルコールとして、1mg〜10g、好ましくは5mg〜1gを1日1〜数回に分けて投与することが好ましい。
比較例1
雄の4週齢SDラット(体重132〜156g)を用いて、1週間の予備飼育後、1群7匹にて下記の試験食を投与し、3週間飼育した。飼育中、試験食、水は自由摂食とした。
コントロール食群:カゼイン(和光純薬(株)製)20質量%、パーム油(日本油脂(株)製)10質量%、コーンスターチ15質量%、セルロース2質量%、ビタミンミックス(日本農産(株)製「AIN−76TMビタミン混合組成」)1質量%、ミネラルミックス(日本農産(株)製「AIN−76TMミネラル混合組成」)3.5質量%、DL−メチオニン(和光純薬(株)製)0.3質量%、コリン酒石酸水素塩(和光純薬(株)製)0.2質量%、スクロース(大日本明治製糖(株)製「グラニュー糖」)48質量%。
高級脂肪族アルコール添加食群は、高級脂肪族アルコールの添加量を、コントロール食のスクロース量から差し引き下記の試験食を調整した。
雄の4週齢SDラット(体重132〜156g)を用いて、1週間の予備飼育後、1群7匹にて下記の試験食を投与し、3週間飼育した。飼育中、試験食、水は自由摂食とした。
(1)実施例1(0.5%添加食群):高級脂肪族アルコール(日本油脂(株)製「オクタコサノール12−O」)0.5質量%、スクロース(同上)47.5質量%、その他の成分はコントロール食群に同じとした。
(2)実施例2(1.0%添加食群):高級脂肪族アルコール(同上)1.0質量%、スクロース(同上)47.0質量%、その他の成分はコントロール食群に同じとした。
(3)実施例3(2.0%添加食群):高級脂肪族アルコール(同上)2.0質量%、スクロース(同上)46.0質量%、その他の成分はコントロール食群に同じとした。
「ガスクロマトグラフィー条件」
カラム:DB−1(Length:30m、ID:0.32mm、Film:0.25μm、J&Wサイエンティフィック社製)
昇温条件:150℃→(10℃/分)→320℃→(20分)→320℃
カラム流量:2.7mL/分
検出器:FID、検出器温度:320℃、注入口温度:320℃
キャリアーガス:ヘリウム
表1から、本発明の高級脂肪族アルコールを主成分とする脂質代謝調整剤を長期にわたり投与しても、体重、摂食量、肝臓重量等に特に異常は見られず、本発明の脂質代謝調整剤は安全性が高いことが確認された。
(mRNAの発現量)
肝臓の約1.5gをGTC溶液(4Mグアニジンチオシアネート,25mMクエン酸ナトリウム,0.5%N−ラウロイルサルコシン酸ナトリウム,0.1Mメルカプトエタノール)15mLに入れ、ポリトロン式ホモジナイザーにより組織を破砕し、AGPC法により、RNAを抽出した。各RNAサンプルの精製度はOD比(260nm/280nm)1.6〜1.8であった。抽出は、実施例2(1.0%投与群)および比較例1(コントロール食群)について行った。各群において、ラット個体のRNA濃度が等量となるように混合し、DNAチップ(アジレント社製「ラット用20,500遺伝子」)による発現量の解析を行った。結果を表3にまとめた。
肝臓の約1.3gを切り取り、約10mLの0.25Mスクロース,3mMTris−HCl,1mMEDTA(pH7.2)緩衝液に入れ、速やかにホモジナイズした。ホモジナイズした抽出液を8,000×gで遠心し、更に上清を200,000×gで超遠心した。超遠心の上清を用いて、脂肪酸シンターゼ(FAS)、グルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ(G6PDH)、ATP−クエン酸−リアーゼ(ACL)、リンゴ酸酵素(ME)、ピルビン酸キナーゼ(PK)の活性を測定した。超遠心の沈殿物を用いて、グリセロール3リン酸アシルトランスフェラーゼ(G3PAT)の活性を測定した。ローリー法により、上清及び沈殿物の総蛋白質重量をそれぞれ測定し、酵素活性値を総蛋白質重量当りで表した。
表4の結果から、本発明の高級脂肪族アルコールを主成分とする脂質代謝調整剤により、脂肪酸合成系酵素群の活性が低下することがわかる。
比較例2
肥満モデルラットである「Zuckerラット(雄性、7週齢)」(「Crj:(ZUC)−fa/fa」、日本チャールスリバー(株))を用いて、1群7頭とし(平均体重297.6g)、1週間の予備飼育後、AIN−76標準飼料(日本農産工業(株)製)を投与して8週間飼育した。飼育中、試験食、水は自由摂食とした。飼育環境は、温度25℃、湿度55%、12時間の明暗サイクルで飼育した。
高級脂肪族アルコール添加食群については、試験食をAIN−76:99質量%、高級脂肪族アルコール混合物1%とし、それ以外の条件は比較例2と同条件とした。
(1)実施例4
米糠由来の高級脂肪族アルコール混合物は、「ニッサンオクタコサノール12−O(日本油脂(株)製)」を使用した。平均粒径を動物実験1と同様に求めた結果、71μmであった。
(2)実施例5
サトウキビ由来の高級脂肪族アルコール混合物は、「サトウキビ由来ポリコサノール(フィトファーマ(株)製)」を使用した。平均粒径は83μmであった。
(3)実施例6
蜜蝋由来の高級脂肪族アルコール混合物は、「脱臭精製蜜蝋高酸((株)セラリカ野田製)」をケン化分解し、MCT油により抽出後、晶析、エタノール洗浄により精製したものを使用した。平均粒径は76μmであった。
飼育開始時と終了時の体重増加量は、比較例2;277±15(g増加/8週間、±標準誤差)、実施例4;274±13、実施例5;286±14、実施例6;283±10であり、各群間で有意な差異は認められなかった。II型糖尿病モデルラットの特徴とする肥満は認められるが、高級脂肪族アルコールの摂取による変化はなく、副作用はない。
Claims (3)
- 炭素数20〜36の高級脂肪族アルコールを有効成分として含有し、肝臓中の脂肪酸合成系酵素の発現を低下させることを特徴とする、脂肪肝の予防または改善用の、肝臓中のトリアシルグリセロール蓄積抑制剤。
- 脂肪酸合成系酵素が、脂肪酸シンターゼ、グルコース−6−リン酸デヒドロゲナーゼ、ATP−クエン酸−リアーゼ、リンゴ酸酵素、ピルビン酸キナーゼ、グリセロール3リン酸アシルトランスフェラーゼである請求項1に記載の剤。
- 高級脂肪族アルコールの平均粒径が1〜150μmであり、粉末状である請求項1または2に記載の剤。
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JPS6299323A (ja) * | 1985-10-25 | 1987-05-08 | Yoshihide Hagiwara | 高脂血症剤 |
CU22225A1 (es) * | 1990-11-30 | 1995-01-31 | Cent Nac Investig Scient | Composicion farmacautica que contiene mezcla de alcoholes alifaticos primarios superiores para el tratamiento de hipercolesterolemia y la hiperlipoproteinemia tipo ii asi como estimulante de la conducta sexual en animales y humanos |
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NZ519268A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2004-12-24 | Mcneil Ppc Inc | Cholesterol lowering comestibles comprising policosanol (predominately octasanol) and sterol |
IT1320180B1 (it) * | 2000-12-29 | 2003-11-26 | Hunza Di Marazzita Maria Carme | Preparazioni nutrizionali e terapeutiche dotate di attivita'antiossidante ed in grado di controllare gli eccessi ponderali e |
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JP2003063977A (ja) * | 2001-08-28 | 2003-03-05 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 痩身用皮膚外用剤 |
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US7214394B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2007-05-08 | Archer-Daniels-Midland Company | Policosanol compositions, extraction from novel sources, and uses thereof |
EP1536698A1 (en) * | 2002-08-23 | 2005-06-08 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Novel nutraceutical compositions comprising biotin |
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